ENDNOTES

1 “Vital Signs (Body Temperature, Pulse Rate, Respiration Rate, Blood Pressure),” Johns Hopkins Medicine. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/vital-signs-body-temperature-pulse-rate-respiration-rate-blood-pres-sure.

2 “Stress,” Anxiety and Depression Association of America, AD A A. https://adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/related-illnesses/stress.

3 “5 Things You Should Know About Stress,” National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/stress/index.shtml.

4 Ashish Sharma, Vishal Madaan, and Frederick D. Petty. “Exercise for Mental Health.” The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1470658/.

5 “Positive Emotions and Your Health: Developing a Brighter Outlook,” News in Health, August 2015. https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2015/08/positive-emotions-your-health.

6 Claire Eagleson, Sarra Hayes, Andrew Mathews, Gemma Perman, and Colette R. Hirsch, “The Power of Positive Thinking: Pathological Worry Is Reduced by Thought Replacement in Generalized Anxiety Disorder,” Behaviour Research and Therapy 78 (March 2016): 13–18. doi:10.10i6/j.brat.2015.12.017. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4760272/.

7 “Daily Life,” The American Institute of Stress. https://www.stress.org/daily-life.

8 “Brain Reward Pathways,” Icahn School of Medicine | Neuroscience Department | Nestler Lab | Brain Reward Pathways. https://neuroscience.mssm.edu/nestler/brainRewardpathways.html.

9 “Aromatherapy with Essential Oils,” National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/patient/aromatherapy-pdq?redirect=true.

10 Y. Soudry, C. Lemogne, D. Malinvaud, S.-M. Consoli, and P. Bonfils, “Olfactory System and Emotion: Common Substrates,” European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases 128, no. 1 (January 11, 2011): 18–23. doi:10.10l6/j.anorl.2010.09.007. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21227767.

11 Lavender. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 2008. https://nccih.nih.gov/health/lavender/ataglance.htm.

12 Peppermint Oil. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 2008. https://nccih.nih.gov/health/peppermintoil.

13 Mark Moss, Steven Hewitt, Lucy Moss, and Keith Wesnes, “Modulation of Cognitive Performance and Mood by Aromas of Peppermint and Ylang-Ylang,” International Journal of Neuroscience 118, no. 1 (January 2008): 59–77. doi:10.10 8 0/0 0207450 601042 0 94. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18041606.

14 Dalina Isabel, Sanchez-Vidana, Shirley Pui-Ching Ngai, Wanjia He, Jason Ka-Wing Chow, Benson Wui-Man Lau, and Hector Wing-Hong Tsang, “The Effectiveness of Aromatherapy for Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review,” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (January 2017): 1–21. doi:10.1155/2017/5869315. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5241490/.

15 Sanchez-Vidana, et al. “The Effectiveness of Aromatherapy for Depressive Symptoms,” 1–21.

16 Safieh Mohebitabar, Mahboobeh Shirazi, Sodabeh Bioos, Roja Rahimi, Farhad Malekshahi, and Fatemeh Nejatbakhsh, “Therapeutic Efficacy of Rose Oil: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Evidence,” Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine (May-June 2017): 206–13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5511972/.

17 Winai Sayorwan, et al. “Effects of Inhaled Rosemary Oil on Subjective Feelings and Activities of the Nervous System,” Scientia Pharmaceutica81, no. 2 (April 2013): 531–42. December 23, 2012. doi:10.3797/scipharm.1209-05. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3700080/.

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19 Hong-Xing Wang, and Yu-Ping Wang, “Gut Microbiota-brain Axis,” Chinese Medical Journal 129, no. 19 (October 5, 2016): 2373–380. doi:10.4103/0366–6999.190667. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5040025/.

20 John B Furness, Brid P. Callaghan, Leni R. Rivera, and Hyun- Jung Cho, “The Enteric Nervous System and Gastrointestinal Innervation: Integrated Local and Central Control,” Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Microbial Endocrinology: The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease, 2014, 39–71. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0897-4_3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24997029.

21 Helen Fields, “The Gut: Where Bacteria and Immune System Meet,” Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. November 2015. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/research/advancements-in-research/fundamentals/in-depth/the-gut-where-bacteria-and-immune-system-meet.

22 “What Happens When Your Immune System Gets Stressed Out?” Health Essentials from Cleveland Clinic. March 3, 2015. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/what-happens-when-your-immune-system-gets-stressed-out/.

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24 Venera Cardile, et al. “Gelatin Tannate Reduces the Proinflammatory Effects of Lipopolysaccharide in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells,” Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology 61, May 8, 2012, doi:10.2147/CEG.S28792. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3358810/.

25 Guoyao Wu, Fuller W. Bazer, et al. “Proline and Hydroxyproline Metabolism: Implications for Animal and Human Nutrition,” Amino Acids 40, no. 4 (August 10, 2010): 1053–63. doi:10.1007/s00726-010-0715-z. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3773366/.

26 Xiao Xu, Xiuying Wang, et al. “Glycine Relieves Intestinal Injury by Maintaining mTOR Signaling and Suppressing AMPK, TLR4, and NOD Signaling in Weaned Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences19, no. 7 (July 06, 2018): 1980. doi:10.3390/ijms19071980. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6073676/.

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28 Qianru Chen, Oliver Chen, Isabela M. Martins, Hu Hou, Xue Zhao, Jeffrey B. Blumberg, and Bafang Li. “Collagen Peptides Ameliorate Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Immunostimulatory Caco-2 Cell Monolayers via Enhancing Tight Junctions,” Food & Function 8, no. 3 (March 22, 2017): 1144–151. doi:10.1039/c6fo01347c. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28174772.

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30 Isabel Prieto, et al, “Influence of a diet enriched with virgin olive oil or butter on mouse gut microbiota and its correlation to physiological and biochemical parameters related to metabolic syndrome,” January 2018. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190368.

31 “Why Stress Causes People to Overeat,” Harvard Health Publishing, February 2012. https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/why-stress-causes-people-to-overeat.

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33 “Folate Fact Sheet for Health Professionals,” NIH Strengthening Knowledge and Understanding of Dietary Supplements. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Folate-HealthProfessional/.

34 “Calcium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals,” NIH Strengthening Knowledge and Understanding of Dietary Supplements. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Calcium-HealthProfessional/.

35 Beata Olas, “Berry Phenolic Antioxidants-Implications for Human Health?” Frontiers in Pharmacology 9 (March 26, 2018). doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00078. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5890122/.

36 Grace E. Giles, Caroline R. Mahoney, Heather L. Urry, Tad T. Brunye, Holly A. Taylor, and Robin B. Kanarek, “Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Stress-Induced Changes to Mood and Cognition in Healthy Individuals.” Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 132 (May 2015): 1O–19. doi:10.10l6/j.pbb.2015.02.0l8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25732379.

37 Jedha Dening, “Role of Olive Oil in Reducing Oxidative Stress,” Olive Oil Times, June 8, 2016. https://www.oliveoiltimes.com/olive-oil-basics/role-olive-oil-reducing-oxidative-stress/50816.

38 Adrian L. Lopresti, “Efficacy of Curcumin, and a Saffron/Curcumin Combination for the Treatment of Major Depression: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study,” Journal of Affective Disorders 207 (January 2017): 188–96. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.047. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/27723543/.

39 Ahmed Al Sunni, and Rabia Latif, “Effects of Chocolate Intake on Perceived Stress: A Controlled Clinical Study,” International Journal of Health Sciences 8, no. 4 (October 2014): 393–401. doi:10.12816/0023996. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4350893/.

40 Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser. “Stress, Food, and Inflammation: Psychoneuroimmunology and Nutrition at the Cutting Edge,” Psychosomatic Medicine 72, no. 4 (May 2010): 365–69. doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181dbf489. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2868080/.

41 “Dietary Fats,” American Heart Association. https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-smart/fats/dietary-fats.

42 Laurence Eyres, Michael F. Eyres, Alexandra Chisholm, and Rachel C. Brown, “Coconut Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Humans,” Nutrition Reviews 74, no. 4 (March 05, 2016): 267–80. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuw002. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892314/.

43 “Omega-3 Fatty Acids Fact Sheet for Health Professionals,” NIH Strengthening Knowledge and Understanding of Dietary Supplements. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Omega3Fatty-Acids-HealthProfessional/.

44 Philip C. Clader, “Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Inflammatory Processes,” Nutrients 2, no. 3 (March 18, 2010): 355–74. doi:10.3390/nu2030355. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3257651/.

45 Julian G. Martins, “EPA but Not DHA Appears to be Responsible for the Efficacy of Omega-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation in Depression: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials,” Journal of the American College of Nutrition 28, no. 5 (October 28, 2009): 525–42. doi:10.1080/07315724.2009.10719785. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20439549.

46 Sheila M. Innis, “Dietary Omega 3 Fatty Acids and the Developing Brain,” Brain Research 1237 (October 27, 2008): 35–43. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.08.078. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18789910.

47 Meharban Singh, “Essential Fatty Acids, DHA and Human Brain,” Indian Journal of Pediatrics 72 (March 2005): 239–42. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15812120.

48 “Chapter 1: Key Elements of Healthy Eating Patterns,” Key Recommendations: Components of Healthy Eating Patterns - 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines. Health.gov. 2015. https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/chapter-1/key-recommendations/.

49 “The Skinny on Fats,” American Heart Association. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/prevention-and-treatment-of-high-cholesterol-hyperlipidemia/the-skinny-on-fats.

50 “Omega-3 Fatty Acids Fact Sheet for Health Professionals,” NIH Strengthening Knowledge and Understanding of Dietary Supplements. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Omega3Fatty-Acids-HealthProfessional/.

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53 Anika Knüppel, Martin J. Shipley, Clare H. Llewellyn, and Eric J. Brunner, “Sugar Intake from Sweet Food and Beverages, Common Mental Disorder and Depression: Prospective Findings from the Whitehall II Study,” Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (July 27, 2017). doi:10.1038/s41598-017-05649-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5532289/.

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58 “Melatonin: What You Need To Know,” National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. https://nccih.nih.gov/health/melatonin.

59 “Serotonin,” National Center for Biotechnology Information. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68012701.

60 “L-Tryptophan,” MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/326.html.

61 Roseli Barbosa, Julieta Helena Scialfa, Ilza Mingarini Terra, José Cipolla-Neto, Valérie Simonneaux, and Solange Castro Afeche, “Tryptophan Hydroxylase Is Modulated by L-type Calcium Channels in the Rat Pineal Gland,” Life Sciences 82, no. 9–10 (February 27, 2008): 529–35. doi:10.10l6/j.lfs.2007.12.011. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18221757.

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64 “Magnesium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals,” NIH Strengthening Knowledge and Understanding of Dietary Supplements. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/.

65 “How Alcohol Affects the Quality-and Quantity-of Sleep,” National Sleep Foundation. https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-topics/how-alcohol-affects-sleep.

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