Vietnam · Education Financing

This study looks at the system of education and training in Vietnam (E T) and poses the question: What changes in educational policies will ensure that students who pass through the system today will acquire the knowledge, skills and attitudes needed for Vietnam to complete the transition successfully from a planned to a market economy? Chapter 1 sets the general context for a consideration of E T costs and financing in Vietnam. Chapter 2 explains how the system is presently organized and managed, and portrays sectoral achievements in terms of student enrollments. Chapter 3 provides an assessment of the current financing system and then examines off-budget sources of public finance and private source of funding for E T. Chapter 4 combines the information on enrollments and on flows of funds from public and private sources to calculate unit costs in Vietnam E T. Chapter 5 turns to issues of external efficiency and equity. Chapter 6 reviews the experience of eight " East Asian miracle " countries and draws lessons for Vietnam ' s education and training system.