INDEX

3-D Why-Finder Questions, 223, 227

A

action

action habits, 249

employment and, 254

finances and, 254

health and, 251, 254

“Kristen” 250

leadership and, 250

relationships and, 254

“should do” thoughts and, 248

simplifying, 252

summary, 275

weight loss and, 247

Adrian, Nathan, 33

Affleck, Ben, 56

Albert, David, 83

Anatomy of an Illness (Norman Cousins), 191

Angelou, Maya, 256

“Angie,” 133

animal spirits, 122, 123

anxiety

exams and, 155

exercise and, 149

visualization and, 39

approach goals, 114

The Art of Choosing (Sheena Iyengar), 96

The Atlantic magazine, 76

atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), 149

auditory cortex, yarn and, 71

Augustine (saint), 80

avoidance goals, 114

B

Bankhead, Tallulah, 263

Barrett, Dierdre, 27, 28

Beck, Julie, 76

Before the Law (Franz Kafka), 251

behavioral-activation (BA) therapy, 251

“Ben,” 259, 262, 263

Binet, Alfred, 238

blindsight, 45

body language

“Angie,” 133, 138

brain and, 135

contagiousness of, 138, 141

embodied cognition, 135

employment and, 141

finances and, 141

head-nodding/head-shaking, 136

health and, 141

mirroring, 139

posture and, 136

relationships and, 141

slumping, 134

summary, 273

Bohr, Niels, 26, 89

Bowman, Bob, 34

Braid, James, 58

brain

action and, 249

amygdala, 45

atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and, 149

body language and, 136

brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 148

communication and, 225

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 28

dreams and, 26, 28

emotions and, 127

energy and, 147

exercise and, 147, 149

false reasoning, 224, 225

fixed mindset and, 239

free radicals and, 148

gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA) and, 149

glucose and, 147, 158

growth mindset and, 239

human growth hormone (HGH) and, 149

hypnosis and, 57

images and, 45, 47, 48

insula, 135

judgment and, 124

kinesthesia and, 135

laughter and, 185, 191

learning and, 160

loneliness and, 174

meaning and, 224, 225

mirror neurons, 139

negativity bias, 107

neurons, 21, 127, 139

pattern recognition, 239

plasticity, 14, 237, 242

play and, 197

schizophrenia, 98

sleep and, 157, 158

socialization and, 174

split-brain individuals, 225, 226

stress and, 210

vagus nerve, 128

visual cortex, 38, 45, 47, 49, 71

why and, 223, 224

yarn and, 69, 70, 72

Brain Rules series (John Medina), 48

Brody, Jane E., 52

Brown, Jonathon D., 70

Brown, Stuart, 197, 198, 199

Brunza, Jay, 56

Bryant, Andy, 60

C

Cacioppo, John, 173, 174, 180

Canfield, Jack, 9, 20, 39, 251, 267

capitalization, 111

“Celia,” 207

Chesterton, G. K., 201

choice

choice overload, 95

employment and, 99

“Fred,” 93, 95

importance of, 94

perspective and, 98

relationships and, 100

summary, 272

Chopra, Deepak, 83

Cialdini, Robert, 252

Clinton, Bill, 157, 158, 159

Cohen, Sheldon, 177

comics

action, 255

choice, 101

conclusion, 269

dreams, 31

exercise, 153

gender, 217

hypnosis, 63

images, 51

judgment, 131

kinesthesia, 143

laughter, 193

play, 203

positivity, 117

quantum physics, 91

reaching out, 181

self-forgiveness, 265

sleep, 167

talent, 245

visualization, 41

why, 233

yarn, 79

The Committee of Sleep (Dierdre Barrett), 27

communication

brain and, 225

gender and, 211

sex and, 214

compliments, positivity and, 113

conscious self

choice, 93

positivity, 103

quantum physics, 81

yarn, 67

Cousins, Norman, 191

Cuddy, Amy, 132, 136

D

Dahl, Nikolai, 56

Dali, Salvador, 24, 26

Damasio, Antonio, 72, 126, 127

Damon, Matt, 56

Danner, Deborah D., 76

Darwin, Charles, 135

defensive pessimism, 115

DeGeneres, Ellen, 56

depression

exercise and, 149

gender and, 215

lawyers and, 109

loneliness and, 174

play and, 199

self-delusion and, 70

Descartes’ Error (Antonio Damasio), 127

Descartes, René, 119

Dinges, David, 158

disputation, 110, 112

DNA

free radicals and, 148

social integration and, 177

talent and, 237, 240, 243

Doidge, Norman, 14

“Don Carlos,” 38, 40

Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 182

dreams

creativity and, 26

directing, 29

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and, 28

employment and, 29

finances and, 30

health and, 29

“Mary,” 25, 27

PET scans and, 27, 28

problem-solving and, 26, 28

relationships and, 30

suggestions for, 29

summary, 271

vision and, 49

Duchenne, Guillaume, 126

Duchenne smile, 126, 129, 137

Dweck, Carol, 236, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242

E

Eckhart, Aaron, 56

education

gender and, 211

play and, 198

Einstein, Albert, 157, 250

“Elizabeth,” 81, 84, 86

embodied cognition, 135

embodied self

exercise, 145

judgment, 121

kinesthesia, 133

sleep, 155

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 234

emotional contagion, 45

empathy, 72, 139

employment

action and, 254

choice and, 99

dreams and, 29

exercise and, 151

gender and, 207, 215

images and, 49

judgment and, 129

kinesthesia and, 141

laughter and, 187, 191

play and, 199, 201

positivity and, 115

quantum physics and, 90

reaching out and, 176, 177, 179

self-forgiveness and, 264

sleep and, 165

talent and, 243

visualization and, 39

why and, 231

yarn and, 77

Erickson, Milton, 59

Ericsson, K. Anders, 237

error positivity, 239

Esdaile, James, 58, 60

exercise. See also health.

atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and, 149

brain and, 147

depression and, 149

employment and, 151

finances and, 152

gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA) and, 149

human growth hormone (HGH) and, 149

motivation for, 151

regenerative effects of, 146

relationships and, 151

sleep and, 165

stress and, 149

summary, 273

F

Fey, Tina, 246

fight-or-flight reaction, 209

finances

action and, 254

animal spirits, 122

dreams and, 30

exercise and, 152

gender and, 216

growth mindset and, 243

“hedonistic treadmill,” 77

hypnosis and, 61

images and, 50

judgment and, 130

kinesthesia and, 141

laughter and, 192

loneliness and, 173

luck and, 90

play and, 202

positivity and, 116

reaching out and, 180

self-forgiveness and, 264

sleep and, 165

visualization and, 40

why and, 231

yarn and, 77

Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 83

fixed mindset, 236, 237, 241

food, sleep and, 164

Franklin, Benjamin, 58

Frankl, Viktor, 228, 230

“Fred,” 93, 95

free radicals, 148

Freud, Sigmund, 26, 59

G

Gable, Shelly, 111

gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA), 149

Gazzaniga, Michael, 226

gender

“Celia,” 207

communication styles, 211, 216

depression and, 215

education and, 211

employment and, 207, 215

fight-or-flight reaction and, 209

finances and, 216

health and, 215

“Jeff,” 205, 210, 212

sex and, 214

summary, 274

Glamour magazine, 163

Glenn, Phillip, 187

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 73

Gottman, John, 77, 113

Gottschall, Jonathan, 73

Gould, Glenn, 38

growth mindset, 236, 238, 241, 242

H

Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology (2015), 76

health. See also exercise.

action and, 251, 254

choice and, 99

dreams and, 29

gender and, 215

hypnosis and, 55

images and, 50

judgment and, 129

kinesthesia and, 141

laughter and, 191

loneliness and, 172, 177

play and, 201

positivity and, 115

posture, 136

practices for good health, 243

reaching out and, 179

relationships and, 179

self-forgiveness and, 264

sleep and, 161

smiling and, 141

visualization and, 39

why and, 231

yarn and, 77

Heath, Chip, 74

Heath, Dan, 74

Heller, Robert, 120

Hemingway, Ernest, 240

Herman, C. Peter, 260

“Holly,” 155, 159, 160

Huffington, Arianna, 154

human growth hormone (HGH), 149

hypnosis

anchor, 123, 124

celebrities and, 56

finances and, 61

health and, 55, 61

high-hypnotizables, 54, 55

history of, 58

“Kathy,” 55

low-hypnotizables, 54

name origin, 59

self-hypnosis, 61

sex and, 60, 61

sleep and, 156, 163

social interaction and, 61

summary, 271

surgery and, 60

suspicion of, 57

usefulness of, 55, 56, 60

I

Iacoboni, Marco, 139

images

blindsight, 45

blind spot, 48

emotional contagion and, 45

employment and, 49

extrapolation of, 49

finances and, 50

health and, 50

loved ones, 50

optic nerve and, 45

picture superiority effect (PSE), 48

relationships and, 50

sensory interaction with, 47

sleep and, 50

summary, 271

“Tom,” 43, 45, 46

value of appearance, 50

work area and, 43, 49

Influence (Robert Cialdini), 252

insomnia, 54

inward why, 223, 227

IQ, 238

Iyengar, Sheena, 95

J

James, William, 135, 191

“Jasper,” 235, 242

Jaws (film), 73

“Jeff,” 205, 210, 212

“Jonah,” 155, 161

“Joshua,” 121, 123

judgment

animal spirits, 122, 123

brain and, 124

emotional influence on, 127

employment and, 129

finances and, 130

health and, 129

“Joshua,” 121, 123

positivity and, 124, 126

relationships and, 129, 130

summary, 272

visualization and, 123

K

Kafka, Franz, 251

“Kathy,” 53

Kekulé, Friedrich August, 26

Keller, Helen, 102

“Kevin,” 171, 173, 175, 177, 179

kinesthesia

“Angie,” 133, 138

brain and, 135

contagiousness of, 138, 141

embodied cognition, 135

employment and, 141

finances and, 141

head-nodding/head-shaking, 136

health and, 141

mirroring, 139

posture and, 136

relationships and, 141

slumping, 134

summary, 273

Kovacs, Jenny Stamos, 163

“Kristen,” 250

L

Lang, Elvira, 60

Langer, Ellen, 94, 224

Lao-Tzu, 266

“Larry,” 15, 16, 18, 20, 195, 198, 200

laughter

contagion, 189

employment and, 187, 191

finances and, 192

gender and, 189

health and, 191

play and, 200, 201

punctuation effect, 186

relationships and, 192

social interaction and, 186

subconscious and, 186

summary, 274

triggers for, 185

“Yvette,” 183, 186, 188, 191

Laughter: A Scientific Investigation (Robert Provine), 185, 189

Laughter in Interaction (Phillip Glenn), 187

law of attraction, 82, 89, 274

Lean In (Sheryl Sandberg), 208

learned helplessness, 108

Lepper, Mark, 96

Lewis, C. S., 92, 179

Loewi, Otto, 26

logotherapy, 228

loneliness

brain and, 174

health and, 172, 177

mindset and, 173

negative input and, 174

pain of, 174

summary, 273

Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection (John Cacioppo), 173

“Lose Weight While You Sleep” (Jenny Stamos Kovacs), 163

luck, 87

“Lynn,” 17, 222, 227, 228, 230

M

Made to Stick (Chip Heath and Dan Heath), 74

Manczak, Erika, 76

Man’s Search for Meaning (Viktor Frankl), 228

“Mary,” 25, 27

McAdams, Dan, 76

McBride, Kevin, 56

McGonigal, Kelly, 259

McGurk effect, 48

McGurk, Harry, 47

Medina, John, 48

memory, yarn and, 72, 74

Mendeleyev, Dmitry, 26

Mesmer, Franz Anton, 58

mesmerism, 58, 60

Miller’s Law, 17

Mindfulness (Ellen Langer), 224

Mindset (Carol Dweck), 240

“Miriam,” 67

mirroring, 139

Mirroring People (Marco Iacoboni), 139

mirror neurons, 138, 139

Mlodinow, Leonard, 83

N

negative thoughts

action and, 86

believing, 86

brain and, 85

dwelling on, 86

employment and, 90

monitor, 85

operator, 85

self-criticism, 90

sleep and, 164

summary, 272

suppression of, 81, 82, 85

unsolicited advice and, 86

usefulness of, 86

visualization of, 86

Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP), 59, 139

neuroplasticity, 199, 237

Nicklaus, Jack, 28

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 228

Nin, Anaïs, 42

No Limits (Michael Phelps), 34

Norem, Julie, 115

O

onward why, 227

optic nerve, 45

optimism. See positivity.

“organize-by-five” rule, 17

overeating, visualization and, 39

P

Panksepp, Jaak, 198

Patient Sedation Without Medication (Elvira Lang), 60

Phelps, Michael, 33, 38

picture superiority effect (PSE), 48

play

active participation, 200

bonding chemicals and, 197

brain and, 197

depression and, 199

education and, 198

employment and, 199, 201

finances and, 202

health and, 201

“Larry,” 195, 198, 200

laughter and, 200, 201

relationships and, 197, 201

spontaneity and, 200

summary, 274

Play: How It Shapes the Brain, Opens the Imagination, and Invigorates the Soul (Stuart Brown), 197

Polivy, Janet, 260

Popular Science magazine, 83

positivity

approach goals, 114

avoidance goals, 114

capitalization, 111

compliments and, 113

defensive pessimism, 115

disputation, 110, 112

employment and, 115

evolution and, 107

finances and, 116

health and, 115

judgment and, 124, 126

learned helplessness, 108

practicing, 107

relationships and, 113, 115

“Roberta,” 103, 107, 108, 109, 112

summary, 272

positron-emission tomography (PET) scans, 27, 28

posture, 136

Presence (Amy Cuddy), 136

Prime-your-mind Quiz

action, 247

choice, 93

dreams, 25

exercise, 145

gender, 205

hypnosis, 53

images, 43

judgment, 121

kinesthesia, 133

laughter, 183

play, 195

positivity, 103

quantum physics, 81

reaching out, 171

self-forgiveness, 257

sleep, 155

talent, 235

visualization, 33

why, 221

yarn, 67

problem-solving

dreams and, 26, 28

sleep and, 159

Provine, Robert R., 185, 189, 190

punctuation effect, 186

Q

quantum physics

“Elizabeth,” 81, 84, 86

employment and, 90

law of attraction, 82, 89

luck, 87

self-criticism, 90

suppression of negative thoughts, 81, 82, 85

quiz answers

action, 254

choice, 100

dreams, 30

exercise, 152

gender, 216

hypnosis, 62

images, 50

judgment, 130

kinesthesia, 142

laughter, 192

play, 202

positivity, 116

quantum physics, 90

reaching out, 180

self-forgiveness, 264

sleep, 166

talent, 244

visualization, 40

why, 232

yarn, 78

R

Rachmaninoff, Sergey Vasilyevich, 56

Ramachandran, V. S., 32

Ramanujan, Srinivasa, 26

Randall, Lisa, 83

Ratey, John J., 144, 147, 148

reaching out

DNA and, 177

employment and, 176, 177, 179

family and, 177

finances and, 180

group activities, 177

health and, 179

“Kevin,” 171, 173, 175, 177, 179

plan for, 177, 178

positive input from, 174

relationships and, 180

social integration, 176

summary, 273

Recollections (Sergey Vasilyevich Rachmaninoff), 56

relationships

action and, 254

capitalization, 111

choice and, 100

communication and, 216

dreams and, 30

exercise and, 151

friendships and, 179

growth mindset, 243

health and, 179

images and, 50

judgment and, 129, 130

kinesthesia and, 141

laughter and, 190, 192

play and, 197, 201

positivity and, 113, 115

reaching out and, 180

self-forgiveness and, 264

sleep and, 165

smiling and, 141

visualization and, 40

why and, 231

wide range of, 176

yarn and, 77

Restak, Richard, 170

“Roberta,” 103, 107, 108, 109, 112

Roosevelt, Teddy, 156, 161

S

Sandberg, Sheryl, 208

schizophrenia, 98

Scientific American, 61

The Secret (film), 82, 83

Self Comes to Mind (Antonio Damasio), 72

self-delusions

schizophrenia and, 98

sleep and, 158

yarn and, 70

self-forgiveness

“Ben,” 259, 262, 263

employment and, 264

finances and, 264

health and, 264

relationships and, 264

summary, 275

weight loss and, 263

“what-the-hell” effect, 257, 259, 260

self-hypnosis, 61

Seligman, Martin, 108, 109, 110

sex

communication and, 214

gender and, 214

hypnosis and, 60

“should do” thoughts, 248

sleep

aging and, 161, 162

alarms and, 165

alcohol and, 163

amount of, 157, 163

brain and, 157, 158

breathing exercises for, 164

caffeine and, 163

electronics and, 164

employment and, 165

environment and, 164

exercise and, 165

finances and, 165

food and, 164

genetic activity and, 165

glucose and, 158

health and, 161

“Holly,” 155, 159, 160

hypnosis and, 156, 163

memory and, 159

necessity of, 161

negative thoughts and, 164

problem-solving and, 159

relationships and, 165

relaxation and, 164

self-delusion and, 158

self-hypnosis and, 163

skin and, 161, 162

sleep macho, 157, 158

summary, 273

timing of, 163

toxicity and, 160

weight and, 162, 165

smiling

contagiousness of, 138, 141

Duchenne smile, 126, 129, 137

health and, 141

relationships and, 141

smoking, 56

socialization

DNA and, 177

employment and, 176, 177, 179

family and, 177

finances and, 180

group activities, 177

health and, 179

“Kevin,” 171, 173, 175, 177, 179

plan for, 177, 178

positive input from, 174

relationships and, 180

social integration, 176

social neuroscience, 172

summary, 273

social self

gender, 205

laughter, 183

play, 195

reaching out, 171

somnambulists, 54

The Sorrows of Young Werther (Johann Wolfgang von Goethe), 73

Spark: The Revolutionary New Science of Exercise and the Brain (John Ratey), 147

Spielberg, Steven, 73

storytelling

biological function of, 69

brain and, 70, 72

career and, 77

cause-and-effect resolution, 72

character, 72

conflict, 72

delusions and, 70

finances and, 77

health and, 77

memory and, 72, 74

“Miriam,” 67, 69

personality and, 76

relationships and, 77

summary, 271

The Storytelling Animal (Jonathan Gottschall), 73

Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 73

stress

exercise and, 149

fight-or-flight reaction, 209

maternal instinct and, 210

psoriasis and, 208

striving self

action, 245, 247

self-forgiveness, 257

talent, 235

why, 221

subconscious self

dreams, 25

images, 43

kinesthesia and, 134

laughter and, 186

visualization, 33

The Success Principles (Jack Canfield), 20

Szasz, Thomas, 66

T

talent

DNA and, 237, 240, 243

employment and, 243

fixed mindset, 236, 237, 241

growth mindset, 236, 238, 241

“Jasper,” 235, 242

praise and, 241

source of, 237, 242

summary, 275

Tannen, Deborah, 204, 211

Taylor, Shelley E., 70, 209, 210

Temple of Apollo (Delphi), 16

The Tending Instinct (Shelley E. Taylor), 209

The Brain That Changes Itself (Norman Doidge), 14

“Tom,” 43, 45, 46

U

Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Harriet Beecher Stowe), 73

upward why, 227

V

vagus nerve, 128

visual cortex

blind spot, 49

brain and, 47

images and, 45

visualization and, 38

yarn and, 71

visualization

anxiety and, 39

Basic Drill, 36

“Don Carlos,” 38, 40

effectiveness of, 34

employment and, 39

fantasizing compared to, 35

finances and, 40

focus and, 35

health and, 39

image inspiration, 37

judgment and, 123

method of, 35, 36, 38

negative visualization, 38, 86

overeating and, 39

physical practice and, 34

relationships and, 40

summary, 271

visual cortex and, 38

W

War of the Worldviews: Where Science and Spirituality Meet—and Do Not (Leonard Mlodinow and Deepak Chopra), 83

Wegner, Daniel, 85

weight loss

action and, 247

action habits, 249

comfort zones and, 247

frustration with, 221

“Lynn,” 222, 227, 228, 230

motivation for, 221, 227

self-forgiveness and, 263

sleep and, 162, 165

Werther Fever, 73

What the #$*! Do We Know? (film), 82, 83

“what-the-hell” effect, 257, 259, 260

Whitman, Charles, 199

why

3-D Why-Finder Questions, 223, 227

choice and, 224

employment and, 231

finances and, 231

health and, 231

inward why, 223, 227

“Lynn,” 222, 227, 228, 230

meaning, importance of, 224

motivation and, 221

onward why, 227

relationships and, 231

suffering and, 228, 230

summary, 275

upward why, 227

The Willpower Instinct (Kelly McGonigal), 259

Wilson, Timothy D., 224

Wiseman, Richard, 88

Woods, Tiger, 56

Y

yarn

biological function of, 69

brain and, 70, 72

career and, 77

cause-and-effect resolution, 72

character, 72

conflict, 72

delusions and, 70

finances and, 77

health and, 77

memory and, 72, 74

“Miriam,” 67, 69

personality and, 76

relationships and, 77

summary, 271

You Just Don’t Understand: Women and Men in Conversation (Deborah Tannen), 211

“Yvette,” 183, 186, 188, 191