1. Michaels, John, 158.
2. For a succinct argument for a single cleansing, see Witherington, John’s Wisdom, 85–86.
3. Cf. Luther, John, 22:219: “But even if it happened three times, that would not be heresy.”
4. For example, Morris, John, 166–69; Carson, John, 177–78; Köstenberger, John, 111; Craig L. Blomberg, The Historical Reliability of John’s Gospel: Issues and Commentary (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2001), 87–91; Darrell L. Bock, Luke, 2 vols., BECNT (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1996), 2:1576–77.
5. E. Randolph Richards, “An Honor/Shame Argument for Two Temple Clearings,” TrinJ 29 (2008): 19–43.
6. David A. deSilva, Honor, Patronage, Kinship & Purity: Unlocking New Testament Culture (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000), 23.
7. Richards, “An Honor/Shame Argument for Two Temple Clearings,” 31.
8. deSilva, Honor, Patronage, Kinship & Purity, 29. Cf. Bruce J. Malina, The New Testament World: Insights from Cultural Anthropology, 3rd ed. (Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2001), 33–36.
9. Richards, “An Honor/Shame Argument for Two Temple Clearings,” 33.
10. Ibid., 33–34.
11. Ibid., 35–37. Richards’s insights regarding the honor/shame dimension of the temple cleansings are helpful, but not all his responses to the alternative theory are without problems.
12. See Richard Bauckham, Jude and the Relatives of Jesus in the Early Church (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1990), 5–44.
13. See Klink, The Sheep of the Fold, 152–84.
14. BDAG 470.
15. Malina and Rohrbaugh, John, 79.
16. Barrett, John, 197.
17. See Moulton, Grammar, 1:22–26.
18. Michaels, John, 159–60.
19. Cf. Wallace, Greek Grammar, 79–81.
20. McHugh, John 1–4, 205.
21. John Goldingay, Psalms, 3 vols., BCOT (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2006–8), 2:344.
22. Richards, “An Honor/Shame Argument for Two Temple Clearings,” 34.
23. Wallace, Greek Grammar, 489–91. Cf. BDF § 387.2.
24. Richards, “An Honor/Shame Argument for Two Temple Clearings,” 35.
25. Ibid.
26. Luther, John, 22:229.
27. Calvin, John 1–10, 54.