253Index
abbreviations, 209, 210, 248–249
active communication, 111
active voice, 154, 208, 224–226
adjective, 205–206, 209, 210, 216, 223
adverb, 205–206, 209, 210, 216, 223
almost homophones, 243–245
American Psychological Association (APA), 232
amygdala, 32
apostrophe, 210–211, 216, 229–230
article, 216–217
audience consideration, 18
behavioral evidence, 45
breathing, 16
capital letters, 226
Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance, 186
centering, 16
chain of evidence, 45
chronological order, 252
class, 28–29
clauses, 221–222
clear and brief writing, 112, 208–209
clearance rate, of cases, 45
code of ethics, 5
cognitive behavior therapy, 32
comma, 206, 207, 210, 222, 228–229
conclusions, avoiding in reports, 112
confusing words, 233–245
conjunction, 206, 216, 221, 222
continued learning, 19
contractions, 246–248
correction officers, professional writing for, 135–136, 141–142
breakout writing assignment, 141
explanations for corrections and revisions, 137
field documents, 143–146
guidelines for reporting, 136
infraction narrative, 138–140
mini report, 138
online databases with drop-down menus, 135–136, 139–140
original report, 137
revised report, 138–141
court, professional writing for, 111–112, 119
breakout writing assignment, 118
exercise, 112
field documents, 120–134
improved court report, 114–115
improved court report, explanations of corrections, 114–115
original court report, 113
creative thinking, and problem solving, 16
critical thinking, 27
checklist, 21
and cultural competence, 24, 25
and diverse environment, 18
and ethical thinking, 18
and evidence, 19–20
foundation for, 22
254as a habit of mind, 16–17, 196–198
and human dignity, 17–18
and metacognition, 15–16
overview of, 13
and persistence, 19
and professional responsibility, 195
and racism, 31
and unreflective thinking, 20
and writing, 18–19
cultural awareness, 25–26
cultural competence, 38–40, 149
benefits of, 25
best practices, 26
and the brain, 29–38
breakout writing assignments, 24–25, 29, 33, 37
class, 28–29
definition of, 23
race and culture, 27
understanding and practicing, 23
declarative sentences, 206, 207, 217, 219–220
denial, and metacognition, 15
Department of Business Regulation, 185
Dewey, J., 17
disciplinary offenses, in prison, 140
discrimination, 23, 27. See also cultural competence
dispassionate investigator, 45
Driving Under the Influence (DUI) arrest and report procedures, 8–9
economic insecurity, and crime, 28
education, and poverty, 28
effective communication, 111
effective thinking, 15. See also critical thinking
effective writing, fundamentals of, 203–204
abbreviations, 209
brackets, 211
clear and brief writing, 208–209
clichés, 212
complex sentences, 206
compound sentences, 206
dashes, 211
hyphens, 211
misplaced and dangling modifiers, 207
nouns and pronouns, 205–206
parentheses, 211
plagiarism, 212
punctuations, 210–211
quotation marks, 211
sentences, 204–205
stereotyping, 212
word usage, 207–209
writer’s judgment, 209
Einstein, Albert, 19
Elder, R., 138
English, standard usage of, 112, 153
Ennis, R., 17
ethical thinking, and critical thinking, 18
ethnicity, 27
evidence-based thinkers, 20
excess verbiage, 226
exclamation points, 229
exclamatory sentences, 206, 207
explicit bias, 30–31
family foundations, grant application, 187–192
field documents
correction officers, 143–146
court, 120–134
law enforcement, 56–109
probation and parole, 160–182
fight or flight reactions, 32
fragmented sentences, 153, 204
Glantz, T., 6
grant writing for the justice professional, 183–184, 193
budget, 185
curriculum vitae, 185
exercise, 187
explanation for corrections and revisions, 191–192
final version, 191–192
first draft, 188–189
grant application, small religious or family foundations, 187–192
grant instructions, 184
Internet resources, 186
principal investigator, 185
second draft, 189–190
start-up programs, 184–185
sustainability, 184
theory of change, 184–185
groupthink, 21
A Guide to Funding Resources, 186
255habit of mind, and critical thinking, 16–17
HHS Grants Forecast, 186
homophones, 233–243
almost homophones, 243–245
human dignity, and critical thinking, 17–18
imperative sentences, 206, 207, 220
Implicit Association Test, 30
implicit bias, 30–31
incomplete sentences, 207, 220, 221
independent clauses, 221
infinitive verb, 214
information, organization of, 252
infraction narrative, 138–140
information in, 140
in-groups, 31–32
interrogative sentences, 206, 207, 220
interviewing skills, 148
introductory pronoun, 221
irregular verbs, 214
kinesics, 45
labeling, 251
Latin abbreviations, 249
law enforcement, professional writing for, 43–45, 54–55
advanced level original police reporting, 48
advanced level original police reporting with errors and corrections noted, 49
advanced level revised police report, 51
beginning level original police report, 46
breakout writing assignments, 46
corrections for first draft, 47
field documents, 56–109
final report, additional corrections in, 51–52
revised draft with corrections and explanations, 47
logic modeling, 184–186
memory, avoiding reliance on, 150
and critical thinking, 15–16
Michigan State University Libraries, 186
mindfulness, 17–18, 19, 31, 112
mini report, 138
misplaced and dangling modifiers, 207, 223–224
misused words, 245–246
modifiers, 205–206, 210, 218–219
narrow thinking, 15
nonverbal cues, 45
note taking skill, 54, 148, 149
numbers, 249
Office of Justice Programs, 186
opinions, 227
oral testimony preparation, 157–159
others, the, 31–32
out-groups, 31–32
parole. See also probation and parole, professional writing for
and probation, difference between, 147
reports, 112
passive voice, 154, 208, 210, 224–226
past tense, 215
Paul, R., 138
personal integrity, 18
phrases, 221
plural possessive pronouns, 230
police officers, code of ethics, 5
police profiling, 35
advanced level, 48
advanced level with errors and corrections noted, 49
advanced level revised reporting, 51
beginning level original, 46
explanations for revisions and corrections, 49, 51–52
possessive nouns and pronouns, 215–216, 230
poverty, and crime, 28
predicates, 217–219
prefrontal cortex, 32
prejudices, 30
prepositions, 249–250
presentencing reports, 148–149
information in, 148–149
present tense, 214
probation and parole, professional writing for, 147–150
corrected version, 155–156
256explanations for corrections and revisions, 155–156
field documents, 160–182
final report drafting, 152–153
final review of the narrative, 153–154
formatting, 153
infractions narrative, 148
narrative function, 150
notes, 150–152
notes organization, 150–151
note taking, 150
oral testimony preparation, 157–159
outline and report, 152
presentencing reports, 148–149
staged writing process, 149–153
violation reports, 148
probation
and parole, difference between, 147
reports, 112
problem solving, and creative thinking, 17
procrastination, avoiding, 18
professional engagement, 19
professional judgment, 251–252
professional responsibility, 13, 14
punctuation, 154, 210–211, 219, 221, 227–233
question marks, 229
redundancies, 226
reflection, 16
and metacognition, 15
requests for proposals (RFPs), 183, 186
research phase, 149
responsibility, professional, 13, 14
risk management, 7–8
run-on sentences, 207, 222–223
Rural Assistance Center, 186
semicolon, 206, 210, 219, 221, 222, 227
declarative sentences, 206, 207, 217, 219–220
exclamatory sentences, 206, 207, 220
fragmented, 204
imperative sentences, 206, 207, 220
incomplete sentences, 207, 220, 221
interrogative sentences, 206, 207, 220
run-on sentences, 207, 222–223
Sidell, N., 10
singular possessive pronouns, 230
small religious foundations, grant application, 187–192
snap judgments, 25
social skills programs, 32
socioeconomic diversity, 28–29
solvability factors, 45
Sommers, N., 213
staged writing process, 149
final report drafting, 152–153
notes, 150–152
outline and report, 152
research phase, 149
stereotyping, 212
subject, 204, 214, 216, 217, 220, 224
subordinate clauses, 222
subordinate conjunction, 221
syntax, 224
that end in consonants, 250–251
thoughts and feelings, 15–16
unreflective thinking, 20
violation reports, 148
vocabulary, 14
with punctuation marks, 232–233
word usage, 207–209
writing, rationale for, 3–11
writing-as-documentation, 7–8