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Index
COVER
CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
COPYRIGHT
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
CONTRIBUTORS
PART I: Functional Anatomy of Reproduction
CHAPTER 1: Anatomy of Male Reproduction
DEVELOPMENT
TESTIS AND SCROTUM
EPIDIDYMIS AND DUCTUS DEFERENS
ACCESSORY GLANDS
PENIS AND PREPUCE
LABORATORY ANIMALS
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 2: Anatomy of Female Reproduction
EMBRYOLOGY
THE OVARY
THE OVIDUCT
THE UTERUS
CERVIX UTERI
THE VAGINA
EXTERNAL GENITALIA
REFERENCES
PART II: Physiology of Reproduction
CHAPTER 3: Hormones, Growth Factors, and Reproduction
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
HORMONES
PRIMARY HORMONES OF REPRODUCTION
CLINICAL USES OF HORMONES
HORMONAL REGULATION OF REPRODUCTION
GROWTH FACTORS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 4: Reproductive Cycles
PRENATAL AND NEONATAL PHYSIOLOGY
PUBERTY
ESTROUS CYCLES
BREEDING SEASON
AGING AND FERTILITY
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 5: Folliculogenesis, Egg Maturation, and Ovulation
FOLLICULOGENESIS
ENDOCRINOLOGY OF FOLLICULAR GROWTH AND OVULATION
EGG MATURATION
OVULATION
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 6: Transport and Survival of Gametes
SPERM TRANSPORT IN THE FEMALE TRACT
RECEPTION OF EGGS (OVA PICKUP)
EGG TRANSPORT IN THE OVIDUCT
FERTILIZABLE LIFE AND AGING OF EGGS
TRANSUTERINE MIGRATION AND LOSS OF EGGS
EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT IN OVIDUCT
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 7: Spermatozoa and Seminal Plasma
SEMEN
SPERM CELLS
SEMINIFEROUS EPITHELIUM
BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER
EPIDIDYMAL TRANSIT, SPERM MATURATION AND STORAGE
SEMINAL PLASMA
ACCESSORY GLANDS
SPERMATOZOAL METABOLISM
IMMUNOLOGIC ASPECTS OF SPERMATOZOA
IN VITRO EVALUATION OF SEMEN
ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 8: Fertilization and Cleavage
FERTILIZATION
CLEAVAGE
EARLY EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 9: Implantation
EARLY EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 10: Gestation, Prenatal Physiology, and Parturition
GESTATION
MATERNAL PHYSIOLOGY IN PREGNANCY
PLACENTA
FETAL PHYSIOLOGY
PARTURITION
PUERPERIUM
REFERENCES
PART III: Reproductive Cycles
CHAPTER 11: Cattle and Buffalo
CATTLE
BUFFALO
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 12: Sheep and Goats
INTRODUCTION
SEXUAL SEASON
PUBERTY
FOLLICULOGENESIS
ESTROUS CYCLE
OVULATION
BREEDING AND CONCEPTION
GESTATION, PARTURITION, AND PUERPERIUM
REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 13: Pigs
SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT AND MATURATION
HORMONE REGULATION IN THE BOAR
SPERM PRODUCTION
HORMONES AND PUBERTY IN GILTS
CONCEPTION RATE
EMBRYO SURVIVAL
LITTER SIZE
PREGNANCY
POSTPARTUM ESTRUS
LACTATION
SOW AT WEANING
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 14: Horses
BREEDING SEASON
REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS IN STALLIONS
ESTROUS CYCLES
GESTATION
FOALING
EQUINE HYBRIDS
REPRODUCTIVE FAILURE IN MARES
REPRODUCTIVE FAILURE IN STALLIONS
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 15: Llamas and Alpacas
FEMALE
MALE
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 16: Reproduction in Poultry: Male and Female
CONTROL OF GAMETE PRODUCTION
REFERENCES
PART IV: Reproductive Failure
CHAPTER 17: Reproductive Failure in Females
OVARIAN DYSFUNCTION
DISORDERS OF FERTILIZATION
PREGNANCY WASTAGE
PERINATAL AND NEONATAL MORTALITY
DISORDERS OF GESTATION, PARTURITION, AND PUERPERIUM
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 18: Reproductive Failure in Males
CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS
EJACULATORY DISTURBANCES
FERTILIZATION FAILURE
NUTRITION AND MALE INFERTILITY
INFERTILITY AND CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
REFERENCES
PART V: Physiopathologic Mechanisms
CHAPTER 19: Reproductive Behavior
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
MECHANISMS OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
FACTORS AFFECTING SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
A TYPICAL SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
MATERNAL AND NEONATAL BEHAVIOR
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 20: Genetics of Reproductive Failure
BASIC GENETIC CONCEPTS
ABNORMAL KARYOTYPES
GENETICS OF INFERTILITY
MAMMALIAN HYBRIDS
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 21: Genetic Engineering of Farm Mammals
DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSGENIC ANIMALS
DEFINITIONS
APPLICATIONS OF TRANSGENIC ANIMALS
PRODUCTION OF TRANSGENIC LABORATORY ANIMALS
PRODUCTION OF TRANSGENIC DOMESTIC ANIMALS
ANALYSIS OF GENETIC MANIPULATIONS: TRANSGENES AND OTHER MODIFICATIONS
CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 22: Pharmacotoxicologic Factors and Reproduction
PLANTS THAT AFFECT MALE REPRODUCTION
PLANTS THAT AFFECT FEMALE REPRODUCTION
MYCOTOXINS AND MALE REPRODUCTION
MYCOTOXINS AND FEMALE REPRODUCTION
MYCOTOXINS AND EMBRYONIC DEATH, FETAL DEATH, AND ABORTION IN LIVESTOCK
AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDES AND MALE REPRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDES AND FEMALE REPRODUCTION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 23: Immunology of Reproduction
AN IMMUNOLOGY PRIMER
COMPONENTS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN THE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT
REGULATION OF CELLULAR IMMUNE FUNCTION IN THE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT
IMMUNOLOGIC IMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 24: Molecular Biology of Reproduction
GENETIC DETERMINANTS IN REPRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT OF THE GONADS
MOLECULAR PARAMETERS OF SPERMATOGENESIS
MOLECULAR PARAMETERS OF OVULATION
FERTILIZATION AND IMPLANTATION
PREGNANCY AND PARTURITION
LACTATION AND MATERNAL BEHAVIOR
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
PART VI: Assisted Reproductive Technology
CHAPTER 25: Semen Evaluation
EVALUATION AND FERTILITY
APPEARANCE AND VOLUME
SPERM CONCENTRATION
SPERM MOTILITY
SPERM MORPHOLOGY
SEMEN QUALITY
ANCILLARY TESTS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 26: Artificial Insemination
MANAGEMENT OF MALES/SEMEN COLLECTION
CATTLE
SWINE
HORSES
SHEEP
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 27: X and Y Chromosome-Bearing Spermatozoa
BIOLOGY OF SPERM
TECHNIQUES OF SPERM SEPARATION
FUTURE RESEARCH
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 28: Pregnancy Diagnosis
IMPORTANCE OF PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS
CLINICAL METHODS OF PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS
IMMUNOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS
CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 29: Ovulation Induction, Embryo Production and Transfer
INDUCTION OF OVULATION
SYNCHRONIZATION OF ESTROUS CYCLES
EMBRYO TRANSFER
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 30: Preservation and Cryopreservation of Gametes and Embryos
PRINCIPLES OF CRYOBIOLOGY
CRYOPRESERVATION OF EMBRYOS
CRYOPRESERVATION OF SEMEN
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
CHAPTER 31: Micromanipulation of Gametes and Embryos: In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer (IVF/ET)
GENETIC ENGINEERING
MICROMANIPULATION OF GAMETES, EMBRYOS, AND ZONA PELLUCIDA
ZONA PELLUCIDA
GAMETE INTERACTION
INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION (ICSI)
MOLECULAR ANDROLOGY
INSTRUMENTATION, WATER AND AIR FILTRATION, CULTURE MEDIA
MACROMOLECULAR SUPPLEMENTATION
REFERENCES
SUGGESTED READING
GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY OF COMMON ABBREVIATIONS
UNITS OF MEASURE
APPENDICES
APPENDIX I: Chromosome Numbers of Bovinae, Equinae, and Caprinae Species
APPENDIX II: Chromosome Numbers and Reproductive Ability in Equine, Bovine, and Caprine Hybrids
APPENDIX III: Preparation of Physiologic Solutions
COMPOSITION OF SOME COMMON BUFFERS AND SOLUTIONS
APPENDIX IV: Technique for Determining Spermatozoal Concentration Using a Hemacytometer
RECOMMENDED EQUIPMENT
TECHNIQUE
CALCULATION OF SPERM CELL CONCENTRATION
APPENDIX V: Preparation of Sperm Stains
PAPANICOLAOU STAINING
STOCK SOLUTIONS
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
APPENDIX VI: Preparation of Trypsin for Zona-Free Hamster Ova
APPENDIX VII: Evaluation of Chromosomes of Ova
APPENDIX VIII: Book/IVF Companies
APPENDIX IX: In Vitro Fertilization by Microinjection
INDEX
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