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Index
BODY LANGUAGE IN BUSINESS
Decoding the Signals
CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES
FIGURES
TABLES
PREFACE
1
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS BODY LANGUAGE?
NATURE OR NURTURE?
THE FUNCTION OF BODY LANGUAGE
SENSE AND NONSENSE ABOUT BODY LANGUAGE
Symbolism: all bodily communication is symbolic expression
Power: bodily communication is always more powerful
EXAGGERATION, LIES AND HALF TRUTHS
Controllability: we can control all the messages we send
You can read people like a book: decoding nonverbal language is easy
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT IN BUSINESS?
EVOLUTIONARY APPROACHES TO BODY LANGUAGE
THREE MEDIA, THREE CUES
Verbal cues
Vocal cues
VOICE AND EMOTIONS
Visual cues
Verbal communication media
Vocal communication media
CONCLUSION
2
THE SIGNAL SYSTEM
CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION
See what they say: eye gaze
Facial expression
The science of smiling
DIANA, PRINCESS OF WALES
Gestures
Posture
Bodily orientation
Territory
The physical environment
FEEL THE UNSPOKEN
Touch (or body contact)
Odor
BEYOND WORDS AND SOUNDS
Voice and speech pattern
CONCLUSION
3
EVERYDAY SIGNS AND SIGNALS
THE INFLUENCE OF NONVERBAL SIGNS IN IMPRESSION FORMATION
PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
BODILY ATTRACTIVENESS
LOOKING THE PART
How to reduce the attractiveness bias
LIPSTICK INDEX AND FOUNDATION FACTOR
DRESS
COLOR
CONCLUSION
4
COMMUNICATING ATTITUDES, EMOTIONS AND PERSONALITY
SHOWING EMOTIONS
EMOTIONAL LABOR
ABILITY, ACCURACY AND SKILL
COMMUNICATING ATTITUDES
INTUITION
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND READING THE SIGNALS
YOUR PERSONALITY IS SHOWING
Extroversion
Neuroticism
CULTURE AND BODILY COMMUNICATION
Is body language universal?
Body language versus foreign language
Cultural values and motivations
Cultural differences in nonverbal communication
Why do these differences exist?
CONCLUSION: WHAT DOES IT ALL MEAN FOR BUSINESS?
5
LYING AND DECEPTION: REVEALING AND CONCEALING INFORMATION
DIFFERENT TYPES OF LIE
WHY DO PEOPLE LIE?
CATCHING LIARS: WHY THEY FAIL
THE CLUES TO DECEIT
6
APPLYING THE THEORY: WORK CONTEXTS
COMMUNICATING DOMINANCE, IDENTITY AND STATUS NONVERBALLY
BUSINESS TALKS
Presentation techniques
Types of speakers
ARE ALL SUBJECTS MADE EQUAL?
Content and style of talks
Speech-giving and emotions
Body language of the speaker
Body language of the audience
TRAINING SPEAKERS
Speech-giving paraphernalia
NEGOTIATION SKILLS AND STYLES
Pre-negotiation
Entry
Establishing effective relationships
Reformulating your strategy in light of the new knowledge
Bargaining and concession-making
Reaching agreement
COMMUNICATION IN SALES
INTERVIEWS
MEETINGS
ADVERTISING AND POLITICAL MESSAGES
OBSERVATION AND IDENTIFICATION
BODY LANGUAGE AND MEMORY
Memory for names
The role of gesture in speech
What type of nonverbal body language do we remember the best?
Remembering what you read, hear and see
CONCLUSION
7
APPLYING THE THEORY: EMOTIONS AT WORK
BODY LANGUAGE AND BULLYING AT WORK
Explanations for bullying
The body language of the bully and the bullied
THE BODY LANGUAGE OF FRUSTRATING AND FRUSTRATED CUSTOMERS
RECOGNIZING STRESS AT WORK
The individual
The job (organization) or social environment
Coping
Consequences of stress
OFFICE POLITICS
BODY LANGUAGE AND WORKPLACE ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS
MIND CONTROL
WINNING AND LOSING AT WORK
CONCLUSION
APPENDIX: OTHER LITERATURE ON THE TOPIC OF BODY LANGUAGE
REFERENCES
INDEX
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