Present (Continuous) Adverbial Participles
Parsing
Warm-up
α. ἀναβαίνοντες εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα
β. εἶδον αὐτοὺς ὑπάγοντας.
γ. ἀπέστειλαν πρὸς αὐτὸν καλοῦντες αὐτόν.
δ. προσῆλθον αὐτῷ διδάσκοντι οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς.
ε. καὶ καθήμενοι ἐτήρουν αὐτόν.
ζ. μὴ ὁρῶντες ἀλλὰ πιστεύοντες
η. βλέποντες οὐ βλέπουσιν καὶ ἀκούοντες οὐκ ἀκούουσιν.
Translation
Be sure you can parse each participle and identify the word it is modifying.
1. Ταῦτα εἶπεν ἐν συναγωγῇ διδάσκων ἐν Καφαρναούμ.
2. ἦλθεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν κηρύσσων τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τοῦ θεοῦ.
3. πολλοὶ ἐλεύσονται ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου λέγοντες ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι.1
4. ἐπορεύετο γὰρ τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ χαίρων.
5. Παῦλος δὲ καὶ Βαρναβᾶς διέτριβον (they stayed) ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ διδάσκοντες καὶ εὐαγγελιζόμενοι μετὰ καὶ ἑτέρων πολλῶν τὸν λόγον τοῦ κυρίου.
6. 2 Καὶ ἀναβαίνων ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα παρέλαβεν (he/she/it took) τοὺς δώδεκα.
7. καὶ ἦλθεν κηρύσσων εἰς τὰς συναγωγὰς αὐτῶν εἰς ὅλην τὴν Γαλιλαίαν καὶ τὰ δαιμόνια ἐκβάλλων. Καὶ ἔρχεται πρὸς αὐτὸν λεπρὸς (leper) παρακαλῶν αὐτόν.
8. Ὡς δὲ ἦν ἐν τοῖς Ἱεροσολύμοις ἐν τῷ πάσχα (Passover) ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ (feast), πολλοὶ ἐπίστευσαν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, θεωροῦντες αὐτοῦ τὰ σημεῖα ἃ ἐποίει.
9. Τότε προσῆλθεν αὐτῷ ἡ μήτηρ τῶν υἱῶν Ζεβεδαίου μετὰ τῶν υἱῶν αὐτῆς προσκυνοῦσα καὶ αἰτοῦσά τι ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ.
10. δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ πεφανέρωται (he/she/it has been revealed) μαρτυρουμένη ὑπὸ τοῦ νόμου καὶ τῶν προφητῶν.
Additional
11. εὐαγγελίζοντες τὸν λαὸν ἐν τῇ Ἱεροσόλυμα οἱ μαθηταὶ ἐδόξαζον τὸν Ἰησοῦν διὰ πάντα τὰ σημεῖα καὶ τὰς δυναμεῖς αὐτοῦ.
12. καθήμενος σὺν τοῖς δυσὶν ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ οὗτος παρεκάλησεν τὸν ἀνδρὰ καὶ τὴν γυναῖκα ἀλληλοῖς λαλεῖν (to speak) ἐν τοῖς λόγοις τῆς ἀγάπης.
13. ᾔδει γὰρ ὁ θεὸς ὅτι ἐν ᾗ ἂν ἡμέρᾳ φάγητε (you might eat) ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ διανοιχθήσονται3 ὑμῶν οἱ ὀφθαλμοί καὶ ἔσεσθε ὡς θεοὶ γινώσκοντες καλὸν καὶ πονηρόν.
14. καὶ εἶπεν4 πρὸς τοὺς ἄνδρας· γινώσκουσα γινώσκω ἐγὼ ὅτι ὁ θεὸς ὑμῶν παραδίδωσιν (he/she/it is handing over) ὑμῖν τὴν γῆν ταύτην.
15. ποιοῦντες γὰρ τὸ θέλημα τοῦ Χριστοῦ εὑρήσομεν ἀνάπαυσιν.5
16. καὶ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῷ εἷς ἐκ τοῦ ὄχλου· διδάσκαλε, ἤνεγκα6 τὸν υἱόν μου πρὸς σέ, ἔχοντα πνεῦμα ἄλαλον.7
17. ὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχοντες οὐ βλέπετε καὶ ὦτα8 ἔχοντες οὐκ ἀκούετε;
18. πολλὰ μὲν οὖν καὶ ἕτερα παρακαλῶν εὐηγγελίζετο τὸν λαόν.
19. αὐτὸς διώδευεν9 κατὰ10 πόλιν καὶ κώμην κηρύσσων καὶ εὐαγγελιζόμενος τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ οἱ δώδεκα σὺν αὐτῷ.
20. Εἰσελθὼν (after entering) δὲ εἰς τὴν συναγωγὴν ἐπαρρησιάζετο11 ἐπὶ μῆνας τρεῖς διαλεγόμενος καὶ πείθων [τὰ] περὶ τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ θεοῦ.
Summary
1. Greek negates a word by adding the alpha privative to the beginning of a word (sentence 16).
2. You will see the distributive function of κατά, so be sure to remember it (sentence 19).
References
α. Mk 10:32; β. Mk 6:33; γ. Mk 3:31; δ. Mt 21:23; ε. Mt 27:36; ζ. (1 Pt 1:8); η. Mt 13:13; 1. Jn 6:59; 2. Mk 1:14; 3. Mk 13:6; 4. Ac 8:39; 5. Ac 15:35; 6. Mt 20:17; 7. Mk 1:39-40; 8. Jn 2:23; 9. Mt 20:20; 10. Rom 3:21; 11.—; 12. —; 13. Gen 3:5; 14. 1 Clem 12:5; 15. 2 Clem 6:7; 16. Mk 9:17; 17. Mk 8:18; 18. Lk 3:18; 19. Lk 8:1; 20. Ac 19:8.
1. What appears to be omitted from this final phrase?
2. On the placement of the main verb’s subject inside a participial phrase, see exercise 11, sentence 7.
3. διανοίγω, I open.
4. Hint: Is the person speaking male or female?
5. ἀνάπαυσις, -εως, ἡ, rest, relief.
6. This is an unusual aorist form from φέρω.
7. In English, when we want to negate a word, we can often add “ir-” or “un-” to the beginning of the word (e.g., “irreligious,” “unnecessary”). Greek does the same thing with “ἀ-” as in this word. It is called an “alpha privative.” ἄλαλον is from ἀ- and λάλος, the cognate noun to the verb λαλέω. What does ἄλαλον mean?
8. οὖς, ὠτός, τό, ear.
9. διοδεύω, I travel through.
10. This is a special function of κατά. It is called the “distributive” function, and it emphasizes that Jesus went to each city.
11. παρρησιάζομαι, I speak boldly.