Notes on Sources

Archives are identified as:

AVCAU – Archivum Venerabilis Collegii Anglorum de Urbe (Archives of the Venerable English College, Rome)

DSCN – Birmingham Diocese

PF – Propaganda Fide

WDA – Westminster Diocese

CHAPTER 1

As Far as the Law of God Allows

  1 Jasper Ridley, The Statesman and the Fanatic (Constable), p.94

  2 J J Scarisbrick, Henry VIII (Yale University Press), p.112

  3 Ibid., p.113

  4 Ibid., p.115

  5 Ridley, op. cit., p.60

  6 Ibid., p.165

  7 Christopher Haigh, The English Reformation (Clarendon Press), p.67

  8 Ibid., p.68

  9 Ibid.

10 Ibid.

11 Ibid., p.102

12 Eamon Duffy, Fires of Faith (Yale University Press), p.44

13 Haigh, op. cit., p.93

14 Ibid.

15 W Schenk, Reginald Pole (Longmans Green), p.24

16 Ibid.

17 Haigh, op. cit., p.109

18 WDA, Vol. I, 13.241

19 A G Dickens, The English Reformation (Batsford), p.138

20 Ibid.

21 Haigh, op. cit., p.119

22 E E Reynolds, Saint John Fisher (Burns & Oates), p.342

23 Ibid., p.23

24 Ibid., p.25

25 Ibid., p.114

26 Peter Ackroyd, The Life of Thomas More (Vintage), p.343

27 Tracy Borman, Thomas Cromwell (Hodder and Stoughton), p.160

28 Ridley, op. cit., p.133

29 Ackroyd, op. cit., p.226

30 Dickens, op. cit., p.163

31 Derek Wilson, The English Reformation (Constable), p.101

32 Ridley, op. cit., p.264

33 Wilson, op. cit., p.121

34 Ackroyd, op. cit., p.357

35 Ibid.

36 Ibid., p.359

37 Ridley, op. cit., p.283

38 Ibid., p.276

39 Borman, op. cit., p.194

40 Ackroyd, op. cit., p.394

41 Haigh, op. cit., p.13

CHAPTER 2

The Cause Thereof

  1 Haigh, op. cit., p.41

  2 Ridley, op. cit., p.244

  3 Wilson, op. cit., p.110

  4 Ibid.

  5 Haigh, op. cit., p.51

  6 Ibid., p.77

  7 Dickens, op. cit., p.76

  8 J D Mackie, The Early Tudors (Oxford University Press), p.375

  9 Ridley, op. cit., p.34

10 Schenk, op. cit., p.143

11 Haigh, op. cit., p.9

12 Schenk, op. cit., p.101

13 Haigh, op. cit., p.143

14 Ibid.

15 Mackie, op. cit., p.373

16 Haigh op. cit., p.130

17 Wilson, op. cit., p.172

18 Mackie, op. cit., p.376

19 Wilson, op. cit., p.168

20 Ibid., p.170

21 Ibid., p.205

22 Ibid.

23 Geoffrey Moorhouse, The Pilgrimage of Grace (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), p.34

24 Ibid., p.41

25 Ibid.

26 Wilson, op. cit., p.186

27 Haigh, op. cit., p.148

28 Christopher Haigh (ed.), The English Reformation Revisited (Cambridge University Press), D M Palliser, ‘Popular Reaction to the Reformation During the Years of Uncertainty’.

CHAPTER 3

Forth, Pilgrims! Forth!

  1 Borman, op. cit., p.272

  2 Wilson, op. cit., p.189

  3 Ibid., p.190

  4 Scarisbrick, op. cit., p.343

  5 M A Tierney, Dodd’s Church History of England, Vol. I, Appendix, p.432

  6 Ethan H Shagan (ed.), Catholics and the Protestant Nation (Manchester University Press), Peter Marshall, ‘Is the Pope a Catholic?’

  7 Thomas F Mayer, Cardinal Pole in the European Context (Ashgate), Vol. II, p.307

  8 Schenk, op. cit., p.75

  9 Moorhouse, op. cit., p.113

10 Scarisbrick, op. cit., p.341

11 Ibid., p.199

12 Ibid., p.122

13 Michael Bush, The Pilgrimage of Grace (Manchester University Press), p.119

14 Moorhouse, op. cit., p.133

15 Ibid.

16 Ibid., p.148

17 Ibid., p.153

18 Ibid., p.156

19 Ibid.

20 Wilson, op. cit., p.183

21 Schenk, op. cit., p.38

22 Haigh, op. cit., p.96

23 Wilson, op. cit., p.192

24 Dickens, op. cit., p.169

25 Moorhouse, op. cit., p.167

26 Ibid., p.172

27 Ibid., p.173

28 Bush, op. cit., p.411

29 Moorhouse, op. cit., p.193

30 David Loades, Henry VIII, Court and Conflict (National Archives), p.194

31 Moorhouse, op. cit., p.208

32 Ibid., p.216

33 Ibid.

34 Ibid., p.235

35 Ibid., p.25

36 Ibid., p.299

CHAPTER 4

The Necessity of Doctrine

  1 Eamon Duffy, The Stripping of the Altars (Yale University Press), p.381

  2 Borman, op. cit., p.190

  3 Diarmaid MacCulloch, Thomas Cranmer: A Life (Yale University Press), p.169

  4 Duffy, op. cit., p.99

  5 Ibid., p.397

  6 Mayer, op. cit., p.191

  7 Scarisbrick, op. cit., p.406

  8 Ibid., p.408

  9 Ibid., p.409

10 Duffy, op. cit., p.404

11 Ibid.

12 Schenk, op. cit., p.67

13 Ibid., p.71

14 Thomas F Mayer, Reginald Pole (Cambridge University Press), p.63

15 Schenk, op. cit., p.79

16 Dickens, op. cit., p.201

17 Ibid., p.207

18 Ibid.

19 Scarisbrick, op. cit., p.420

20 Ibid.

21 Ibid.

22 Haigh, op. cit., p.161

23 Shagan, op. cit., p.24

24 Ibid., p.25

25 Ibid.

26 Ibid., p.14

27 Shenck, op. cit., p.54

28 Haigh, op. cit., p.106

CHAPTER 5

Sufficient Sacrifice

  1 Jaspar Ridley, John Knox (Oxford University Press), p.29

  2 Ibid.

  3 Ibid.

  4 Ibid.

  5 Compton Mackenzie, Catholicism and Scotland (George Routledge), p.52

  6 John Guy, My Heart is My Own (Fourth Estate), p.37

  7 Mackenzie, op. cit., p.53

  8 Ibid., p.37

  9 Ridley (Knox), op. cit., p.47

10 Ibid., p.59

11 Ibid., p.47

12 Ibid., p.76

CHAPTER 6

Come to Redeem His People

  1 Mackie, op. cit., p.512

  2 Christopher Skidmore, The Lost King of England (Orion), p.162

  3 Ibid., p.176

  4 Duffy (Altars), op. cit., p.499

  5 Jonathan North (ed.), England’s Boy King: The Diaries of Edward VI, 1547–1553 (Ravenhall Books), p.76

  6 Wilson, op. cit., p.246

  7 WDA, Vol. I, 10.213

  8 Wilson, op. cit., p.260

  9 Duffy (Altars), op. cit., p.451

10 Wilson, op. cit., p.162

11 Skidmore, op. cit., p.81

12 Wilson, op. cit., p.268

13 Skidmore, op. cit., p.147

14 Ibid.

15 Ibid., p.131

16 Ibid., p.168

17 Ibid., p.175

18 Haigh, op. cit., p.174

19 Ibid.

20 Wilson, op. cit., p.274

21 Ibid.

22 Mackie, op. cit., p.519

23 Skidmore, op. cit., p.122

24 Ibid., p.275

25 Ridley (Knox), op. cit., p.88

26 Ibid., p.89

27 Ibid., p.97

28 Ibid., p.101

29 Mackie, p.522

30 Ridley (Knox), op. cit., p.108

31 Ibid., p.111

32 Ibid., p.116

33 Haigh, op. cit., p.180

34 Ibid., p.193

35 Ibid.

36 Mackie, p.520

37 Skidmore, op. cit., p.167

38 Haigh, op. cit., p.183

CHAPTER 7

The Unquenchable Fyre

  1 Foxe, The Acts and Monuments (1732 edition), 2/2

  2 Mackie, op. cit., p.527

  3 Ridley (Knox), op. cit., p.151

  4 Ibid.

  5 Duffy (Fires of Faith), op. cit., p.85

  6 Haigh, op. cit., p.219

  7 Duffy (Fires of Faith), op. cit., p.227

  8 Ibid.

  9 Haigh, op. cit., p.190

10 Ibid.

11 Ibid., p.192

12 Ibid., p.230

13 Ibid.

14 Ibid., p.234

15 Foxe, op. cit., 1/232

16 Ibid., 1/120

17 Duffy (Fires of Faith), op. cit., p.90

18 Ibid.

19 Foxe, op. cit., 1/825

20 Ibid.

21 Haigh, op. cit., p.21

22 Duffy (Fires of Faith), op. cit., p.112

23 Foxe, op. cit., 1/564

24 Ibid., 1/802

25 Duffy (Fires of Faith), op. cit., p.108

26 Foxe, op. cit., 1/627

27 Ibid., 1/640

28 Ibid.

29 Schenk, op. cit., p.124

30 WDA, Vol. I, 25.305

31 Schenk, op. cit., p.125

32 Duffy (Fires of Faith), op. cit., p.37

33 Ibid.

34 Mayer (Reginald Pole), op. cit., p.206

35 Duffy (Fires of Faith), op. cit., p.57

36 Schenk, op. cit., p.129

37 Duffy (Fires of Faith), op. cit., p.44

38 Ibid.

39 Mayer (Reginald Pole), op. cit., p.221

40 Roy Hattersley, David Lloyd George (Little, Brown), p.332

41 Schenk, op. cit., p.137

42 Ibid., p.136

43 WDA, Vol. I, 36.383

44 Foxe, op. cit., 3/110

45 Duffy (Fires of Faith), op. cit., p.88

46 Ibid.

47 Foxe, op. cit., 3/785

48 Haigh, op. cit., p.216

49 Duffy (Fires of Faith), op. cit., p.49

50 Ibid., p.87

51 Ibid., p.120

52 Mayer (Reginald Pole), op. cit., p.274

53 Duffy (Fires of Faith), op. cit., p.142

54 Wilson, op. cit., p.315

55 WDA, Vol. I, 37.389

CHAPTER 8

God Gave Us Elizabeth

  1 Haigh, op. cit., p.218

  2 Elizabeth Jenkins, Elizabeth the Great (Coward-McCann, New York), p.393

  3 Ibid., p.158

  4 Michael A Mullett, Catholics in Britain and Ireland, 1558–1649 (Macmillan), p.12

  5 Haigh, op. cit., p.243

  6 Jenkins, op. cit., p.263

  7 Haigh, op. cit., p.249

  8 Ibid.

  9 Jenkins, op. cit., p.157

10 Haigh, op. cit., p.257

11 Jenkins, op. cit., p.254

12 Mullett, op. cit., p.44

13 Jane Dunn, Elizabeth and Mary (HarperCollins), p.287

14 Ibid.

15 Ibid., p.36

16 Ibid., p.37

17 Mullett, op. cit., p.56

18 WDA, Vol. I, 2.3

19 John Bossy, The English Catholic Community: 1570–1850 (Darton, Longman & Todd), p.13

20 Ibid., p.18

21 Anne Somerset, Elizabeth I (HarperCollins), p.285

22 Ibid.

23 Ibid., p.386

24 Ibid., p.387

25 WDA, Vol. I, 23.101

26 Ethelred L Taunton, The History of the Jesuits in England (Methuen), p.29

27 Ibid., p.30

28 Ibid., p.43

29 Francis Edwards, The Jesuits in England: From 1580 to the Present (Burns & Oates), p.19

30 Maurice Whitehead, Held in Trust: 2008 Years of Sacred Culture (St Omer Press), p.71

31 Haigh, op. cit., p.263

32 WDA, Vol. I, 34.369

CHAPTER 9

Touching Our Society

  1 WDA, Vol. II, 46.265

  2 Alain Woodrow, The Jesuits (Geoffrey Chapman), p.107

  3 Evelyn Waugh, Edmund Campion (Penguin), p.153

  4 Mullett, op. cit., p.18

  5 Haigh, op. cit., p.262

  6 WDA, Vol. II, 28.121

  7 Woodrow, op. cit., p.107

  8 Ibid., p.182

  9 Mullett, op. cit., p.18

10 WDA, Vol. II, 28.121

11 Ibid.

12 Waugh, op. cit., p.94

13 Ibid., p.97

14 Ibid.

15 Edwards, op. cit., p.29

16 Waugh, op. cit., p.131

17 Edwards, op. cit., p.21

18 Somerset, op. cit., p.392

19 J B Black, The Reign of Elizabeth (Oxford University Press), p.181

20 AVCAU, Scritture (hereafter Scr.) 178/179

21 Ibid., Scr. 180

22 Jenkins, op. cit., p.294

23 Somerset, op. cit., p.388

24 Jenkins, op. cit., p.245

25 Ibid., p.241

26 Ibid.

27 AVCAU, Scr. 2/213

28 Somerset, op. cit., p.285

29 Ibid.

30 Ibid., p.389

31 Ibid., p.391

32 Mullett, op. cit., p.14

33 Ibid., p.18

34 Haigh, op. cit., p.260

35 Wakefield Family Papers

36 Haigh, op. cit., p.263

37 Ibid., p.265

38 Mullett, op. cit., p.25

39 Black, op. cit., p.451

40 Ibid., p.455

41 Bossy, op. cit., p.45

42 Shagan, op. cit., p.164

43 Roy Hattersley, The Devonshires (Chatto & Windus), p.26

44 Ibid., p.27

45 Ibid., p.28

46 Ibid., p.44

47 Ibid.

CHAPTER 10

More an Antique Roman?

  1 A L Rowse, Christopher Marlowe (Macmillan), p.193

  2 John Waterfield, The Heart of His Mystery (Universe), p.16

  3 Constance Brown Kuriyama, Christopher Marlowe (Cornell University Press), p.213

  4 Shagan, op. cit., p.149

  5 Ibid., p.155

  6 A D Nuttall, Shakespeare the Thinker (Yale University Press), p.12

  7 Ibid.

  8 Peter Ackroyd, William Shakespeare: The Biography (Chatto & Windus), p.23

  9 Ibid.

10 Ibid.

11 Nuttall, op. cit., p.15

12 Waterfield, op. cit., p.2

13 Ibid.

14 Nuttall, op. cit., p.17

15 Ackroyd (Shakespeare), op. cit., p.416

16 Ibid., p.433

17 Waterfield, op. cit., p.6

18 Ibid.

CHAPTER 11

Defiled with Some Infirmities

  1 Bossy, op. cit., p.190

  2 Ibid., p.28

  3 G P V Akrigg (ed.), Letters of King James VI & I (University of California Press), No. 49

  4 Ibid., p.91

  5 Neil Rhodes (ed.), King James VI & I: Selected Writings (Ashgate), p.299

  6 Mullett, op. cit.

  7 Shagan, op. cit., p.87

  8 Ibid., p.88

  9 Ibid., p.165

10 Ibid.

11 Arnold Hunt, ‘The Lady is a Catholic’, in Recusant History (The Catholic Record Society), Vol. 31, No. 3, p.416

12 Ibid.

13 Alan Stewart, The Cradle King (Chatto & Windus), p.226

14 Ibid.

15 Ibid., p.231

16 Shagan, op. cit., p.172

17 Ibid., p.170

18 Ibid.

19 Mullett, op. cit., p.24

20 Recusant History, op. cit., Vol. 3, No. 3

21 Mullett, op. cit., p.51

22 Ibid., p.61

23 Ibid.

24 Ibid.

25 Ibid., p.31

26 AVCAU, Scr. 70/3/25

27 Ibid.

CHAPTER 12

Let Loose to Say Masses

  1 Stewart, op. cit., p.301

  2 Ibid.

  3 Ibid.

  4 Pauline Gregg, King Charles I (Dent), p.96

  5 Ibid., p.320

  6 Ibid., p.321

  7 Ibid., p.333

  8 Kevin Sharpe, The Personal Rule of Charles I (Yale University Press), p.279

  9 Gregg, op. cit., p.102

10 Bossy, op. cit., p.269

11 Sharpe, op. cit., p.280

12 Gregg, op. cit., p.277

13 Ibid., p.278

14 Sharpe, op. cit., p.306

15 Gregg, op. cit., p.278

16 Sharpe, op. cit., p.365

17 Ibid., p.842

18 Ibid., p.301

19 Ibid.

20 Gregg, op. cit., p.280

21 Richard Cust and Elizabeth Hughes (eds), The English Civil War (Arnold Readers in History), p.292

22 Mullett, op. cit., p.26

23 Ibid., p.52

24 PF, Memoria Rerum, Vol. I, Capitolo VI, p.163

25 Ibid., p.164

26 Mullett, op. cit., p.64

27 Ibid., p.67

28 Michael Braddick, God’s Fury, England’s Fire (Allen Lane), p.171

29 Mullett, op. cit., p.63

30 Braddick, op. cit., p.168

31 Ibid.

32 Ibid., p.170

33 Ibid., p.172

34 Bossy, op. cit., p.225

35 Ibid., p.233

36 Christopher Hill, God’s Englishman (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), p.63

37 Ibid., p.12

38 Ibid., p.121

39 Antonia Fraser, Cromwell, Our Chief of Men (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), p.33

40 Ibid., p.338

41 PF, Memoria Rerum, Vol. I, Capitolo VI, p.166

42 Hill, op. cit., p.14

43 Bossy, op. cit., p.64

44 Ibid., p.65

45 Ibid., p.66

CHAPTER 13

Liberty to Tender Conscience

  1 Ronald Hutton, Charles II (Clarendon Press), p.69

  2 Jenny Uglow, A Gambling Man: Charles II and the Restoration (Faber & Faber), p.196

  3 Hutton, op. cit., p.92

  4 John Kenyon, The Popish Plot (Heinemann), p.28

  5 Mullett, op. cit., p.76

  6 Uglow, op. cit., p.194

  7 Ibid., p.195

  8 Ibid., p.370

  9 Ibid., p.371

10 K D H Haley, Politics in the Reign of Charles II (Blackwell), p.61

11 Uglow, op. cit., p.375

12 R C Latham and W Matthews (eds), The Diary of Samuel Pepys (Bell and Hyman), Book 7, 5.11.66

13 Uglow, op. cit., p.375

14 Ibid., p.491

15 Ibid., p.492

16 D M Little and G H Kahrl (eds), The Letters of David Garrick (Belknap Press), Vol. III, p.162

17 Hattersley (Devonshires), op. cit., p.163

18 Ibid., p.167

19 Latham and Matthews, op. cit., Book 9, 26/7.5.1669

20 Kenyon, op. cit., p.243

21 Hattersley (Devonshires), op. cit., p.168

22 Mullett, op. cit., p.77

23 Kenyon, op. cit., p.247

24 Nicholas Rhea, Blessed Nicholas Postgate (Gracewing), p.164

25 Kenyon, op. cit., p.233

26 William Cobbett, The Complete Collection of State Trials, (R Bagshaw) p.481

27 Ibid., p.492

28 George Clark, The Later Stuarts (Oxford University Press), p.95

29 Mullett, op. cit., p.77

30 Clark, op. cit., p.96

31 Ibid., p.169

CHAPTER 14

Disobedience, Schism and Rebellion

  1 Latham and Matthews, op. cit., Book 9, 19.2.67

  2 Ibid., 15.4.68

  3 Maurice Ashley, James II (Dent), p.158

  4 Clark, op. cit., p.116

  5 Mullett, op. cit., p.79

  6 Ibid.

  7 Ibid., p.17

  8 Bossy, op. cit., p.71

  9 Mullett, op. cit., p.70

10 Bossy, op. cit., p.128

11 Mullett, op cit., p.93

12 Ibid.

13 Anne Somerset, Queen Anne: The Politics of Passion (Harper Press), p.15

14 Ibid., p.62

15 Ashley, op. cit., p.188

16 Somerset (Queen Anne), op. cit., p.64

17 Ashley, op. cit., p.191

18 Ibid., p.179

19 Ibid., p.195

20 Ibid., p.110

21 Ibid., p.219

22 Somerset (Queen Anne), op. cit., p.75

23 Mullett, op. cit., p.129

24 Ibid., p.103

25 Ashley, op. cit., p.196

26 Ibid., p.219

27 Somerset, op. cit., p.73

28 Ashley, op. cit., p.197

29 Edward Vallance, The Glorious Revolution (Little, Brown), p.87

30 Somerset (Queen Anne), op. cit., p.76

31 Ashley, op. cit., p.210

32 Nicholas Schofield and Gerard Skinner, The English Vicars Apostolic (Family Publications), p.17

33 Bossy, op. cit., p.212

34 Somerset (Queen Anne), op. cit., p.88

35 Ashley, op. cit., p.225

36 John Evelyn, Diaries (Everyman), Book IV, p.156

37 Somerset (Queen Anne), op. cit., p.83

38 Mullett, op. cit., p.83

CHAPTER 15

Fidelity and Intire Obedience

  1 Mullett, op. cit., p.81

  2 Ian Gilmour, Riots, Risings and Revolution (Hutchinson), p.33

  3 W J Amherst, The History of Catholic Emancipation (Kegan, Paul and Trench), Vol. I, p.80

  4 Schofield and Skinner, op. cit., p.145

  5 Bossy, op. cit., p.228

  6 PF, Memoria Rerum, Vol. III, Capitolo V, p.633

  7 Mullett, op. cit., p.104

  8 Ibid., p.105

  9 Ibid., p.131

10 Clark, op. cit., p.310

11 Mullett, op. cit., p.130

12 Clark, op. cit., p.310

13 Ibid., p.313

14 Mullett, op. cit., p.131

15 Bossy, op. cit., p.113

16 Ibid.

17 Mullett, op. cit., p.84

18 Ibid., p.86

19 Ibid., p.107

20 Ibid.

21 Mullett, op. cit., p.112

22 PF, Memoria Rerum, Vol. II, Capitolo IV, p.626

23 Mullett, op. cit., p.88

24 Daniel Defoe, A Tour Through the Island of Great Britain (Penguin), Vol. II, p.326

25 Ibid., p.421

26 Bossy, op. cit., p.324

27 Mullett, op. cit., p.91

28 Ibid., p.92

29 Schofield and Skinner, op. cit., p.35

30 Bossy, op. cit., p.131

31 Mullett, op. cit., p.156

32 Schofield and Skinner, op. cit., p.20

33 Mullett, op. cit., p.95

34 Ibid., p.97

35 Ibid., p.112

CHAPTER 16

Think of Them with Kindness

  1 M J Pittock, The Myth of the Jacobite Clans (Edinburgh University Press), p.48

  2 Nicholas Schofield, History of St Edmund’s College (St Edmund’s Association), p.15

  3 Mullett, op. cit., p.170

  4 Ibid., p.168

  5 Bossy, op. cit., p.36

  6 Mullett, op. cit., p.145

  7 WDA, Series A, Vol. XLI, 232

  8 Ibid.

  9 Schofield and Skinner, op. cit., p.46

10 Bossy, op. cit., p.185

11 Mullett, op. cit., p.180

12 Ibid., p.184

13 Ibid., p.189

14 Ibid., p.190

15 Ibid., p.174

16 Roy Hattersley, A Brand from the Burning (Little, Brown), p.197

17 Mullett, op. cit., p.146

18 AVCAU, Scr. 50/1b

19 Amherst, op. cit., p.63

20 WDA, Series A, Vol. XLI, 170

21 Schofield and Skinner, op. cit., p.40

22 WDA, op. cit., 173

23 Ibid., p.171

24 Ibid.

25 Amherst, op. cit., p.104

26 Ibid., p.109

27 Ibid., p.176

28 James Gordon, The Catholic Church in Scotland from the Suppression of the Hierarchy to the Present Time (Nabu Public Domain Reprints), p.590

29 Christopher Hibbert, King Mob (Longmans), p.22

30 Gilmour, op. cit., p.345

31 Mark Bence-Jones, The Catholic Families (Constable), p.22

32 Ibid., p.25

33 Hibbert, op. cit., p.21

34 Ibid., p.22

CHAPTER 17

A Species of Fanatical Phrenzy

  1 Hibbert, op. cit., p.14

  2 Ibid., p.23

  3 Hattersley (Brand from the Burning), op. cit., p.365

  4 Hibbert, op. cit., p.26

  5 Ibid., p.31

  6 Ibid., p.32

  7 Ibid., p.24

  8 Ibid., p.33

  9 WDA, Series A, Vol. XLI, 226

10 Hibbert, op. cit., p.43

11 Ibid., p.58

12 Ibid., p.61

13 Ibid., p.57

14 Mullett, op. cit., p.147

15 Amherst, op. cit., p.89

16 WDA, Series A, Vol. XLI, 225

17 Steven Watson, The Reign of George III (Oxford University Press), p.238

18 Mullett, op. cit., p.148

19 Bence-Jones, op. cit., p.460

20 Hibbert, op. cit., p.130

21 Hattersley (Brand from the Burning), op. cit., p.360

22 William Blanchard, The Trial of George Gordon Esq, Compiled from the Shorthand Writing of Mr William Blanchard (London, 1781)

CHAPTER 18

A Set of Secular Gentlemen

  1 Amherst, op. cit., p.151

  2 Bossy, op. cit., p.263

  3 Mullett, op. cit., p.163

  4 WDA, Series A, Vol. XLII, 120

  5 Schofield and Skinner, op. cit., p.48

  6 WDA, Series A, Vol. XLII, 4

  7 Schofield and Skinner, op. cit., p.52

  8 WDA, op. cit., 7

  9 Amherst, op. cit., p.171

10 Bossy, op. cit., p.334

11 Amherst, op. cit., p.174

12 Ibid., p.177

13 Ibid., p.191

14 Bernard Ward, The Eve of Catholic Emancipation (Longmans Green), Book I, p.5

15 Ibid., p.399

16 Ibid., p.50

17 Ibid., p.52

18 Ibid., p.54

19 Ibid., p.57

20 Mullett, op. cit., p.165

21 Ibid., p.150

22 Watson, op. cit., p.392

23 Ibid.

CHAPTER 19

The Most Jacobinical Thing

  1 Ward, op. cit., Book I, p.3

  2 Watson, op. cit., p.401

  3 Maurice R O’Connell, Daniel O’Connell: The Man and His Politics (Irish University Press), p.33

  4 Ward, op. cit., Book I, p.23

  5 Ibid., p.25

  6 Ibid., p.5

  7 Amherst, op. cit., Vol. I, p.287

  8 Ward, op. cit., Book I, p.390

  9 Ibid., p.42

10 Ibid., p.191

11 Amherst, op. cit., Vol. II, p.31

12 Ward, op. cit., Book I, p.103

13 Amherst, op. cit., Vol. II, p.34

14 Ward, op. cit., Book I, 112

15 Amherst, op. cit., p.30

16 Ibid., p.131

17 Ibid., p.133

18 AVCAU, Pl. I

19 Ibid.

20 Amherst, op. cit., p.141

21 AVCAU, Pl. I

22 Amherst, op. cit., p.153

23 Bossy, op. cit., p.304

24 Ward, op. cit., Book II, p.31

25 Ibid., p.37

26 Ibid.

27 Ibid., p.43

28 Ibid., p.46

29 Amherst, op. cit., p.118

30 Ward, op. cit., Book II, p.51

31 Ibid., p.100

32 Ibid., p.107

33 Ibid., p.141

34 Ibid., p.143

35 O’Connell, op. cit., p.39

36 Ibid., p.37

37 AVCAU, Scr. 55/6

38 G A Beck (ed.), The English Catholics 1850–1950 (Burns & Oates), p.482

39 Mullett, op. cit., p.179

40 Orthodox Journal, May 1818

41 Ibid., March 1816

42 Ward, op. cit., Book II, p.188

43 Ibid., p.190

44 Ibid., p.238

45 AVCAU, Scr. 59/5/12

46 Michael MacDonagh, The Life of Daniel O’Connell (Cassell), p.110

47 Ward, op. cit., Book II, p.220

48 Ibid., p.227

49 MacDonagh, op. cit., p.174

CHAPTER 20

A Halo of Brightness

  1 Wilfred Ward, Cardinal Wiseman (Longmans Green), p.46

  2 AVCAU, Scr. 76/4/14

  3 Ward (Wiseman), op. cit., p.215

  4 Ibid., p.216

  5 Beck, op. cit., p.475

  6 Rosemary Hill, God’s Architect (Penguin/Allen Lane), p.121

  7 Beck, op. cit., p.87

  8 Ward (Wiseman), op. cit., p.267

  9 Judith Champ, The English Pilgrimage to Rome (Gracewing), p.169

10 Oxford Concise Dictionary, p.1513

11 Robert Gray, Cardinal Manning (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), p.100

12 AVCAU, Scr. 70/1/47

13 DSCN 0566

14 Denis Gwynn, Cardinal Wiseman (Brown and Nolan), p.35

15 Ibid., p.55

16 Hill, op. cit., p.221

17 Ibid., p.311

18 Ward (Wiseman), op. cit., p.358

19 Hill, op. cit., p.311

20 Ibid., p.223

21 DSCN 0567, 0582

22 Ibid., 0573, 0575

23 Gwynn, op. cit., p.63

24 AVCAU, Scr. 70/1/56

25 Hill, op. cit., p.223

26 Ibid., p.237

27 AVCAU, Scr. 81/4/1

28 Ibid., 81/4/5

CHAPTER 21

From the Flaminian Gate

  1 Champ, op. cit., p.138

  2 Ward (Wiseman), op. cit., p.489

  3 Judith Champ, William Bernard Ullathorne (Gracewing), p.142

  4 Ibid., p.266

  5 Ibid., p.145

  6 Beck, op. cit., p.90

  7 Ward (Wiseman), op. cit., p.475

  8 Roger Swift, The Outcast Irish in the British Victorian City (Irish Historical Studies Publications), p.265

  9 Ibid., p.266

10 The Times, 21.1.47

11 M A G O’Tuathaigh, The Irish in Nineteenth-Century Britain (Cork University Press), p.155

12 Ibid., p.165

13 Swift, op. cit., p.274

14 WDA, Griffiths Papers

15 Ward (Wiseman), op. cit., p.521

16 Ibid., p.526

17 AVCAU, Scr. 76/2/3

18 The Times, 30.9.50

19 Ibid., 4.10.50

20 A N Wilson, Queen Victoria (Atlantic Books), p.150

21 Robert Blake, Disraeli (Eyre & Spottiswoode), p.300

22 Gwynn, op. cit., p.118

23 Beck, op. cit., p.483

24 Gwynn, op. cit., p.119

25 Ward (Wiseman), op. cit., p.550

26 Asa Briggs, Victorian People (Penguin), p.32

27 Gwynn, op. cit., p.124

28 Ibid.

29 AVCAU, Scr. 76/9/4

30 Briggs, op. cit., p.34

31 John Morley, Life of Gladstone (Macmillan), Vol. I, p.412

32 Briggs, op. cit., p.35

33 DSCN 0573, 0575

34 Ibid., 0592 0594

35 Morley, op. cit., p.270

36 Gwynn, op. cit., p.76

37 Ibid.

38 Ian Ker, John Henry Newman (Oxford University Press), p.5

39 Ibid., p.48

40 Dermot Mansfield, John Henry Newman (Veritas), p.26

41 Ker, op. cit., p.80

42 Ibid., p.81

43 Ibid.

44 Mansfield, op. cit., p.31

45 Lytton Strachey, Eminent Victorians (Continuum), p.21

46 Gray, op. cit., p.50

47 Ibid., p.34

48 Ibid., p.71

49 Sheridan Gilley, Newman and his Age (Darton, Longman & Todd), p.162

CHAPTER 22

Time is Short, Eternity is Long

  1 Gilley, op. cit., p.364

  2 AVCAU, Scr. 73/11

  3 Gilley, op. cit., p.212

  4 Ker, op. cit., p.280

  5 Mansfield, op. cit., p.64

  6 Ker, op. cit., p.313

  7 Gwynn, op. cit., p.70

  8 Ibid., p.72

  9 Gilley, op. cit., p.243

10 Mansfield, op. cit., p.67

11 Ker, op. cit., p.321

12 Mansfield, op. cit., p.77

13 Gilley, op. cit., p.260

14 Ker, op. cit., p.350

15 Ibid., p.360

16 AVCAU, Scr. 76/2/6

17 Ibid., 76/2/9

18 Ibid., 76/2/11

19 Gray, op. cit., p.125

20 Ibid., p.127

21 Ibid., p.132

22 Ibid., p.134

23 Ibid., p.139

24 Ibid., p.149

25 Daire Keogh and Albert McDonnell (eds), Cardinal Paul Cullen and His World (Four Courts Press), p.278

26 Ker, op. cit., p.384

27 AVCAU, Scr. 76/9/13

28 Mansfield, op. cit., p.111

CHAPTER 23

The State of Things in Ireland

  1 Desmond Bowen, Cardinal Paul Cullen and the Shaping of Modern Irish Catholicism (Wilfrid Laurier University Press), p.103

  2 Keogh and McDonnell, op. cit., p.147

  3 Ibid., p.151

  4 Ibid., p.139

  5 Ibid., p.28

  6 Ibid., p.166

  7 Ibid., p.169

  8 Ibid.

  9 Gray, op. cit., p.147

10 Beck, op. cit., p.268

11 Keogh and McDonnell, op. cit., p.170

12 Gray, op. cit., p.147

13 E I Watkin, Roman Catholicism in England from the Reformation to 1950 (Oxford University Press), p.177

14 Beck, op. cit., p.273

15 Ibid., p.275

16 John Belchem, Irish, Catholic and Scouse (Liverpool University Press), p.72

17 Ibid., p.74

18 Ibid., p.83

19 Ibid., p.86

20 Ibid., p.77

21 Beck, p.275

22 AVCAU, Scr. 76/2/9

23 Ibid., 70/10/6

24 Ibid., 7/2/48

25 Belchem, op. cit., p.77

26 Beck, op. cit., p.270

27 Gray, op. cit., p.217

28 Keogh and McDonnell, op. cit., p.24

CHAPTER 24

A Certain Cleavage

  1 AVCAU, Scr. 55/10

  2 Callum V Brown, The Social History of Religion in Scotland Since 1730 (Methuen), p.45

  3 John Devlin (ed.), Irish Immigration and Scottish Society in the Nineteenth Century, Proceedings of the Scottish Historical Society (John Donald Ltd), p.69

  4 Bernard Aspinwall, ‘The Formation of a Catholic Community in Western Scotland’, Innes Review, Vol. 33/35, p.48

  5 Ibid., p.44

  6 Devlin, op. cit., p.9

  7 PF, Memoria Rerum, Vol. VII, Capitolo III, p.243

  8 Aspinwall, op. cit., p.48

  9 Brown, op. cit., p.162

10 Devlin, op. cit., p.69

11Brown, op. cit., p.46

12 Aspinwall, op. cit., p.44

13 Brown, op. cit., p.162

14 Aspinwall, op. cit., p.48

15 Gordon, op. cit., p.480

16 Aspinwall, op. cit., p.49

17 PF, Memoria Rerum, op. cit., p.248

CHAPTER 25

‘Put Him There. Put Him There’

  1 Gray, op. cit., p.152

  2 Ibid., p.156

  3 Schofield (St Edmund’s College), op. cit., p.70

  4 Gray, op. cit., p.166

  5 Serenhedd James, Archbishop George Errington and the Battle for Catholic Identity in the Nineteenth Century (Oxford University Press), p.206

  6 Gray, op. cit., p.170

  7 Ibid., p.173

  8 James, op. cit. p.207

  9 Mansfield, op. cit., p.127

10 DSCN 0591

11 Gilley, op. cit., p.326

12 Mansfield, op. cit., p.140

13 Ker, op. cit., p.531

14 Ibid., p.535

15 Ibid., p.517

16 Ibid., p.542

17 Ibid.

18 Ibid., p.543

19 Rosemary Ashton, George Eliot (Hamish Hamilton), p.276

20 Gray, op. cit., p.175

21 Ker, op. cit., p.561

22 Beck, op. cit., p.477

23 Gray, op. cit., p.187

24 Ibid., p.185

25 Ibid., p.189

26 Champ, op. cit., p.293

27 Gray, op. cit., p.190

28 Ker, op. cit., p.362

29 Beck, op. cit., p.157

30 Gray, op. cit., p.202

31 WDA, Vol. II, 5.57

32 Ker, op. cit., p.579

33 Gray, op. cit., p.211

34 Strachey, op. cit., p.74

35 Gray, op. cit., p.215

36 Ibid., p.216

37 Ibid.

38 Ker, op. cit., p.610

39 Gray, op. cit., p.226

40 Champ, op. cit., p.368

41 Keogh & McDonnell, op. cit., p.58

42 Beck, op. cit., p.487

43 Gray, op. cit., p.234

44 Morley, op. cit., Vol. II, p.516

45 The Times, 7.11.74

46 Gray, op. cit., p.248

47 Ker, op. cit., p.681

CHAPTER 26

The Very Salt of Life

  1 Shane Leslie, Manning: His Life and Labours (Burns & Oates), p.259

  2 Gray, op. cit., p.291

  3 Leslie, op. cit., p.204

  4 Gray, op. cit., p.224

  5 Roy Jenkins, Gladstone (Macmillan), p.317

  6 Oliver P Rafferty (ed.), Irish Catholic Identities (Manchester University Press), p.243

  7 Beck, op. cit., p.159

  8 Gray, op. cit., p.300

  9 Rafferty, op. cit., p.249

10 Gray, op. cit., p.303

11 Ibid., p.243

12 Robert O’Neill, Cardinal Vaughan (Burns & Oates), p.332

13 Gray, op. cit., p.296

14 O’Neill, op. cit., p.362

15 Edmund Purcell, The Life of Cardinal Manning (Macmillan), p.345

16 Champ, op. cit., p.334

17 Gray, op. cit., p.239

18 Belchem, op. cit., p.90

19 Gray, op. cit., p.240

20 O’Neill, op. cit., p.339

21 Ker, op. cit., p.714

22 Gray, op. cit., p.264

23 AVCAU, Scr. 76/5/9

24 Ibid., 76/1/45

25 Ker, op. cit., p.716

26 Ibid., p.718

27 AVCAU, Scr. 75/9

28 Ker, op. cit., p.688

29 Ibid., p.690

30 The Tablet, 16.1.92

31 O’Neill, op. cit., p.334

32 Gray, op. cit., p.307

33 Hattersley (Lloyd George), op. cit., p.178

34 Gray, op. cit., p.313

35 O’Neill, op. cit., p.336

36 Hattersley (Lloyd George), op. cit., p.254

37 O’Neill, op. cit., p.304

38 The Tablet, 9.4.32

39 Stuart J Reid, Lord John Russell (Sampson Low, Marston and Co.), p.191

CHAPTER 27

That Flame Burns Again

  1 Ian Ker, The Catholic Revival in English Literature 1845–1961 (Gracewing), p.2

  2 Ibid., p.50

  3 Beck, op. cit., p.522

  4 Ker (Revival), op. cit., p.94

  5 Ibid.

  6 Ibid., p.77

  7 Ibid., p.65

  8 Ibid.

  9 A N Wilson, Hilaire Belloc (Mandarin), p.166

10 Ker (Revival), op. cit., p.73

11 Terry Tastard, Ronald Knox and English Catholicism (Gracewing), p.4

12 Ibid., p.51

13 Evelyn Waugh, The Life of the Right Reverend Ronald Knox (Chapman Hall), p.251

14 Ibid., p.261

15 Tastard, op. cit., p.113

16 Christopher Sykes, Evelyn Waugh (Penguin), p.156

17 Ker (Revival), op. cit., p.111

CHAPTER 28

Making Catholicism Count

  1 Tim Pat Coogan, Eamon de Valera (Harper Perennial), p.108

  2 Max Caulfield, The Easter Rebellion (Gill & Macmillan), p.180

  3 Robert Kee, The Green Flag (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), p.602

  4 Ibid., p.633

  5 Ibid., p.632

  6 Ibid., p.672

  7 John D Brewer and Gareth I Higgins, Anti-Catholicism in Northern Ireland: 1600–1998 (Macmillan Press), p.90

  8 Ibid.

  9 Ibid., p.98

10 David McKittrick and David McVea, Making Sense of the Troubles (Penguin Viking), p.11

11 Brewer and Higgins, op. cit., p.91

12 McKittrick and McVea, op. cit., p.9

13 Brewer and Higgins, op. cit., p.92

14 Ibid. (quoting Devlin Report)

15 Ibid., p.98

16 Oliver P Rafferty, Catholic Unionism: A Case Study (Phoenix), p.293

17 Ibid., p.302

18 Brewer and Higgins, op. cit., p.96

19 Ibid.

20 Ibid.

21 Ibid., p.100

22 D Kennedy, The Widening Gulf (Blackstaff Press), p.97

23 McKittrick and McVea, op. cit., p.14

24 Paul Bew and Gordon Gillespie, A Chronology of the Troubles (Gill & Macmillan), p.258

25 Ibid., p.39

26 McKittrick and McVea, op. cit., p.81

27 Belchem, op. cit., p.268

28 Ibid., p.195

29 Ibid., p.295

30 Ibid., p.293

31 Beck, op. cit., p.391

32 Belchem, op. cit., p.303

CHAPTER 29

The Needs of Our Age

  1 John O’Malley, What Happened at Vatican II (Belknap Press), p.58

  2 Ibid., p.64

  3 Ibid., p.69

  4 The Observer, 30.5.10

  5 James Carroll and Edward P Hahnenberg, Vatican II: The Essential Texts (Image Press), p.190

  6 The Tablet, 2.11.63

  7 O’Malley, op. cit., p.38

  8 The Tablet, 16.9.72

  9 Carroll and Hahnenberg, op. cit., p.191

10 Ibid., p.302

11 The Tablet, 7.12.63

12 O’Malley, op. cit., p.321

13 Ker (Revival), op. cit., p.202

14 Michael P Hornsby-Smith (ed.), Catholics in England 1950–2000 (Cassell), p.8

15 Ibid., p.34

16 Ibid., p.93

CHAPTER 30

‘Love is Love’

  1 Hornsby-Smith, op. cit., p.72

  2 Ibid., p.70

  3 Ibid.

  4 The Catholic Directory, 2011

  5 Ibid.

  6 The Times, 2.10.68

  7 Anthony Howard, Basil Hume: The Monk Cardinal (Hodder Headline), p.262

  8 The Tablet, 20.2.10

  9 Ibid.

10 Hornsby-Smith, op. cit., p.189

CHAPTER 31

Suffer Little Children

  1 The Tablet, 8.10.94

  2 Ibid., 17.12.94

  3 Ibid., 27.11.99

  4 Richard Scorer, Betrayed (Biteback), p.192

  5 Ibid., p.43

  6 Ibid., p.1

  7 The Tablet, 13.3.10

  8 The Guardian, 13.9.00

  9 Ibid., 8.11.97

10 Huffington Post, 24.7.14

11 The Tablet, 29.5.93

12 Ibid.

13 Scorer, op. cit., p.147

14 Cormac Murphy-O’Connor, An English Spring (Bloomsbury), p.144

15 Scorer, op. cit., p.188

16 Ibid., p.183

17 Howard, op. cit., p.257

18 Scorer, op. cit., p.192

19 Ibid., p.197

20 Ibid., p.209

21 Daily Telegraph, 25.2.13

22 Catholic Herald, 10.6.15

CHAPTER 32

And You Made Me Welcome

  1 The Times, 20.11.92

  2 Howard, op. cit., p.217

  3 Murphy-O’Connor, op. cit., p.133

  4 Howard, op. cit., p.322

  5 Ibid., p.224

  6 Steven Cavanaugh, Anglicans and the Roman Catholic Church (Ignatius), p.56

  7 Howard, op. cit., p.232

  8 Ibid., p.233

  9 The Tablet, 24.4.93

10 Cavanaugh, op. cit., p.57

11 Daily Telegraph, 23.1.11

12 Mission of the Church to Migrants in England and Wales

13 Catholic Herald, 31.12.07

14 Ekklesia, 29.1.08

15 Sunday Telegraph, 23.12.07

16 Ekklesia, op. cit.

17 The Tablet, 27.2.10

18 BBC bulletin, 22.02.06

19 The Tablet, 12.1.13

20 Ibid., 5.10.13

21 Daily Telegraph, 23.12.07