[Gutenberg 23833] • 商君書

This edition of The Book of Lord Shang features both English and Chinese side-by-side for easy reference and bilingual support. The chapters are organized and hyper-linked easy reading and navigation.

This Chinese classic text is one of the major works of the Legalist school of Chinese philosophy, an early Legalist work generally attributed to the eponymous Lord Shang (Shangzi, 商子). It is a foundational work of that pragmatic and authoritarian tradition: The Book of Lord Shang teaches that laws are designed to maintain the stability of the state from the people, who are innately selfish and ignorant. There is no such thing as objective goodness or virtue; it is obedience that is of paramount importance. The philosophy espoused in this work is quite explicitly anti-Confucian.

《商君书》，又称《商子》，为中國战国法家人物商鞅及其後學的著作彙編，是法家學派的代表作之一。《商君書》側重記載法家商鞅輔佐秦孝公時進行革新變法、重農重戰、重刑厚賞、反斥儒家言論，主要反映了戰國法家的政治思想。在《汉书》中录有二十九篇，但现在仅存二十四篇（另有两篇有目无文）。其中有些篇所述史实在商鞅死后，说明不是商鞅本人所作，但书中保留了商鞅法家思想遗著，並记录了商鞅的言行，约为战国末年商鞅后学编成。《韩非子》與司马迁都曾提到过这部书。

Chapters include:

1\. 更法 - Reform of the Law

2\. 墾令 - Order to Cultivate Waste Lands

3\. 農戰 - Agriculture and War

4\. 去強 - Elimination of Strength

5\. 說民 - Discussion about the People

6\. 算地 - Calculation of Land

7\. 開塞 - Opening and Debarring

8\. 壹言 - Unification of Words

9\. 錯法 - Establishing Laws

10\. 戰法 - Method of Warfare

11\. 立本 - Establishment of Fundamentals

12\. 兵守 - Military Defence

13\. 靳令 - Making Orders Strict

14\. 修權 - Cultivation of the Right Standard

15\. 來民 - Encouragement of Immigration

16\. 刑約 - Compendium of Penalties

17\. 賞刑 - Rewards and Punishments

18\. 畫策 - Policies

19\. 境內 - Within the Borders

20\. 弱民 - Weakening the People

21\. [Lost]

22\. 外內 - External and Internal Affairs

23\. 君臣 - Prince and Minister

24\. 禁使 - Interdicts and Encouragements

25.