Index

Accum, Frederick
Adams, John
Addams, Jane
Adelphia
Adema, Pauline
Advertising Borden’s breakfast cereals Campbell Kids Julia Child corporate response to attacks Cracker Jack diet sodas Elsie the Cow expositions and fairs Gourmet Jolly Green Giant John Harvey Kellogg’s views on Will Kellogg’s views on Kraft McDonald’s C. W. Post’s campaign for Grape Nuts Quaker Oats Upton Sinclair’s views on snack foods supermarkets television advertising TV Dinners TVFN
African American food
Agatston, Arthur
Alcott, Bronson and Abba
Alcott, Louisa May
Alcott, William A.
Allen, Robert
Altria Group
American Dietetic Association
American Home Economics Association
American Indians. See Native American
American Soda Fountain Company
American War for Independence
Amherst College
Anaya, Ignacio (Nacho)
Anderson, Robert
Angell, Katharine
Apple, R. W., Jr.
Arctic Alaska Fisheries
Arepejou, Paul
Armour, J. Ogden
Armour, Philip
Armour and Company
Armour Refrigerator Line
Asing, Norman
Atkinson, Edward
Atwater, Wilbur O.
Austin, Jane G.

Barrett Foods
Bates, Caroline
Batterberry, Ariane and Michael
Battle Creek Sanitarium
Beard, James
Beck, Simone (Simca)
Belasco, Warren
Belin, Pierre
Beling, Stephanie
Belo
Benedict, Francis
Benepe, Barry
Berg, John
Bernstein, Albert and Meyer
Bertholle, Louisette
Bertolli, Paul
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Bioengineered food. See Transgenic food
Birdseye, Clarence
Bloor, Ella Reeve
Blot, Pierre
Boot, Henry
Borden, Gail
Borden, Inc.
Bosch, Carl
Boston Market
Bourdain, Anthony
Bourke, John G.
Bové, José
Bradbury, Ray
Bradford, William
Brice Corp.
Brillat-Savarin, Jean Anthelme
Brinkmeyer, William
Brody, Jane
Brotman, Jeffery
Broussais François J. V.
Brownscombe, Jennie Augusta
Bugnard, Max
Burger King

Cadbury Schweppes
Caldwell, Charles
Calgene Fresh Inc.
California Gold Rush
California Pizza Kitchen
Calories, and Atwater and weight loss programs
Campbell’s Campbell Soup - Company Joseph Campbell
Preserve Company
Canals Canal effects Middlesex Canal see also Erie Canal.
Canned food American Can Company Mason jar New York Condensed Milk Company. See Borden, Inc.
Cannon, Poppy
Cargill
Cascadian Farm
Cavett, Dick
Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI)
Cereal American Cereal Company Cereal Machine Company Corn Flakes Elijah’s Manna Granola Granula Grape-Nuts Toasted Corn Flakes Company
Chamberlain, Samuel and Narcissa
Chamberlain, Narcisse
Chancellor, John
Chase, Andrew
Chen, Joyce
Chez Panisse Foundation
Child, Julia Cercle des Gourmettes Early life The French Chef Mastering the Art of French Cooking and Russell Morash
Child, Paul
Chinese Americans and food
Chipotle Mexican Grill
Chittenden, Russell
Christian Science
Christmas
Churchwell, Thomas C.
Civil War and blockade of southern ports and canning and the Centennial Exposition Commissary Department Confederacy Confederates Gettysburg Homestead Act and McCormick’s reaper Morrill Land Grant College Act Nelson Morris and Pacific Railway Act and railroads and Upton Sinclair and Thanksgiving Union army Vicksburg
Claiborne, Craig
Cleveland, Grover
Clifford, Jack
Coca-Cola
Collet, Joseph
Colonial period advertising in and the American War for Independence bread in breakfast in Cookbooks French in Jamestown Pilgrims Plymouth Plantation Puritans slaves and thanksgiving
Colony Communications
Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)
ConAgra
Connelly, Robin
Continental Cablevision
Continuous processing
Cookbooks William Alcott’s Vegetable Diet James Beard’s Hors D’oeuvre and Canapés with a Key to the Cocktail Party Simone Beck’s Simca’s Cuisine and New Menus from Simca’s Cuisine Pierre Blot’s What to Eat and How to Cook It Julia Child et al., Mastering the Art of French Cooking Felix Déliée’s The Franco-American Cookery Book Joseph Donon’s Classic French Cuisine Fannie Farmer’s Boston Cooking-School Cook Book Fannie Farmer’s Chafing Dish Possibilities and Food and Cookery for the Sick and Convalescent Alessandro Filippini’s The Table Abby Fisher’s What Mrs. Fisher Knows about Old Southern Cooking Mollie Katzen’s The Moosewood Cookbook, Pretend Soup, Salad People, and Honest Pretzels Ella Kellogg’s Healthful Cookery Mary J. Lincoln’s Mrs Lincoln’s Boston Cook Book Earle MacAusland, The Gourmet Cook-book Pearl Metzelthin’s The World Wide Cook Book Menus and Recipes of 75 Nations Maria J. Moss’s Poetical Cook-Book National Cookery Book Jean Nidetch’s Weight Watchers Program Cookbook Richard Olney’s The French Menu Cookbook and Simple French Food Mary Randolph’s The Virginia House-wife Charles Ranhofer’s The Epicurean ; Irma Rombauer’s Joy of Cooking Sarah Tyson Rorer’s Recipes Used in the Illinois Corn Exhibit Model Kitchen Sarah Rutledge’s The Carolina House-wife Shredded Wheat cookbooklets Amelia Simmons’s American Cookery The Alice B. Toklas Cookbook Jeremiah Tower’s New American Classics and America’s Best Chefs Oscar Tschirky’s The Cook Book of Oscar of the Waldorf Alice Waters’s The Art of Simple Food Alice Waters’s The Chez Panisse Menu Cookbook Alice Waters’s Fanny at Chez Panisse
Cora, Cat
Corning, Warren
Corson, Juliet
Coudreaut, Dan
Countercultural food Anna Lappé Cascadian Farm Celestial Seasonings Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) Diet for a Small Planet Frances Moore Lappé Greenpeace Jeremy Rifkin Slow Food see also Organic food and Vegetarianism
Cracker Jack advertising Cracker Jack Company
Crick, Francis
Crowell, Henry
Culinary Foods
Culinary Institute of America (CIA) Greystone in the Napa Valley
Culinary magazines American Cookery Bon Appétit Boston Cooking-School Magazine Condé Nast Cook’s Magazine Epicurious.com see also Gourmet
Culinary Schools and Programs Boston Cooking School Cordon Bleu; Cornell’s School of Hotel Administration; Culinary Institute of America (CIA); Culinary School of Design; Dione Lucas Gourmet Cooking School; L’École des trois gourmandes; French Culinary Institute; Greystone; Hillcliff School of Cookery; Iowa Agricultural School; Johnson & Wales; Miss Farmer’s School of Cookery; New York Cooking School; Philadelphia Cooking School
Culinary Trust
Cullen, Michael J.
Cunningham, Marion
Cunningham, Stephen

David, Elizabeth
Davis, Adelle
Davis, William
De Gouy, Louis
Decré, Fred
Deere, John
Deering, William
Del Monte
Delicatessens (Delis)
Déliée, Felix
Delmonico, John and Peter
Delmonico, Lorenzo
Delmonico’s; and Baked Alaska; and Lobster Newberg
Depression; French cookery and; Gourmet and; Rodale and; Supermarkets and; Swanson and
DeVoto, Avis and Bernard
Diat, Louis
Dodge, Grenville
Donato’s Pizza
Donon, Joseph
Doolin, Elmer
Doyle, Mona
Dr Pepper
Drouant, Charles
Duhamel, P. Albert
DuPont

E. W. Scripps Company. See Scripts Howard
Earle, Parker
Eckstein, Henry G.
Eddy, Mary Baker
Edison, Thomas
Eli Lilly and Company
Ells, Steve
Emerson, Ralph Waldo
English, Todd
Environment; Carson, Rachel, Silent Spring; DDT; Environmental Defense Fund
Erie Canal; and Evans’s mill
Ermisch, Auguste
Escoffier, Auguste
Ethnic foods; see also African American food, Chinese Americans, German American food, Jewish American food, Native American food
Evans, Oliver; and Erie Canal
Evans’s Mill; and Erie Canal; and Sylvester Graham
Expositions and fairs; Boston Food Exposition; Centennial Exposition (Philadelphia); Century of Progress International Exposition (Chicago); Columbian Exposition (Chicago); Great Exhibition at the Crystal Palace (London); Louisiana Purchase Exposition (Saint Louis); New York World’s Fair; Pan American Exposition (Buffalo); Panama-Pacific International Exposition (San Francisco); Vienna Exposition ( Vienna)

Farmer, Fannie Merritt; Fannie Farmer’s Boston Cooking-School Cook Book; Miss Farmer’s School of Cookery
Feltman, Charles
Ferris, Jean Louis Gerome
Fertilizer; Atwater views of; Graham’s views of; organic; synthetic
Fessaguet, Roger
Filippini, Alessandro
Fisher, Abby
Fisher, Irving
Fisher, Jack
Fisher, M. F. K.
Flay, Bobby
Fleischmann, Maximilian
Fleischmann Company
Foerstner, George
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Food Network; and The French Chef; influence of
Ford, Henry
Ford Motor Company
Franey, Pierre
Franklin, Ben
French Culinary Institute
French food; Julia Child; Delmonico’s; Louisiana; Alice Waters
Frozen food; Clarence Birdseye; General Seafoods Company; TV Dinner; and World War II,
Fruitlands
Fuller, Margaret
Fussell, Betty

Gabaccia, Donna
Gardner, Gayle
Garrison, William Lloyd
Gates, Bill
General Electric
General Foods; and Bird’s Eye Foods; formed; acquired by Philip Morris
General Mills
General Seafoods Company
German American food; Delicatessens (Delis); Auguste Ermisch; Nelson Morris; Frederick and Louis Rueckheim; Ferdinand Schumacher
Gerrard, Albert
Gilman, George F.
Giuliani, Donna Hanover
Godey’s Lady’s Book
Goldstein, Joyce
Gould, Stephen
Gourmet magazine; and review of Chez Panisse; and World War II
Graham, Sylvester; and bread; and Graham Crackers; and snack food; vegetarianism of
Greeley, Horace
Gregory, Elizabeth
Grigson, Jane

Haber, Fritz
Hale, Sarah Josepha; Northwood
Hall, Basil
Hamburgers; Hamburg steak; and McDonald’s; see also McDonald’s, Wendy’s, Burger King, Jack in the Box, In-N-Out Burger, White Castle, White Mana, and White Tower
Hamilton, Dorothy
Hammond, George
Harper, Mike
Hartford, George H.
Hearst, William Randolph
Heinz, H. J.; and Weightwatchers
Hemming, James
Henry, Patrick
Hershey, Milton S.
Hershey Company
Heston, William
Hires Root Beer
Hodgson, Adam
Holbrook, Mary Frances
Holly Farms
Horsford, Eben Norton
Houghton Mifflin
Howard, Sir Albert
Hudson Foods
Hull-House Kitchen
Hunt, Gaillard
Hydropathy

Immigrant influence on American food; Immigration Act of 1924, ; see also Chinese Americans, Jewish American food, Mexican American food, and German American food
In-N-Out Burger
Ingram, Edgar Waldo
International Association of Culinary Professionals (IACP)

Jack in the Box
Jackson, James Caleb; Granula
Jacobson, Michael
James Beard Foundation
Jefferson, Thomas
Jewish American food
Johnson, Samuel
Jolliffe, Norman
Jones, Charles,
Jones, Judith
Jones Brothers Tea Company
Judd, Orange
Junk food. See Snack food

Kamp, David
Karcher, Carl
Katzen, Mollie
Kellogg Company
Kellogg, John Harvey; and Bellevue Hospital Medical College; vegetarianism of
Kellogg, John Preston
Kellogg, Will Keith; and Toasted Corn Flakes
Kelly, William
Kennedy, Diana
Kennedy, Jacqueline Bouvier
Kennedy, John F.
Kennedy, Joseph P.
Kentucky Fried Chicken
Kerr, Graham
Kimball, Christopher
Kirsch, Hyman
Knapp, Cleon
Knopf, Alfred; Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.
Koshland, Bill
Kraft, James L.
Kraft Foods; acquires Celestial Seasoning; Aventis Bt corn; merged with General Foods; mergers and spinoffs; Miracle Whip
Krimsky, Sheldon
Kroc, Ray; McDonald’s in Des Plaines, Illinois
Kuh, Patric
Kump, Peter
Kushi, Michio and Aveline

Lagasse, Emeril
Lakey, Alice
LaLanne, Jack
Langhan, Joe
Lappé, Anna
Lappé, Frances Moore
Leach, Robin
Levy, Ken
Lewis, Dio
Lewis, Paul
Lewis, Tillie
Liebig, Justus von
Lincoln, Abraham
Lincoln, Mary J.
Lindlahr, Victor
Lippert, Albert
Lippert, Felice
Lippincott, Charles
Lockwood, Ruth
Loma Linda Sanitarium
London, Jack
Luxembourg, Artal

M&M Company
MacAusland
Macfadden, Bernarr
Mackey, John
Mallard’s Food Products
Manz, Esther
Marryat, Frederick
Mars, Forest
Mars, Frank
Mars, Inc.
Marshall, James W.
Marshall, Laurence
Martone, Christopher
Maryanski, Jim
Mathews, Mary
Mayer, Oscar
McCarty Farms
McCormick, Cyrus; and the Great Exhibition at the Crystal Palace
McCormick, Robert Hall
McDanield, H. F.
McDonald, Richard and Maurice
McDonald’s restaurants; Hamburger University; McDonaldization
McInnerney, Thomas
McKinley, William
McNamee, Thomas
Meat Inspection Act
Mechanization; the reaper
Mendelson, Anne
Metcalfe, William
Methodist Episcopal Church
Metzelthin, Pearl
Mexican American food; Chipotle Mexican Grill; Mex-Tex; Sonoran cookery; Taco Bell; Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Mexican-American War
Meyer, Danny
Meyzen, Robert
Microwave oven; Amana; Hotpoint; Kelvinator; Radarange; Raytheon; Tappan; Westinghouse; Whirlpool
Miller, Mark
Ming, Chum
Monsanto, and bioengineering; and saccharin
Montagné, Prosper
Morash, Russell
Morris and Company
Morris, Gaebe
Morris, Nelson
Moss, Maria J.
Moullé, Jean-Pierre
Moulton, Sara
Müller, Paul
Myhren, Trygve

Nabisco
National Association of State Dairy and Food Departments
National Dairy Products
National Organic Standards Board
National Packers Association
National Research Council
Native American food
Navistar International
Neill, Charles P.
New England Kitchen
Niblo, William
Nichols, Thomas Low
Nicholson, Asenath
Nidetch, Jean
North American Vegetarian Society
Norworth, Jack
Nutrition; in bread; and countercultural food; Dietary Guidelines for Americans; Dietary reference intakes (DRI); and diets; Food and Nutrition Board; and Sylvester Graham; nutritional standards during World War II Recommended dietary allowances (RDA); research; and snack food

O’Gorman, Pat
Obesity
Ocean Spray Cranberries
Ocinomled
Ogura, Keishi
Olmsted, Frederick Law
Olney, Richard
Organic food; National Organic Standards Board; organic fertilizer; Organic Gardening
Ovens; Aladdin Oven; Maxson Whirlwind; Microwave; Pizza ovens; thermostats; and TV Dinners

Packaging; cheese; continuous packaging; Cracker Jack; frozen food; Jolly Green Giant; microwave ovens; nutrient standards; potato chips; problems with canned goods; Quaker Oats; TV Dinners; waste
Paddleford, Clementine
Paine, Martyn
Palmer, Charlie
Parsiot, Pierre Fourier
Pennsylvania Temperance Society
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA)
Pépin, Jacques; Julia and Jacques: Cooking at Home
PepsiCo
Perkins, Wilma Lord
Perky, Henry D.
Pesticides; DDT
Peters, Lulu Hunt
Phenix Cheese Company
Philip Morris USA; see also Altria Group
Pillsbury
Pizza Hut
Planter’s Peanuts
Polk, James K.
Poole, Ernest
Posilac
Post, Charles
Post, Marjorie Merriweather
Postum
Powell, Horace
Powers, Stephen
Prohibition
Puck, Wolfgang
Pure Food and Drugs Act

Quaker Oats; advertising; packaging, ; Quaker Oats Company
Quaker State Food Corporation

Radcliffe, Irene
Railroads; Central Pacific Railroad; Michigan Central Railroad; Pacific Railway Act; Transcontinental Railroad; Union Pacific Railroad
Randall, John
Randolph, Mary
Ranhofer, Charles
Ray, Rachael
Raytheon
Reaper; and the Civil War
Reardon, Joan
Reinhold, Ralph
Renaud, Cyril
Restaurants; Astor; Bank Coffee House; Café de Paris; La Caravelle; Le Chantilly; Chez Panisse; La Côte Basque; Delmonico’s; Essex House; Fleur de Sel; Howard Johnson’s; Louisiana’s Creole Kitchen; Ma Mason; Macao and Woosung; Moosewood Restaurant; New Haven Restaurant Association; New Haven Restaurant Institute; Niblo’s Garden; Le Pavillon; La Poinière; Ritz-Carlton; San Antonio Chili Stand; Spago; Stars; Tommaso’s; Union Square Café; Vienna Café; Waldorf-Astoria; White Horse Inn; see also fast food chains: Burger King, California Pizza Kitchen, Chipotle Mexican Grill, Donato’s Pizza, In-N-Out Burger, Jack in the Box, Kentucky Fried Chicken, McDonald’s, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, Wendy’s, White Castle, White Mana, and White Tower
Revolutionary War. See American War for Independence
Reynolds, James
Richards, Ellen
Rifkin, Jeremy
Rimmer, Leopold
Ripperger, Helmut
Ritzer, George
RJR Nabisco; see also Nabisco
Rodale, Jerome I.
Rodale Institute; Organic Gardening
Rodgers, Judy
Romano, Michael
Rombauer, Irma
Roosevelt, Franklin
Roosevelt, Theodore
Rorer, Sarah Tyson
Rosa, Edward
Rose, Robert Hugh
Rosengarten, David
Rosenthal, Barry
Roth, Frances
Rubner, Max
Rueckheim, Frederick and Louis
Ruggerio, David
Rumford Chemical Works
Russell, Charles Edward
Rutledge, Sarah
Rydell, Robert

Sailhac, Alain
Sailland, Maurice Edmond (Curnonsky)
Sala, George
Sanitas Nut Food Company
Santamaría, Francisco J.
Saunders, Clarence
Scheer, Robert
Schlosser, Eric
Schonfeld, Reese
Schumacher, Ferdinand
Scripps, Howard (E. W. Scripps Company)
Scudder, Laura
Sears, Barry
See, Mary and Charles
Seven-Day Adventist
Seward, William H.
Shapiro, Laura
Sheed, Wilfred
Shere, Lindsey
Sherman, William T.
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Shew, Joel
Shredded Wheat; Shredded Wheat Company
Simmons, Amelia
Simons, Algie Martin
Sinclair, Upton; The Jungle
Sinegal, James
Skaggs, Marion
Smith. Compton
Smith, Jeff
Snack food; candy; cookies; peanuts; popcorn; potato chips; pretzels; see also Cracker Jack
Socialist Party
Sokolow, Jayme A.
Soulé, Henri
Spanish-American War
Spencer, Percy
Stacy’s Pita Chip Company
Standard Candy Company
Stanford, Leland
Stillman, Irving
Stouffer’s; Stouffer’s Lean Cuisine
Straus, Gladys Guggenheim
Sullivan, John
Supermarkets; A&P; Ahold; Alpha Beta; Central Market; Costco; Fiesta Mart; Grand Union; Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company; King Kullen; Kroger; McDaniel’s; Piggly-Wiggly; Ralph’s Grocery Company; Safer Way; Safeway; Supervalu; Trader Joe’s; Triangle Grocerteria; Von’s; Wal-Mart; Whole Foods
Sutter, John
Swanson, Carl
Swanson, Clarke
Swanson, Gilbert
Swift, Gustavus
Swift and Company
Sysco

Tab
Taco Bell
Taft, William Howard
Take Off Pounds Sensibly (TOPS)
Takeshi, Kaga
Tarnower, Herman
Tasti-Diet Foods
Tatnall, Joseph
Taubes, Gary
Taylor, Nathaniel Alston
Television; advertising; James Beard; Anthony Bourdain; Julia Child; Dione Lucas’s Cooking Show; Elsie Presents; Food Network;The Galloping Gourmet; I Love to Cook!; Julia and Jacques: Cooking at Home; Kraft; Emeril Lagasse; Jack LaLanne; PBS; Jacques Pépin; Television Dinner;Weight Watcher’s; WGBH
Temperance, and Sylvester Graham; and the Centennial World’s Fair
Thanksgiving
Thillmont, Claude
Thomas, Gerry
Thomas, Lately
Thomas J. Lipton Company
Time Warner
Tower, Jeremiah
Trall, Russell T.
Transgenic food; Bt corn; Calgene; Canola; DuPont; DuPont’s Pioneer Hi-Bred International; Flavr Savr; Frankenfood; Monsanto; Posilac; Recombinant bovine somatotropin (rBST); StarLink; Tomato Genetics Cooperative; Tomato Genetics Stock Center
Tsai, Ming
Tschirky, Oscar
Tufts, James W.
Turner, Ted
TV Dinner
Tyson, John
Tyson Foods

Underwood, William
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); Hatch Act; Meat Inspection Act; Office of Experiment Stations; Office of Home Economics; Smith-Lever Act
Urvater, Michele

Vanderbilt, Cornelius
Vegetarianism; and Sylvester Graham; and John Harvey Kellogg; North American Vegetarian Society; Vegetarian Times
Verdon, René
Voit, Carl
Von der Ahe, Charles

W. L. Maxson Corporation
War of 1812,
Ward, Artemas
Washington, George
Waters, Alice; Alice Waters’s The Art of Simple Food; Alice Water’s Fanny at Chez Panisse
Watson, James
Watson, Lyall
Waxman, Jonathan
Wechsberg, Joseph
Weight loss products; Acesulfame; Aspartame; Benzedrine; Cyclamates; Dexatrim; Dexedrine; Diet-Rite Cola; Dinitrophenol (DNP); Fen-phen; Healthy Choice; Lean Cuisine; Metrecal; Olean; Olestra; Phenylpropanolamine (PPA); Saccharin; Slim-Fast; Splenda; Sucralose; Sunett; Sweet N Low; Sweet One; Sweet Success
Weight organizations and diets; Hollywood Diet; Jenny Craig; NutriSystem; Overeaters Anonymous (OA); Take Off Pounds Sensibly (TOPS); Weight Watchers
Wenberg, Ben
Wendy’s
Wheat; Colonial; Erie Canal and; Sylvester Graham’s view on; Granose Flakes; Grape Nuts; McCormick’s reaper; milling of; puffed wheat; Shredded Wheat; wheat rocks; Wheaties
White, Ellen G.
White Castle
White Mana
White Tower
Whitehead, Jessup
Wiley, John Harvey
William Underwood Company
Williams Brothers
Wilson, Justin
Winslow, Edward
Wolfert, Paula
Women’s Education Association
World War I
World War II, Cracker Jack; frozen food during; Gourmet; hamburgers; immigration; Kraft cheese; microwave ovens; New York World’s Fair; nutritional standards during; Organic Gardening; potato chips; rationing during; restaurants; supermarkets; Sweet N Low; women in the workforce

Yan, Martin
Yim, Cheong
Young, Alexander
Yum! Brands