Index

absolute space 16-17

accelerating universe 42, 46-48, 59

access consciousness 104-5

accuracy 47

Adams, A.C. 33

adaptation 68-73, 75-76, 78-81

algorithmic level 89-90

algorithms 86-91, 99-100

analyticity 8

Andromeda Nebula 22

animate vision 127

anomalies 10

anthropic principle 27, 52-66

anthropocentrism 53

anti-gravity 42, 45

anti-realism 18, 36

anti-WIMPs 41

antinomies of reason 16

Aristotelians 3, 9

Armstrong, L. 105

artefacts 129-30

artificial intelligence 86, 123

Asimo robot 124-26

astronomy 1, 6, 10, 20-21, 33, 35-36, 42-43, 53, 61, 63

attentional sets 114

attraction 16-17, 45

Australia 6

autism 99

auxiliary hypotheses 34, 45

awareness 10918

Babylonians 14

Banks, M. 95

Barsalou, L. 129

baryons 33, 44-45

Baumgarten, A. 15-16

Bayes, T. 92

Bayes' theorem 44, 58, 88, 92-100

Bekenstein, J. 44, 47

Belgium 112

Bellarmine, R. 1-2, 4

BICEP2 experiment 61-62

Big Bang 20, 24-25, 27, 52, 59-60

biology 8, 27, 68, 70, 72, 76-78, 80-81, 99, 123-25, 130

bistable images 114-16

black holes 58

Block, N. 104

Bloom, P. 80

bluefin tuna 124, 130

Bondi, H. 26, 28, 46

Bongard, J. 126

brain 70-73, 75-76, 81-82, 86-102; consciousness 106-9, 111-18; embodied cognition 123-24, 126, 129-31

caloric theory 6

carbon 53 -54

Carmel, D. 103-22

Carnap, R. 5, 8

Carter, B. 52-53, 55-57

causal contact 59

causal explanations 3

CERN 41

Chabris, C.F. 114

Chalmers, D. 107

change blindness 114

chapter summaries 11, 29-30, 49, 64, 82-83, 100, 118-19, 131-32

chemistry 4

Churchland, P. 127

Clark, A. 123-34

Clavius, C. 3

closed universe 21

cognition 123-34

cognitive science 91, 123

cold dark matter 38

Collins, S.H. 125-26

Colombe, L. delle 3

complex systems 75, 77, 79-81, 87, 91, 106, 123

computation 86-89, 91-92, 97, 99 100; architectures 87-88; embodied cognition 127-28, 130-31; level 89-91

computational theory of mind 88

computers 68, 73-76, 80, 82-83, 87-88

concordance model (ACDM) 33, 38, 41, 43-48

conjecture 6-7

consciousness 5455, 57, 88, 103-22

context 3, 54-55

continuous flash suppression (CFS) 116-17

Copermcan principle 18, 47, 55, 63

Copernicus, N. 1-2, 6, 10, 53, 63

cortex 111-12, 115-17

cosmic microwave background (CMB) 24-27, 40-41, 44, 46-47, 58-59, 61

cosmic rays 41

Cosmides, L. 71, 73, 75

cosmogony 14, 16

cosmological constant 20-21, 38, 42, 46

cosmological natural selection 26-27

cosmological principle 18, 46

cosmology 4, 9-10, 14-32, 44-46, 52-66

creation myths 19

Cremonini, C. 3

crises 9-10

culture 2, 76-78, 80-82, 130

dark energy (DE) 14, 20-21, 33-51, 58-59

dark gravity 47

dark matter (DM) 14, 33-51, 58

Darwin, C. 53

De Sitter, W. 20-21, 25, 42

Deacon, T. 81

deduction 6-7, 9, 63

default-mode network 112

deficit theory 98-99

delusions 99

Dennett, D. 105

depression 99

Descartes, R. 34, 103

Design/Designer 53-54, 57

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM - V) 99

direct experimental evidence 48

disciplinary matrices 10

disorders of consciousness 112-13

Doppler shift 19, 22-23

dorsal attention network 112

dream states 110

Duhem, P. 4, 7-9, 34-35, 45

Duhem-Quine thesis 7-9

dwarf galaxies 43-44

Earth 1-2, 17-18, 23, 25

Eckert, P. 87

ecological balance principle 126

ecological inheritance 69-70, 91

Eddington, A. 6

Einstein, A. 6, 20-21, 23, 34, 36, 42, 44, 46

electromagnetism 25, 41-42, 53, 58, 61

embodied cognition 123-34

empirical equivalence 35-36, 46-48

empiricists 5, 48, 67, 109

entrenchment 35, 48

environment of evolutionary adaptation 71-73, 75-76, 78, 82

environmental filtering 68-69, 72, 82

environmentally embedded action 123-24, 126-31

epistemic relativism 1-4

epistemologists 1

Ernst, M. 95

ether 6, 23, 34

Euclid 29

event horizon 18

evidence 1-4, 7-9, 33-37, 45, 48, 93, 95, 115-16

evolution 68, 111, 123, 126

evolutionary psychology 68, 70-73, 75-82

exemplars 10

expanding universe 19-25

experimental evidence 6, 9, 61

explanatory gaps 107

extraterrestrials 54, 56, 64

face value 35-36

falsification 4-7, 9-10, 27-28, 47, 57

fear conditioning 116-17

feedback loops 117-18

Fermi Observatory 41

Fermi's paradox 56

final anthropic principle (FAP) 57

Fitzpatrick, P. 126-27

Fizeau, H. 17

flat rotation curves 43, 47-48

fluid dynamics 124

folk concepts 103-5

Foucault, J.-B. 17

Frank, P. 5

free fall 5, 14, 16-17

Freud, S. 5

Friedmann, A. 21, 38, 44, 59

Fnedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) models 33, 46-48

fronto-parietal network 112, 115

functional connectivity 112

galaxy clustering 25, 40-41, 43, 45

galaxy surveys 14, 18-20, 46, 48

Galileo 1-4, 6, 17

gamma rays 41

Geisteswissenschaften 5

general relativity (GR) 6, 21, 28, 33-34, 36, 45, 47-48

genetics 68-70, 76-78, 82

geocentrism 1-2, 4

geography 8, 128

geology 53

geometry 92

Germany 16

Gesialt 10

Gliner, E.B. 59

global neuronal workspace theory 117

Goldilocks zone 53

Grassi, H. (pseudonym: Sarsi, L.) 3

gravity 7, 16, 20-21, 25

Great Silence 56

Greeks 14, 94

guessing machines 91-93

Guth, A. 60

Hahn, H. 5

hallucination 99

hard problem of consciousness 106-7

Heisenberg, W. 42

heliocentrism 1, 3-4, 6, 53

helium 25, 52

heuristics 16, 48

Higgs boson 60, 62

Higgs, P. 60

higher cognition 128-31

higher-order consciousness 104

Hodgins, J.K. 124

hollow mask illusion 97

hominids 71-72, 80

Honda 124

hopping robots 124

horizon problem 18, 59

Hoyle, F. 24

Hubble bubble 46-47

Hubble, E. 19-21

Hubble Space Telescope 19

Hubble's law 19-21, 25, 39

human sciences 5

Hutchins, E. 130

hydrogen 25, 52

implementation level 90, 99-100

inattentional blindness 114

incommensurability 10

indeterminism 28-29

indirect empirical support 48

induction 4-7, 9, 17, 26-29

inference 16, 28-29, 38, 46, 57, 63, 91-95, 98-99

inflation 60-63

inflationary cosmology 25, 59

inflaton 60, 62

information integration theory 118

inheritance 69-70, 76-77

intelligence 54, 56, 64, 86-102, 123

interdisciplinarity 123

interferometers 34, 61

inverse-square law 39

isotropy 18, 46, 63

Jackson, F. 107

justification 1-4

Kaluza, T. 62

Kant, I. 16-17, 45

Kant-Laplace nebular hypothesis 16, 18

kinematics 125

Klein, O. 62

knowledge claims 1-4, 67-68, 70-71

Koyre, A. 6

Kuhn, T. 4, 9-10, 47

lactase persistence 77-78

language 78-81, 93, 129

Laplace, P.-S. 16

Large Hadron Collider (LHC) 41, 58

last scattering surface 24, 61

Laudan, L. 48

Lavoisier, A. 6

laws 14-32, 43, 47, 58, 103, 107

Le Verrier, U. 33-34

Leibniz, G. 29, 67

Lemaitre, G. 22

Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) model 46-48

Leplin, J. 48

light velocity 17, 34

likelihood 92

Linde, A. 60

linguistics 123

Locke, J. 67

locked-in syndrome 111

locomotion 124-25, 129

logic 5, 8, 35, 73, 75, 113

logical empiricists 5, 8-9

Lorentz-Fitzgerald contraction hypothesis 34

Lowell Observatory 20

lucid dreaming 110

McCrea, W.H. 18

McGurk effect 93, 97

Mach, E. 16-17, 26

machine learning 86, 92

machines 86-102

main theoretical assumptions 34, 45

maladaptation 72

Marr, D. 88-91

Marxism 5

masked priming 116

mass 103

Mataric, M. 128

Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (Principia) 10, 14-15

Mauchly, J. 87

Maupertuis, P.L. 15

Maxwell, J.C. 17

Mayans 14

mechanics 3436, 48

mental disorders 98-99

Mercury 33-36

metacognition 104

metaphysics 14-19, 26, 29

Metatoto robot 128-29

methodology 4-5, 10, 25-29, 48, 130

Michelson-Morley experiment 34

Milgrom, M. 47

Milky Way 18, 20, 61

mind" 67-86, 88, 123-34

mini-computers 68, 73-76, 80, 82-83

minimally conscious state 110-11

MIT 124

modified gravity 4445

modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) 43-45, 47

modularity theory 73, 75-76, 97

morphology 125-26

multi-modal input 126, 129

multiple samples 17, 27

multisensory integration 93-95

multiverse cosmology 52-66

Munitz, M.K. 26

Nagel, T. 107

NASA 25

nativism 67

natural kinds 105

natural sciences 4-5, 103, 107; Naturwissenschaften 4

natural selection 53-54, 68-69, 72, 75-76, 78, 80-81

Necker cube 114

Nernst, W. 42

nervous system 109, 127

neural activity 99-100

neural correlates of consciousness 109

Neurath, O. 5

neurobiology 99

neurocentrism 123

neuroscience 88, 107-8, 123

Newman, M. 87

Newton, I. 5-7, 10, 14, 16-17, 20, 26, 33-36, 43, 47-48, 62

niche construction 69, 78, 82

Nobel Prize 14, 39

non-access consciousness 104

normal science 9-10

Norton, J. 29

nucleosynthesis 52

observable universe 28

observation/observability 2, 6-7, 1432, 34

Ockhams razor 59

Oedipus complex 5

optical theory 3

optimality 98

origins of universe 14-32

paradigms 1, 9-10, 127

participatory anthropic principle (PAP) 57

passive dynamics 125-26

past light cone 18, 28

perceptual awareness 109, 11118

perceptual symbol systems 129-30

perfect cosmological principle 26

Pfeifer, R. 126

phenomenal consciousness 104-6, 108

phenomenology 106-7

philosophical zombies 107

philosophy of mind 67-68, 71, 73-76, 86, 88

phlogiston theory 6

photometry 14

physicalism 8

Pinker, S. 72, 80, 109

Planck, M. 41-42

Planck scale 58

Planck's constant 42

plasma 5455, 61

Plato 67

Pleistocene era 68, 70-72

plenitude, principle of 29

Popper, K. 4-7, 9-10, 27-28, 47

posterior probability 92

potential falsifier 6, 27

predictions 6-7, 27, 57, 88, 93

primordial nucleosynthesis 25

prior probability 92, 95-99

probabilistic representations 88, 98-100

progress 3, 9, 26

pseudo-science 46

psychiatry 98-99

psychology 5, 10, 16, 67-76, 78-82, 88, 104, 108-9, 123

Ptolemy 1, 6, 10, 53

Pythagoras 92

qualia 104-5, 109

quantum mechanics 42, 60

quantum theory 57

Quine, W.V.O. 4, 7-9, 35

radiation 22-25, 30, 40-42, 53-54, 58-61

radical embodiment 130-31

Raibert, M.H. 124

rational cosmology 16

rationality of theory choice 33-37

reason 1-4, 9, 16, 52, 54-55, 88, 127-30

recurrent processing 117-18

redshift 19-24, 39-40, 46

reductionism 8

reductive explanations 107-8

refutation 6-10

relativity theory 6, 21, 23, 28, 33-34, 36, 44-45, 47-48

repulsion 16-17, 45

reticular formation 111

Robotoddler 126

robots 12429

Rorty, R. 3

Rubin face-vase 114

satellites 25

scalar field 60, 62

schizophrenia 98-99

Schlick, M. 5

scientific realism 4, 18, 36

scientific revolutions 9-10

selective pressures 69, 77, 82

sentience 104

Simons, D. 114

simple embodiment 130-31

simplicity 47

simulators 129

singularity 23-25, 30, 59-60

Slipher, V.M. 20-22

Smeenk, C. 26

Smith, K. 67-85

Smolin, L. 26-27

social learning 70, 75-77, 80-81

social sciences 4

sociology 28, 41, 45

special relativity 23, 34

spectroscopy 14, 22, 25

speed-of-light limit 17-19

Stahl, G.E. 6

standard candles (or standard rulers) 38, 46

Stankevicius, A. 99

stardust 52

states of consciousness 109-13

statistics 58, 91-92, 97-98

steady-state universe 24, 26, 28

Stein, L. 128

Stern, O. 42

string theory 47, 62

strong anthropic principle (SAP) 56-57

Structure of Scientific Revolutions 9-10

subjectivity 105-6, 109, 114, 117

supernovae 14, 22, 26, 39, 41, 45, 47, 52, 55

symbol systems 129-30

synthetic/analytic distinction 8

task-negative network 112

task-positive network 112

teleology 16, 56-57

telescopes 2-3, 6, 19, 61

testability 1432, 57

textbook traditions 10, 23

textual evidence 2

thalamus 111

Thales 19

theology 16

theories of consciousness 117-18

thought experiments 107-8

time dilation 21-22

tired light hypothesis 22

Tooby, J. 71, 73, 75

Toto robot 128

traits 70, 76, 78, 80

transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 115

truth 3-5, 9

Turing, A. 87-88

two-globe experiment 16-17

uncertainty principle 41

underdetermination of theory by evidence 7-9, 33-37, 45

uniqueness 17, 26-28

Universal Turing Machine 87

unobservability 17-19

Uranus 33-34

vacuum density 41 42, 49, 58, 60, 62-64

vegetative states 109-13

velocity 103

ventriloquism 94

Venus 6

verification 5, 8

Vienna Circle 5

vision 75, 95-98, 103-5, 108, 115-17, 127-28, 130

visual illusions 95-98

visual masking 116

Von Neumann, J. 87

Vulcan 34, 36

wakefulness 104, 109-12

walking robots 124, 126

Wason, P. 73

weak anthropic principle (WAP) 55-57

weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) 41

Weinberg, S. 63

Weiss, Y. 97

Weyl, H. 21

Whitrow, G.J. 19, 28

Wolff, C. 16

zero-point energy 42, 58

Zwicky, F. 22