1. Barrett, John, 202.
2. Don Williford, “John 3:1–15—gennêthênai anôthen: A Radical Departure, a New Beginning,” RevExp 96 (1999): 451–61 (453).
3. Cf. Gabi Renz, “Nicodemus: An Ambiguous Disciple? A Narrative Sensitive Investigation,” in Challenging Perspectives on the Gospel of John, ed. John Lierman, WUNT 2.219 (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2006), 255–83.
4. Sandra M. Schneiders, “Born Anew,” ThTo 44 (1987): 189–96 (190).
5. Barrett, John, 204.
6. BDAG 673.
7. Bauckham, Jesus and the Eyewitnesses, 88.
8. Bauckham, “Nicodemus and the Gurion Family,” in Testimony of the Beloved Disciple, 137–72 (161).
9. Ibid., 162.
10. F. P. Cotterell, “The Nicodemus Conversation: A Fresh Appraisal,” ExpTim 96 (1985): 237–42 (238).
11. Brant, Dialogue and Drama, 129.
12. McHugh, John 1–4, 223.
13. Ibid., 224.
14. Ward Parks, Verbal Dueling in Heroic Narrative: The Homeric and Old English Traditions (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990), 6.
15. Carson, John, 187.
16. Cf. Schnackenburg, John, 1:367–68; Mark Edwards, John, BBC (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2004), 46.
17. Brant, Dialogue and Drama, 127.
18. Jonathan T. Pennington, Heaven and Earth in the Gospel of Matthew, NovTSup 126 (Leiden: Brill, 2007), 255.
19. Brant, Dialogue and Drama, 129.
20. See Bultmann, John, 137.
21. Carson, John, 194.
22. Michaels, John, 185.
23. Hoskyns, Fourth Gospel, 215.
24. Morris, John, 195.
25. Carson, John, 198.
26. Brant, Dialogue and Drama, 129.
27. Brant, Dialogue and Drama, 130.
28. Bauckham, Jesus and the Eyewitnesses, 378.
29. Ibid., 372 (emphasis original).
30. Morris, John, 197.
31. Schnackenburg, John, 1:378.
32. Cf. Carson, John, 199.
33. See Wallace, Greek Grammar, 690–99, especially 698.
34. For a defense of the latter, see Carson, John, 199–200.
35. Michaels, John, 194.
36. Cf. B. F. Westcott, The Epistles of St. John (London: Macmillan, 1982), 215.
37. Hooker, “Beginnings and Endings,” 186.
38. Ibid., 186.
39. Wallace, Greek Grammar, 673.
40. BDAG 742, definition 3.
41. Robert H. Gundry and Russell W. Howell, “The Sense and Syntax of John 3:14–17 with Special Reference to the Use of οὕτως . . . ὥστε in John 3:16,” NovT 41 (1999): 24–39.
42. Ibid., 35.
43. BDAG 569.
44. Schnackenburg, John, 1:407. Cf. Hoskyns, Fourth Gospel, 208.
45. Cf. Barrett, John, 218.