Index
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Note: Page numbers in italics reference photographs and figures.
Académie de Médecine, 194
Académie des Sciences
Curie-Curie research presentations, 39–40, 41–42, 43, 63, 201
Curie-Joliot research presentations, 219, 242
first female admission to, 267
Irène Curie’s exclusion from, 261
Joliot’s admission to, 261
journal published by (Comptes rendus), 49–50, 86, 94–95, 117, 198, 243
Laboratoire Curie research presentations, 95, 117, 198, 267
Marie Curie’s exclusion from, 94–95, 111–14, 115, 194, 198
Pierre Curie’s admission to, 62
actinium, 49, 58, 61, 132, 246, 249–50, 265–67, 284
actinon, 204, 279
Alexandrovitch Scholarship, 18, 32–33
Alfonso XIII (king), 181, 238
alpha rays/particles
actinium and, 267
charge of, 61, 70
gas ionization and, 203
radiation from elements struck with, 240, 241–42, 252–54
radioisotopes created by, 255–56
Rutherford’s discovery of, 50
transmutation of elements and, 57, 70, 73, 74, 87, 215
aluminum, 252–54, 255–56
American-Scandinavian Foundation, 142, 143
Anderson, Carl, 248
anemia, 203, 208, 224, 235, 241, 258
anti-electrons (positrons), 248, 252–54
Archinard, Isabelle, 233–34, 269
Armet de Lisle, Émile
background, 58, 271
factory of, 58, 164, 172, 178. (See also Sels de radium)
on Marie’s lab expansion, 87
as Marie’s supplier, 58, 77, 81–82, 84–85, 164, 172
prospectors employed by, 84, 91
Arrhenius, Svante, 122–23, 132, 142
astatine, 267, 283–85
Ayrton, Barbara, 128–29
Ayrton, Hertha
Marie’s relationship with, 130–32, 141, 151
photograph of, 131
political activism of, 128–29
research interests of, 92–93, 116, 130–31
World War I contributions by, 161–62, 162
Ayrton, William, 92–93
Ayrton Fan, 161–62, 162
Barling, Gilbert, 142
Becker, Herbert, 240, 242
Béclère, Antoine, 101, 152, 164, 194, 238, 271
Becquerel, Henri, 35–36, 41, 43, 49–50, 55, 70, 95, 123, 269
Beilby, George, 134, 139
Bémont, Gustave, 42, 43
beta rays/particles, 50, 57, 61, 70, 215, 223, 266–67
Blanquies, Lucie, 89–90, 94, 95, 99, 110, 168
Blau, Marietta, 249, 269
Bødtker, Eyvind, 82–83, 227
Boguski, Józef, 12, 41
Bohr, Niels, 186, 198, 222, 223, 239–40, 253, 254
Boltwood, Bertram
background, 90
birth and death of, 269
correspondence with Rutherford, 90, 109, 126, 127–28, 132, 142–43, 191
Gleditsch’s work with, 142–43, 145–47, 175
Marie’s meetings with, 191
research interests of, 90–91, 145–47
Bonnevie, Kristine, 183, 184, 197, 227
Borel, Émile, 122, 235
Borel, Marguerite, 122
Born, Max, 223
Bothe, Walther, 240, 242
Bouchard, Charles, 55, 114
Bouty, Edmond, 53
Branly, Édouard, 113, 114
Brazilian Federation for Female Progress, 217
Brooks, Harriet. (See also Pither, Harriet Brooks)
background, 71–74
birth and death of, 269
engagements and marriage of, 75–76, 78–79, 104–5, 110, 132, 183, 204
IFUW chapter founded by, 183
photograph of, 72
research interests of, 74–75, 76–79
on women in research, 75–76, 79, 104–5
Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), 133–35, 232
Byers, Eben, 247
Cabrera, Blas, 237
Cailliet, René, 202–3
Caisse Nationale des Sciences, 235
Canac, François, 158
Carlough, Margaret, 208
Carnegie, Andrew, 77
Chadwick, James, 243–44, 247–48, 252, 253, 259
Chamié, Catherine, 195–96, 198, 206, 238, 249, 269
Chauffard, Anatole, 194, 195
Chavannes, Alice, 81, 96, 116, 129
chlorine, 52, 161–62, 227
Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne, 267
cloud chambers, 248, 280
Comptes rendus, 49–50, 86, 94–95, 117, 198, 243
Compton, Arthur Holly, 223, 239, 280
copper, 85–86
Cotelle, Sonia Slobodkine, 179, 198, 221–22, 238, 266, 269
Cotton, Aimé, 163
Cotton, Eugénie Feytis, 170, 220–21. (See also Feytis Eugénie)
Crompton, Rookes, 33
Crookes, William, 70
curie (radioactivity unit), 109, 232–33
Curie, Eugène (Pierre’s father)
birth and death of, 104, 263, 272
living with Marie, 49, 60, 69, 80, 97, 98, 101, 121
Marie’s first meeting with, 22
as wife’s caregiver, 23
Curie, Ève Denise (daughter)
birth of, 60
childhood, 63, 63, 96, 109, 118, 127, 137–38, 137, 141
correspondence with mother, 216, 228, 229–30, 235, 236, 250, 255
death of, 272
education, 95–96, 104, 130, 199, 205
employment of, 220
health of, 174, 204–5
home described by, 200
marriage of, 263, 272
mother’s death, x, 257–59
musical talent, 96, 116, 205
nursing her mother, 200, 257
post-WWI vacation, 176
traveling with family, 187–92, 187, 213, 237–39
World War I and, 148, 151, 155, 157, 164–65, 169
World War II and, 262–63
writing by, x–xi, 96, 261–62
Curie, Irène (daughter)
birth of, 31–32, 269
childhood, 33, 38–39, 42, 60, 63, 63, 80, 85, 109, 118, 127, 137–38, 137
childhood in lab, 49
correspondence with mother, 142, 177, 207, 221–22, 229–30, 236, 237–39, 245
courtship and wedding, 205–7, 213, 216, 217–18
at Curie Foundation gala, 201
death of, 261, 269
doctoral dissertation, 203, 205
early education, 80–81, 95–97, 130
education during World War I, 155, 160, 164, 165, 169, 174
father’s death, 64, 65, 97, 104
grandfather’s death, 104
health issues, 204–5, 219–20, 222, 224, 235–36, 241, 244, 250, 260
lab friendships, 225–26
Laboratoire Curie positions, 174–75, 199, 249–50, 258, 261
lab protégées and mentees of, 218, 223
lab upgrades by, 247–48
marriage of, 218, 219, 220, 224, 235–36 (See also Joliot, Frédéric)
Nobel Prize winner, 259–60
personal qualities of, 65, 80, 206
pregnancies and motherhood, 219–20, 221–22, 241, 244 (See also Joliot, Hélène; Joliot, Pierre)
radiology work by, 155–56, 160, 166, 172
research breakthrough, 256
research collaborations with husband, 234–35, 241–42, 243–45, 252–54, 255–56, 259, 264
at Solvay Council, 252–54, 253
travel with family, 123, 141, 176, 187–92, 187, 201, 216–17
World War I and, 148, 151, 154, 155–56, 156, 160, 164, 165, 169, 174
World War II and, 260
Curie, Jacques (Pierre’s brother)
birth and death of, 272
brother’s death, 64
comments on Marie, 22, 121
contributions to brother’s biography, 192
research interests of, 28, 37
travel with family, 80, 141, 169
Curie, Marie Sklodowska
American interview and support, 180–82
American tours, 185, 186–92, 187, 189, 224, 228–29
associates (overview), 271–72
birth of, 3, 269
Brazilian tour, 216–17
on commercial radium products, 135–36, 247
courtship and wedding, 19–25
death of, 257–58, 269
early life (See Sklodowska, Marya Salomea)
family ties (overview), 271–72
on health hazards of radioactivity research, 50, 179, 185–86, 203, 208, 221–22, 224, 247, 258
health issues during her 40s, 125, 126, 127, 129–32, 133
health issues during her 50s, 179–80, 185–86, 200–201
honors bestowed upon, ix, 141–42, 142, 201, 263
on husband’s death, 64–65, 69, 71, 76–77, 79, 249
laboratory enlargement of, 81–82
“Langevin affair”, x, 106, 107, 109–10, 116, 118, 119, 121–23, 137–38, 202
League of Nations and, 196–97
legacy of, 258–59, 264
married life, 25–26, 25, 27–28, 29–31, 33–34, 42, 43–44, 49, 55, 258
Nobel Prize winner, ix–x, 54–55, 56–57, 58–60, 61, 92, 121–24
pregnancies and motherhood, 29–32, 54, 59–60, 63 (See also Curie, Ève Denise; Curie, Irène)
professional ascent of, 63, 65, 69–71, 86–88, 92–94
radioactivists associated with, 269–71
radiology course by, x, 166–67, 168, 172
research for dissertation, 33, 35–43, 45–54
research on magnetism, 28–29, 30, 31, 32–33
research on radioactivity (See polonium; radium; uranium)
safety precautions used by, 46, 179, 186, 203–4
at Solvay Council, 119–121, 120, 126, 137, 144, 186, 202, 222–23, 239, 252, 253, 279
Spanish tour (1931), 237–40
teaching and lecturing, 51, 60, 69–71, 81, 86, 100–101
textbook on radioactivity by, 105–6, 110–11, 231, 259
World War I and, x, 148, 151, 152–59, 156, 159, 162–63, 166–67, 168, 171
writing and books by, 110–11, 176, 192–93
Curie, Maurice (Pierre’s nephew)
background, 144
birth and death of, 269
in Marie’s laboratory, 144, 199
World War I military service of, 152, 155, 158, 160, 161
Curie, Pierre (Marie’s husband)
Académie des Sciences membership, 62, 113
biography of, 192–93, 269
birth of, 269
childhood, 80
courtship and wedding, 19–25, 20, 25
on dangers of radioactivity, 50, 62
death of, 63–65, 69, 71, 76–77, 79, 104, 249, 269
early employment, 23–24
honors bestowed upon, 82, 109, 110–11, 123, 159, 263
on radium standard, 135
on Le Radium cover, 59
married life, 25–26, 27–28, 29–31, 33–34, 43–44, 49, 55, 258
Nobel Prize winner, 54–55, 56–57, 58–60, 61–62, 92
personal qualities of, 80, 206
research collaboration with brother Jacques, 28, 37
research collaboration with Marie, 37, 39–42, 45–49, 48, 50–51, 55, 62–63, 92–93, 260
Curie, Sophie-Claire Depouilly, 22, 31–32, 272
Curie Foundation, 180, 194, 201
curiethérapie, 101, 171, 180, 247, 264
Danne, Gaston, 93
Danne, Jacques, 93–94, 178, 270
Danysz, Jan Kazimierz, 129, 132, 144, 152, 154–55, 207
Darboux, Gaston, 55, 111–12, 113–14
Davis, Bergen, 75
Davy Medal, 54, 92, 275
Debierne, André
actinium discovery by, 76, 99
background, 48–49, 62, 64
birth and death of, 270
at Curie Foundation gala, 201
dissertation examiner, 205
at International Congress on Radiology and Research, 107–8
international radium standard and, 133–34
Laboratoire Curie positions, 71, 125–26, 127–28, 130, 135, 198, 238, 258, 261
on laboratory expansion, 87
research interests of, 76, 94, 102–3, 123, 266
retirement of, 261
World War I military service of, 152
de Broglie, Louis, 223
Demarçay, Eugène, 43
Demelander, Marcel, 203
Demenitroux, Maurice, 203
d’Espine, Jean, 233
Dirac, Paul, 223
Dluska, Bronya Sklodowska (Marie’s sister). (See also Sklodowska, Bronya)
birth and death of, 272
correspondence with Marie, 43–44, 54, 200, 204, 257
at Curie Foundation gala, 201
husband’s death, 236
at Marie’s dissertation, 53
at Marie’s funeral, 258
at Pierre’s funeral, 64
Marie Sklodowska-Curie Institute and, 207, 246–47
at Marie’s wedding, 25
marriage of, 14, 17
supporting Marie’s early years in Paris, 14–15, 17, 23, 27
travel with Marie, 123
visits with Marie, 250, 257
Dluski, Kazimierz, 14, 25, 43, 49, 236
Dorabialska, Alicja, 214, 234, 270
Doumergue, Gaston, 235
Duane, William, 94
Einstein, Albert
friendship with Marie, 137–38, 137
International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation (ICIC) and, 184, 196–97, 278
renouncing German citizenship, 252
Solvay Councils and, 119–21, 120, 186, 222, 223, 252
Einstein, Hans, 137–38, 137
electrons, 70, 223, 239–40, 248
Elichabe, Madeleine and Marie, 226
Ellen Richards Research Prize, 188, 278
Emanation Service, 167, 171–72, 180
emanation. (See radon, also actinium, radium, thorium)
Fermi, Enrico, 239
Feytis, Émilie Menant, 163
Feytis, Eugénie, 60, 76–77, 132, 163, 167–68. (See also Cotton, Eugénie Feytis)
Flying University, 8, 11–12, 81
Fondation Curie. (See Curie Foundation)
francium, 267, 284. (See also actinium)
Franz Ferdinand (archduke), 148
Frischauer, Louis, 94
Galabert, Renée, 179, 232
gamma rays, 61, 117, 128, 242, 243
Gautier, Armand, 114
Girard-Mangin, Nicole, 167, 277
Gleditsch, Ellen
American fellowship, 142–43, 145, 146–48, 175
background, 82–84, 83
birth and death of, 270
correspondence with Marie, 129–30, 168, 176
family life, 83, 136–37, 182–83
honors bestowed upon, 142, 147–48, 175, 182
IFUW and, 183, 226–27, 234
lab friendships, 99, 103, 110, 118, 182
League of Nations and, 234
personal interests, 234
research interests of, 85–86, 89–91, 94, 145–46, 175–76
on romantic relationships, 117
teaching and lecturing, 132, 226–28, 233, 234
World War I and, 164, 165–66, 167
World War II and, 269, 271
writing by, 132, 175, 275–76
Götz, Irén, 119–24, 132, 175, 270
Greenslade, C. E., 130, 162
Guillaume, Charles-Édouard, 134
Guye, Charles Eugène, 233
Hahn, Otto, 128, 173, 174, 270
Harding, Warren, 189, 189
Heisenberg, Werner, 223, 239
Henrietta (Marie’s cousin), 9, 10
Hitler, Adolf, 252
Holwech, Randi, 179
Holweck, Fernand, 169, 201
Hoover, Herbert, 228, 229, 229
Hoover, Lou Henry, 228
IFUW. (See International Federation of University Women)
inert (noble) gases, 85, 240, 275
Institut du Radium
completion of, 148, 178
family ties, 199
international makeup of, 198–99, 241
Irène Curie and, 175, 205, 225
laboratory secretary, 178
planning, 106
safety standards at, 186, 204
student supervision, 197–98
World War I and, 159
Institute of Nuclear Physics, 261
International Commission for the Radium Standard, 126–27, 133–34, 232–33
International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation (League of Nations), 184, 196–97, 238, 250–51
International Congress on Nuclear Physics, 239–40
International Congress on Radiology and Electricity, 107–9
International Federation of University Women (IFUW), 183, 197, 226–28, 234, 249, 278
International Radium Congress, 173
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 140, 204, 278
ionium, 146, 147, 277, 282
Ismay, Hastings Lionel, 263
isotopes, 139–40, 173, 192, 226, 255–56, 275
Jablonski, Wladislav, 207
Jeans, James, 119, 220
Joliot, Emilie Roederer, 216, 245
Joliot, Frédéric
background, 202–3
birth of, 270
courtship and wedding, 205–7, 206, 213, 216, 217–18
death of, 261, 270
doctoral dissertation, 234–35
health issues, 219
lab upgrades by, 247–48
marriage of, 218, 219, 220, 224, 235–36
Nobel Prize winner, 259–60
research collaborations with Irène, 234–35, 241–42, 243–45, 252–54, 255–56, 259, 264
at Solvay Council, 252–54
World War II Résistance activities by, 260–61
Joliot, Hélène, 222, 235–36, 260, 272
Joliot, Jeanne, 216
Joliot, Marguerite, 216
Joliot, Pierre, 244, 260, 272
Journey Among Warriors (Ève Curie), 262
Kernbaum, Miroslaw, 94
Klein, Marthe, 167–68, 169, 172, 176, 221
Kolowrat, Léon, 94
Korvezee, Antonia, 236, 270
Laborde, Albert, 61, 62
Labouisse, Ève Curie, 263, 272. (See also Curie, Ève Denise)
Labouisse, Henry Richardson, Jr., 263
Langevin, Jeanne Desfosses, 106, 107, 109–10, 118, 157, 251
Langevin, Paul
background, 81
birth and death of, 272
at Irène dissertation celebration, 205–6
“Langevin affair”, x, 106, 107, 108, 109–10, 116, 118, 119, 121–23, 137–38, 202
League of Nations and, 197
Liaison with Éliane Montel, 251
at Solvay Council, 120
as Solvay Physics Council chairman, 251–54
World War I and, 165, 167, 169, 272
World War II and, 261, 272
Langevin, Paul-Gilbert, 251, 271
Laporte, Marcel, 191–92
La radiologie et la guerre (Marie Curie), 192
Lattes, Charles, 94
Lattès, Jeanne, 195, 270
Laue, Max von, 144
League of Nations, 184, 196–97, 234, 250–51
Le Radium (periodical), 58, 59, 86, 93, 94–95, 117, 132
Leslie, May Sybil
background, 98–101, 100, 104, 119, 276
birth and death of, 270
on Debierne, 99, 198
honors bestowed upon, 175
lab friendships, 103, 110, 182
research interests of, 99–100, 103, 117
work with Rutherford, 117, 132
World War I and, 165–66
Liard, Louis, 135–36
Lippmann, Gabriel, 18–19, 20, 39–40, 53–54, 95, 128
lithium, 85–86, 240, 242
Lodge, Oliver, 142
Lorentz, Hendrik Antoon
birth and death of, 251, 272
International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation and, 184, 197
Nobel Prize winner, 246
photographs of, 120, 142
at Solvay Councils, 119–21, 223, 251
Lowys, Pierre, 257
Lub, Wilhelmina “Willy,” 245–46, 249, 265, 270
Lyman, Theodore, 143, 147
Madame Curie (Ève Curie), x–xi, 96, 261–62
magnetism (steel) research, 19–21, 28–29, 30, 31, 32–33
Magrou, Jean, 81
Maracineanu, Stefania, 198, 270
Marckwald, Willy, 60, 63
Marconi, Guglielmo, 113
Marie Curie Radium Fund, 228
Marie Sklodowska-Curie Radium Institute and Hospital, 207, 246, 246
Marques, Branca Edmée, 241, 270
Meitner, Lise, 173, 174, 239, 252, 253, 254, 271, 280
Meloney, Marie Mattingly, 180–82, 185–92, 187, 208, 228–30
Mendeleev, Dmitri, 12–14, 13, 57–58, 139
mercury, 102
mesothorium, 140, 198, 203, 278, 280, 282
Meyer, Stefan, 127–28, 173–74, 232, 271
Michelson, Albert, 186
Millerand, Alexandre, 201
Millikan, Robert, 186, 197
Miner, Harlan, 208
Mitterrand, François, 211, 263
Moisson, Henri, 53
Molinier, Henri, 176
Molinier, Madeleine Monin, 172, 176, 179, 232
Montel, Éliane, 220, 221, 251, 271
Mouton, Henri, 81
Nénot, Henri-Paul, 116
neutrons, 243–44, 247–48, 252–54, 259
Newton, Mary, 73. (See also Rutherford, Mary Newton)
Nobel, Alfred, ix, 62, 275
noble (inert) gases, 85, 240, 275
nucleus, 138, 240, 241–42, 243–44, 252
Onnes, Heike Kamerlingh, 117–18, 120, 136
Ostwald, Wilhelm, 56–57
Paderewski, Ignacy Jan, 116, 199
Painlevé, Paul, 122
Panthéon, 211, 263, 272
Pauli, Wolfgang, 223, 254
Perey, Marguerite, 249, 265–67, 266, 271
periodic table
background, 12–14, 13, 268, 273
evolution of, 57–58, 70, 87, 124, 173, 215, 246, 267–68
isotopes and, 139–40, 275
noble (inert) gases on, 240
Perrin, Aline, 81, 164–65
Perrin, Francis, 81, 164–65, 254
Perrin, Henriette, 81, 107, 109, 110, 164–65, 186–87, 291
Perrin, Jean
Académie des Sciences member, 219, 242, 267
background, 80–81, 107, 109, 151, 157, 277
Caisse Nationale des Sciences and, 235
on Curie-Langevin affair, 110, 291
as dissertation examiner, 205
at International Congress on Radiology and Research, 107–8
at Solvay Councils, 119, 120, 276
phosphorus, 255–56
photons, 223
piezoelectricity, 28, 37, 167, 169, 274
Pilsudski, Józef, 172
pitchblende, 1, 39–43, 45–48, 50–51, 91, 124, 128, 134, 140, 190, 201, 207, 229, 246, 249, 179–80
Pitcher, Frank Henry, 78–79
Pitcher, Harriet Brooks, 78–79, 104–5, 110, 132, 183, 204. (See also Brooks, Harriet)
Planck, Max, 119–21, 120, 222, 239
Poincaré, Henri, 119, 120, 153
Poincaré, Raymond, 153
polonium
alpha radiation, 203, 215, 240, 241–42, 283–85
decay of, 60, 62–63, 214–15, 231–32, 283–85
discovery of, 41–43, 45
health hazards of, 221–22
isolation of, 45–49, 99, 124, 214–15, 218
Nobel Prize and, 121–24
periodic table and, 58, 70, 87, 124, 215
search for spectrum of, 99
Pompéï, Angèle, 225–26, 241, 271
Pope, William, 183
positrons (anti-electrons), 248, 252–54, 282
promethium, 267–68
proto-actinium, 173, 239, 250, 277
Przyborowska, Kazia, 5–6, 7–8, 25–26, 29–30
quantum mechanics, 119–21, 222–23, 239–40
radiation therapy, 101, 171, 180, 247, 264
radioactivists, list of, 269–71
radioactivists’ associates and family members, list of, 271–72
radiology. (See X–rays)
radio-tellurium, 60, 63. (See also polonium)
Radithor, 247
radium
American gift of, 188–91, 189–90, 228, 229
atomic weight, 51–53, 52n, 77, 140
commercial use of, 208, 247
decay of, 214–15, 231–32, 283
discovery of, 43, 45
emanation of, 61–62, 73, 74–75, 204, 232–33. (See also radon)
half-life determination, 101–2, 102n, 145–48, 147n
health hazards of, 50, 62, 128, 185–86, 208, 218, 224
isolation of, 45–51, 58, 84, 102–3
isotopes of, 139–40, 140n
medical uses, 101, 164, 180
Nobel Prize and, 121–24
periodic table and, 57–58
standard (international) for, 108–9, 126–28, 133–35, 153–54, 164, 232
supply issues, 90–91, 180
at temperature extremes, 117–18, 136
transformation, 72–74, 85–86, 145–46
-uranium ratio, 87–88, 90–91, 117
radium girls, 208, 224
Radium Institute. (See Institut du Radium)
radon, 204, 208, 214–15, 232–33, 238, 274, 278–79, 281–82
Ragot, Louis, 114, 155–56
Ramsay, William, 85–86, 123, 126, 172
Ramstedt, Eva
background, 110
birth and death of, 271
IFUW chapter founded by, 183
lab friendships, 110, 119, 166, 182
research interests, 132
writing by, 166, 175
Rayleigh, Lord (John William Strutt), 169
Razet, Jean Pierre, 178
Razet, Léonie, 178–80, 238
Regaud, Claudius
background, 152
birth and death of, 272
at Radium Institute opening ceremony, 246, 246
research interests of, 171–72, 180
World War I and, 157, 164
Richards, Theodore W., 147, 175
Roentgen, Wilhelm, 35, 54–55, 70
Róna, Erzsébet, 218, 271
Rosenblum, Salomon, 198
Rutherford, Ernest
atomic number-atomic weight connection, 173
background, 50, 57, 72–73, 76, 77–78, 141, 182
birth and death of, 271
correspondence with Boltwood, 90, 109, 126, 127–28, 132, 142–43, 191
correspondence with Gleditsch, 175
experiments on atomic structure, 138
lecturing style, 147
Leslie’s work with, 117, 132
on Marie’s honorary degree, 141, 142
Marie’s praise for, 123
married life, 73, 167, 183
Nobel Prize winner, 95
prediction of neutrons, 243–44
on radium’s dangers, 186
on radium standard, 108–9, 126, 127–28, 134
research on emanation (radon), 73–75, 279
research on radium, 91, 101, 146
research on transmutation, 57, 74
research on uranium, 50, 70, 91
at Solvay Councils, 119, 120, 253
on women in research, 183
World War I and, 165, 167
Rutherford, Mary Newton, 73, 167, 183
Sabin, Florence R., 188, 278
Schrödinger, Erwin, 223
Schützenberger, Paul, 46
séances, 102, 155
Seignobos, Charles, 235–36
Sels de Radium (Radium Salts), 58, 77, 81, 87, 91, 164, 167. (See also Armet de Lisle, factory of)
Sharp, Evelyn, 162
Sikorska, Jadwiga, 145
silicon, 254, 255–56
Sklodowska, Bronya (Marie’s sister), 4–5, 6, 8–9, 10, 11, 14, 272. (See also Dluska, Bronya Sklodowska)
Sklodowska, Helena (Marie’s sister), 5, 6, 7, 25, 96, 109, 129, 201, 272
Sklodowski, Józef (Marie’s brother)
birth and death of, 272
correspondence with Marie on family life, 11, 17, 18, 30, 60, 224
correspondence with Marie on health issues, 54, 55
correspondence with Marie on marriage, 24–25, 28
correspondence with Marie on Nobel Prize, 55, 56
correspondence with Marie on Poland, 173
at Curie Foundation gala, 201
education, 6
at Marie’s funeral, 258
at Pierre’s funeral, 64
Sklodowska, Marya Salomea
childhood and early education, 3–6, 10
courtship and wedding, 19–26 (See also Curie, Marie Sklodowska)
early employment, 8–10
magnetism research, 19–21
as “Marie,” 17
Parisian education, 14–15, 16–19
vacation with extended family, 6–8, 7
Sklodowski, Wladislaw (Marie’s father)
birth and death of, 53, 272
correspondence with Marie, 31–32, 53
devotion to Poland, 3–4
employment, 3, 4–5, 8
family ties, 6, 18, 30, 44, 49
on Marie’s love of science, 14
at Marie’s wedding, 25
Sklodowska, Zofia (Marie’s sister), 4, 272
Slobodkine, Sonia. (See Cotelle, Sonia Slobodkine)
Smithells, Arthur, 99, 103, 104, 117
Société Centrale des Produits Chimiques, 49, 58
Soddy, Frederick, 74, 123, 128, 134, 139, 142, 182, 271
Solvay, Ernest, 119, 120, 276, 279
Solvay Council (1911), 119–20, 120, 126
Solvay Council (1913), 144
Solvay Council (1921), 186
Solvay Council (1927), 222–23
Solvay Council (1933), 251–54, 253
Sonar research, 165, 167, 169
Sophie (duchess), 148
Standard Chemical Company, 190
Starke, Hermann, 82
steel (magnetism) research, 19–21, 28–29, 30, 31, 32–33
suffragist cause, 128–29, 131
Szalay, Hanna, 96, 109, 118, 127
Szalay, Stanislaus, 96
Szilard, Bela, 94
Szmidt, Jadwiga, 115, 119, 148, 271
Téry, Gustave, 122
Third International Congress on Radiology, 238–39
Thomson, J. J., 36–37, 70, 74, 75, 144, 182
Tho-Radia product line, 247
thorium
background, 39–40, 41, 45
commercial use of, 209
emanation of, 85, 117, 132, 204, 279
family of, 139–40, 285
gas released by, 61–62
health hazards of, 203
isolation of, 99–100
thoron, 204, 279
Todd, Margaret, 139
Torres, António Sousa, 241, 270
Traité de Physique (Blanquies), 95
Traité de Radioactivité (Marie Curie), 110–11
Treaty of Versailles, 172
UNICEF, 263
uranium
background, 35–41, 45, 268
family of, 139, 215, 283
health hazards of, 50
isolation of polonium and radium from, 45–51, 99
radioactive decay series, 283
-radium ratio, 87–88, 90–91, 117
supply issues, 90–91
transformation, 61, 87–88, 145–46
Urbain, Georges, 133, 136, 198, 205, 235
U.S. Radium Corporation, 208, 224
Veil, Suzanne, 133, 163, 172
Villard, Paul, 61, 117
voitures radiologiques, 153, 157, 159–60, 159, 161, 169–70
von Schweidler, Egon, 128
von Wrangell, Margarethe, 125–26, 131–32, 271
Walesa, Lech, 263
Warburg, Emil, 55
Weiss, Pierre, 132, 163, 221
Welsbach Company, 208
Wertenstein, Ludwig, 129
Wibratte, Marie-Henriette, 249
Wilson, C. T. R., 248, 280
Wojciechowski, Stanislaw, 207
Women’s Social and Political Union, 128–29
Wood, Robert W., 142
World War I, 148, 151–60, 161–70, 171, 174, 272
World War II, 260–61, 262–63, 269, 271
X–rays
general, 35–37
medical uses, 152–53, 155–63, 166–70, 172, 238–39
Nobel Prize for research on, 54–55
radiology courses, 166–67, 168, 172
uranic ray comparison, 70
Yamada, Nobuo, 198–99, 218, 223–24
Yovanovitch, Dragolijub, 196, 198, 214
Zeeman, Pieter, 246, 265
Zorawski family, 9–11