Page numbers refer to the print edition but are hyperlinked to the appropriate location in the e-book.
Absolute power (
puissance absolue),
16–17,
22
American Confederation of 1787,
57
American Revolution: constitutionalism and,
34; popular sovereignty and,
34–38
Articles of Confederation (Switzerland),
56
Articles of Confederation (U.S.),
36
Bismarck, Otto von,
60–61
Bluntschli, Johann Caspar,
48
Bodin, Jean,
5,
13; biography of,
18; concept of sovereignty by,
15,
17–24,
26–27,
31–32,
70,
104–5,
133n17,
133n20; definition of sovereignty by,
16,
25–26; epochal transformation by,
77; on sovereignty,
20; sovereignty before,
13–17; on superior power,
20; writings of,
19,
24–25,
26,
28
Civil Rights Act of 1997,
94
Commentaries on the Laws of England (Blackstone),
35
Constant, Benjamin,
42,
48
Constituted power (
pouvoir constitué),
40–41,
73
Constituting body (
organe constituant),
44–45
Constitutionalism,
74,
123; achievement of,
42,
68,
74,
144n83; American Revolution and,
34; Germany and,
48–51; modern,
67–68; term,
70–72
Constitutional state: emergence of,
68–69,
106; sovereignty in,
33
Constitutions: application and interpretation of,
71; concept of sovereignty and,
ix–xii,
7–8; federal,
52–56; forms of,
96; national,
90,
95
Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes,
82
Council of Ministers,
90–91
Court: French royal,
15; rights of,
18–19;
see also specific court
Decision making: of people,
72; political,
40–41; power of final,
15; power of monarchy on,
26; sovereignty as final authority on,
14
Declaration of Colonial Rights and Grievances of the First Continental Congress,
35,
136n6
Declaration of Independence, U.S. (1776),
35,
136n6
De iure belli ac pacis (Grotius),
81
Dispute Settlement Body (WTO),
87
Emperor: disputes with,
15; power of,
16,
25
England,
35; American Revolution and,
34; feudal system in,
24; as mixed government,
25; monarchy of,
25
English Parliament,
26; elements of parliamentarism,
36; tariffs imposed by,
34
European Community law, primacy of,
89–91
European Convention on Human Rights,
87–88,
94
European Court of Human Rights,
88
European Monetary Union,
108
External sovereignty: internal sovereignty and,
92–99; state and,
91–92; during twentieth century,
81–92; in Westphalian era,
77–81,
107–8
Final Act of the Congress of Vienna,
47–48
France,
45–47,
103; constitutional amendment,
44,
133n24; constitutional debates in,
44; monarchy of,
18–19,
24; religious wars of,
18–19; royal court of,
15; during thirteenth century,
13
French Constitutional Council,
46,
71–72
French Constitution of 1791,
71; articles of,
40–43,
72–73; constituent power and,
41; constituted power
and,
41; enactment of,
40–41; end of,
43; regarding sovereignty,
42–43
French Constitution of the year III,
43,
45
French National Assembly,
42
French Republican Constitution of 1793,
43
French Revolution: goals of,
39; popular sovereignty and,
34
German Revolution of 1848,
58–59
Germany: Basic Law of,
xi,
71–73,
112–13,
127–28; constitutionalism and,
48–51; as federal state,
59–67,
144n78; feudal system of,
24,
67; monarchy of,
25–26; as nation-state,
58–67,
59–67,
144n78; self-determination of,
112–13;
see also East Germany;
North German Confederation;
West Germany
Glorious Revolution of 1688,
25
Government: legitimacy and shape of,
4; mixed,
21–22,
25,
32; self,
49
Hague Convention Respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land (1907),
82
Hague Peace Conference,
82
Hamilton, Alexander,
37,
52
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich,
49–50
Humanitarian intervention,
124
“Humanized sovereignty,”
125–26
Instrumentum Pacis Osnabrugensis,
81
International cooperation: forms of,
87; legal order and,
xi–xii,
106–7
International Court of Justice,
86
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,
85
International Criminal Court,
91
Jura summi imperii, see Sovereign rights
King: executive power of,
15; as primary sovereign,
14–15; as representative,
41–42; sovereign rights of,
20
Koskenniemi, Martti,
81–82
Laws,
52–56; customary,
79–80,
86; establishment or implementation of,
17
Legal texts: application of,
7–8; interpretations of,
7–8
Lords,
25; peasants and,
24; rule of,
17
Medieval order,
5,
17,
20
Monarchy,
15; absolute,
25; authority of,
47; decision-making power of,
26; of England,
25; of France,
18–19,
24; of Germany,
25–26; limited rule of,
19; popular sovereignty and,
41; sovereignty and,
19–20,
27; status of,
41–42
National sovereignty (
souveraineté de la nation),
39–46
“New sovereigntists,”
123
North German Confederation,
51,
60
Parliamentary sovereignty,
36–38
Peace of Prague (1635),
81
Peace of Westphalia (1648),
81
Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague,
83
Permanent Court of International Justice in The Hague,
83
Philadelphia Convention,
57
Political systems: changing of,
3; legitimacy of,
33
Politicians (
les politiques),
20
Popular sovereignty (
souveraineté
du peuple),
33–38,
40–41,
44–45,
49,
69,
72–74,
94–96,
106,
109,
112,
119–20
Power,
22; delegated,
54; of emperor,
16,
25; of final decision making,
15; of German Confederation,
57–58; of God,
13; to make laws,
20–21; during Middle Ages,
14; monarchy’s decision making,
26; number of,
15; positions of,
14; public,
77,
96,
105–6; reserved,
54; sovereignty and sovereign,
14–15,
54; state,
69,
106–7; supreme,
20,
64,
69–70; unlimited,
64;
see also Absolute power;
Constituent power;
Constituted power
Power to distribute powers (
Kompetenz-Kompetenz),
65–66,
110–13
Primacy, of European Community Law,
89–91
Public authority,
6,
70,
74,
95; exercise of,
40; holder of,
32; people’s representatives and,
40; regulation of,
68; state and,
24
Radowitz, Joseph Maria,
59
Responsibility to protect,
124
Richelieu, Armand-Jean du Plessis, duc de,
24
Rights,
22–23,
35; of court,
18–19; of estates,
18–19,
25; king’s sovereign,
20; to lawmaking,
22–23; to self-determination,
72,
126–27; sovereign,
22,
96,
108–9;
see also Human rights
Rule: of estates,
17; hereditary,
33; limits of monarchical,
19; of lords,
17; of property owner,
17; state,
77–78; status and,
17;
see also Political rule
Rulers: absolute,
18–19; sovereignty and,
5,
21
Sieyes, Emmanuel Joseph,
40–41
Six Books of the Commonwealth (Bodin),
19,
28
Souveraineté, see Power of French king
Sovereign: characteristics of,
20; expression of,
61–62; legislative power of,
22; people,
31,
37–38; political rule and,
13; power of,
14–15,
54; rights,
22,
35,
96,
108–9; sovereignty and power of,
54; state as,
8–9; will of,
21,
23
Sovereignty,
16–17,
42–43; absolute,
16,
21–22,
48,
63,
74,
120–21,
123; concept of,
ix–xii,
3–5,
7–8,
23–32,
66–67,
69,
74–75,
101,
120–28,
135n36; in constitutional state,
33; content of,
4; death of,
102; deniers of,
6; dimensions of,
5; divided,
53,
55; divisibility of,
7,
27,
36–38,
118,
121; dual,
59–63; exercise and possession of,
14; in federal state,
51–67; as final decision-making authority,
14; governing authority of,
21; holder of,
21,
133n17; humanization of,
125–26; ideas of,
9; indivisibility of,
38,
69–70,
109–10,
114,
118,
152n9; internal,
92–99; interpretations of,
4,
7–9,
103–6; latent,
67–75; limited,
17,
34,
42–43,
114,
121–23; original,
27; parliamentary,
36–38; partial,
22; as plural concept,
14; political rule and,
13; requirements of,
5–6; role of,
102–4; rulers and,
5,
21; self-limitation of,
50,
93–94; shared,
54–55,
117; sovereign power and,
14–15,
54; as term,
4,
15,
65; today,
102–28; twelve attributes of,
29–30,
135n36; unity of,
21,
60; in U.S.,
50,
52–57;
see also Bodin, Jean;
External sovereignty;
Monarchical sovereignty;
National sovereignty;
Popular sovereignty;
Postsovereignty;
Rights;
State sovereignty
State: alliances of,
6; central,
52; component,
52; composite,
63; democratic,
6,
123,
125–28; external sovereignty and,
91–92; formation of,
5,
77–79,
108; individual,
37; international laws and,
82–92; international order and,
91–92; medieval,
24; modern,
ix,
6,
18; parliaments,
36–38; as political actor,
6–7; political rule of,
19; popular sovereignty and,
44–45; power,
69,
106–7; public authority and,
24; rule,
77–78; as sovereign,
8–9; supra-individual,
29–30,
70; supranational institutions and,
6; as synonym for republic,
19; theory of,
9;
see also Constitutional state;
Federal state
Status of monarch (
seigneurie),
15
St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre (1572),
19,
27
Supranational institutions,
6
Supreme Court, U.S.,
53,
56
Taxation without representation,
34
Territory, territoriality, territorialization,
77–79,
104,
107
Treaties,
30,
55–56,
82,
86,
89,
110–11,
153n14; concept of sovereignty and international,
7–8; on human rights,
87–88; obligations of,
83; ratification of,
38
Treitschke, Heinrich von,
60
Two Treatises (Locke),
30
UN General Assembly,
85–86
UN Genocide Convention of 1948,
85
UN Security Council,
84–86
United Nations (UN),
xii,
115–18,
121; articles of,
85; criminal tribunals of,
86; empowerment on use of force by,
84; formation of,
84; impact of,
87; members of,
84
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948),
xii,
85
Weimar Constitution,
48,
73,
75
Will: of God,
18; of sovereign,
21,
23