To the Queen

    1    dial clock

  11    Shrovetide the three days immediately preceding the season of Lent; this epilogue was written for a court performance by Shakespeare’s company on Shrove Tuesday February 20, 1599

  14    boards tables

“Let…Lay”

    *    “Let…Lay” untitled when originally published, this poem has been known since the early 1800s as “The Phoenix and Turtle”

    1    bird…lay never positively identified within the poem; the following line suggests that it might refer to the mythological    Arabian phoenix    lay song

    3    trumpet trumpeter

    5    shrieking harbinger often identified as the screech owl, regarded as a bird of ill omen whose cry heralded death

    6    precurrer precursor    fiend devil

    7    Augur predictor (literally soothsayer who made predictions based on the behavior of birds)

    9    session sitting (of court or parliament)    interdict prohibit

  10    fowl…wing bird of prey/usurper, despot

  11    Save except

  12    obsequy funeral rites    strict restricted, exclusive/rigorously maintained

  13    surplice ecclesiastical garment (here, the swan’s white feathers)

  14    defunctive deathly, funereal    can knows

  15    death-divining the swan was thought to know that its own death was coming, at which point it would sing

  16    his right what is due (either to the swan or to the requiem; puns on “rite”)

  17    treble-dated living three times the normal span

  18    sable gender black offspring; the crow was thought to reproduce chastely through the touching of beaks and exchange of breath

  21    anthem piece of music or song of praise

  23    Phoenix mythological Arabian bird which lived for five hundred years, was consumed by fire and then reborn from the ashes; only one existed at a time    turtle turtledove, a bird renowned for love and constancy    fled have departed this life

  24    In…flame together in one flame

  25    So…as they so loved that    twain two

  26    essence…one essential irreducible quality of one thing

  27    distincts separate things

  28    Number the concept of plurality

  29    remote apart    asunder separated

  30    Distance distance and proximity was seen

  32    But…wonder in anyone other than them it would have been extraordinary

  34    right due, what belonged to him

  35    sight eyes, gaze

  36    Either…mine they belonged to each other/each was the source of the other’s wealth

  37    Property ownership/self-possession

  38    the same itself

  39    Single…called i.e., their nature was both separate and united, so it could not properly be called either one or two

  41    confounded confused/overthrown

  42    division grow together separateness resolve into one

  43    To…neither i.e., each one was nothing without the other

  44    Simple a single unmixed substance    compounded combined

  45    it i.e., Reason    true truly/faithful

  46    concordant harmonious

  48    what…remain separate elements remain so united

  49    threne threnody, song of lamentation for the dead

  51    Co-supremes joint rulers

  52    THRENOS threnody, funeral lament

  59    posterity offspring

  60    infirmity physical inability

  64    Truth…be i.e., since both truth and beauty are buried with the phoenix and the turtle, whatever appears like them cannot really be so

  65    repair make their way