Endnotes

 

 

1 Historians are divided on Kautiliya’s identity. Many believe Chanakya and Kautiliya were one and the same person. Others disagree. In a tribute to both, the diplomatic enclave in New Delhi has been named Chanakyapuri.

2 Indian Administrative Service—the equivalent of the ICS after Independence.

3 The Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej and Beas.

4 The word “Mughal” or “Mogul,” a corruption of “Mongol,” was loosely applied to Muslims of Central Asian origin in India, and designates the Emperors of Delhi descended from Tamerlane, beginning with Babur (1526–30).

5 Hill dwellers in the Dogra region of Kashmir; despite the surnames of these two men, the dogras were not Sikhs.

6 Based on 1881 census figures which placed Punjab’s population at 22 million.

7 See footnote on page 129.

8 Dr. K.B. Hedgewar, Dr. B.S. Moonje, Dr. L.V. Paranjpe, Dr. B.B. Thalkar and Baburao Savarkar.

9 The complete award, including the boundaries of divided Bengal, was submitted on 13 August.