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Index
Cover image Title page Table of Contents Copyright Navigate the text by colour Preface Acknowledgements Contributors Reviewers SECTION ONE: Concepts in nursing practice
Chapter 1: The importance of nursing
The evolution of nursing as an essential service in Australia and New Zealand Professional teamwork Nursing knowledge Nursing research Nursing care planning Conclusion  
Chapter 2: Culturally competent care
Culture Cultural competence Health disparities and the social determinants of health Cultural and ethnic differences in illness and treatment Social and spiritual elements of health and illness care The role of the nurse in reducing health disparities The importance of documenting nursing care  
Chapter 3: Health history and physical examination
Data collection Nursing history: subjective data Physical examination: objective data Problem identification and nursing diagnoses  
Chapter 4: Health promotion and patient education
Defining health Determinants of health Health for all Teaching–learning process Process of patient education  
Chapter 5: Older adults
Demographics of ageing Attitudes towards ageing Adult development Biological ageing theories Age-related physiological changes Special older adult populations Social support and the older adult Social services for the older adult Funding Care alternatives for older adults Legal and ethical issues Culturally competent care: older adults  
Chapter 6: Community-based nursing care
Factors influencing change in the healthcare system Community-based nursing Community care settings Client care Community-based nursing skills and attributes Hospice care  
Chapter 7: Complementary and alternative therapies
Complementary and alternative medicine Alternative medical systems Mind–body interventions Biological-based therapies Manipulative and body-based methods Energy and biofield therapies Summary  
Chapter 8: Pain management
Magnitude of the pain problem Pain experience Definitions and dimensions of pain Cognitive, affective, behavioural and sociocultural responses to pain Pain mechanisms Classification of pain Pain assessment Pain treatment Institutionalising pain education and management Ethical issues in pain management Patients unable to self-report pain International perspectives  
Chapter 9: Palliative care
Introduction Palliative care definitions Palliative care contexts Physical manifestations at the end of life Psychosocial manifestations at the end of life Grief Culturally competent palliative care Spiritually appropriate palliative care Legal and ethical issues affecting palliative care Standards and guidelines for palliative care practice Special needs of caregivers in palliative care  
Chapter 10: Substance use and dependency
Overview of addictive behaviours STIMULANTS Nicotine Cocaine Amphetamines Caffeine DEPRESSANTS Alcohol Sedatives Opioids CANNABIS HALLUCINOGENS INHALANTS (SOLVENTS)  
Chapter 11: Rural and remote area nursing
Introduction Definitions of rural and remote areas Remote area and rural nursing History of remote area healthcare services in Australia Indigenous health in New Zealand Health definitions and determinants Primary Health Care approach Characteristics of remote area and rural nursing Advanced practice Collaborative practice Professional support for rural and remote area nurses Remote area nurse model of consultation Rewards of working in rural and remote area nursing Education pathways for remote and rural nurses Future of remote area and rural nursing  
SECTION TWO: Pathophysiological mechanisms of disease
Chapter 12: NURSING MANAGEMENT: inflammation and wound healing
Inflammatory response Healing process Pressure ulcers  
Chapter 13: Genetics, altered immune responses and transplantation
Genetics Stem cells Normal immune response Altered immune response Allergic disorders Autoimmunity Immunodeficiency disorders Human leucocyte antigen system Organ transplantation Graft-versus-host disease  
Chapter 14: NURSING MANAGEMENT: infection and human immunodeficiency virus infection
Infections Human immunodeficiency virus infection  
Chapter 15: Cancer
Biology of cancer Classification of cancer Prevention of cancer Diagnosis of cancer Multidisciplinary care Haematopoietic growth factors Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation Gene therapy Complications resulting from cancer Management of cancer pain Psychological support Cancer survivorship  
Chapter 16: NURSING MANAGEMENT: fluid, electrolyte and acid–base imbalances
Homeostasis Water content of the body Electrolytes Mechanisms controlling fluid and electrolyte movement Fluid movement in capillaries Fluid movement between extracellular fluid and intracellular fluid Fluid spacing Regulation of water balance FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES Extracellular fluid volume imbalances Sodium imbalances Potassium imbalances Calcium imbalances Phosphate imbalances Magnesium imbalances Acid–base imbalances Assessment of fluid, electrolyte and acid–base imbalances Oral fluid and electrolyte replacement Intravenous fluid and electrolyte replacement CENTRAL VENOUS ACCESS DEVICES  
SECTION THREE: Perioperative care
Chapter 17: NURSING MANAGEMENT: preoperative care
Surgical settings Patient interview Nursing assessment of the preoperative patient Culturally competent care: preoperative patient  
Chapter 18: NURSING MANAGEMENT: intraoperative care
The physical environment of the operating room suite Surgical team Anaesthesia Catastrophic events in the operating room New and future considerations  
Chapter 19: NURSING MANAGEMENT: postoperative care
POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT IN THE POSTANAESTHESIA RECOVERY UNIT Fast-tracking Postanaesthesia recovery unit admission Potential alterations in respiratory function Potential alterations in cardiovascular function Potential alterations in neurological function Pain and discomfort Hypothermia Nausea and vomiting Surgical-specific care of the patient in the PARU Discharge from the PARU Potential alterations in respiratory function Potential alterations in cardiovascular function Potential alterations in urinary function Potential alterations in gastrointestinal function Potential alterations of the integument Pain and discomfort Potential alterations in temperature Potential alterations in psychological function Planning for discharge and follow-up care  
SECTION FOUR: Problems related to altered sensory input
Chapter 20: NURSING ASSESSMENT: visual and auditory systems
THE VISUAL SYSTEM Structures and functions of the visual system Assessment of the visual system Diagnostic studies of the visual system THE AUDITORY SYSTEM Structures and functions of the auditory system Assessment of the auditory system Diagnostic studies of the auditory system  
Chapter 21: NURSING MANAGEMENT: visual and auditory problems
VISUAL PROBLEMS Correctable refractive errors Uncorrectable vision impairment Eye trauma EXTRAOCULAR DISORDERS Inflammation and infection Dry eye disorders Strabismus Corneal disorders INTRAOCULAR DISORDERS Cataracts Retinopathy Retinal detachment Age-related macular degeneration Glaucoma Intraocular inflammation and infection Enucleation Ocular manifestations of systemic diseases EXTERNAL EAR AND CANAL Trauma External otitis Cerumen and foreign bodies in the external ear canal Malignancy of the external ear MIDDLE EAR AND MASTOID Acute otitis media Chronic otitis media and mastoiditis Chronic otitis media with effusion Otosclerosis INNER EAR PROBLEMS Ménière’s disease Labyrinthitis Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Acoustic neuroma Hearing loss and deafness  
Chapter 22: NURSING ASSESSMENT: integumentary system
Structures and functions of the skin and appendages Assessment of the integumentary system Diagnostic studies of the integumentary system  
Chapter 23: NURSING MANAGEMENT: integumentary problems
Health promotion MALIGNANT SKIN NEOPLASMS Risk factors Non-melanoma skin cancers Malignant melanoma DERMATOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Skin infections and infestations Allergic dermatological problems Benign dermatological problems Diseases with dermatological manifestations MULTIDISCIPLINARY CARE: DERMATOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Cosmetic procedures Skin grafts  
Chapter 24: NURSING MANAGEMENT: burns
Health promotion Types of burn injury Classification of burn injuries PHASES OF BURN MANAGEMENT Pre-hospital care Emergent phase Acute phase Rehabilitation phase Emotional needs of the patient and family Special needs of the nursing staff Nursing research issues  
SECTION FIVE: Problems of oxygenation: ventilation
Chapter 25: NURSING ASSESSMENT: respiratory system
Structures and functions of the respiratory system Assessment of the respiratory system Diagnostic studies of the respiratory system  
Chapter 26: NURSING MANAGEMENT: upper respiratory tract problems
STRUCTURAL AND TRAUMATIC DISORDERS OF THE NOSE Deviated nasal septum Nasal fracture Rhinoplasty Epistaxis INFLAMMATION AND INFECTION OF THE NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES Allergic rhinitis Acute viral rhinitis Influenza Sinusitis DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF THE PARANASAL SINUSES Polyps Foreign bodies PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE PHARYNX Acute pharyngitis Peritonsillar abscess Obstructive sleep apnoea PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE TRACHEA AND LARYNX Airway obstruction Tracheostomy Laryngeal polyps Head and neck cancer  
Chapter 27: NURSING MANAGEMENT: lower respiratory tract problems
LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS Acute bronchitis Pneumonia Tuberculosis Atypical mycobacteria Pulmonary fungal infections Bronchiectasis Lung abscess Environmental lung diseases Lung cancer Other types of lung tumours CHEST TRAUMA AND THORACIC INJURIES Pneumothorax Fractured ribs Flail chest Chest tubes and pleural drainage Chest surgery RESTRICTIVE RESPIRATORY DISORDERS Pleural effusion Pleurisy Atelectasis INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Sarcoidosis VASCULAR LUNG DISORDERS Pulmonary oedema Pulmonary embolism PULMONARY HYPERTENSION Primary pulmonary arterial hypertension Secondary pulmonary hypertension Cor pulmonale Lung transplantation  
Chapter 28: NURSING MANAGEMENT: obstructive pulmonary diseases
Asthma Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cystic fibrosis Bronchiectasis  
SECTION SIX: Problems of oxygenation: transport
Chapter 29: NURSING ASSESSMENT: haematological system
Structures and functions of the haematological system Assessment of the haematological system Diagnostic studies of the haematological system  
Chapter 30: NURSING MANAGEMENT: haematological problems
Anaemia ANAEMIA CAUSED BY DECREASED ERYTHROCYTE PRODUCTION Iron-deficiency anaemia Thalassaemia Megaloblastic anaemias Anaemia of chronic disease Aplastic anaemia ANAEMIA CAUSED BY BLOOD LOSS Acute blood loss Chronic blood loss ANAEMIA CAUSED BY INCREASED ERYTHROCYTE DESTRUCTION Sickle cell disease Acquired haemolytic anaemia Haemochromatosis Polycythaemia PROBLEMS OF HAEMOSTASIS Thrombocytopenia Haemophilia and von Willebrand’s disease Disseminated intravascular coagulation Neutropenia Myelodysplastic syndrome Leukaemia LYMPHOMAS Hodgkin’s lymphoma Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas Multiple myeloma Disorders of the spleen Blood component therapy  
SECTION SEVEN: Problems of oxygenation: perfusion
Chapter 31: NURSING ASSESSMENT: cardiovascular system
Structures and functions of the cardiovascular system Assessment of the cardiovascular system Diagnostic studies of the cardiovascular system  
Chapter 32: NURSING MANAGEMENT: hypertension
Normal regulation of blood pressure Hypertension Hypertensive crisis  
Chapter 33: NURSING MANAGEMENT: coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE Risk factors for coronary artery disease Clinical manifestations Multidisciplinary care Diagnostic studies ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME Clinical manifestations Diagnostic studies Multidisciplinary care SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH  
Chapter 34: NURSING MANAGEMENT: heart failure
Heart failure Cardiac transplantation  
Chapter 35: NURSING MANAGEMENT: ECG monitoring and arrhythmias
Rhythm identification and treatment ECG changes associated with acute coronary syndrome Syncope  
Chapter 36: NURSING MANAGEMENT: inflammatory and structural heart disorders
INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS OF THE HEART Infective endocarditis Acute pericarditis Chronic constrictive pericarditis Myocarditis Rheumatic fever and heart disease VALVULAR HEART DISEASE Mitral valve stenosis Mitral regurgitation Mitral valve prolapse Aortic stenosis Aortic regurgitation TRICUSPID AND PULMONIC VALVE DISEASE CARDIOMYOPATHY Dilated cardiomyopathy Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Restrictive cardiomyopathy  
Chapter 37: NURSING MANAGEMENT: vascular disorders
PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE Carotid artery disease DISORDERS OF THE AORTA Aortic aneurysms Aortic dissection Peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities Acute arterial ischaemic disorders Thromboangiitis obliterans Raynaud’s phenomenon DISORDERS OF THE VEINS Venous thrombosis Superficial thrombophlebitis Deep vein thrombosis Varicose veins Chronic venous insufficiency and venous leg ulcers Acknowledgement  
SECTION EIGHT: Problems of ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination
Chapter 38: NURSING ASSESSMENT: gastrointestinal system
Structures and functions of the gastrointestinal system Assessment of the gastrointestinal system Diagnostic studies of the gastrointestinal system  
Chapter 39: NURSING MANAGEMENT: nutritional problems
Nutrition Normal nutrition Special diets: vegetarian diet Malnutrition Types of specialised nutrition support Eating disorders Culturally competent care: nutrition  
Chapter 40: NURSING MANAGEMENT: obesity
Obesity Health risks associated with obesity Multidisciplinary care Collaborative surgical therapy Metabolic syndrome  
Chapter 41: NURSING MANAGEMENT: upper gastrointestinal problems
Nausea and vomiting Oral inflammations and infections Oral cancer OESOPHAGEAL DISORDERS Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease Hiatus hernia Oesophageal cancer Other oesophageal disorders DISORDERS OF THE STOMACH AND UPPER SMALL INTESTINE Gastritis Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Peptic ulcer disease Gastric cancer Food poisoning  
Chapter 42: NURSING MANAGEMENT: lower gastrointestinal problems
Diarrhoea Faecal incontinence Constipation Acute abdominal pain CHRONIC ABDOMINAL PAIN Irritable bowel syndrome Abdominal trauma INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS Appendicitis Peritonitis Gastroenteritis Inflammatory bowel disease Intestinal obstruction Polyps of the large intestine Colorectal cancer Ostomy surgery Diverticulosis and diverticulitis Hernias MALABSORPTION SYNDROME Coeliac disease Lactase deficiency Short-bowel syndrome Gastrointestinal stromal tumours ANORECTAL PROBLEMS Haemorrhoids Anal fissure Anorectal abscess Anal fistula Pilonidal sinus  
Chapter 43: NURSING MANAGEMENT: liver, pancreas and biliary tract problems
Jaundice DISORDERS OF THE LIVER Hepatitis AETIOLOGY Toxic and drug-induced hepatitis Autoimmune/metabolic/genetic liver diseases Cirrhosis of the liver Fulminant hepatic failure Liver cancer Liver transplantation DISORDERS OF THE PANCREAS Acute pancreatitis Chronic pancreatitis Pancreatic cancer DISORDERS OF THE BILIARY TRACT Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis Gall bladder cancer  
SECTION NINE: Problems of urinary function
Chapter 44: NURSING ASSESSMENT: urinary system
Structure and function of the urinary system Assessment of the urinary system Diagnostic studies  
Chapter 45: NURSING MANAGEMENT: renal and urological problems
INFECTIOUS AND INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS OF URINARY SYSTEM Urinary tract infections Acute pyelonephritis Chronic pyelonephritis Urethritis Urethral diverticula Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome Renal tuberculosis IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDERS OF THE KIDNEY Glomerulonephritis IgA mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis Goodpasture’s syndrome Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis Chronic glomerulonephritis Nephrotic syndrome OBSTRUCTIVE UROPATHIES Urinary tract calculi Strictures RENAL TRAUMA RENAL VASCULAR PROBLEMS Nephrosclerosis Renal artery stenosis Renal vein thrombosis HEREDITARY RENAL DISEASES Polycystic kidney disease Medullary cystic disease Alport’s syndrome RENAL INVOLVEMENT IN METABOLIC AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES URINARY TRACT TUMOURS Kidney cancer Bladder cancer Urinary retention Urinary incontinence Instrumentation SURGERY OF THE URINARY TRACT Renal and ureteral surgery Urinary diversion  
Chapter 46: NURSING MANAGEMENT: acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease
Acute kidney injury Chronic kidney disease DIALYSIS General principles of dialysis Peritoneal dialysis Haemodialysis Continuous renal replacement therapy Kidney transplantation  
SECTION TEN: Problems related to regulatory and reproductive mechanisms
Chapter 47: NURSING ASSESSMENT: endocrine system
Structures and functions of the endocrine system Assessment of the endocrine system Diagnostic studies of the endocrine system  
Chapter 48: NURSING MANAGEMENT: diabetes mellitus
DIABETES MELLITUS Normal glucose metabolism Type 1 diabetes mellitus Type 2 diabetes mellitus Gestational diabetes Secondary diabetes Complications Diagnostic studies MULTIDISCIPLINARY CARE Drug therapy: insulin Drug therapy: oral agents Nutritional therapy Exercise Monitoring blood glucose New developments in diabetic therapy Culturally competent care: diabetes mellitus Acute complications of diabetes mellitus Diabetic ketoacidosis Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic non-ketotic syndrome Hypoglycaemia Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus Angiopathy Diabetic retinopathy Nephropathy Neuropathy Complications of the feet and lower extremities Integumentary complications Infection  
Chapter 49: NURSING MANAGEMENT: endocrine problems
DISORDERS OF THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND Growth hormone excess Excesses of other trophic hormones Hypofunction of the pituitary gland DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE SECRETION Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone Diabetes insipidus DISORDERS OF THE THYROID GLAND Thyroid enlargement Thyroid nodules Thyroiditis Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism DISORDERS OF THE PARATHYROID GLANDS Hyperparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism DISORDERS OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX Cushing’s syndrome Adrenocortical insufficiency Corticosteroid therapy Hyperaldosteronism DISORDERS OF THE ADRENAL MEDULLA Phaeochromocytoma  
Chapter 50: NURSING ASSESSMENT: reproductive system
Structures and functions of the male and female reproductive systems Assessment of male and female reproductive systems Diagnostic studies of reproductive systems  
Chapter 51: NURSING MANAGEMENT: breast disorders
Assessment of breast disorders BENIGN BREAST DISORDERS Mastalgia Breast infections Fibrocystic changes Fibroadenoma Nipple discharge Gynaecomastia Breast cancer Culturally competent care: breast cancer Mammoplasty  
Chapter 52: NURSING MANAGEMENT: sexually transmitted infections
Sexually transmitted infections BACTERIAL INFECTIONS Gonorrhoea Syphilis Chlamydia infections VIRAL INFECTIONS Genital herpes Genital warts  
Chapter 53: NURSING MANAGEMENT: female reproductive problems
Infertility Abortion PROBLEMS RELATED TO MENSTRUATION Premenstrual syndrome Dysmenorrhoea Abnormal vaginal bleeding Ectopic pregnancy Perimenopause and postmenopause Culturally competent care: menopause CONDITIONS OF THE VULVA, VAGINA AND CERVIX Pelvic inflammatory disease Endometriosis BENIGN TUMOURS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Leiomyomas Cervical polyps Benign ovarian tumours CANCERS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Cervical cancer Endometrial cancer Ovarian cancer Vaginal cancer Vulvar cancer Surgical procedures Radiation therapy PROBLEMS WITH PELVIC SUPPORT Uterine prolapse Cystocele and rectocele Fistula Sexual assault  
Chapter 54: NURSING MANAGEMENT: male reproductive problems
PROBLEMS OF THE PROSTATE GLAND Benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostate cancer Prostatitis PROBLEMS OF THE PENIS Congenital problems Problems of the prepuce Problems of the erectile mechanism Cancer of the penis PROBLEMS OF THE SCROTUM AND TESTES Inflammatory and infectious problems Congenital problems Acquired problems Testicular cancer SEXUAL FUNCTIONING Vasectomy Erectile dysfunction Infertility  
SECTION ELEVEN: Problems related to movement and coordination
Chapter 55: NURSING ASSESSMENT: nervous system
Structure and function of the nervous system Assessment of the nervous system Diagnostic studies of the nervous system  
Chapter 56: NURSING MANAGEMENT: acute intracranial problems
Intracranial pressure Increased intracranial pressure Head injury Brain tumours Cranial surgery INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS OF THE BRAIN Bacterial meningitis Viral meningitis Encephalitis Brain abscess  
Chapter 57: NURSING MANAGEMENT: the patient with a stroke
Stroke  
Chapter 58: NURSING MANAGEMENT: chronic neurological problems
HEADACHE Tension-type headache Migraine headache Cluster headache Other types of headaches CHRONIC NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS Seizure disorders and epilepsy Multiple sclerosis Parkinson’s disease Myasthenia gravis Restless legs syndrome OTHER NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS Motor neuron disease Huntington’s disease  
Chapter 59: NURSING MANAGEMENT: delirium, dementia and Alzheimer’s disease
Delirium Dementia Alzheimer’s disease Other neurodegenerative diseases  
Chapter 60: NURSING MANAGEMENT: peripheral nerve and spinal cord problems
CRANIAL NERVE DISORDERS Trigeminal neuralgia Bell’s palsy POLYNEUROPATHIES Guillain-Barré syndrome Botulism Tetanus Neurosyphilis SPINAL CORD PROBLEMS Spinal cord trauma Spinal cord tumours Post-polio syndrome  
Chapter 61: NURSING ASSESSMENT: musculoskeletal system Chapter 62: NURSING MANAGEMENT: musculoskeletal trauma and orthopaedic surgery
SOFT-TISSUE INJURIES Sprains and strains Dislocation and subluxation Repetitive strain injury Carpal tunnel syndrome Rotator cuff injury Meniscus injury Bursitis Muscle spasms FRACTURES COMPLICATIONS OF FRACTURES Infection Compartment syndrome Venous thrombosis Fat embolism syndrome TYPES OF FRACTURES Colles’ fracture Fracture of the humerus Fracture of the pelvis Fracture of the hip Femoral shaft fracture Fracture of the tibia Stable vertebral fractures Facial fractures Mandible fracture Amputation COMMON JOINT SURGICAL PROCEDURES Indications for joint surgery Types of joint surgery  
Chapter 63: NURSING MANAGEMENT: musculoskeletal problems
Osteomyelitis Bone tumours Muscular dystrophy LOW BACK PAIN Acute low back pain Chronic low back pain Intervertebral lumbar disc damage NECK PAIN FOOT DISORDERS METABOLIC BONE DISEASES Osteomalacia Osteoporosis Paget’s disease  
Chapter 64: NURSING MANAGEMENT: arthritis and connective tissue diseases
ARTHRITIS Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid arthritis SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES Ankylosing spondylitis Psoriatic arthritis Reactive arthritis Septic arthritis Tick-borne infection Gout Systemic lupus erythematosus Systemic sclerosis Polymyositis and dermatomyositis Mixed (overlapping) connective tissue disease Sjögren’s syndrome SOFT-TISSUE RHEUMATIC SYNDROMES Myofascial pain syndrome Fibromyalgia syndrome Chronic fatigue syndrome  
SECTION TWELVE: Nursing care in specialised settings
Chapter 65: NURSING MANAGEMENT: critical care environment
Critical care nursing Culturally competent care: critical care patients Haemodynamic monitoring Circulatory assist devices Artificial airways Mechanical ventilation  
Chapter 66: NURSING MANAGEMENT: shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
Shock Systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome  
Chapter 67: NURSING MANAGEMENT: respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Acute respiratory failure Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome  
Chapter 68: NURSING MANAGEMENT: emergency care situations
Assessment of the emergency patient ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCIES Heat-related emergencies Environmental hyperthermia Environmental hypothermia Localised cold injury Submersion injuries Bites and stings Envenomation Poisonings/toxicology Major incident and disaster preparedness Chemical, biological and radiation hazards  
Chapter 69: Chronic illness and complex care
Chronic illness The complexity of chronic illness Patient and family assessment Management of chronic illness Developing the health workforce to meet chronic illness needs Conclusion  
APPENDICES
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and basic life support Nursing diagnoses Answer key to review questions Image and text credits
Index Instructions for online access
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