January 25 A READ EXODUS 19–20
The Ten Commandments
OVERVIEW
Except for its size, Israel could scarcely be called a nation. Up to this point it had been just a vast group of unorganized people. Self-government was impossible in Egypt, and at this point in the Scriptures there are still no laws. But at Mount Sinai, in a setting designed to remove distractions and to focus attention on God, the people receive their charter as God’s chosen nation. After declaring their willingness to obey the commands they are about to receive, the Israelites spend two days preparing themselves to hear God. On the third day, beginning with an awe-inspiring display on Mount Sinai, God delivers the principles on which the nation’s social and religious life will be based.
MY DAILY WALK
Which of these statements best describes the Christian life?
“The Christian life is a bunch of dos and don’ts!”
“The Christian life is liberty to do as I please!”
Neither one is true. To be sure, in Christ there is freedom from slavery to sin and release from the guilt of past failures. But liberty does not mean license to live as you please. The Israelites were free from Egyptian slavery, but they were not free to follow their every desire. God wanted them to live as his chosen people, so he gave them rules for their daily conduct—not to spoil their fun, but for their protection and profit, and to set them apart from the rest of the world as his own people.
Imagine what a ball game would be like without rules: no boundaries, no clock, no referees, no time limit. Probably no fun! Rules are essential for the enjoyment of life.
As you read through the list of commandments today, try to think of at least one way each command would make your life happier or safer. Is there one you need to work on today?
THE TABLETS AT SINAI WERE GIVEN TO SHOW THE NEED FOR THE CROSS AT CALVARY.
INSIGHT
What Was the Hike up Sinai Like? | Exod. 19:2
Mount Sinai is most often identified with Jebel Musa in the Sinai Peninsula (19:2). Jebel Musa is approximately 7,500 feet high and sits on the southern end of a granite mountain ridge two miles long and one mile wide. A plain adequate to hold Israel’s camp stretches before it.
INSIGHT
Take God’s Law Personally | Exod. 20:1-17
Although the law of Moses was designed to govern the conduct of the nation as a whole, Exodus 20:1-17 uses “you” in the singular form rather than the plural, reflecting the fact that the character of a nation depends on the character of its citizens as individuals.
The LORD Reveals Himself at Sinai
1Exactly two months after the Israelites left Egypt,* they arrived in the wilderness of Sinai. 2After breaking camp at Rephidim, they came to the wilderness of Sinai and set up camp there at the base of Mount Sinai.
3Then Moses climbed the mountain to appear before God. The LORD called to him from the mountain and said, “Give these instructions to the family of Jacob; announce it to the descendants of Israel: 4‘You have seen what I did to the Egyptians. You know how I carried you on eagles’ wings and brought you to myself. 5Now if you will obey me and keep my covenant, you will be my own special treasure from among all the peoples on earth; for all the earth belongs to me. 6And you will be my kingdom of priests, my holy nation.’ This is the message you must give to the people of Israel.”
7So Moses returned from the mountain and called together the elders of the people and told them everything the LORD had commanded him. 8And all the people responded together, “We will do everything the LORD has commanded.” So Moses brought the people’s answer back to the LORD.
9Then the LORD said to Moses, “I will come to you in a thick cloud, Moses, so the people themselves can hear me when I speak with you. Then they will always trust you.”
Moses told the LORD what the people had said. 10Then the LORD told Moses, “Go down and prepare the people for my arrival. Consecrate them today and tomorrow, and have them wash their clothing. 11Be sure they are ready on the third day, for on that day the LORD will come down on Mount Sinai as all the people watch. 12Mark off a boundary all around the mountain. Warn the people, ‘Be careful! Do not go up on the mountain or even touch its boundaries. Anyone who touches the mountain will certainly be put to death. 13No hand may touch the person or animal that crosses the boundary; instead, stone them or shoot them with arrows. They must be put to death.’ However, when the ram’s horn sounds a long blast, then the people may go up on the mountain.*”
14So Moses went down to the people. He consecrated them for worship, and they washed their clothes. 15He told them, “Get ready for the third day, and until then abstain from having sexual intercourse.”
16On the morning of the third day, thunder roared and lightning flashed, and a dense cloud came down on the mountain. There was a long, loud blast from a ram’s horn, and all the people trembled. 17Moses led them out from the camp to meet with God, and they stood at the foot of the mountain. 18All of Mount Sinai was covered with smoke because the LORD had descended on it in the form of fire. The smoke billowed into the sky like smoke from a brick kiln, and the whole mountain shook violently. 19As the blast of the ram’s horn grew louder and louder, Moses spoke, and God thundered his reply. 20The LORD came down on the top of Mount Sinai and called Moses to the top of the mountain. So Moses climbed the mountain.
21Then the LORD told Moses, “Go back down and warn the people not to break through the boundaries to see the LORD, or they will die. 22Even the priests who regularly come near to the LORD must purify themselves so that the LORD does not break out and destroy them.”
23“But LORD,” Moses protested, “the people cannot come up to Mount Sinai. You already warned us. You told me, ‘Mark off a boundary all around the mountain to set it apart as holy.’”
24But the LORD said, “Go down and bring Aaron back up with you. In the meantime, do not let the priests or the people break through to approach the LORD, or he will break out and destroy them.”
25So Moses went down to the people and told them what the LORD had said.