Abdul Hamid II, 208
Abdullah ibn al-Hussein, 723
Abolitionism, 402
Abrams, Jacob, 762
Abrams v. United States, 762–67
Adair, Henry Rodney, 269
Adams, Charles Francis, Jr., 271
Adams, Henry: The Education of Henry Adams, 575
Adams, John, 238
Adams, John Quincy, 730
Adams v. New York, 642–43
Adana massacre, 119
Addams, Jane, 187–88, 226, 410, 430; “The Revolt Against War,” 170–86
Adil Bey, Hadji, 208, 210
Adriatic Sea, 652
Africa, 12, 23, 46–48, 122, 670, 686, 738, 790
African Americans, xxix–xxx, 433, 790; East St. Louis race riot, 385–93, 407–8, 412, 421, 432, 496; Houston soldiers’ mutiny, 412–22, 496; and Jim Crow laws, 419, 427, 496–503, 507; labor issues affecting, 385, 407, 502; lynching of, 122–23, 386, 390–92, 424, 496–97, 503, 507–9, 670–71, 743–44, 794; New Negro movement, 502, 743–45; as nurses, 502–3; suffrage of, 431, 497, 670–71; support of war by, 46–49, 496–501; in U.S. Army, 412–22, 427–29, 460, 510–11, 670–77
Aguilar, Cándido, 303
Aikens v. Wisconsin, 644
Airplanes, 113, 125, 141, 143–44, 193, 195, 200, 248–50, 254–60, 271, 306–12, 357–65, 438–43, 487, 526, 550, 612, 622, 625, 693
Aisne River, 67, 188, 190, 194, 470, 512, 558
Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen), Germany, 716
Aked, Charles P., 228
Albania, 14
Albatros aircraft, 254, 438
Albert I, 37, 150, 652
Aleppo, Syria, 158
Alexander I, 714–16
Alexandretta, Turkey, 119
Algerians, 198
Allen, Hervey: Toward the Flame, 514–53
Allied Supreme War Council, 618–20
Alsace, xxv, 20, 33, 275, 452, 625
Ambrières-les-Vallées, France, 674
Ambulances, xxvii, 63, 65, 74, 76, 80, 137, 139, 151–52, 205, 244–47, 252, 310, 409–11, 423, 456, 494, 504, 524, 542, 556, 560, 589, 591–92, 627, 821, 823
American Academy of Political and Social Science, 341
American Ambulance Field Service, 244–47
American Citizens’ Relief Committee, 24–25
American Civil Liberties Union, 394
American Commission for Relief in Belgium, 352–56
American Expeditionary Forces. See Army, U.S.
American Hostels for Refugees, 63
American Indians, 122, 431, 460, 828
Americanism, xxvii, 218–22, 375–76, 687, 738
American-Mexican Joint Commission, 302, 304
American Red Cross, 55, 119, 399, 409, 455, 485–86, 502–6, 554, 568, 571, 575–76
American Relief Administration, 352
American Union Against Militarism, 394
Amiens, France, 310, 470, 558
Amritsar, India, 790
Anarchists, xxx, 396, 768–76
Anatolia, 154–69
Ancona, sinking of, 216
Anderson, Chandler, 26
Anderson, James Clarke, 92
Anesthesia, 490–92, 512
Annam, 486
Anthrax, 366
Anti-aircraft guns, 260, 306, 359
Antwerp, Belgium, 37
Aouni, Abdul Havi, 723
Aquitania, RMS, 663
Arabia, xxiv, 723, 727
Arabic, sinking of, 124, 238, 241, 268
Arabs, 198, 457–58, 723
Argentina, 728
Argonne Forest, 63, 68–73, 249, 558, 577–79, 603–12, 621, 625, 660, 673, 759, 813
Arizona, 298–99
Arlington National Cemetery, xxxii, 805–9, 827
Armaments, xxviii, 113, 126, 220, 222–24, 280–81, 330, 337, 349, 384, 397, 451, 556, 618–19, 625, 704, 728
Armed neutrality, 313, 315–16
Armenians, 369; massacres of, 118–21, 154–69, 207–9, 211–12, 268, 385, 408
Armistice, xxviii, 613–23, 625–26, 699, 756, 783
Armistice Day, 805, 809
Army, Austro-Hungarian, 3–4, 504–5, 554, 556; battle of Gučevo Mountain, 81–89; battle of Przemyśl, 50–54; battle of Zalezchik, 130–34; military hospitals in Budapest, 50, 54–57; use of aircraft, 357
Army, Belgian, 33, 37, 618; in Flanders, 145–48
Army, British, 25, 39, 66, 152, 199, 274, 309, 460, 558, 618, 682, 790; battle of Loos, 200–206; conscription, 184, 401; in Flanders, 135–51; at Gallipoli, 118, 188, 211; and German offensive of spring 1918, 455, 470; as prisoners of war, 255–57, 259–60; Somme campaign, 282, 307–9; use of aircraft, 255–60, 357, 442
Army, Continental, 266–67
Army, French, 15, 17, 33, 35, 231, 425, 434, 460, 472, 485, 549, 558, 618, 674, 791; in Argonne, 63–80; battle of Champagne, 189–200, 244–47, 306; battle of Verdun, 248–50, 282, 409–11; colonial troops in, 192, 194, 198, 457–58, 503; doctors in, 464–69; in Flanders, 148, 150–51, 233–37; at Gallipoli, 118, 211; and German offensive of spring 1918, 455–59, 470; Meuse-Argonne offensive, 577, 587–89, 611; offensive of summer 1918, 512; and signing of Armistice, 621, 623; Somme campaign, 251–56, 282, 307–11; use of aircraft, 200, 248–50, 255–56, 258, 271, 306–12, 357, 438–43, 487
Army, German, xxiv, 47, 81, 211, 254, 258, 284, 507, 574, 614, 616, 700, 758, 790; in Argonne, 64, 67, 70–71, 74, 77–78; battle of Belleau Wood, 470–83; battle of Champagne, 189–200, 244–47; battle of Fismette, 514–53; battle of Loos, 200–206; battle of Verdun, 248–50, 282, 409–11; destruction of Louvain, 33, 36–41, 111; entering Brussels, 33–36; in Flanders, 135, 139–44, 146, 149, 233–37; and French and American offensive of summer 1918, 512; and Meuse-Argonne offensive, 577–89, 603–12; occupation of Belgium, 352, 354, 370, 385, 425; offensive of spring 1918, 455–59, 470; retreat from Belgium and France, 618; and St. Mihiel offensive, 558–61; and signing of Armistice, 621–23, 625–26; Somme campaign, 254–56, 282, 307–12; training of Ottoman army, 368–70; troops shifted to Western Front, 455; use of aircraft, 248–50, 254–60, 306–12, 357–65, 410, 438–43, 502, 526, 550
Army, Italian, 504–5, 554–57, 618–19; use of aircraft, 357
Army, Mexican, 298, 304
Army, Ottoman, 210–11; at Gallipoli, 118; massacres of Armenians by, 120; trained by German army, 368–70
Army, Russian, 15; anti-Semitism of, 130, 133, 118; battle of Przemyśl, 50–54; battle of Zalezchik, 130–34
Army, Serbian: battle of Gučevo Mountain, 81–89
Army, U.S., xxvii–xxviii, 35, 301, 311, 364, 366–67, 468, 501, 508, 562, 566, 618, 631, 637, 679, 699, 701, 724, 735, 737, 739, 758, 773, 775–76; arrival in France, 447, 460–63, 635, 700, 758–60; battle of Belleau Wood, 470–83; battle of Fismette, 514–53; and black nurses, 502–3; black soldiers in, xxix–xxx, 412–22, 427–29, 460, 510–11, 670–77; and censorship, 622–23, 784–88; departure from France, 661–65; hospital units, 484–95, 673–77, 779–83; incursions in Mexico, 30, 38, 269, 298, 460, 470, 784; and influenza epidemic, 590–97; Meuse-Argonne offensive, 558, 577–89, 603–12, 759; mobilization of, 317, 427; occupation of Rhineland, 660–61, 666–68; offensive of summer 1918, 512–13; officers, 427–29, 460–63; preparedness, 217–18, 374–75, 394; St. Mihiel offensive, 558–61, 577; shell shock in, 779–83; and signing of Armistice, 621–23, 625–28; trucks in, 666–68; use of aircrafts, 438, 612
Arnold, Matthew, 795
Arras, France, 274, 777
Artois, 136, 200–206, 577
Asia, xxiv, 726, 738, 741, 748
Asquith, Herbert Henry, 152–53
Assembly of the League of Nations, 751–52
Associated Press, 299
Assyrian Christians, 155, 268
Atlanta, Ga., 562
Atlantic Ocean, 29, 330, 364
Attila the Hun, 268
Australia, 23, 376, 648; in League of Nations, 727, 751–52; troops from, 118, 188, 260
Austria, 702–3; peace treaty with, 748–49
Austria-Hungary, xxiv–xxv, xxviii, 23, 25–26, 28, 44, 118, 170, 321, 343, 349, 572, 615; assassination of Franz Ferdinand, 1–9; battle of Gučevo Mountain, 81–89; battle of Przemyśl, 50–54; battle of Zalezchik, 130–34; defense of actions of, 17–21; dissolution of, 702–3; food shortages in, 282; imperialism of, 46; invasion of Serbia, 50, 344–45, 369; military hospitals in Budapest, 50, 54–57; possible German plan to absorb, 369; and Russian withdrawal from war, 447–49, 455; self-determination in, 275, 279, 452; United States declares war against, 447
Austro-Hungarian embassy, London, 25
Austro-Hungarian embassy, Mexico City, 304
Austro-Hungarian embassy, Washington, 321
Auve, France, 67–68
Azerbaijanis, xxiv
Bad Ischl, Austria, 3, 5
Bad Neuenahr, Germany, 660
Badonviller, France, 140
Baer, Elizabeth, 642
Baghdad, Ottoman Empire (now Iraq), 369
Baghdad corridor, 349
Baker, Newton D., 266–67, 687, 711–12
Baker, Ray Stannard, 646–59
Balbriggan, Ireland, 790
Baldwin, Roger, 394, 405
Balkan Wars, 1, 784
Baltic Sea, 324–25
Baltimore, Charles, 413–14, 416–18, 420–21
Baltimore Sun, 282–88
Bankers Trust Company, 24, 26
Bapaume, France, 254
Barbary pirates, 110
Barbe, Maurice and Marie, 674, 676
Bar-le-Duc, France, 76–77, 250
Barrytown, N.Y., 273
Base Hospital No. 117, 779–83
Bates, Robert W., 504
Battleships, 625, 663
Bavaria, 655, 794
Bayes, Nora, 333
Beauséjour, France, 80
Bedouins, 723
Belarusians, xxiv
Belgium, xxvi, 15, 18, 43, 58, 136, 152, 187–88, 311, 314, 350, 357, 380, 434, 455, 470, 575–76, 623, 652, 683, 690, 737, 789, 793; atrocities in Congo, 47–48, 122, 408; evacuation of territory of, 451–52, 613–14, 618; fighting in Flanders, 135, 140–47, 149–50, 233–37; food relief in, 352–56; German destruction of Louvain, 33, 36–41, 111; German invasion of, 13, 23, 44, 63, 109, 213, 216, 268, 337, 344–46, 352, 370, 385, 425; German troops enter Brussels, 33–36; government-in-exile, 172; imperialism of, 46–48; neutrality of, 10, 17, 23, 344, 346
Belgrade, Serbia, 3, 8–10, 88
Belleau Wood, 470–84, 486, 488, 569, 813
Belloy-en-Santerre, France, 231
Below, Karl-Konrad von, 14
Bergues, France, 142, 438
Berkman, Alexander, 768–69, 772
Berlin, Germany, 18, 82, 111, 122, 172, 298–99, 363, 367, 369–70, 573; American embassy in, 113, 124, 259, 288, 296; food shortages in, 309; H. L. Mencken’s reports from, 282–88; postwar, 794
Berliner Tageblatt, 49, 282
Bernays, Edward, 687
Bernhardi, Friedrich von, 221, 374
Bernhardt, Sarah, 631
Bernstein, Ethel, 774
Bernstorff, Johann von, 282, 289–91, 293–94, 296–97, 299, 301, 303
Berry, John, 474–78
Bethea, Andrew, 229
Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von, 23, 282, 300, 342, 344
Bianki, Peter, 769, 772–73
Biddle, Charles J.: The Way of the Eagle, 438–43
Bigelow, Stephen, 310–11
Bismarck, Otto von, 45
Bitburg, Germany, 666, 668
Black Sea, 118
“Black Tom” munitions depot explosion, 366
Blercourt, France, 71–72, 76
Blockades, xxvii, 90, 110, 114, 124, 226, 291, 324–27, 345–46, 352, 625, 734, 788, 790–91
Blücher, Evelyn, 791
Bly, Nellie (Elizabeth Jane Cochran), 50–57
Bode, Wilhelm von, 49
Boelcke, Oswald, 254–60
Boer War, 33, 752, 784
Bohemia, 369, 702
Bois l’Abbé, France, 311–12
Bolsheviks, 447, 455, 629, 654–55, 659, 740, 762–63, 765–66, 768
Bonar Law, Andrew, 360
Boos-Waldeck, Alexander von, 2, 4, 7–8
Borden, Mary, 233, 251–53; The Forbidden Zone, 251, 434; “Unidentified,” 434–37
Bosanko Grahovo, Bosnia, 5
Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1–9, 82, 84
Bosnians, xxv
Bosphorus, 121
Boston, Mass., 179
Boston Herald, 17–22
Boston Post, 122
Botha, Louis, 752
Bourbon dynasty, 717
Bourne, Randolph: “The War and the Intellectuals,” 373–84
Boxer Rebellion, 784
Boycotts, 734
Boyd, Charles T., 269
Boyd, Montague L., 364
Boy-Ed, Karl, 303
Brandeis, Louis, 762, 767
Bray-sur-Somme, France, 251–53, 434
Brazil, 47, 122, 728
Brest, France, 592, 656, 663–64
Britain, xxiv–xxviii, 10, 18, 58, 128, 132, 170, 172, 177–79, 215–16, 226, 230, 238–40, 254, 259, 282, 284–85, 287, 300, 303–4, 314, 331, 348, 371, 375, 377–78, 381, 385, 449, 613, 683, 695, 711, 723, 737, 790; American commerce with, 108–10, 113, 115–16; conscientious objectors in, 401, 405; conscription in, 184, 401; declares war on Germany, 23, 25; German aerial bombing of, 357–65; imperialism of, 20, 46–49, 122, 376; in League of Nations, 751–52; peace proposals, 275, 278, 286, 342–43; peace treaty terms, 629, 638, 647–48, 653–56, 658, 679, 720, 727–29; rivalry with Germany, 20–22; and sinking of Lusitania, 90; treaty obligation with Belgium, 23, 44, 152, 344–46; violations of American neutrality by, 293, 323–27
British Red Cross, 137, 139
Brittany, 459
Brock, Clarence, 413, 418
Brooke, Rupert, 231
Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 226–30
Brooks, Dan, 545
Brown, William Slater, 821
Bruges, Belgium, 38
Brussels, Belgium, 38, 356; American embassy in, 10–14; German troops enter, 33–36
Bryan, Alfred: “I Didn’t Raise My Boy to Be a Soldier,” 61–62, 215–16, 226
Bryan, William Jennings, xxvii, 45, 124, 226, 396, 400, 799; letter from Henry Morgenthau, 118–21; letter to Gottlieb von Jagow, 113–17
Buchanan, James, 261–62, 265
Budapest, Hungary, xxv, 172; military hospitals in, 50, 54–57
Buffalo Soldiers, 460
Buford, U.S.A.T., 768–76
Buhkanov, Thomas, 771–72
Bukovina, 130, 134
Bulgaria, xxv, 89, 369–70, 447–48, 452, 613, 748–49
Bullard, Robert L., 460, 549
Bundy, Omar, 471
Burleson, Albert S., 295, 444, 670
Bustani, Suleiman al-, 209
Cabrera, Luis, 301–4
Čabrinović, Nedeljko, 2–3, 5, 7–8
Calais, France, 135
California, 20, 725
Cambon, Jules, 291, 300
Cambrai, France, 255, 259–60
Cambridge University, 177–78
Camp Funston, 590
Camp Logan, 412
Camp Merritt, 590–91
Camp Upton, 608
Canada, 23, 200, 328–29; in League of Nations, 727–28, 752; troops from, 126, 135, 188, 467
Canning, George, 716–18, 720
Cantigny, France, 460, 568–69
Canton, Ohio, 562
Cantor, Eddie, 639
Capitalism, 335–40, 377, 380, 398, 402, 407, 444, 563–66, 635, 643, 740, 762–63, 770, 772, 790, 800
Carranza, Venustiano, 298–304
Caruso, Enrico, 333
Casey, Robert J.: The Cannoneers Have Hairy Ears, 625–28
Cassel, France, 137–39, 143–44
Castle, William R., Jr., 213–16
Castlereagh, Viscount (Robert Stewart), 716
Cather, G. P., 568
Cather, Willa: “Roll Call on the Prairies,” 568–76
Catholics, 54, 495, 521, 551, 571
Catt, Carrie Chapman, 170, 430–33, 598
Caucasus Mountains, 118, 455
Caudron aircraft, 249
Caulkins, Willis N., 603
Cavit Bey, Mehmet, 208
Cecil, Howard L., 364
Cemal (Djemal) Pasha, Ahmed, 208–10
Cemeteries, xxxii, 494–95, 592, 681–85, 759–60, 805–9, 827–28
Censorship, 29, 175–76, 339, 424, 622–23, 687, 689, 693, 784–88
Central America, 43, 47, 277, 302–3, 720–21, 723, 728
Chafee, Zechariah, Jr., 762
Châlons-sur-Marne, France, 64–67, 73, 76, 78–80, 190, 827
Champagne, 189–200, 244–47, 306, 510, 587, 660, 813
Champagney, France, 189
Chapman, John Jay, 248, 271–73
Chapman, Victor, 248–50, 271
Château-Thierry, France, 470–71, 484, 494, 512, 573, 700
Chaumont, France, 190
Chaumont-en-Vexin, France, 460
Chester, Pa., 408
Chicago, Ill., 170, 690; race riot in, 743–44
Chicago Daily News, 283
Chicago Tribune, 470
China, 45, 47, 107–8, 347, 460; emigrants from, 770; foreign concessions in, 43, 722, 754–55; in League of Nations, 727
Christianity, 57, 118–22, 161, 170, 217, 268, 394, 396–98, 400, 404, 502, 714, 716, 790, 794
Civilians, treatment of, 37, 39–41, 44, 102, 108, 110–11, 113, 115, 125, 128–29, 136–37, 222, 238–39, 242, 250
Civil Liberties Bureau, 394, 405
Civil War, U.S., xxv–xxvi, 43, 108, 124, 197, 262–65, 271, 332, 431, 484, 554, 641, 719, 731
Cleghorn, Sarah, 423
Clemenceau, Georges, 447, 630, 637–38, 653–55, 657, 679, 682, 719–20, 728
Clermont-en-Argonne, France, 69–71
Cleveland, Grover, 731–32
Cohalan, Daniel, 647
Cohan, George M.: “Over There,” 333–34
Collinsville, Ill., 507
Colombia, 721
Colonialism, 46–49, 336, 376–77, 380–81, 451, 670, 686, 703–4, 717–18, 730, 754
Colorado, 222, 351
Columbia University, 373, 423
Columbus, N.M., 298
Committee of Union and Progress, 118, 121, 207–10
Committee on Public Information, 687–97
Compiègne, France, 194
Compiègne Forest, 621
Conference for Continuous Mediation, 226–28
Conference of Charities and Correction, 396
Congo, 12, 47–48, 122, 408
Congress, U.S., xxviii–xxix, 16, 27–28, 107, 124, 266, 338, 404, 563, 566, 613, 615, 646, 664, 685, 693, 755, 759, 768, 773, 775; and conscription, 404, 643; declaration of war against Germany, xxvii, 323; and events leading to war, 296–97, 300–301, 305, 311; opposition to League of Nations in, xxxi, 649, 680, 698, 713–42, 746, 757; opposition to war in, 323–32; President Wilson’s addresses to, 238–43, 275–81, 313–22, 447–54, 598–602, 698–710; and woman suffrage, xxx, 598–602. See also individual acts
Congressional Research Service, xxxii
Congress of Laibach (Ljubljana), 716–17
Congress of Troppau (Opava), 716
Congress of Verona, 716–17
Conscientious objectors, 394–406
Conscription, xxix, 184–85, 339, 374, 394–95, 399, 401–5, 412, 568, 573–74, 643–45
Conscription (Selective Service) Act, 643–45
Constantinople (Istanbul), Turkey, xxiv, 163, 370; American embassy in, 118, 154, 161–62, 167–69; Ottoman leadership in, 207–10
Constitution, U.S., xxiii, xxxi, 497, 724, 766; First Amendment, 641–42, 644, 762, 764, 767; proposed woman suffrage amendment, xxx, 598–602; treaty-making provision, 713; war-making provision, 685, 735
Continent, 122
Contraband of war, 113, 115, 128, 288
Cooper Union, 261
Copenhagen, Denmark, 227, 284
Cornell University, 407
Cosenvoye, France, 74
Cossacks, 20–22, 130–34
Council of the League of Nations, 750–51, 755
Courts-martial, 675–76
Covenant of the League of Nations, 646–49, 683, 698, 706, 720, 722–28, 732–34, 741, 747, 749–51, 753, 755–57
Creel, George: How We Advertised America, 687–97
Crisis, 46–49, 122–23, 407, 412–22, 430–33, 501, 670, 673
Croats, xxiv–xxv, 131, 369
Croly, Herbert, 341
Crosby, Oscar T., 664
Crouy-sur-Ourcq, France, 423, 425
Crusades, 89, 681
Cuba, 301, 460, 709, 732
Cumberland, Duke of (Ernest Augustus), 5
Cummings, E. E.: The Enormous Room, 821; “my sweet old etcetera,” 821–22
Cunningham, Lieutenant, 773
Čurčić, Fehim, 2, 8–9
Curie, Marie, 235
Cushing, bombing of, 113, 125
Czechoslovakia, xxxi, 653, 702
Czechs, xxiv, 131, 369, 763
Damien, Father, 38
Daniels, Josephus, 218, 266–67
Daniels, Rufus, 414–15, 417, 420
Dante Alighieri, 457, 795
Danzig, Germany (now Gdansk, Poland), 17, 705
Dardanelles, 118, 188, 211, 452
Daughters of the American Revolution, 220
Davidson, Clarence, 528
Davis, Leslie, 154–68
Davis, Richard Harding, 33–41, 187–88; With the Allies, 187; With the French in France and Salonika, 187
Davison, Alden, 244
Dawn, 412
Day, William R., 291
Daylight Saving Time, xxix
Debs, Eugene V., 30, 335, 641; speech to the court, 562–67
Debs v. United States, 765
Decker, Charles W., 594
Decoration Day, 681–85, 759–60
Dehmel, Richard, 799
Democracy, xxvi–xxvii, xxix, 295, 313, 319–20, 335, 337–38, 340, 346–51, 373–77, 379–81, 384, 394–95, 397–98, 402–6, 408, 430–33, 448, 499, 501, 503, 508, 565, 599–600, 650, 654, 671–72, 689, 691, 693, 743, 753, 794
Democratic Party, 30, 113, 118, 293, 323, 598–99, 613, 696, 731
Denmark, xxv, 172, 226–27, 283–84, 324, 326, 693–94
Denton, Frances, 653
Deportation of radicals, xxx, 768–69
De Saza, Nick, 551
Dessau, Germany, 257
Devine, Edward T., 396
Dewey, John, 373, 376, 396
Diederichs, Otto von, 43
Dinant, Belgium, 33, 111
Dixmude, Belgium, 138, 144–46, 149
Diyarbakir, Turkey, 161
Dmowski, Roman, 647
Dniester River, 130, 132
Dodd, William S., 119
Dodge, Arthur G., 244–45
Domingo, W. A., 743–44
Donnelly, Alan G., 541, 549–50
Dos Passos, John, 409–11; 1919, 823–28; One Man’s Initiation, 823; Three Soldiers, 823
Draft. See Conscription
Dresdner Bank, 287
Du Bois, W.E.B., 46–49, 122–23, 412, 501, 670–73
Dugan, William, 309
Dulles, John Foster, xxxi
Dunkerque, France, 135, 138, 143–44, 148–49, 438
Dutch Reformed Church, 652
Eastburn, Hugh, 309
Eastman, Max, 686
East St. Louis, Ill., race riot in, 385–93, 407–8, 412, 421, 432, 496
Ebert, Friedrich, 638
Eckhardt, Heinrich von, 298–99, 320
Edison, Thomas, 226
Edwards, Alonzo, 414–17, 420–21
Edwards, Frederick, 558
Edwards, Frederick Trevenen, 558–61
Egypt, 211, 369, 503
Eiffel Tower, 626, 692
18th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 775
80th Division, U.S., 577, 580, 603, 664
89th Division, U.S., 666
Einstein, Albert, 799
Election of 1912, xxvi, 30, 42, 113, 264–65, 335
Election of 1916, xxvii, 207, 261–70, 341–42, 375, 598–99, 687
Election of 1920, 562, 805
11th Field Artillery Regiment, U.S., 626
Ellis Island, 769, 773
El Paso, Texas, 421
Emden (German light cruiser), 254
Emory, German Horton Hunt, 604–5
England. See Britain
English Channel, 63 135, 137, 172, 238, 241, 324–25, 650
English Review, 434
Enver Pasha, Ismail, 208–10
Eoff, Clyde D., 666–69
Eoff, Josephine, 666
Épernay, France, 79
Erzincan, Turkey, 157, 162, 168
Erzurum, Turkey, 157, 162–64, 168
Escadrille No. 73, 438
Espionage, 366–67
Espionage Act, xxx, 366, 444, 562, 641–42
Estonia, 455
Estonians, xxiv
Eucken, Rudolf, 793
Europe, James Reese, 639; “On Patrol in No Man’s Land,” 510–11
Evans, Bernice: “The Sayings of Patsy,” 444–46
Exax, Alexander, 50
Fahlbusch, Wilhelm, 258–59
Falaba, sinking of, 113, 125
Falkenhayn, Erich von, 284
Falls, Dewitt Clinton, 12
Farman airplane, 249
Faulkner, William, xxxii
Fauset, Jessie, 407–8
Federal Board for Vocational Education, 780
Fellowship of Reconciliation, 394, 402
Fenton, Norman: Shell Shock and Its Aftermath, 779–83
Ferguson, James E., 421
Fifth Amendment, 643
5th Army Division, U.S., 604–5
5th Marine Regiment, U.S., 471–83
57th Pioneer Infantry Regiment, U.S., 590–92
Finland, 455
Finns, xxiv, 45, 134
First Amendment, 641–42, 644, 762, 764, 767
1st Division, U.S., 460–63, 568
Fish, Hamilton, Jr., 828
Fisher, Dorothy Canfield, 423–26
Fisher, John, 423
Fismes, France, 514–53
Fismette, France, 514–53
Fitzgerald, F. Scott, xxxii
Fiume, Italy (now Rijeka, Croatia), 653, 657, 659
Flag Day, xxvii, 366
Flak, 260
Flame-throwers, 553
Flanders, 135–51, 199, 233–37, 438, 470, 614
Fleming, Lee, 667–68
Fletcher, Lee, 549
Foch, Ferdinand, 558, 577, 621, 623, 805
Fokker airplane, 249, 257
Food production and distribution, 352–56
Food shortages, 282, 290, 309, 340, 444
Ford, Henry, 226–30
42nd Division, U.S., 660, 663
Four Minute Men, 687, 690, 696
Fourteen Points, xxviii, 477, 451–53, 613, 638, 659, 679, 756
France, xxvi–xxviii, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 21, 42–44, 58, 81, 111, 132, 170, 172, 177, 223, 231, 271–72, 303–4, 307, 350, 354–55, 362, 370–71, 374–75, 378, 385, 399, 423, 430, 498, 575, 613, 670, 672, 695, 731, 737, 739, 792–93; aerial combat over, 254–60, 306–12; alliance with Russia, 15; American commerce with, 108–10, 115–16; Armistice, 621–28; arrival of American troops, 447, 460–63, 635, 700, 758–60; battle of Belleau Wood, 470–83; battle of Champagne, 189–200, 244–47, 306–12; battle of Fismette, 514–53; battle of Loos, 200–206; battle of Verdun, 248–50, 282, 409–11; departure of American troops, 661, 663; fighting in Argonne Forest, 63–80; fighting in Flanders, 135–39, 147–51; German army retreats from, 618; German declaration of war against, 17; German invasion of, 33; German offensive of spring 1918, 455–59; imperialism of, 46–49, 122; in League of Nations, 751; Meuse-Argonne offensive, 558, 577–89, 603–12; mobilization in, 15; peace conference in Paris, 629–38, 646–59, 698, 708, 710, 747–48, 752, 756–57; peace proposals, 275, 278, 286, 342–43; peace treaty terms, 629, 637–38, 652–55, 657, 679, 720, 728–29; restoration of Alsace and Lorraine, 19–20, 275, 452, 625; St. Mihiel offensive, 558–61; security treaty with United States, 708; Somme campaign, 251–56, 307–12; Suresnes cemetery, 681–85, 759–60; treaty obligation with Belgium, 23, 344–46; U.S. Army hospital units in, 673–77, 779–83
France, James W., 604–5
Franco-Prussian War, xxv, 452, 487
Franz Ferdinand, xxv, 1–9, 19
Franz Joseph, xxiv, 3–5, 9, 18–19
Frederick the Great (Friedrich II of Prussia), 45, 300
Freedom of assembly, 339
Freedom of conscience, 398, 404–5, 720
Freedom of speech, xxx, 339, 383, 423–25, 562, 641–42, 644, 688, 762–67, 770
Freedom of the press, 339, 688, 770
Freedom of the seas, 109–11, 114–15, 279–81, 314, 451, 638
French Foreign Legion, xxvi–xxvii, 189, 194, 196, 198, 231, 248, 306
French Revolution, 714, 719
Frohwerk v. United States, 765
Frost, Robert: “Not to Keep,” 274
Fryatt, Charles, 259
Furnes, Belgium, 138, 142
Gale, Zona, 801
Galicia, 50–54, 130–34
Gallipoli, Turkey, 118, 188, 211
Gangrene, 88, 233–37, 459, 480, 486, 513
Gardiner, A. G., 650
Garrison, Lindley M., 218, 711
Garvey, Marcus, 743
Gas masks, 481, 510–11, 515, 539–41, 826
Gas warfare, xxviii, 135, 233–37, 409–10, 458, 480, 486, 510–11, 515, 529, 539–40, 542, 551–52, 555, 673, 780
Gatley, George G., 660
Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri, 777
Gauvain, Auguste, 636
Genet, Edmond C. C., 306–12
Geneva, Switzerland, 502
Geneva Conventions, 214
Genocide. See Racial extermination
George III, 272, 791
George V, 27–28
George Washington, USS, 630, 656–58
Georgia (state), 790
Georgians, xxiv
Gerald, Lieutenant, 551–53
Gerard, James Watson, 113, 124, 259, 288, 296
Gerhardt, Charles H., 676
German agents, 366–67, 371
German Americans, 17, 282, 321–22, 366, 399, 425, 433, 507, 573–75, 789
German embassy, London, 25–28
German embassy, Mexico City, 298–99, 302–3, 305, 320
German embassy, Tokyo, 302
German embassy, Washington, 116, 282, 289–91, 293–94, 296–97, 299, 301, 303, 367
German people, 318, 320–21, 331, 338, 350, 368, 370–72, 405, 453, 615–17, 660, 693, 790, 792, 794, 798
Germany, xxiv–xxviii, 10, 14, 16, 26–29, 118, 170, 172, 176–77, 182, 210–11, 254, 259, 263, 271–72, 374–77, 380, 384, 394, 403, 425, 432, 497–98, 507–8, 575, 638, 641, 670, 682, 684, 687, 692, 695, 702, 736–37, 741, 759, 792–93, 795, 797–800; aerial bombing of London, 357–65; Armistice, 621–28; Britain declares war on, 23, 25; condemnation of actions of, 42–45; culture of, 58–60; declares war on France, 17; declares war on Russia, 15; defense of actions of, 17–22, 42; destruction of Louvain, 33, 36–41, 111; food shortages in, 282, 290, 309; foreign concessions of, 43, 754; imperialism of, 46–49, 122, 686, 703, 754; invasion of Belgium, 13, 23, 33–36, 44, 63, 109, 213, 216, 268, 337, 344–46, 352; invasion of France, 33; militarism of, 48, 174, 184, 215, 218–19, 221, 223–24, 294, 331, 338, 349, 399, 501, 762–63, 766, 790–91, 796; occupied by American troops, 660–61, 666–68; at peace conference, 629, 657–58, 680; peace proposals, 275, 278, 286, 289, 342–43, 370; peace treaty with, xxxi, 698, 708, 747–49, 794, 805; possible plan to absorb Austria, 368–69; postwar treatment of, 453; President Wilson’s address on war with, 313–22; President Wilson’s peace notes to, 613–17; President Wilson’s warning to, 238–43; reparations from, xxxi, 705, 707, 794; rivalry with Britain, 20–22; and Russian withdrawal from war, 447–50, 455; sinking of Lusitania, 90–91, 107–8, 110–11, 113–14, 122, 125–28, 213, 216, 222, 241, 269; Sussex pledge, 238, 290–91, 294, 314, 341; threat of Bolshevism in, 654–55; treaties with United States, 111, 117, 300; ultimatum to France, 15; ultimatum to Russia, 15; United States declares war against, 323; United States severs diplomatic relations with, 289–97, 300; unrestricted U-boat warfare, 282–90, 292, 294, 299–300, 313–17, 321, 324–26, 331, 338, 342–43, 345–47; violations of American neutrality, 323–27; Zimmermann telegram, 298–305, 320, 367
Gettysburg Address, 264
Gibbons, Floyd: And They Thought We Wouldn’t Fight, 470–83
Gibson, Ernest W., 590–93
Gibson, Hugh S., 10–14
Gillett, Frederick H., 696
Girard, Dr., 464–65
Giromagny, France, 189
Glendenning, Frank M., 536–37, 547–48
Godoy, Manuel, 45
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 799–800, 804
Goldman, Emma, 217–25, 768, 773–75
Goldman v. United States, 644
Gompers, Samuel, 221–22, 407
Gompers v. Bucks Stove & Range Co., 644
Goodrich, David, 215
Goschen, Edward, 23
Gosse, Edmund, 153
Gotha airplane, 357
Graham, Stephen, 790
Grant, Ulysses S., 108, 634
Grayson, Cary T., 646, 649–53, 655–56, 746
Grayson, David, 650
Greco-Turkish War, 33, 784
Greece, 89, 187; ancient, 272
Greeks, 121
Greene, Elbridge Gerry, 15
Gregory, Thomas W., 646, 768
Grenades, 196, 531–32, 555, 629
Grey, Edward, 23, 25, 28, 344
Griffin, Sergeant, 515–16, 527–28
Gruening, Martha, 412–22
Gučevo Mountain, battle of, 81–89
Gulflight, torpedoing of, 90, 107–9, 114, 125, 268
Gutmann, Friedrich, 287
Haboosi, Turkey, 165
Habsburg dynasty, xxiv, 7, 10, 447, 703
Hague, Netherlands, 170–72, 185, 226–27, 757
Hague Conventions, 110, 213–16
Haidar, Rustem, 723
Haiti, 789–90
Halil Bey, 207–10
Halim Pasha, Said, 207, 209–10
Hall, Charles P., 627
Hall, James Norman: Kitchener’s Mob, 200–206
Haller, Lelan, 546–48
Ham, France, 306–7, 309, 311
Hamburg, Germany, 370
Hamid, Abdul, 208–9
Hamilton, Alexander, 736
Hanna, Louis B., 229
Harbord, James, 471
Harding, Warren G., 444, 562, 827; Address at Burial of Unknown American Soldier, 805–9
Harmon, Émile, 676
Harnack, Adolf von, 49
Harput, Turkey, 154–56, 161–62, 164–65
Harrison, Charlie, 203
Harrison, Hubert H., 502–3, 686
Harte, Bret, 503
Hartzell, Oscar, 472–75, 479–80, 482–83
Harvard University, 17, 46, 58, 81, 152, 189, 199, 213, 248, 271–72, 341, 409, 438, 762
Hasenclever, Walter, 798
Hauptmann, Gerhart, 49, 799
Haviland, Willis, 309–10
Hay, John, 754
Hayes, Ralph, 631
Hays, Will, 444
Hazebrouck, France, 470
Heiltz-le-Maurupt, France, 77
Hejaz, 723, 727
Hemingway, Ernest, xxxii, 504–6, 554–57; A Farewell to Arms, 813; In Our Time, 813, 820; “Soldier’s Home,” 813–20
Hemingway, Marcelline, 504
Herrick, Myron, 15, 27
Herter, Christian, xxxi
Hillquit, Morris, 335
Hindenburg, Paul von, 254, 283–84
Hindenburg Line, 307
Hinkle, Edward, 309–11
Hitchcock, Gilbert, 293, 664
Hoboken, N.J., 226, 284, 591, 593, 661
Hohenzollern dynasty, xxiv, 703
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 562; opinion in Abrams v. United States, 762–67; opinion in Schenck v. United States, 641–45
Holt v. United States, 643
Holy Alliance, 715–19, 730
Hoover, Herbert, xxxi, 569–70; Women of Belgium, 352–56
Hoover, J. Edgar, 768, 775
Horner, Frank, 515–16, 518–22, 537–38, 548
Hoskier, Ronald, 309–11
Hospitals, 54–57, 63, 65, 69, 71–76, 80, 87–88, 136–37, 152, 167, 169, 177, 180, 204–5, 233–37, 245, 251–53, 310, 410, 434, 455–59, 464–69, 473, 478, 484–95, 502, 504–6, 512–13, 554–57, 589, 591–92, 595–97, 629–31, 636, 673–77, 779–83
Hospital ships, 314, 788
House, Edward M., 102, 293, 646, 653–58, 678
House of Representatives, U.S., 297, 313, 323, 598, 696, 757, 768, 771, 773, 775. See also Congress, U.S.
Houston, David F., 295
Houston, Texas, race riot in, 412–22, 496
Houston Post, 422
Hrbková, Šárka, 572
Hubbard, Alice Moore, 90–92
Hubbard, Elbert, 90–92
Huerta, Victoriano, 298
Hughes, Charles Evans, 261–62, 270
Hulluch, France, 204
Humperdinck, Engelbert, 49
Hungarians, xxiv, 131, 226, 369
Hungary, 172, 369, 376, 702–3, 718; peace treaty with, 748–49
Huns, 111
Hurd, Carlos F., 385–93
Hussein ibn Ali (king of Hejaz), 723
Iasigi, Oscar A., 244
Ibn Saud, 723
Iceland, 324
Illinois, 385–93
Immelmann, Max, 258
Immigration, xxvi, 17, 366, 433, 724–27, 738, 770, 774. See also individual ethnic groups
Imperialism, xxiii, 20, 46–49, 122, 336–38, 341, 376–78, 380–81, 451, 453, 653, 670, 686, 703–4, 717–18, 730, 736, 754, 756, 794
India, 23, 47–48, 211, 347, 369, 752, 790; troops from, 135, 150–51, 503
Industrial Workers of the World, 769
Influenza, xxviii, xxxii, 590–97
Inquisition, 59
Intellectuals, 373–84
International Congress of Women, 170–72, 185, 226
Internationalism, 335–36, 340, 347–50, 374, 378–79, 740
Ireland, 99, 110, 124, 238–39, 269, 314, 470, 646–47, 679, 790
Irish Americans, 433, 646, 665
Isolationism, xxvii, 729, 736–38
Istanbul. See Constantinople
Isum, Charles R., 673–77
Italy, xxv, 21, 46, 82, 132, 137, 170, 172, 343, 357, 447, 452, 618, 683, 694, 717, 737, 792, 813; in League of Nations, 751; military hospitals in, 504–6, 554–57; peace treaty terms, 629, 652–55, 657–59, 680, 720
Itchme, Turkey, 165
Ivan the Terrible (Ivan IV), 44–45
Jackson, Jesse B., 119
Jacksonville, Fla., 427
Jagow, Gottlieb von, 113–17, 124–29
Jamaica, 686, 743–44
James, Henry, 152–53
James, William, 17, 341
Japan, xxv, 20–21, 33, 43, 48, 328–29, 367, 648, 679–80, 720, 724–26; concessions in China, 722, 754–55; in League of Nations, 727, 751; Russo-Japanese War, 19, 33, 43, 460, 754, 784; and Zimmermann telegram, 298–302
Japanese embassy, Mexico City, 302
Jarotzky, Thaddeus von, 35
Jasta 2 (German fighter squadron), 254
Jaurès, Jean, 10, 630
Jazz, 510, 639–40
Jefferson, Thomas, 220, 730, 736
Jersey City, N.J., 366
Jesus, 122, 398, 630, 659
Jews, 45, 54, 118, 130, 132–33, 226, 378, 396–97, 408, 495, 648, 719, 770, 790
Jim Crow laws, xxix–xxxi, 419, 427, 496–503, 507
Joffre, Joseph, 188, 192, 197, 634–35
John, Colonel, 50, 54
Johnson, Albert, 773
Johnson, Charles Chouteau, 310
Johnson, James Weldon, 507, 743; “Experienced Men Wanted,” 427–29; “Why Should a Negro Fight?” 496–500
Johnson v. United States, 643
Jones, Jenkin Lloyd, 228
Journal du Peuple, 630
Juilly, France, 484–95
Justice Department, U.S., 304–5, 768–69
Kaiser, Fred, 304
Kalush, Galicia, 134
Kâmil Pasha, Mehmed, 208
Kant, Immanuel, 21, 793, 804
Karl Franz Joseph, 5–6
Kaunitz, Wenzel von, 714
Kazakhs, xxiv
Keel, Captain, 544–45
Kellogg, Charlotte Hoffman, 356
Kellogg, Vernon Lyman, 356
Kennan, George F., xxiii
Kent, Fred I., 24, 26
Kiaochow (Jiaozhou), China, 43
Kirghizes, xxiv
Kirkwall, Scotland, 226
Kling, Dr., 52
Klotz, Louis-Lucien, 657
Kniptash, Vernon E., 660–62
Koblenz, Germany, 661
Königsberg, Germany (now Kaliningrad, Russia), 21
Konya, Turkey, 119
Kossuth, Lajos, 718
Kropotkin, Pyotr, 772
Krüdener, Barbara von, 715
Krupaign, Serbia, 82, 85–86
Krupp armaments, 223–24
Kurds, 157–58, 163–65, 167, 207
Laage de Meux, Alfred de, 307–9
Labor issues, xxx, 396, 563–65, 665, 763; and African Americans, 385, 407, 502; wartime work for women, 444–46, 691
Laconia, sinking of, 470
Lafayette Escadrille, xxvii, 200, 248–50, 306–12, 438–43
La Follette, Robert, 313, 323, 680
Laimont, France, 77
Lamb, Charles, 713
La Motte, Ellen N., 233–37, 251; The Backwash of War, 233
Langres, France, 190
Lansing, Robert, 113, 169, 207, 238, 342, 654, 656; letter to Gottlieb von Jagow, 124–29; letters to Frederick Oederlin, 613–17; memorandum on severing diplomatic relations with Germany, 289–97
La Panne, Belgium, 147–48, 150
Larned, Lieutenant, 536
Latvia, 455
Latvians, xxiv
Laughlin, Irwin, 26
Lauriat, Charles E., Jr., 90–101
Lausanne, Stephen, 728–29
Law, Captain (Edmund W. Lynch), 518, 541
League for Peace, 276, 341–43, 378–79, 381–82, 741
League of Nations, xxviii, xxxi, 350, 452–53, 655, 657, 679, 684, 686, 805; Covenant of, 646–49, 683, 698, 706, 720, 722–28, 732–34, 741, 747, 749–51, 753, 755–57; President Wilson’s address to Senate on, 698–710; President Wilson’s speech in Pueblo, Colo., on, 746–61; Senator Lodge’s speech on, 713–42
Leavenworth military prison, 675
Le Brun, Dr., 465, 467–69
Lee, Algernon, 335
Lee, Clarence, 677
Lee, Robert E., 108, 271
Le Havre, France, 172
Lehr, Louis C., 364
Leidenfrost, Adolf von, 56
Leinster, sinking of, 613
Lenin (Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov), 654
Leopold II, 714
Les Éparges, France, 75
Le Soir (Brussels), 14
Leviathan, USS, 590–97, 661–65
Lewis, Sam M.: “How ’Ya Gonna Keep ’Em Down on the Farm?” 639–40
Lewisohn, Ludwig: Up Stream, 789–804
Liberalism, 375–76, 383–84, 400
Liberator, 686
Liberty bonds. See War bonds
Liberty League, 502, 686
Libya, 357
Lichnowsky, Karl von, 25–26, 28
Lichnowsky, Mechtilde von, 26
Liebknecht, Karl, 223
Life, 665
Li Hung-chang, 134
Lille, France, 193, 202
Lincoln, Abraham, 108, 261–65, 269, 385, 641, 807
Lindsey, Ben B., 229
Lipkin, Dora, 774
Lippmann, Walter, 447, 631; “The World Conflict in Its Relation to American Democracy,” 341–51
Lissauer, Ernst, 791
Lithuania, 283, 288, 455
Lithuanians, xxiv
Little, George C., 603
Little, Frank, 424
Liverpool, England, 90
Lloyd George, David, 449, 638, 653–56, 658, 679, 798
Lochner, Louis P., 228–29
Lodge, Henry Cabot, 107, 698, 746; speech on League of Nations, 713–42
Lokal-Anzeiger (Berlin), 283, 288
London, England, 18, 36, 122, 152, 172, 257, 303, 352, 376, 573, 637, 788; American embassy in, 15–16, 23–29, 298; Austro-Hungarian embassy in, 25; German aerial bombing of, 357–65; German embassy in, 25–28
Long Branch, N.J., 265
Loos, France, 200–206
Lorraine, xxv, 33, 63, 140, 275, 452, 460, 625
Los Angeles, Calif., 673
Louvain, Belgium, 33, 36–41, 111
Lovell, Walter, 308–10
Lovemann, John, 573–74
Lowell, Amy, 636
Lowell, James Russell, 567
Loznica, Serbia, 81
Lucy-le-Bocage, France, 471–72
Ludendorff, Erich, 470, 613, 618
Ludlow massacre, 222
Lufberry, Gervais Raoul, 307
Lukens, Edward C.: A Blue Ridge Memoir, 580–86
Lusitania, RMS, sinking of, xxvii, 90–102, 107–8, 110–11, 113–14, 122, 125–28, 134, 213, 216, 222, 241, 269, 584, 663
Lüttwitz, Arthur von, 37
Luxembourg, 15, 18
LVG airplane, 249
Lynching, xxx, 122–23, 386, 390–92, 424, 496–97, 503, 507–9, 670–71, 743–44, 793–94
MacArthur, Douglas, 664
MacConnell, James, 306–12
MacDonald, Charles B., 55
Macedonia, 82
Machine guns, xxviii, 258–59, 304, 440–43, 473–74, 478–82, 485, 510, 515–17, 526–28, 532–33, 536–37, 539–41, 544–46, 550–51, 553, 555, 560, 583, 585, 587, 603–5, 610, 622, 625, 826
Mackensen, August von, 254
Mahmud, Çürüksulu, 209
Mamuret-ul-Aziz (Elâziğ), Turkey, 154–56, 162, 168
Manchuria, 460
Mandates, League of Nations, 686, 703–4
Marines, U.S., 470–83, 486, 813
Marne River, 67, 470–71, 512, 514, 558, 826–27
Marquis, Samuel, 229
Marsh (artilleryman), 663
Marvin, Rumsey, 409
Mason, Austin B., 244
Masses, 81, 444
Matin, 728
Mattes, Joseph W., 421
Max of Baden, Prince, 613, 618
May, Henry A., 593–97
McAdoo, William Gibbs, 295
McCrary, Frank R., 26
McKay, Claude, 743; “If We Must Die,” 744–45; “The Little Peoples,” 686
McKinley, William, 754
McMaster, George, 674, 676
McMurtry, George G., 609–10
Meaux, France, 471
Medal of Honor, 805, 827
Medical Officers’ Reserve Corps, 363–65
Mediterranean Sea, 314, 369
Mednyánszky, László, 50–51
Mehmed V, 207
Mencken, H. L.: “The Diary of a Retreat,” 282–88
Mensdorff, Albert von, 25, 28
Merchant ships, arming of, 293, 313, 315
Merizzi, Eric von, 2–4, 7–8
Merz, Charles, 631
Mesopotamia, xxiv, 156, 158
Messenger, 743–45
Methodists, 570
Metropolitan Magazine, 81, 110, 213
Metternich, Klemens von, 716–18
Metz, France, 577
Meuse River, 67, 76, 249, 558, 577–89, 603–12, 621, 625, 660, 673
Mexican embassy, Berlin, 301–2
Mexico, 13, 20, 29, 47, 81, 111–12, 266–68, 344, 694, 731; American incursions in, 30, 38, 269, 298, 460, 470, 784; Zimmermann telegram, xxvii, 298–305, 320, 367
Mexico City, Mexico, 301; Austro-Hungarian embassy in, 304; German embassy in, 298–99, 302–3, 305, 320; Japanese embassy in, 302
Mezière, Charles, 674, 676
Mezreh, Turkey, 165
Michigan, 813
Middle Ages, 404
Milan, Italy, 504–6, 554
Militarism, xxiii, 48, 174, 184, 215, 218–24, 294, 331, 337–38, 349, 374, 394, 398–99, 501, 762–63, 766, 790–91, 796
Military preparedness, xxvii, 217–24, 280, 374–75, 394
Mill, John Stuart, 799
Millard, Shirley: I Saw Them Die, 455–59, 464–69, 512–13
Missionaries, 120, 158–61, 166–67, 169
Mithat Şükrü, 208, 210
Mitchell, Silas Weir, 649
Mobilization, xxix, 15, 20, 316–17, 427
Moldavians, xxiv
Mondell, Frank W., 696–97
Monroe, James, 281, 718, 730, 736
Monroe Doctrine, 46, 281, 718, 727–31, 757
Montaigne, Michel de, 804
Montana, 424
Montenegro, 452
Montfaucon, France, 558
Montmirail, France, 63–64
Montpelier, Vt., 590
Montreuil-aux-Lions, France, 471–72
Montreuil-sur-Mer, France, 135–36
Moreau, Dr., 467
Morgan, J. P., 798
Morgenthau, Henry, 118–21, 154, 162, 169, 207–12
Moroccans, 198
Morphine, 488–89, 513, 556
Mother Earth, 217
Motion pictures, xxix, 649, 691–92, 695, 791, 793
Moton, Robert R., 507
Mount Kisco, N.Y., 187
Mourmelon, France, 244–47
Müller, Georg von, 254
Münsterberg, Hugo, 17–22, 42–45; The War and America, 17, 42
Murry, Paul, 675–76
Muslims, 4, 59, 118–21, 166, 168, 211, 385
Nansen, Fridjof, 655
Naples, Italy, 717
Napoléon I (Napoléon Bonaparte), xxvi, 21, 42, 216, 230, 246, 714, 791
Napoléon III (Louis Napoléon), 731
Nation, 122
National American Woman Suffrage Association, 430
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, 46, 412, 427, 496, 501, 503, 507, 670
National Board of Historical Service, 690
National Civil Liberties Bureau, 394
National Defense Council, 305
National Guard, 510, 621
Nationalism, xxiii, xxv, 1, 4, 8, 185, 218, 262, 347–50, 376, 654
National Woman’s Party, 430
Naval armaments, 280–81
Navy, British, 25, 43, 126, 210, 231, 286, 298, 381; blockade by, xxvii, 90, 114, 124, 226, 324–27, 345–46, 352, 625, 788, 790–91; war zones declared by, 324–27
Navy, French, 663
Navy, German, xxiv, 23, 43, 47, 254, 364; at Constantinople, 370; sinking of Lusitania, 90–91, 107–8, 110–11, 113–14, 122, 125–28, 213, 216, 222, 241, 269; and terms of Armistice, 625; U-boat warfare, xxvii, 115–16, 238–42, 268–69, 282–90, 292, 294, 299–300, 303, 307, 311, 313–17, 321, 324–26, 331, 338, 342–43, 345–47, 447, 470, 591, 613–14; war zones declared by, 324–27
Navy, Ottoman, 118, 210
Navy, Russian, 118, 210
Navy, U.S., xxix, 26–27, 38, 306, 311, 316–17, 366, 724, 735, 739, 758; preparedness, 217–18; troopships heading to France, 590–97; troopships returning to America, 661–65
Navy Leagues, 219, 221
Nâzım, Mehmed, 208
Nebraska, 568–76
Nesle, France, 307
Netherlands, xxv, 15, 18, 23, 170–72, 226–27, 283, 324, 326, 693–94
Neuilly, France, 310
Neurosis, war, 779–83
Neutrality, xxv–xxvii, 15, 90, 199, 224, 226, 261, 288, 301, 377–78, 382, 688; American, 30–32, 293–94, 299, 304, 337, 341, 367, 374–75, 689, 729; armed, 313, 315–16; Belgian, 10, 17, 23, 344, 346; and civilians of neutral nations, 102, 113, 115, 128–29, 242; George Norris on, 323–27, 332; Jane Addams on, 170–73; Theodore Roosevelt on, 107–11, 214, 268; Walter Lippmann on, 341, 343–46; William Jennings Bryan on, 113–17; Woodrow Wilson on, 30–32, 238–39, 243, 275, 279, 313–16, 318
Neville, Wendell C., 472
Newburn, Art, 556–57
New Freedom, 30
New Mexico, 298–99
New Negro movement, 502, 743–45
New Republic, 58, 60, 401, 629, 633
New York, 261, 270, 430, 676, 783
New York Age, 427–29
New York American, 607–12
New York Call, 444–46
New York City, 18, 61, 63, 81, 90, 118, 135, 150, 152, 179, 189, 217, 261, 310, 312, 364, 444, 502, 558–59, 568–69, 635, 639–40, 661, 664, 686; African-American protest march in, 407, 496; deportation of radicals from, 768–71; soldiers from, 510, 607–12
New York Evening Journal, 50–57
New York Evening Telegram, 799
New York Herald, 122
New York Stock Exchange, 328–30
New York Sun, 189, 400
New York Times, 1–9, 107–12, 187–88, 357–65, 472, 768–76, 791
New York Tribune, 33–41, 298–305
New York University, 412
New York World, 50, 254
New Zealand, 23; in League of Nations, 727, 751; troops from, 118, 260
Nicholas I, 718
Nicholas II, 15, 331, 447
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 793, 800
Nieuport, Belgium, 138, 146–47, 149
Nieuport airplane, 248–50, 306, 309, 311
Nineteenth Amendment, xxx, 598–602
9th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 471
92nd Army Division, U.S., 673–74
Niš, Serbia, 89
Nogales, Ariz., 304–5
No Man’s Land, 510–11, 560, 581, 634
Non-combatant service, 394, 399–401, 405
Normandy, 821
Norris, George, 323–32
North Sea, 63, 90, 148, 151, 226, 324–25, 327
Norton-Harjes Ambulance Corps, 409–11, 423, 821
Norway, xxv, 172, 226–28, 283, 324, 326, 694
Novoaleksandrovsk, Russia (Zarasai, Lithuania), 283
Noyon, France, 307
Nurses, 233–37, 251–53, 434, 455–59, 464–69, 486–94, 502–4, 512–13, 591, 595–97, 636
Observation balloons, 260, 622
Oederlin, Frederick, 613, 615
Ohio, 769, 789
Ohio State University, 789–804
Oil supply, xxiv, 301–3, 613
Olney, Richard, 731
Omaha, Neb., 667–68
103rd Aero Squadron, U.S., 438
109th Machine Gun Battalion, U.S., 517, 541
110th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 526
111th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 514–53
112th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 515–17, 525, 530, 534–36
118th Field Artillery Regiment, U.S., 558–61
124th Field Artillery Regiment, U.S., 625
129th Field Artillery Regiment, U.S., 621
149th Field Artillery Regiment, U.S., 664
150th Field Artillery Regiment, U.S., 660, 663–64
166th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 664
168th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 664
Oradowsky, Marcus, 769
Orlando, Vittorio, 652–54, 658
O’Ryan, John F., 221
Osman, Nizami, 209–10
Ottoman Empire, xxiv–xxv, 19, 33, 89, 344, 357; alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary, 118; breaks relations with United States, 207; dissolution of, 702–3; leadership of, 207–10; massacres of Armenians, 118–21, 154–69, 207–9, 211–12, 268, 385, 408; peace treaty with Turkey (1920), 748–49; revolution in (1908), 118–19 and Russian withdrawal from war, 447–49, 455; self-determination for peoples in, 452
Oxford University, 177, 377
Oyster Bay, N.Y., 42, 213, 445
Pacific Ocean, 122, 738
Pacifism, xxvii, 45, 113, 170–188, 224, 226–30, 373, 377–78, 382, 384, 396–406, 412, 430, 562
Paderewski, Ignacy Jan, 719
Page, Walter Hines, 15–16, 23–29, 298
Palestine, xxiv, 118, 210
Palmer, A. Mitchell, 768
Palmer, Frederick: The Folly of Nations, 784–88
Pan-African Congress, 670
Pan-Africanism, 46
Panama, 721, 732
Panama Canal, 29
Pan-Slavism, xxv, 1
Papen, Franz von, 303
Paris, France, 10, 12–13, 80, 122, 152, 172, 189, 233, 237, 248, 310, 363, 464–67, 471–72, 484, 493–94, 573, 618, 670, 693, 759, 788, 794, 813; American embassy in, 15, 26–27; fighting near, 63, 78–79, 700; peace conference in, xxviii, xxx–xxxi, 629–38, 646–59, 698, 708, 710, 747–48, 752, 756–57
Parker, Frank, 308, 310
Parsons, Edwin, 306, 311
Pastermadjian, Garegin (Armen Garo), 120
Paterson, N.J., 81
Paton, Stewart, 394, 401
Patriotism, xxvii, 265–67, 327, 329, 335–36, 351, 354, 394, 402, 445–46, 638, 690, 695–96, 741, 764, 793
Patten, Simon, 376
Patterson v. Colorado, 644
Paul, Alice, 430
Peace conference, xxviii, xxx–xxxi, 629, 633, 635, 637–38, 646–60, 670, 678–81, 701–10, 747–48, 752, 756–57
Peace proposals, 275–81, 286, 289, 295, 329, 342–43, 370, 613–20
Peace Ship, 226–30
Peace treaty (Treaty of Versailles), xxviii, xxxi, 625, 629, 637–38, 646–60, 679, 698–99, 705–6, 708–9, 713–42, 746–61, 794, 805
Peet, William W., 158, 167
Peronne, France, 307
Pershing, John J., 298, 363, 470, 478, 549, 558, 577, 626, 675–76, 690–91, 784; memorandum to Supreme War Council, 618–20; remarks to officers of 1st Division, 460–63
Persia (Iran), xxiv, 211, 369
Persian Gulf, 370
Perthes-les-Hurlus, France, 80, 191
Peru, 728
Petrograd. See St. Petersburg, Russia
Philadelphia, Pa., 102, 105, 304, 341, 408
Philippines, 43, 460, 709, 736
Phillips, Walter Alison, 718
Phillips, William, 297
Piave River, 504–5
Picardy, 460
Pierce, Franklin, 265
Pilate, Pontius, 111, 268
Pinchot, Amos, 402
Pippin, Horace, 587–89
Piracy, 110, 315
Plainfield Courier-News, 496–500
Plancher-Bas, France, 189
Plato, 804
Plebiscites, 704–5
Plettenberg, von (cavalry captain), 284–85
Pneumonia, 593, 595–96
Poincaré, Raymond, 250, 630
Pola, Croatia, 131
Poland, 50, 75, 279, 370, 452, 455, 647–48, 653, 655, 657, 659, 702, 719–20, 790, 794
Poles, xxiv–xxv, 45, 131
Polk, Frank Lyon, 291, 294, 296–97
Poperinghe, Belgium, 138–42
Port Arthur (Lüshun), China, 754
Portugal, 47
Post Office, censorship by, 444, 670
Potoriek, Oskar, 9
Pottle, Frederick A.: Stretchers, 484–95
Pouilly, France, 626–27
Pound, Ezra: “Hugh Selwyn Mauberley,” 777–78
Pourtalès, Friedrich von, 15
Powel, Bert, 203
Pozières, France, 255
Prager, Robert, 507
Presbyterians, 394, 652, 799
President Lincoln, USS, 661–62, 664
Press Bureau, U.S., in Paris, 472
Preston, Charles R., 604–5
Princeton University, 30, 394, 438
Princip, Gavrilo, xxv, 1–3, 5–8
Prisoners of war, 255–57, 259–60, 410, 425, 505, 540, 598, 561, 585–87, 589, 630, 788
Progressive Party, 30, 261
Progressivism, 81, 113, 313
Propaganda, 328, 339–40, 381, 565, 660, 687–97, 747, 763, 791, 793–95
Protestants, 54, 113, 122, 164, 170, 495, 794. See also individual sects
Prussia, xxiv–xxv, 17, 23, 257, 287, 319, 351, 385, 403–4, 452, 534, 617, 689, 794; militarism of, 48, 218–19, 221, 294, 349, 399, 796; treaties with United States, 111, 117, 300; war with France, 452, 487
Prut River, 130, 134
Przemyśl, Galicia, 50–54
Public opinion, 376, 405, 424, 687–88, 747
Pueblo, Colo., 746
Pulitzer, Joseph, 50
Quakers, 179, 402
Queenstown (Cobh), Ireland, 99, 110, 269
Race riots, xxx, 385–93, 407–8, 412–22, 432, 496, 743–44
Racial equality, xxx
Racial extermination, 118–21, 154–69, 207–9, 211–12, 268, 385, 408
Racism, 46–49, 412, 648, 673–77, 686
Radio broadcasts, 626, 692–93
Randolph, A. Philip, 743
Raon-l’Étape, France, 140
Rations, 531
Read, George W., 664
Red Cloud, Neb., 568, 573
Red Cross, 55, 64–65, 71, 80, 119, 131, 137, 139, 205, 399, 409, 455, 485–86, 502–6, 554, 568, 571, 575–76
Red Cross Magazine, 568–76
Reed, James A., 330–31
Reed, John, 189; The War in Eastern Europe, 81–89, 130–34
Refugees, 63, 119, 142, 147, 152, 168
Régnier, Henri de, 791
Reims, France, 192, 629
Reparations, xxxi, 44, 117, 275, 320, 350, 705, 707, 794
Republican Party, xxxi, 30, 107, 261, 264, 313, 323, 599, 613, 680, 696, 698, 713, 731, 768
Revigny, France, 77
Revolutionary War, 108, 262–64, 266–67, 272, 332, 367, 739
Rhineland, 447, 625, 660–61
Rhine River, 625, 813
Richtofen, Manfred von, 254
Riggs, Henry H., 158
Riis, George E., 226–30
Riza Bey, Ahmed, 208–9
Robinson, Boardman, 87, 130
Robinson, Helen Ring, 228
Rockefeller, John D., 565
Rockwell, Paul, 308–9, 311
Rocle, Marius, 308
Roediger, Conrad, 285–86
Roentgen, Wilhelm, 49
Rogers, Will, 678–80
Rohrbach, Paul, 344
Roland, 150
Rolland, Romain, 403
Romagne, France, 627, 667
Romania, xxv, 21, 89, 130–31, 284, 370, 452, 613, 703
Romanians, 369
Romanov dynasty, xxiv
Rome, ancient, 89, 262, 387, 404
Rome, Italy, 172
Ro’narch, Pierre, 145
Roosevelt, Archibald, 107
Roosevelt, Franklin D., xxxi
Roosevelt, Kermit, 213
Roosevelt, Theodore, xxvi, 30, 81, 311–12, 374, 394, 400, 407, 445, 641, 650–52, 713, 731–32, 756–57; condemnation of Germany by, 42–45; Emma Goldman’s criticism of, 218–20, 224; enmity toward President Wilson, 42, 107, 213–16; response to sinking of the Lusitania, 107–12; speech at Cooper Union, 261–70
Rosebery, Earl of (Archibald Primrose), 230
Rosencrantz, Hans, 258–59
Rosnet, Gabrielle, 69–71
Rousbrugge, Belgium, 233, 251, 434
Runyon, Damon, 607–12
Russia, xxiv–xxv, xxvii, 10, 16, 23, 29, 42–45, 89, 119–20, 132, 172, 181, 226, 342, 370, 378, 381, 655, 702; alliance with France, 15; Allied intervention in, 654; battle of Przemyśl, 50–54; battle of Zalezchik, 130–34; Bolshevik revolution, 447, 455, 762–63, 765–66; concessions in China of, 754–55; condemnation of actions of, 18–22; evacuation of territory of, 451; German declaration of war against, 15; German ultimatum to, 15; imperialism of, 6, 48; mobilization in, 15, 20; not at peace conference, 629; pogroms against Jews, 130, 408; provisional government formed in, 307, 319, 331, 343, 348–49, 371, 399, 447; radicals deported to, 768–76; support for Serbia, 19, 21, 343–45; withdrawal from war, 447–50, 455
Russo-Japanese War, 19, 33, 43, 460, 754, 784
Ruthenberg, Charles Emil, 335
Saar, 657, 704
Sabotage, 366
Sabri, Ayoub, 208
St. Hilaire, France, 190, 244–47
St. Just, France, 307–8, 311
St. Louis, Mo., 335, 562
St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 385–93
St. Mihiel, France, 77, 558–61, 577, 621, 625, 813
St. Nazaire, France, 660
St. Omer, France, 137, 150
St. Petersburg (Petrograd), Russia, 15, 447, 717
Saint-Pierre, abbé de (Charles-Irénée Castel), 714
St. Quentin, France, 306–7, 309–11, 455
St. Simon, France, 309, 311
Ste. Menehould, France, 67–69, 73 76
Şakir, Bahaeddin, 208
Salmon, Thomas W., 783
Salmond, Hubert George, 260
Santayana, George, 58–60, 341
Santoro, Cesare, 50
Sarajevo, Bosnia, 1–10
Saturday Evening Post, 799
Schenck, Charles T., 642
Schenck v. United States, 641–45, 762, 765
Schnabel, Adolph, 769
Schnitzler, Arthur, 789
Schoen, Wilhelm von, 302
Schreiner, George A., 55
Schütte, Oswald, 283
Schweibz, W. H., 304–5
Schwimmer, Rosika, 226–29
Scotland. See Britain
Scott, James Brown, 213
Scribner’s Magazine, 63, 80, 135
Seabrook, William B., 244–47
Seattle, Wash., 769
Séchault, France, 587–89
2nd Division, U.S., 471–72
Secret Service, U.S., 305
Sedan, France, 577
Sedition, 367, 403, 767, 821
Sedition Act (1798), 641, 767
Sedition Act (1918), xxx, 762, 764
Seeger, Alan, 189–99, 524; “I Have a Rendezvous with Death,” 231–32
Seeger, Charles, 231
Seeger, Elsie Simmons, 194
Segregation, xxix–xxx, 419, 427, 496–503, 507, 671
Self-determination, xxviii, xxx–xxxi, xxxiii, 275, 279, 281, 371, 451–52, 652–53, 670, 686, 702–4, 748
Senate, U.S., 16, 28, 107, 293, 313, 343, 566, 649, 680, 757; George Norris’s speech in, 323–32; Henry Cabot Lodge’s speech in, 713–42; President Wilson’s addresses to, 275–81, 598–602, 698–710; vote against peace treaty, xxxi, 746. See also Congress, U.S.
Senegal, 503
Serbia, 130, 181, 187, 452, 703, 789; and assassination of Franz Ferdinand, 1, 4–8, 10, 13, 19–20; Austro-Hungarian declaration of war against, 18–20; Austro-Hungarian invasion of, 50, 344–45, 369; battle of Gučevo Mountain, 80–89; Russian support for, 19, 21, 343–45
Serbs, xxiv–xxv, 369
Sergeant, Elizabeth Shepley: Shadow-Shapes, 629–38
Seven Arts, 373–84
77th Division, U.S., 535–36, 607–12
Shaler, Millard, 12
Shantung province, 722, 754
Sharp, William G., 664
Shattuck, Maxwell Carleton, 244
Shaw, Anna Howard, 430
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 799, 804
Shell shock, 661–62, 664, 779–83
Sherman, William T., 554
Sherwood, Elmer W., 663–65
Shrapnel, 490–92, 504, 529, 554–55, 825
Siam (Thailand), 727
Simmons, E. B., 676
Simons, Walter, 798
6th Marine Regiment, U.S., 471
Skinner, Lloyd, 660
Skinner, Robert, 26
Slavery, 47–48, 122, 157, 332, 498
Slavic Americans, 45, 433
Slavs, 1, 4, 17, 19–21, 44–46, 84, 702–3
Slovaks, xxiv
Slovenes, xxiv
Smith, Lieutenant C. (British air observer), 259
Smuts, Jan, 752
Smyrna (Izmir), Turkey, 209
Snow, Kneeland S., 418, 420
Social equality, xxix, 498–99, 665
Social Gospel, 170, 394
Socialists, 10, 30, 217, 227, 229, 323, 335–40, 371, 373, 377, 381, 396, 444, 502, 562, 565–66, 630, 642–43, 743, 771, 796
Soissons, France, 307, 455, 813
Solf, Wilhelm, 616
Somme campaign, 254–56, 282, 307–12
Somme River, 231, 251
Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, xxv, 1–9
Souain, France, 194, 196, 198
Soubiran, Robert, 310
South Africa, 23, 47, 752
South America, 43, 46–47, 122, 277, 302–3, 717–18, 720–21, 728, 730
Southard, Elmer Ernest, 782–83
Soviet Russia. See Russia
SPAD airplane, 307, 309, 438
Spain, 45, 291; German propaganda in, 694–95; revolutions by South American colonies, 717–18
Spanish-American War, 33, 43, 291, 460, 709, 736, 775
Sparks, Lee, 413–19
Spingarn, Joel, 501
Squier, George, 15
Stars and Stripes, 624
“Star-Spangled Banner,” 571, 774
State Department, U.S., 113, 124, 154, 296, 303
Statue of Liberty, 150, 774
Steffens, Lincoln, 81
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 38
Stinnes, Hugo, 798
Stoermer, Ed, 417
Stone, William J., 293, 296
Strauss, Richard, 799
Sturgis, S. D., 664
Submarines. See U-boats
Sudermann, Hermann, 49
Suffrage: African-American, xxix, 431, 497, 670–71; woman, xxx, 412, 430–33, 598–602
Suippes, France, 80, 191–93
Sumner, Captain (U.S. officer), 604–5
Sunday, Billy, 351, 679
Supreme Court, U.S., 261, 270, 562, 641–45. See also individual cases
Suresnes, France, 681–85, 759–60
Survey, 170–86, 394–408
Sussex, torpedoing of, 238, 241
Sussex pledge, 238, 290–91, 294, 314, 341
Sweden, xxv, 172, 226–27, 324, 326, 694
Sweet, Richard, 291, 297
Swift & Co. v. United States, 765
Swing, Raymond, 283
Switzerland, 10, 63, 172, 176–77, 283, 502, 613, 615, 693–94
Swope, Herbert Bayard, 254–60; Inside the German Empire, 254
Syracuse, N.Y., 107
Syria, xxiv, 158, 210
Taft, William Howard, 30, 298, 651–52
Talaat Pasha, Mehmed, 208–10
Tampico, Mexico, 301
Tariffs, 724–25
Tarnopol, Galicia, 134
Tarnowski, Adam, 321
Tartars, 44, 89
Taube airplane, 141, 143–44, 358
Temple, Ben, 604
Tennessee, USS, 27
Texas, 298–99, 412–22
Thackeray, William Makepeace, 791
Thaw, William, 310
Thenault, Georges, 248, 309
Thiel, Fritz, 286–87
Thirteenth Amendment, 643
13th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 773
33rd Division, U.S., 625
35th Division, U.S., 621
Thomas, Benjamin, 676
Thomas, Edward, 274
Thomas, Norman, 373; “War Heretics: A Plea for the Conscientious Objector,” 394–406
Thompson, Orville R., 544–45, 548–50
Thoreau, Henry David, 220
Thrasher, Leon C., 113
308th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 607–12
314th Mobile Ordnance Repair Shop, 666
319th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 604
320th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 577–86
365th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 673–77
369th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 510, 587–89, 639
Thwing, Francis Wendell Butler, 199
Titus, Lieutenant, 580
Tokyo, Japan, 298, 300; German embassy in, 302
Tolstoy, Leo, 397
Toronto Star, 813
Travers, Sara, 414, 416, 420
Treasury Department, U.S., xxxi
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, 447–49, 455
Treaty of Chaumont, 715
Treaty of London (1839), 23
Treaty of London (1915), 653
Treaty of Paris (1815), 715–19
Treaty of Portsmouth, 754
Treaty of Tilsit, 714
Treaty of Utrecht, 713–14
Treaty of Versailles. See Peace treaty
Treaty of Vienna, 715
Trebinje, Bosnia, 2, 5, 7
Treitschke, Heinrich von, 221
Trenches, xxvii–xxx, 191–98, 200–206, 233, 244, 248, 284, 330, 404, 456, 460, 508, 554, 559, 582–83
Tripp, Stephen O., 391–92
Truman, Harry, 621–24
Trumbić, Ante, 652
Tucker, Sophie, 639
Tuckerton, N.J., 692–93
Tumulty, Joseph, 296
Turkey, peace treaty with, 748–49. See also Ottoman Empire
Turkish Revolution (1908), 118–19
Turkmen, xxiv
Turner, George Douglas, 251
Turner, William Thomas, 92, 95
Tuskegee Institute, 507
23rd Infantry Regiment, U.S., 471
24th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 412–22
Tyrol, 131
U-boats, xxvii, 90–91, 110–11, 113–16, 124–28, 213, 216, 238–42, 254, 268–69, 282–90, 292, 294, 299–300, 303, 307, 311, 313–17, 321, 324–26, 331, 338, 342–43, 345–47, 447, 470, 591, 613–14, 625, 788
U-9, 254
U-20, 90
U-30, 90
Uhlans, 34
Ukraine, 130, 455
Ukrainians, xxiv
Unconditional surrender, 613, 616, 618, 620
Union of Russian Workers, 769
Unitarians, 652
University of Nebraska, 572
Unknown Soldier, burial of, xxxii–xxxiii, 805–9, 827–28
Urfa, Turkey, 156, 158
U.S. Embassy, Berlin, 113, 124, 259, 288, 296
U.S. Embassy, Brussels, 10–14
U.S. Embassy, Constantinople, 118, 154, 161–62, 167–69
U.S. Embassy, London, 15–16, 23–29, 298
U.S. Embassy, Paris, 15, 26–27
U.S. Military Academy (West Point), 428
Uzbeks, xxiv
Vaile, William N., 768–69
Valjevo, Serbia, 82, 85–88
Valley Forge, 266–67, 272
Van, Turkey, 120
Varennes, France, 71, 73
Vatican, 172
Vauquois, France, 70–71
Veblen, Thorstein, 376
Veracruz, Mexico, 38, 298, 784
Verdun, France, 63, 69, 73–76, 80, 140, 248–50, 271, 282, 409–11, 577
Vermeule, Cornelius Clarkson, Jr., 604
Vermont, 590–92
Versailles, France, 698
Vesle River, 514–18, 523–30, 538–43, 546, 549, 551
Vesoul, France, 190
Veterans Bureau, U.S., 782
Victor Emmanuel III, 634
Vienna, Austria, xxv, 3–6, 18, 82, 131, 321, 573
Vignau, Captain, 284–85
Villa, Francisco (Pancho), 81, 298, 470
Vilna, Russia (Vilnius, Lithuania), 283
Vitry-le-François, France, 77, 190
Voice, 502–3, 686
Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet), 804
Vosges Mountains, 63, 151, 621, 779
Vouziers, France, 190–91, 197
Wagner, Richard, 793
Wahabis, 723
Walker, Ronald, 259
Wallace, Bess, 621, 623
Walling, William English, 400
War bonds, xxix, 219, 224, 317, 624, 773
War Department, U.S., 427–28
War neurosis, 779–83
War of 1812, 43
War zones, 324–27
Washington, Booker T., 507
Washington, D.C., xxxi, 24, 30, 105–6, 109, 113, 118, 124, 207, 222, 275, 366, 591, 613, 615, 646, 649–50, 670, 679, 711, 762, 805, 827–28; Austro-Hungarian embassy in, 321; German embassy in, 116, 282, 289–91, 293–94, 296–97, 299, 301, 303, 367; race riot in, 743–44; Woman’s Peace Party formed in, 170
Washington, George, 108, 261–64, 266–67, 269, 272, 729–30, 736, 807
Washington Post, 827
Weddigen, Otto, 254
Weeks, John W., 805
Weeks v. United States, 643
Wells, H. G., 397
Welton, Francis, 551
Werfel, Franz, 798
West Indies, 47, 503, 709
Weyl, Walter, 376–77
Wharton, Edith, 63–80, 135–51
White, Henry, 654, 664, 681
Whitlock, Brand, 12
Whitman, Walt, 799, 804
Whittlesey, Charles, 609–12
Wilhelm II, 19–20, 26, 33, 38, 41, 43, 215, 224, 230, 282, 331, 403, 617–18, 661, 793
Williams, Ashby: Experiences of the Great War, 577–79, 603–6
Williams, James A, 546–48
Williams, Wallace, 418–19
Willis, Captain, 674–76
Willis, Harold, 309
Wilson, Captain, 605
Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 102, 631, 646, 649–50, 698, 805
Wilson, Ellen Axson, 30
Wilson, Robert, 255–56
Wilson, William Bauchop, 295
Wilson, Woodrow, xxv–xxxi, 15, 23, 29, 45, 108, 113, 124, 172, 180, 217, 311, 324, 327–28, 333, 342–44, 352, 374–75, 397, 431, 460, 462, 562, 618, 678–81, 693, 711–12, 727, 736, 762, 828; Address on League of Nations, 698–710; Address on Neutrality, 30–32; Address on “Peace without victory,” 275–81; Address on the Sussex incident, 238–43; Address on War Aims (the Fourteen Points), 447–54; Address on War with Germany, 313–22; Address on Woman Suffrage, 598–602; Address to Naturalized Citizens, 102–6; election of 1916, 207, 261, 264–70; Emma Goldman’s criticism of, 218–21, 224; Flag Day Address, 366–72; health of, 746, 805; Henry Cabot Lodge’s enmity toward, 713; Memorial Day Address at Suresnes, 681–85; at peace conference in Paris, 629–38, 646–60, 708; peace notes to Germany, 613–17; policy toward Mexico, 298; and race relations, 496, 503, 507–9, 743; severing diplomatic relations with Germany, 289, 291–97, 300; speech at Pueblo, Colo., 746–61; Statement on Lynching, 507–9; Theodore Roosevelt’s enmity toward, 42, 107, 213–16
Woman’s Peace Party, 170, 226, 430
Women, xxx; in labor force, 444–46, 691; suffrage for, 412, 430–33, 598–602
Women’s Council for National Defense, 572
Woolsey, Lester Hood, 291, 297
Wright, Charley, 515, 533
Wundt, Wilhelm, 49
Wyke, Godfrey, 541
Xenophobia, xxx
X-rays, 488, 492–93, 504
Yale Review, 274
Yaphank, N.Y., 608
Yeats, William Butler, 434
Y.M.C.A. chaplains, 495
Young, Hugh H., 363–65
Young, Joe: “How ’Ya Gonna Keep ’Em Down on the Farm?” 639–40
Young Bosnia, 1
Youngstown, Ohio, 408
Young Turks, 118, 121
Ypres, Belgium, 135, 138, 140–41, 146, 149, 188, 470
Yugoslavia, xxxi, 652–53, 703, 725–26
Zadagora, Galicia, 134
Zalezchik, Galicia, 130
Zastevna, Galicia, 130
Zavlaka, Serbia, 87
Zeitoun, Turkey, 119
Zeppelins, 255, 357–58, 573
Zimmermann, Arthur, xxvii, 298–99
Zimmermann telegram, xxvii, 298–305, 320
Zita of Bourbon-Parma, 6
Zouaves, 189, 198
Zubarán, Rafael, 301–2