Johann Georg Albrechtsberger (1736–1809) was the Kapellmeister of St Stephen’s Cathedral who inherited Beethoven as a pupil from Haydn. Albrechtsberger gave Beethoven fugue and counterpoint lessons thrice weekly for over a year, later commenting on his pupil’s stubbornness while Beethoven derided his teacher’s compositions as ‘musical skeletons’. The portrait, dating from around 1800, is anonymous.

CREDIT: HULTON ARCHIVE / GETTY IMAGES