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SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE PREDICTIVE FACTORS, HEALTH RISKS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS
SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE PREDICTIVE FACTORS, HEALTH RISKS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
CONTENTS
PREFACE
Chapter 1 SEDENTARISM AND THE ENDO-METABOLIC SYSTEM
Abstract
Introduction
The Sedentarism Model
The Disuse Model
Sedentarism and the Endo-Metabolic System
Selected Sedentarism and Disuse Rehabilitation Models
Methods
Participants
Intervention
Endocrine Profiling
Statistical Analyses
Contextualised Results
Daily Physical Activity and Nutritional Intake during the Intervention
CK Activity Following Non-Injurious Limb Immobilisation
Serum IL-6 Following Non-Injurious Limb Immobilisation
Serum IL-10 Following Non-Injurious Limb Immobilisation
Serum TNF-α Following Non-Injurious Limb Immobilisation
Serum IGF-I Following Non-Injurious Limb Immobilisation
Notes on Serum IL-6, IGF-I, TNF-α as an Interacting Unit
Conclusion
References
Chapter 2 WORKPLACE SEDENTARY HEALTH RISKS AND EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS
Abstract
Introduction
Sedentariness, Physical Activity, Exercise, and Sport
Workplace Sedentariness and Associated Health risks
Workplace Health Risks
Developing Workplace Health and Fitness Assessment Tools
Summary of Recent Workplace Interventions by the Author
Alkhatib (2013)
Alkhatib (2015b)
Kneffel, Goebel and Alkhatib (2015)
Future Workplace Intervention Recommendation
Interventions within a University Campus Workplace
Recommendations for Workplace policies
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 SEDENTARINESS AND PHYSICAL INACTIVITY IN DIABETES: A CASE FOR HOME-BASED EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION
Abstract
Introduction
Overview of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Diabetes
Sedentary Causes of Diabetes
Pathophysiology of Type-II Diabetes
Benefits of Physical Activity for Individuals with Diabetes
Exercise Prescription and Adherence for Individuals with Diabetes
Home-Based Exercise Routines for Individuals with Diabetes
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 EPICARDIAL ADIPOSE TISSUE THICKNESS AS A PREDICTOR FOR PLAQUE VULNERABILITY AND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Abstract
Introduction
Anatomy of Adipose Tissue Deposits in Proximity to the Heart and Within the Mediastinum
Quantifying Epicardial Adipose Tissue (EAT)
Properties of Epicardial Adipose Tissue (EAT)
Istological Properties
Functional Properties
Animal Models
Human Models
Paracrine Effect of EAT in the Development of Atherosclerosis
Association of Epicardial Fat Volume to High-Risk Plaque Features
Conclusion
References
Chapter 5 THE EFFECTS OF AGEING AND EXERCISE ON SKELETAL MUSCLE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Abstract
Introduction
Ageing and Functional Capacity
Sarcopenia: Mechanisms and Implications for Habitual Daily Living
Motor Unit Loss and Fibre Atrophy
Muscle Fibre Grouping
Ageing and Skeletal Muscle Adaptation
Benefits of Physical Activity on Ageing Muscle
Implications of Physical Inactivity
Physical Activity Modalities to Increase Functional Capacity in Ageing Populations
Cardiovascular (CV) Based Activities
Resistance Training (RT)
Alternative Exercise Modalities
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES)
Whole Body Vibration (WBV)
Possible Contraindications to Physical Activity
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 6 THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON THE BIOMECHANICS OF FUNCTIONAL MOBILITY IN OLDER PEOPLE
Abstract
Introduction
Physical Activity and Walking Speed
Physical Activity and Musculoskeletal Health
Age-Based Biomechanics of Running Gait in the Physically Active
Conclusion
References
Chapter 7 CHARACTERTISTICS OF PREFERRED GAIT PATTERNS: CONSIDERATIONS FOR EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION
Abstract
Introduction
Overview on Human Locomotion and Its Relationship with Exercise Prescription
Describing the Locomotor Landscape: Breaking the Dichotomic View
Selecting a Walking Exercise Intensity: Energetics and Biomechanical Perspectives
Walking Around the Preferred Walking Speed (PWS)
Walking Around the Preferred Transition Speed (PTS)
Exercise Adherence: Importance of Preferred Behaviours and Self-Selected Intensities
Affect and Exercise Behaviour
Modulating Preferred Behaviours: Re-Inforcing Desired Behaviours
Recommendations for Exercise Prescription
Limitations
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 8 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTH IN ADOLESCENTS
Abstract
Introduction
Health
Health and Physical Activity
Physical Activity
Physical Activity and Adolescents
Physical Activity Interventions
Experience of Our Studies
Study Population
Procedure
Intervention
Physical Activity Program
Control Group
Physical Fitness Tests
One-Leg Hop Test
Modified Sit-Ups in Three Steps
One-Mile Track Walk Test
What Did We Find?
Physical Activity at a Sport Centre
Self-Related Health
Physical Fitness Tests
Follow Up
Lack of Motivation
Lack of Time
Lack of Money
Health Excuses
Our Findings in Context
Self-Related Health and Physical Activity
‘Some Is Good, More Is Better’
Physical Activity Behaviour
Conclusion
References
Chapter 9 INTEGRATED CURRICULUM, PEDOMETER INTERVENTIONS TO INCREASE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND IMPROVE HEALTH IN CHILDREN: A BRIEF REVIEW
Abstract
Introduction
The School as an Environment for Enhancing PA
Pedometer Based Interventions for Health Benefit
Published Integrated Curriculum Pedometer Interventions
Oliver et al. (2006)
Duncan et al. (2012)
Eyre et al. (2014)
An Overview of Effective Integrated Curriculum, Pedometer Interventions
Future Directions
Conclusion
References
ABOUT THE EDITOR
Short Biography
INDEX
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