INDEX

Citizens United decision of

Field’s interpretation of Privileges or Immunities Clause agreed to by

in resegregation cases

in same-sex marriage case

and same-sex marriage cert petition

Supreme Court criticized by

on value of dissent

Almanac of Liberty, An (Douglas)

Amendment 2

Amendment 3½, 6.1, 11.1

American Bar Association

American Civil Liberties Union

American Communist Party, 6.1, 6.2, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

American Law Review

American Revolution, itr.1, 2.1

American Sugar Refining Company

American Telephone&Telegraph

American Tobacco Company

Amsterdam, Anthony

Andrews, George W.

Anglo-American law

antimiscegenation laws

anti-union prejudice

appeals, 7.1, 9.1

appeals courts

appellate court, 10.1, nts.1

appellate judges

Appointments Clause

Appropriation Act (1922)

Article II war powers

Articles of Confederation, 3.1, 5.1

Articles of War, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5

Article 25, 8.1, 8.2

Article 38

Asquith, Lord Justice

assisted suicide, 1.1, 11.1

Atkins, Daryl Renard, 10.1, 11.1

Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company

Aurora

Australia

Austria

bad tendency test, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5

Baker’s Journal

Bakers Union

baking industry, 5.1, 5.2

Bakke, Allan, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4

Baldus, David C., 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

Baldwin, Henry, 3.1, 3.2

Balkans

Ballard, Edna

Baltimore&Ohio Railroad

Bank of United States, 3.1, 3.2

banks, 3.1, 6.1, 7.1

bar associations

Barbour, Philip P., 3.1, 3.2

Barnes, Robert

Bartemeyer (liquor dealer)

Barton, Edmund

Bay of Pigs

Being an American (Douglas)

Betts, Smith, 9.1, 9.2

Bill of Rights, 4.1, 10.1

incorporation of, see incorporation

and right to privacy, 6.1, 11.1

and states, 6.1, 6.2

Bird, Rose

Black, Hugo Lafayette, 1.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 9.1, 11.1, nts.1

Betts decision of, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 11.1, 12.1

on civil searches

dissent in picketing case

in Court feud, 7.1, 8.1

dissent in case of contempt charges for lawyers of Communists, 9.1, nts.1

on dissents

Douglas aligned with

Douglas’s agreements with

on due process as fairness, 9.1, 9.2

on exclusionary rule not applying to states, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

in Ex parte Quirin

and Fair Labor Standards Act case

First Amendment opinion of, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1

in flag salute case

Frankfurter’s agreements with

free speech opinions of, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

Griswold dissent of

as head of liberal group of justices

human dignity discussed by

on importance of First Amendment

incorporation supported by, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 11.1, nts.1

in In re Yamashita, 8.1, 8.2, nts.1

intensive reading by

judicial philosophy of, 8.1, 8.2

in Korematsu case, 8.1, nts.1

legal liberalism of

on need for benefit of counsel, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 12.1

right to privacy opposed by

opinion in death penalty cases of, 9.1, 9.2

Black, Hugo Lafayette (continued)

Palko dissent of, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, nts.1

Poe dissent of, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3

political skills of

precedents and

reapportionment dissent of, 9.1, 9.2

and Roberts’s departure from Court

Rochin v. California concurrence of

as “scorpion,”

on segregation in private businesses

on Sixth Amendment

statements by

in steel seizure case

trial of foreign combatants dissent of

uncomfortable with selective due process

Black Act (1723)

Black Codes

Black-Connery bill

Blackmun, Harry, 1.1, 1.2, 11.1, 12.1

affirmative action supported by, 11.1, 11.2, nts.1, nts.2

Austin decision of

and death penalty cases, 1.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5

on free speech

judicial restraint and

McCleskey dissent of

in Pennsylvania abortion case

privacy rights defended by

Roe decision of, 11.1, 11.2

in sodomy case

Blackstone, William, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Blair, Justice

Blasi, Vincent

Bond, Carroll T., 9.1, 9.2

Bond, Julian

Bork, Robert H., 6.1, 11.1

Boston, Mass.

Boston Gazette

Bowen, William

Boy Scouts of America, 1.1, 11.1

Bradley, Joseph P., 4.1, 4.2

on citizenship

Civil Rights Cases, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

dissent in intrastate carriers segregation case

Field’s agreements with

on limitations of Fourteenth Amendment

Slaughterhouse dissent of, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

substantive due process and, 4.1, 5.1

on Thirteenth Amendment and racial prejudice, 5.1, 5.2

Bradwell, Myra

Brandeis, Alfred

Brandeis, Louis Dembitz, 1.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1

anti-Semitism faced by

on antitrust

on appeal cases, 7.1, 7.2

bad tendency test as seen by

briefs of, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2

as clerk

clerks of

dissenting strategy of

dissents of, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, 6.11, 6.12, 6.13, 6.14, 6.15, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 8.1, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1, nts.1, nts.2, nts.3, nts.4

drinking by

on Fourth Amendment, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

on free speech, 1.1, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7

Holmes’s relationship with, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4

Hughes’s efficiency admired by

on incorporation, 6.1, 6.2

influence of

Johnson praised by

Judges’ Bill disdained by

judicial restraint preached by, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 8.1

law review articles cited by, 1.1, 6.1

legal classicism fought by

legal liberalism of

on liberty of contract

on living Constitution, 6.1, nts.1

majority opinions of

on modern context of cases

powers of administrative agencies delineated by

Olmstead dissent of, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 8.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

on picketing as protected speech, 8.1, 9.1

on precedence, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1

on presidential powers to remove appointees

reputation of

on reversal of previous decisions

on right of privacy, 1.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 12.1

on rights of minorities

short opinions of

on sixty-hour workweek

statements by

states viewed as laboratories by

Taft respected by

as well-informed on politics

Whitney concurrence of, 1.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, nts.1, nts.2

writing style of

Brennan, William J., 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 12.1, 12.2

on abrogation of civil liberties

affirmative action supported by, 5.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, nts.1

First Amendment opinion of

Austin decision of

on civil searches

in death penalty case, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7

death penalty dissent of, 1.1, 11.1, 11.2

dissents defended by

on equal protection

on Fourteenth Amendment

Fourteenth Amendment viewed by

Griswold decision of

on importance of majority

on justices’ dislike of Burger

living Constitution defended by

in majority on Califano v. Goldfarb

McCleskey dissent of, 12.1, 12.2, nts.1

Poe decision of

in reapportionment case, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

on right to counsel, 9.1, 9.2

Roe decision of

Scalia’s dissent with

6–3 majority wanted on case by

Stone v. Powell dissent of

Warren respected by

Brewer, David J., on Harlan, 5.1, 5.2

Breyer, Stephen, fm.1, 12.1

ACA upheld by

affirmative action supported by

Amendment 2 struck down by

book published by

on free market of ideas

and same-sex marriage cert petition

on need for dissent

in physician-assisted suicide, 1.1, 11.1

Scalia’s debates with

in sodomy case, 9.1, 11.1

speaking by

on value of dissent

writings of

British Commonwealth, 10.1, 10.2

Brown, Henry Billings

on dissent

in income tax case

Lochner decision of

Plessy v. Ferguson decision of

Brown, Jerry

Buchanan, James, 3.1, 3.2

Bunker Hill

Burger, Warren, 1.1, 11.1, nts.1

affirmative action opposed by, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, nts.1

on car stops and Miranda, 1.1, 1.2

Burger, Warren (continued)

and death penalty cases, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3

O’Connor’s negotiations with

Roe decision of

in sodomy cases

Burger Court, 11.1, 11.2

affirmative action cases in

four hundred separate opinions in, 11.1, 11.2

privacy right case in

Burke County, Ga.

Burlington line

Burton, Harold, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 11.1, nts.1

in In re Yamashita

opinion in Francis death penalty case of, 9.1, 9.2

trial of foreign combatants dissent of

and steel seizure case

Bush, George H. W., 11.1, 12.1

Bush, George W., 1.1, 8.1, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

and Guantánamo case, 1.1, 5.1, 8.1

Butler, Pierce, 1.1, 1.2, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1

Buxton, C. Lee

Byrnes, James

Calhoun, John C.

California, 11.1, 11.2, nts.1

affirmative action in

margin sales banned in

right to counsel in

segregated prison facilities in

California, University of

at Davis, Medical School of

California Criminal Syndicalism Act

Callins, Bruce Edwin

campaign finance, 1.1, 1.2, 11.1

Campbell, John A., 4.1, 4.2

racism of

in Slaughterhouse Cases, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

Canada, 10.1, nts.1

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Cardozo, Benjamin, 1.1, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1, 12.1

Brandeis’s influence on

on difficult cases

exclusionary rule denounced by

on importance of First Amendment

on incorporation, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, nts.1

short opinions of

Carnley, Willard

Carson, Hampton

car stop, Miranda warnings and

Carter, Jesse W., 1.1, 10.1

cast-iron pipe market

Catholic Church, 10.1, 11.1

Catron, John

Central America

certificates of applicability

Chafee, Zechariah, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, nts.1

Charles River Bridge Company

charters, 3.1, 4.1

Chase, Salmon P., 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

Chase, Samuel, 2.1, 2.2

checks and balances, 8.1, 12.1

Chicago Board of Trade

Child Labor Act (1916)

child pornography

children, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2, nts.1

execution of

Choate, Joseph, 5.1, 5.2

Christian Scientists

Ciparick, Carmen Beauchamp

citizenship

birthright

definition of

nation vs. state

not defined in Constitution

in Slaughterhouse Cases, 4.1, 4.2

Citizens United

civic virtue, 6.1, 6.2

civil law

civil liberties, itr.1, 2.1, 7.1, 11.1, 11.2

civil rights, 1.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 11.1

activism over, 6.1, 9.1

social rights vs.

Civil Rights Act (1866), 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2

in Slaughterhouse Cases

Civil Rights Act (1964), 5.1, 7.1, 11.1, nts.1

affirmative action and, 5.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6

Title VI, 11.1, 11.2, nts.1

Title VII

civil rights movement

Civil Service Act

civil suits

Civil War, U.S., itr.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 8.1

Clark, Charles E.

Clark, Tom, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1

Communists prosecuted by

in discrimination cases, 5.1, 5.2

on exclusionary rule

on importance of Gideon

reapportionment case agreement of

on right to counsel

and steel seizure case

Clarke, John, 6.1, nts.1

Clayton Act

clear and present danger test, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, nts.1

clerks, 7.1, 7.2

Clinton, Bill, 12.1, 12.2

Clinton, Hillary, 1.1, 1.2

Coffin, Frank M., 1.1, 10.1

Cohen, Benjamin V.

Cold War

Colegrove, Kenneth W.

Colorado

Columbia Law Review, 9.1, 10.1

command accountability

Commentaries on the Laws of England (Blackstone)

commerce

foreign

interstate, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2

manufacturing vs.

Commerce Clause, 2.1, 3.1, 7.1, 7.2

ACA and, 12.1, 12.2

Black’s interpretation of

and child labor

in civil rights cases

FDR’s view of, 9.1, 12.1, 12.2

and monopolies

slavery and, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4

in Taney Court, 3.1, 3.2

Commerce Department, U.S.

Commercial

common law, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1

Common Law, The (Holmes), 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Communications Act (1934), 6.1, nts.1

Communism

Communist Labor Party

Compromise of 1877

Compton, Christian

concentric circle rule of reason

as increasingly legitimate

as limiting main decision

as useful tools

Confederacy, 2.1, 4.1

Conference of Judicial Councils

Congress, U.S., 1.1, 1.2

Civil Rights Act of 1866 passed by

control over docket given to Supreme Court by

Court’s interpretation of meaning of bills

naturalization laws and

Supreme Court cases on

Congressional Globe

Conkling, Roscoe

Connecticut, 11.1, 11.2

Connecticut Planned Parenthood League

Constitution, Mississippi

Constitution, U.S., itr.1, itr.2, 1.1, 2.1, 5.1, 10.1

adoption of

and African American citizenship, 3.1, 3.2

citizenship not defined in

Court’s power to interpret

court system in

as establishing federalism

laissez-faire interpretation of

living

originalists of, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 6.1, 11.1, 12.1

status of African Americans in

constitutional adjudication

constitutional crisis of the 1930s, 1.1, 1.2

constitutional dialogue

as cacophony

with president

with public, 1.1, 3.1, 9.1, 9.2, 12.1

and response to dissents

Constitutionalist

Constitution Contract Clause

constructive trust, 10.1, nts.1

contraception, 6.1, 11.1

contracts

liberty of, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2

Coplon, Judith

corporations

as persons, 4.1, 5.1

counsel, right to, 9.1, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1

Cour de Cassation

Court of Appeals, 8.1, 10.1, 10.2

Court of Appeals, Maryland

Court of Appeals, New York, 3.1, 10.1

Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces, U.S., 8.1, 10.1

Court of Common Pleas

Court of Federal Claims

Court of International Trade

court-packing plan

Crescent City Slaughterhouse

Criminal Anarchy Act

Cropley, C. E.

cruel and unusual punishment, itr.1, 1.1, 8.1, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1

Cuba

Curtis, Benjamin, 1.1, 3.1, nts.1

as conservative

Dred Scott dissent of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8

Curtis, David

Cushing, William, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

customs

Dallas, Alexander

Daniel, Peter V., 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, nts.1

Darden, Willie

Davis, Benjamin, 9.1

Day, William, 5.1, 6.1, 9.1, 9.2

death penalty, 1.1, 9.1, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, nts.1, nts.2

history of, 11.1, nts.1

debt, imprisonment for

decisions, writing of

Declaration of Independence, 3.1, 6.1

Declaratory Act (1845)

Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), 1.1, 11.1, 12.1

Defunis, Marcos

Democratic Party, 3.1, 3.2

Denman, William

Dennis, Eugene, 9.1, 9.2

discrimination, itr.1, 11.1

on public accommodations, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 11.1

see also segregation

dismissal for mootness

dissentals

dissent aversion

dissent(s)

in Abrams, 6.1, 9.1, 10.1, 12.1

in Adair, 5.1, 6.1

on affirmative action cases, 5.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, nts.1

in assisted-suicide case

in Atkins

attention paid to

in Baker, 9.1, 9.2

in Betts, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 11.1, 12.1

of Brandeis, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

breakdown in civility in

in Canadian Court

canon of

in case of contempt charges for lawyers of Communists

in case on Sherman Act

on cases on right to counsel, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

in Chafee case

choice of

in Civil Rights Cases, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 12.1

effects on relationship with other justices

concurrences as

criticism of

on death penalty, 1.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6

democracy fostered by

in Dennis, 8.1, 9.1

Douglas on importance of

Douglas’s defense of

in Dred Scott, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7

in early Court

on eavesdropping

in exclusionary rule cases

fate of, 11.1, 12.1

in flag salute case, 8.1, 9.1

in foreign tribunals, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3

in Francis death penalty case

of Frankfurter

in Gilbert, 6.1, 6.2

in Girouard

in Griswold, 11.1, 11.2

in Hammer

of Harlan, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9

in Holmes, 6.1, 12.1

of “horrible possibilities,”

in Income Tax Case, 1.1, 5.1

as increasingly common, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 8.2, 10.1, 11.1, nts.1

in intrastate carrier segregation case

in Korematsu, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1

in Lochner, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 11.1

in lower federal courts, 10.1, 10.2

Marshall’s dislike of

as matters of picque

in McCleskey, 12.1, 12.2

in McKenna

in Morrison, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

in Munn v. Illinois

negotiations over

new rationale for

in New State Ice Co.

in NFIB v. Sebelius, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, nts.1

in Olmstead, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

opinions changed by

opinions on value of, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 11.1, 12.1, nts.1

in Palko, 9.1, nts.1

in Pennsylvania v. West Virginia

perpetual

in picketing case

in Plessy v. Ferguson, 1.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

in Poe, 1.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5

as possibly harmful

in Powell v. Pennsylvania

on presidential powers to remove appointees

as prophetic

publication of

in reapportionment cases, 9.1, 11.1

reasons for, 12.1, nts.1

recent

responses to

in Roe

in same-sex marriage case, 11.1, 11.2

in school prayer case

in Schwimmer

dissent(s) (continued)

in Slaughterhouse Cases, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 12.1

in sodomy cases, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4

stare decisis and, 1.1, 1.2

in state supreme courts, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3

in steel seizure case

Stone on value of

Taft’s dislike of, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2

Taney on

in Tennessee reapportionment case

as threat

in Warren Court

in Yamashita, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 9.1, 12.1

district courts

District of Columbia, 3.1, 11.1

diversity mortgage foreclosures

diversity suits, 7.1, 9.1

dormant commerce clause

Douglas, William O., 1.1, 1.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 11.1, 12.1, nts.1

in affirmative action case

Betts decision of

Black’s agreements with

clerks of, 7.1, 7.2

on Communist free speech case, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

in Court feud, 7.1, 8.1

and death penalty cases

Dennis decision of, 8.1, 9.1

dissent in case of contempt charges for lawyers of Communists, 9.1, nts.1

dissent in picketing case

dissent in Sierra Club v. Morton

dissents defended by, 7.1, 10.1

on exclusionary rule

Field’s interpretation of Privileges or Immunities Clause agreed to by

First Amendment opinion of, 6.1, 6.2

in flag salute case, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1

Fourteenth Amendment viewed by

Frankfurter admired by

on free speech, 6.1, 6.2, 9.1

free speech opinions of

in Hirabayashi case

Hughes’s efficiency admired by

human dignity discussed by

on importance of First Amendment

in In re Yamashita

in Korematsu case, 8.1, nts.1

legal liberalism of

nasty tone of

on naturalization

on necessity of dissent

“one man, one vote” standard of

opinions of

opinions taken to the people by

Palko dissent of

philosophy of

Poe dissent of

precedents ignored by, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2

on public’s influence on Court

rational basis test adopted by

in reapportionment cases, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

on right to counsel, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5

on right to privacy

and Roberts’s departure from Court

Rochin v. California concurrence of

Roe decision of

as “scorpion,” 8.1, 8.2

on secretly recorded conversations

in sit-in case

on sterilization of criminals

statement by

Stone criticized by, 7.1, 7.2

strict scrutiny and

trial of foreign combatants dissent of

Warren respected by

writings of

draft, 6.1, 8.1

dual federalism

due process, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 4.1, 4.2, 8.1, 9.1

in Bartemeyer v. Iowa

and death penalty

and enemy combatants

as fundamental fairness, 9.1, 9.2

in In re Yamashita, 8.1, 12.1

in Munn v. Illinois

private property protected by

procedural

and right to counsel, 9.1, 9.2

substantive, see substantive due process

Due Process Clause (Fifth Amendment)

affirmative action and

in In re Yamashita, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5

Due Process Clause (Fourteenth Amendment), 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 8.1, 9.1

affirmative action and

Field’s creation of jurisprudence out of, 4.1, 5.1

and flag salute case

freedom of contract in, 5.1, 6.1

free speech protected by, 6.1, 6.2

in Korematsu

liberty interests in

life and liberty protected by

in Lochner

in Olmstead

in Poe

and right to privacy, 6.1, 6.2, 11.1

and same-sex marriage

and sodomy laws

state power reigned in by incorporation of, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, nts.1

and sterilization of criminals

and teaching of German

eavesdropping, 6.1, nts.1

see also wiretapping

education

Eighth Amendment

cruel and unusual punishment banned by, 1.1, 8.1, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 12.1

and death penalty, 1.1, 9.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, nts.1

elections, U.S.

Ellsworth, Oliver, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

employment

employment property

Enforcement Clause (Thirteenth Amendment), 4.1, 5.1

Stewart’s view of

Enforcement Clause (Fourteenth Amendment)

Enforcement Clause (Fifteenth Amendment), 4.1, 5.1, 12.1

Enforcement Clauses

in Civil Rights Cases, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

discrimination in public accommodations banned by

England, 5.1, 10.1

environmentalism

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Equal Pay Act

Equal Protection Clause, 1.1, 4.1, 11.1

affirmative action and, 5.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3

Equal Protection Clause (continued)

Douglas’s use of

Harlan’s views on

and sterilization of criminals

and right to counsel

same-sex marriage

state power reined in by

Stewart’s view of

in Whitney

equal protection of law

Erdman Act

Espionage Act (1917), 6.1, nts.1

Establishment Clause

Ethics of Government Act (1978)

Eubanks, Robert Royce

European Convention of Human Rights

European Court of Human Rights

European Union Court of Justice

Evans, Evan A.

Evans, Richard

Exchequer

exclusionary rule, 6.1, 9.1, 9.2

executive appointments

executive authority, limits of

executive branch, 1.1, 12.1

Executive Order 9835

Executive Order 10340

executive power

Ex Post Facto Clause

factories

Fair Labor Standards Act (1938)

Fairman, Charles, 8.1, nts.1

family life

farmers

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

Federal Constitutional Court, Germany

federal courts

Federal Election Commission

federal equity receiverships

federalism, 4.1, 6.1, 11.1, 11.2

and death penalty

dual

Federalist, itr.1, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 8.1, 12.1

Federalists, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 12.1, 12.2

Federal Loyalty Security Program

Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure

Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure

Federal Trade Commission, 6.1, 6.2

Fehrenbacher, Don

Feldman, Noah, 8.1, 9.1

Ferdinand II of Aragon

Ferren, John

Field, Frank

Field, Stephen, 4.1, 7.1

background of

Bradley’s agreements with

on citizenship, 4.1, 4.2

on courts as “censor,”

dissent in Powell v. Pennsylvania

Harlan’s disputes with, 5.1, 5.2

ICC opposed by

on “inalienable rights,”

and income tax, 5.1, 5.2

limited nature of police power, 5.1, 5.2

Munn decision of

in Slaughterhouse Cases

Privileges or Immunities Clause interpreted by, 4.1, 4.2

on property rights

on sixty-hour workweek

Slaughterhouse dissent of, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 12.1, 12.2

substantive due process notion of, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1

Fifteenth Amendment, 4.1, 9.1, 9.2

Fifth Amendment, 1.1, 5.1, 6.1, 9.1, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 11.2

in Dred Scott

incorporation of

in Olmstead

property protected by

right of privacy in

Fifth Circuit, Court of Appeals for

Fillmore, Millard

First Amendment, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 8.1, 8.2, nts.1

Black’s interpretation of, 8.1, 9.1

and campaign finance

Cardozo on importance of

incorporation of

as not applying to states

and religious freedom

see also free speech

Fitzmaurice, Gerald

flag salute, 8.1, 8.2, 11.1

Florida

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court

foreign languages, 6.1, nts.1

foreign tribunals, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3

Forsythe, William H., Jr.

Fortas, Abe

Forte, David

Fort Sumter

Foster, William Z., 9.1

Four Freedoms

Four Horsemen, 1.1, 7.1

Fourteenth Amendment, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 10.1, 11.1, nts.1

“abstract or doctrinaire” interpretation of

affirmative action and, 11.1, 11.2

Amendment 2 as violation of

in Bartemeyer v. Iowa

citizenship defined by

in Civil Rights Cases, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

commercial relations and

corporations considered as people by, 4.1, 5.1

cruel and unusual punishment banned by, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 12.1

and death penalty, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7

Field’s and Bradley’s agreement on

Harlan’s views on, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6

Holmes’s view of, 5.1, 5.2

liberty of contract and

limitations of

in Munn v. Illinois

in Plessy v. Ferguson

and religious freedom

right to counsel in, 9.1, 9.2

right to privacy in, 5.1, 8.1, 11.1, 11.2

in Slaughterhouse Cases, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7

social rights and

Fourth Amendment, 1.1, 6.1, 9.1, 10.1

incorporation of, 9.1, 9.2

in Olmstead, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5

administrative law taught by

right of privacy in

and search and seizure, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 9.1, nts.1, nts.2

Fourth Circuit

France, 10.1, 10.2, nts.1

Francis, Willie, 9.1, 9.2, nts.1

Frank, Jerome

Frank, John P.

Frankfurter, Felix, 1.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 9.1, 11.1, nts.1, nts.2

Black’s agreements with

chaos on Court caused by

on civil searches

clerks of, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1

Fourth Amendment praised by

concurrences of

condescending tone of, 8.1, 8.2

in Court feud

dissent in case of contempt charges for lawyers of Communists, 9.1, nts.1

dissenting strategy of, 1.1, 1.2

Frankfurter, Felix (continued)

on due process, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4

on eavesdropping

on exclusionary rule not applying to states, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

on First Amendment

in flag salute case, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4

on freedom of contract

Harlan dismissed by

in Hirabayashi case

as Holmes’s disciple

Holmes’s Lochner dissent cited by

In re Yamashita, 8.1, 8.2

judicial restraint preached by, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4

in Korematsu case

majority opinions of

opinion in death penalty cases of, 9.1, 11.1

Palko concurrence of, 9.1, 9.2

philosophy of, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2

in picketing case

Poe decision of, 11.1, 11.2

reapportionment case dissent of

retirement of, 1.1, 9.1, 11.1, 11.2

on right to counsel, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

and Roberts’s departure from Court

Rochin v. California concurrence of

Sacco and Vanzetti trial criticized by

as “scorpion,”

selective incorporation and, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

and steel seizure case, 8.1, 8.2

steel seizure case concurrence of

limitation of legislation for

vitriolic dissent of

freedmen

in Civil Rights Cases

protection of, ; see also Fifteenth Amendment; Fourteenth Amendment; Thirteenth Amendment

Freedmen’s Bureau

“Freedom of Speech in War Time,”

free labor

free market of ideas, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4

free speech, 1.1, 1.2, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

bad tendency test of, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5

Brandeis and, 1.1, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7

clear and present danger test of, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, 9.10, nts.1

in Communism cases

Holmes on, 1.1, 1.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 12.1

limits of

picketing as, 8.1, 9.1

in war

see also First Amendment

Freund, Paul

Fried, Charles

Friedman, Barry, 1.1, 9.1

Friendly, Henry J., 6.1, 6.2

Fuchs, Klaus

Fugitive Slave Law (1850), 3.1, 3.2

Fuld, Stanley H., 10.1, 10.2

Fuller, Melville, 5.1, 7.1

ICC opposed by

Lochner decision of

manufacturing distinguished from commerce by

Fulton, Robert

Garner, Tyron, 11.1, nts.1

gay marriage, 1.1, 9.1, 12.1

gay rights, 1.1, 5.1

Gellhorn, Walter

gender discrimination, 1.1, 11.1

gene patenting

General Electric Company

Geneva Conventions, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4

Georgia, 2.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3

German Constitutional Court

Germanic procedures

Germantown

Germany, 8.1, 9.1, 10.1, 10.2

gerrymandering, 5.1, 9.1

Gideon, Clarence Earl, 9.1, 9.2

Gilbert, Joseph

Gilded Age

Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, fm.1, 11.1, 12.1

affirmative action supported by

Amendment 2 struck down by

on Brandeis’s dissent

on civil law countries

at Conseil d’État

on dissents

Equal Pay Act clarified by

NFIB v. Sebelius dissent of, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, nts.1

in physician-assisted suicide

on responses to dissent

on Roe decision

and same-sex marriage cert petition

on separate opinions

separate opinions by

in sodomy case

Supreme Court criticized by

Girouard, James

Gitlow, Benjamin, 6.1, 6.2

Gladstone, William

Goldberg, Arthur, 5.1, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1

Griswold decision of

on threat of separate opinions

value of death penalty questioned by, 11.1, 11.2

Gold Clause Cases

Goldfarb, Leon

Goodyear

government, branches of, debates over power of

governmental surveillance

Graham, Billy

grand jury indictment

Grangers, 4.1, 4.2

Grant, Ulysses

grant of certificate of probable cause

Gray, Horace

Great Britain, 10.1, nts.1

seriatim in

Great Depression, 7.1, 12.1

Great Northern rail lines

Greece

Greece, N.Y.

Greeley, Horace

Grier, Robert, 3.1, 3.2, nts.1

Grimm, Dieter, 10.1, 10.2

Guantánamo Naval Base, 1.1, 5.1, 8.1, nts.1

guns

habeas corpus, 1.1, 1.2, 8.1, 8.2

Hague

Haiti

Hamilton, Alexander, itr.1, 2.1, 8.1, 12.1

Hand, Learned, 1.1, nts.1, nts.2

Brandeis’s influence on

on clear and present danger test, 9.1, 9.2

on direct incitement

on failure to secure unanimity

Lochner decision interpreted by

on statutes viewed in context

Handler, Milton

Hardwick, Michael, 11.1, 11.2

Harlan, John Marshall, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1, 11.1, nts.1, nts.2

Adair decision of

background of, 5.1, 5.2

in Brown

Civil Rights Cases dissent of, 1.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 12.1

commerce power interpreted by, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

dissents of, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9

on exclusionary rule

Field’s dispute with, 5.1, 5.2

Harlan, John Marshall (continued)

Field’s interpretation of Privileges or Immunities Clause agreed to by

Fourteenth Amendment interpreted by, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, nts.1

as Great Dissenter

ICC dissent of

incorporation suggested by, 5.1, 6.1, nts.1

Lochner dissent of, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1

physical appearance of

Plessy dissent of, 1.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

postwar amendments and, 5.1, 5.2, 11.1

quoted in resegregation cases

regulations ended by

slavery given up by, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

substantive due process and

Thirteenth Amendment interpreted by

Harlan, John Marshall, II

background of

on death penalty reviews

on due process, 11.1, 11.2

First Amendment opinion of

on judicial restraint

reapportionment case dissent of

Poe v. Ullman dissent of, 1.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4

on right to privacy, 6.1, 11.1

on segregation in private businesses

unpublished opinions of

Harrell, Glenn T., Jr.

Harriman, E. H.

Harrison, George

Hart, H. L. A.

Harvard Law Review, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 8.1

Hassell, Leroy Rountree, Sr., 10.1, 10.2

Hayes, Rutherford

health, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 11.1

health insurance

Henry, Patrick

Henry II, King of England

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr., 1.1, 1.2, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 9.1, 10.1, nts.1

Abrams dissent of, 6.1, 9.1, 10.1, 12.1

Adair dissent of

books on

Brandeis’s relationship with, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4

clerks of

conservatism of

dissenting strategy of, 1.1, 6.1

dissents of, 1.1, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 10.1, 12.1, nts.1, nts.2

Fourteenth Amendment viewed by, 5.1, 5.2

Frankfurter’s citation of

on free speech, 1.1, 1.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 12.1, nts.1

Hammer dissent of

on immigration rights

incorporation disliked by

judicial restraint preached by, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 8.1, 9.1

legal classicism fought by

on liberty of contract

Lochner dissent of, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 11.1

majority opinions of

on marketplace of ideas, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3