A
ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) surgery 58
ACTH 46
bee venom 125–6
for knee arthritis 126–7
adalimumab 40–41
Adenoma Prevention with Celecoxib (APC) study 29
adipokines 74
adrenaline 79
aerobic exercise 173–7
ethyl alcohol fermentation in gut 93–4
and gout 9
Alexander Technique 166
alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) 76, 114, 115
aluminium silicate, hydrated 86
Amalu, William 80–81
American Heart Association (AHA) 109, 111
analgesics see painkillers
ankle fusion 57–8
ankylosing spondylitis xiv, 4, 9
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery 58
anti-depressants 21–2
anti-inflammatories xv, 12, 97, 104
NSAIDs see non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
steroids see steroids
anti-tumour necrosis factor agents see TNF blockers
antibodies 8
antioxidants 90, 94, 103, 104, 147, 148, 171
apricots 104
arachidonic acid 100
arthralgia 11
arthritis
alternative therapies 123–39 see also acupuncture; diet; electromagnetism therapies; herbal remedies; homeopathic remedies; qigong; stem cell therapy; supplements, dietary
degenerative 4
dietary approach see diet
infectious/micro-organism-related 10
inflammation as cause of 63–81
inflammatory group 4 see also ankylosing spondylitis; polyarthritis; rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
medical approach see drugs; medical theory of arthritis; surgery
post-traumatic 10
prevalence xiii–xiv, 3, 6, 8, 11
prevention tips 165–88, 189–95
psoriatic 10
treatment assessment methods see double-blind assessment; placebo-controlled trials; randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
types and conditions falling under term xiv, 4–10
Arthritis Foundation 123–4
arthrodesis 57–8
arthroscopic surgery 48–9
articular cartilage 5
and children 24
side effects and risks 17, 18–23, 78
astaxanthin 194
attitude 186–8
autoimmune conditions 4, 11, 84, 152
autoimmune explanation of osteoarthritis 64
Crohn’s disease 4, 11, 35, 39, 40, 88, 112
and diet 70
following surgery 51–2
RA see rheumatoid arthritis
SLE see systemic lupus erythematosus
avocado/soya bean unsaponifiable oils 147, 193
avocados 104
azathioprine 37
B
back pain xiii, xiv, 4, 9, 152
Bacteroides 91
Bayer 23
bee venom acupuncture 125–6
bentonite 86
berries 104
betaine 94
hydrochloride 88
Bextra 28
Bilophila wadsworthia 86
biofeedback 167–8
Biolab, London 86, 87, 89, 94, 95
Blastocystis hominis 91
blood tests 7
blood thinners 19–20, 110, 137
see also aspirin
blueberries 104
bone disorders 5
see also ostemalacia; osteoporosis; Paget’s disease; rickets
Bristol Wear Debris Analysis Team 52
broccoli 103
bromelain 132–4, 153, 193, 195
butter 101
C
C-reactive protein (CRP) 116, 184
calcium 5
stem cell therapy shows no evidence of causing 162–3
Candida albicans 68, 88, 93–4, 192
cantaloupe melons 104
caprylic acid 94
carbonated drinks 72, 99, 101, 191
cardiovascular problems 28, 30, 67, 70, 75, 183, 184
and omega-6 fatty acids 110–11
and joint replacement 47, 49–56
and membrane attack complex 64–5
repair 155–63
risks from running 173–7
Cash, Joseph 33
caveman-style diet 107–8
Celadrin 118–19
celery 105
Centeno-Schultz Clinic 155–61
Centeno, Chris 155–62
Centocor 39
cetyl myristoleate (CMO) 117–18
cetylated fatty acids (CFAs) 118–19
Chapman, Benjamin 188
Charnley, John 50
chemical sensitivities 77–8, 185
chemokines 74
child side effects of drugs 24–5, 42–3
childhood polyarthritis 4
chiropractic manipulation 166, 168–9
chloroquine 36
chocolate, dark 101
cholecalciferol 152
choline 94
CLASS (Celecoxib Long-Term Arthritis Safety Study) 28
Clostridium perfringens 85
CMO (cetyl myristoleate) 117–18
‘cold laser’ therapy 169
colitis 18
colostrum-derived supplements 90
companionship 186
complement cascade 63–4
connective tissue disease 5
see also polymyalgia rheumatica; schleroderma; systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
bracelets 170–71
corticosteroids see steroids
cortisol 79
Cousins, Norman 187
Cox-2 inhibitors 26–30
and cardiovascular disease 30
and GI damage 28–9
vs supplements 144
COX enzymes 14
cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) 131–2
Crohn’s disease 4, 11, 35, 39, 40, 88, 112
Cryptosporidium 91
see also gout
cycling 180–81
cyclophosphamide 37
cyclosporin 37
cytotoxic immunosuppressants 31
D
Davies, Stephen 93
dental care 184–5
DHA see docosahexaenoic acid
Diehl, Harry W. 117–18
diet
and allergies see food allergies
caveman-style 107–8
changing your diet gradually 97–8
Dong diet 71–2
drinks to avoid 101–2
and fasting 105–7
fats see fatty acids; omega fatty acids
foods to avoid 99–100, 191, 192
gluten-free 101
GM foods 85
and gut health see gut health
low-carb 94
low-fructose 87
neutralizing 68–9
nutritional deficiencies/excesses see nutritional deficiencies/excesses
processed foods 70–71, 75, 80, 85–6, 98
role in healing inflammation 97–108
and stomach acid 87–8
supplements see supplements, dietary
vegetarian see vegetarian diet
see also fruit; vegetables
digestive enzymes 87, 94, 133, 153
digestive system 70, 83–5 see also gut health
side effects 31–2, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37–8
diuretics 9
DMARDs see disease modifiers
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 76, 100, 113, 114
Dong, Collin H. 71
double-blind assessment 33, 133, 136, 143, 147
drugs
analgesic see painkillers
anti-depressant 21–2
anti-inflammatory see anti-inflammatories; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); steroids
blood-thinning see blood thinners
disease modifying see disease modifiers
diuretic 9
immunosuppressant 31, 32, 37, 39, 42 see also methotrexate
rubella immunization 11
side effects see side effects of drugs
see also specific drugs
‘earthing’ 80–81
Ebringer, Alan 84
Ehrenfeld, Michael 78
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 76, 100, 113, 114
electromagnetism therapies 130–32, 194
emotional freedom technique (EFT) 168
emotional trauma 79–80
emu oil 119
enteric nervous system 83–4
enzyme-potentiated desensitization (EPD) 69–70
EPA see eicosapentaenoic acid
epidermal growth factor (EGF) 89
Epsom salts 192
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 7
essential fatty acids see omega fatty acids
European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products 37–8
aerobic 173–7
cycling 180–81
and knee injuries 173–7
swimming 181
Tai chi 183
walking 179–80
yoga 183
extroversion 186–8
F
fasting 105–7
fat tissue 74
fatty acids 75–7, 85–6, 88, 94, 97
arachidonic acid 100
cetylated 118–19
‘designer’ fats 117–19
guideline for dietary fats 114–19
omega see omega fatty acids
fibromodulin 65
fish oils 90, 114, 115–16, 117, 150 see also omega fatty acids
flavanoids 90
flaxseed oil 114
fluoride 102
commonest allergens 72–3
and EPD 69–70
lactose intolerance 98, 100–101
and nutritional deficiencies 79
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), US 25, 30, 37, 38–9, 43, 105, 160–61
foot problems 4
gout see gout
footwear 180
formaldehyde 77–8
Framingham Heart Study 111
free radicals 80
fructose malabsorption 86–7
fruit sugar 86–7
G
Gaier, Harald 93
gardening 181
gas, household 77–8
gastrointestinal bleeding/GI problems
with disease modifiers 32
with NSAIDs 17, 18–19, 20, 21–3, 25, 27
genetically modified (GM) foods 85
Gershon, Michael 83
Giardia lamblia 91
glucosamine 142–4, 145, 153, 179, 193
glucuronidase 69–70
goldenseal 94
Gøtzsche, Peter 15–16
homeopathy for 129
supplements for 150
guggul 137
gum health 184–5
gut health 83–95
and bacteria 84–6
Candida albicans overgrowth 93–4
fermentation test 93–4
and fruit sugar 86–7
leaky gut 78–9, 85, 88–91, 192
low stomach acid 87–8
and parasites 91–3
H
hand problems 4
Heberden’s nodes 7
Hawkey, C.J. 17
heart disease see cardiovascular problems
Heberden’s nodes 7
herbal remedies 134–9, 153, 195
for gut parasites 92–3
hip replacements xv, 47, 49–54
histamine blockers 88
homoeostatic soil organisms (HSOs) 86
Humira 40–41
Hydrogen and Methane Breath Test 86
hydroxychloroquine 36
hypericum 129
hypnotherapy 166–7
I
vs supplements 145
immune system 4, 32, 45, 52, 79
and fasting 85
see also autoimmune conditions
immunosuppressants 31, 32, 37, 39, 42
see also methotrexate
infectious arthritis 10
inflammation 63–81
cascade 67
dietary approach see diet
drugs to combat see anti-inflammatories
and fat tissue 74
and food allergies 67–9
and free radicals 80–81
and the ‘law of similarities’ 125–6
meditation and reduction of 183–4
nature of 66–7
stress-related 79, 183–4, 186–7
infliximab 31
injury avoidance 175–9
interleukin-6 (IL-6) 187–8
intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke 19
iritis 9
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) 85, 86, 88
J
Johnson, David 18
joints
affected by arthritis 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 49–56, 155–63
exercise and knee injuries 173–7
healthy 5
knees see knees
lifestyle for healthy joints 165–88
and obesity 74
replacement surgery 49–56
stem cell therapy 155–63
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 56
juvenile arthritis xiv
K
ketoprofen 18
kidney disease 73
Klippel, John 33
knees
injuries 173–7
strengthening exercises 177
Koch, Robert 34
Koten, Susan 93
L
lactose intolerance 98, 100–101
lactulose/mannitol challenge test 89
Laver, Mary 107–8
lead poisoning 73
leaky gut 78–9, 85, 88–91, 192
leflunomide 37–8
Lei gong teng 138
for healthy joints 165–88
Loke, Yoon K. 22
loneliness 186
low-density lipoproteins (LDL) 111
low-level/‘cold laser’ therapy 169
Lyon Diet Heart Study 111
M
oil 150
malleable mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 157–63
manganese 91
Maroon, Joe 155–6
marriage 186
McConnell, Lexi 46
medical theory of arthritis 3–12
conventional view of causes 3–4, 11–12
medical treatments of arthritis see drugs; surgery
meditation 183–4
membrane attack complex (MAC) 64
Merck 27
Metchnikoff, Élie 84
methionine 94
methylsulphonylmethane (MSM) 147, 193
milk thistle 94
mindfulness 183–4
mineral baths 192
mitochondria 74
molybdenum 91
monosodium glutamate 72
monounsaturated fats 76
Moseley, Bruce 59
MSM (methylsulphonylmethane) 147, 193
Mycoplasma 3
N
Naegleria 91
naproxen 18
National Patient Safety Agency 35
neck care 189
nightshade family 71
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 13–25
aspirin see aspirin
Cox-2 see Cox-2 inhibitors
ibuprofen see ibuprofen
side effects and risks 16–26, 28–30, 78–9, 85, 89
with SSRIs 21–2
nutritional deficiencies/excesses 79
vitamin A deficiency 94
vitamin B deficiency 94
vitamin D deficiency 11, 86, 150–53
nuts 105
O
obesity 74
‘designer’ fats 117–19
emu oil 119
fish oils 90, 114, 115–16, 117, 150 see also omega fatty acids
flaxseed oil 114
magnesium oil 150
oil of cloves 94
tea tree oil 94
walnut oil 114
see also fatty acids
omega fatty acids 75, 76, 94, 109–16
balancing 75, 109–10, 112–14, 115, 191
omega-3 75, 76, 79, 100, 105, 109, 110, 111, 112–13, 114, 115–16, 119, 179, 191
omega-6 75, 76, 79, 94, 100, 109, 110, 111–13, 115, 119, 179, 191
optimistic attitude 186–7
oregano oil 94
ostemalacia 5
osteoarthritis xiii, xiv, 4, 6–7, 15
and food intolerance 71
and inflammation 64 see also inflammation
in overweight people 74
post-traumatic 10
osteolysis 52
osteonecrosis 46
Paget’s disease 5
Cox-2 see Cox-2 inhibitors
NSAIDs see non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
paracetamol 14
parasites, gut 91–3
Parkinson’s disease 20
PEMF see pulsed electromagnetic field generators
penicillamine 36
periodontal disease 184–5
Pert, Candace 79
pesticides 77–8
Pfizer 27
phagocytes 9
Physicians’ Desk Reference 35
phytonutrients 104
pineapple extract see bromelain
placebo-controlled trials 11, 16, 21, 33, 41, 42, 49, 59, 116, 118–19, 134–5, 139, 143–4, 147
polyarthritis 4
polycarbon biphenols (PCBs) 114
polymyalgia rheumatica xiv, 5, 10
post-traumatic arthritis 10
processed foods 70–71, 75, 80, 85–6, 98
protein 5, 37, 44, 64, 67, 78, 100, 104, 107
collagen see collagen
TNF blockers see TNF blockers
proteoglycans 5
proteolytic (digestive) enzymes 87, 94, 133, 153
psoriatic arthritis 10
psuedo-gout 5
Public Citizen 38
pulmonary fibrosis 41–2
pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) generators 131, 132, 194
Q
quercetin 104
R
Randolph, Theron 77–8
randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 126–7, 137–8
Regenexx 155–63
Remicade 39–40
Reye’s syndrome 24
rheumatic fever 10
rheumatism
non-articular group 4 see also back pain; foot problems; hand problems; shoulder problems; soft-tissue rheumatism
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) xiv, 4, 7–8, 11, 148, 171
RICE method 179
rickets 5
Rothwell, Peter 19
rubella 10
immunization 11
running 173–7
S
S-adenosylmethionine (SAM-e) 94, 147, 193
SAARDs see disease modifiers
Saccharomyces boulardii 90–91
Sands, Len 118
saturated fats 75, 76, 85–6, 101
schleroderma 5
see also grains
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) 21–2
septic arthritis 10
Sheinkof, Mitch 160
shoulder problems 4
side effects of drugs xv
Cox-2 inhibitors 28–30
disease modifiers 31–2, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37–8
NSAIDs 16–26, 28–30, 78–9, 85, 89
steroids 45–6
TNF blockers 39–44
sociability 186–7
soft-tissue rheumatism xiv
spa therapy 172
spinal manipulation therapy (SMT) 168–9
SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) 21–2
stem cell therapy 155–63
side effects 45–6
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) 24–5, 38
stomach acid 87–8
stress 79–80
and mind–body approaches 79–80, 182–4
stress-related inflammation 79, 183–4, 186–7
sulphoraphane 103
supplements, dietary 141–54, 179, 193–4
for Candida albicans overgrowth 94
for gout 150
vitamins see specific vitamins
see also herbal remedies
surgery 47–59
ACL 58
arthrodesis 57–8
arthroscopic 48–9
joint replacement xv, 47, 49–56
and safety 53–4
unnecessary 56–7
swimming 181
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) xiv, 5, 9, 73
Tai chi 182–3
tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) 94
temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders 145, 166
TENS see transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
side effects and risks 39–44
tooth brushing 184–5
toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) 25
traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) 124
acupuncture see acupuncture
herbal remedies 137–8
Tai chi 182–3
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) 131, 194
trigger-point therapy 169
Truss, Orian 93
tuberculosis 41
U
ultrasound therapy 169
V
valdecoxib 28
Vane, John 24
vegetables 98, 99, 103, 149, 191
viral arthritis 10
vitamin A 90
deficiency 94
B1 deficiency 94
B5 (pantothenic acid) 148, 149
B6 deficiency 94
B12 86
vitamin C 91, 114, 148, 150, 193
vitamin D
supplement 150–53
vitamin E 91, 114, 117, 148, 150, 193
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) 77
W
Walker, Ray 171
walking 179–80
walnut oil 114
water, drinking 102, 105, 184, 192
weight 74
Werbach, Melvyn 149
Wilson’s disease 36
Wyburn-Mason, Roger 91
X, Y, Z
X-rays 7
yoga 183
yucca 138