CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

The historical background . German preparations pre-war . The parameters of combat: climate and terrain – different types of cold, different types of snow . The effects of wind

‘MOTTI’ TACTICS: FINLAND, 1939–40

Reconnaissance, and stopping . Attacking, and cutting . Isolation, and annihilation . Opportunism and planning . The value and limitations of skis

THE WESTERN ALLIES IN NORWAY, 1940

Intervention in Finland planned, January-February 1940 . Norway, April–June 1940 . The British & US response

THE SOVIET TACTICAL RESPONSE: COMBAT IN WINTER (1941)

Movement . Digging-in . Concealment . Anti-tank defence . Patrolling . Route preparation . The attack . The defence . Study of War Experience (Autumn 1942)

DISASTER ON THE OSTFRONT, 1941/42

Hitler’s overconfidence . Emergency clothing – ‘Winter Fritz’ . Taschenbuch für den Winterkrieg (1942): Morale . The rasputitsa . Snow conditions – tactical lessons . Movement & orientation . Clearing routes . Railways . Clothing – padding & camouflage . Equipment . Shelters & food

GERMAN SKI TRAINING & TACTICS, 1942–44

Ski training . Tactical organization and movement . The fire-fight

TECHNIQUES PERFECTED, 1943–45

Great Britain: Operations in Snow and Mountain Warfare (1943) . German Mountain Warfare (US appreciation, 1944)

CONCLUSIONS

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY