“hardening” of, 522–23
interservice rivalry and, 283–84
range of, 283–84
satellites and, 429
warheads for, 342–43
Ichiang island, 231
IL-28 bombers, 313
Imperial Presidency, The (Schlesinger), 619
Inaugural Address (1957), 376
Inauguration (1953), 36–43
Presidential Address at, 36–38, 41–43
Inauguration Day (1961), 616
India, 98, 379–80, 534–35, 552–53
Indochina, 201–2
domino theory in, 180
see also Geneva conference on Indochina; Vietnam War, French
integration:
civil-rights bill and, 304, 307–8, 326–27, 406–13
as “Communist plot,” 307
Eisenhower on, 303–9, 327–28, 336–338, 406–13, 422–23
federal enforcement of, 336–38, 407, 409–23
of Little Rock schools, 414–26
school construction bill and, 303, 336
see also civil rights; school segregation cases; segregation
International Atomic Energy Agency, 148–49
Interstate Highway System, 250–51, 295, 299, 301, 326, 527–28, 547–58
advertising along, 391–92
cities and, 547–48
economy and, 250–51
financing of, 251, 301, 527–28
White House study of, 547
new oil deal of, 129–30
U.S. aid to, 130
IRBMs (intermediate range ballistic missiles), 284, 447, 495, 533
Israel, 315–16
Arab nationalism and, 463, 474
Egypt attacked by, 357–70
financial aid loss as threat to, 386–387
France and, 356
Gaza withdrawal and, 385–88
raiding parties from, 352–54
Suez crisis and, 333, 351–54, 356–70
U.S. mediation attempted with, 316–17
Jackson, C. D., 25, 58, 77, 93, 113, 203–4, 537, 611
“Atoms for Peace” speech and, 147
Berlin crisis and, 516–18
on de Gaulle, 478–79
disarmament plan of, 153
on Eisenhower as politician, 154
Hungarian crisis and, 372
J. F. Dulles and, 444
on McCarthy, 140–41
MIG “reward” offer of, 112–13
Operation Candor and, 132–34
on Rosenbergs, 84
on “undesirables” in government, 136
world economic plan of, 204
Jackson, Henry, 314
Japan, 585
Bravo H-bomb test and, 168–69
Communist China and, 201–2
education in, 460
Eisenhower’s visit and, 581–82
imports from, 201
U.S. forces in, 394–95
U.S. mutual defense treaty with, 582
Jewish community, 352–53, 385–87
Johnson, Andrew, 294
Johnson, Clarence (Kelly), 227–28
Johnson, Lyndon B., 43, 67, 106, 239, 388, 611
civil rights and, 499
on civil-rights bill, 406–8, 413
Eisenhower and, 597, 649–50, 655–665
as Eisenhower’s ally, 489
on Eisenhower’s personal diplomacy, 582
Israel-Gaza situation and, 387
Little Rock situation and, 420
missile program and, 430
in 1960 election, 596–603
on Nixon, 666–67
Presidency sought by, 546–47
as President, 648–50, 655–66, 670–671
Strauss’s confirmation rejected by, 530–31
on Suez crisis, 333
Vietnam War and, 655–65
Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 86, 105, 123, 284, 495
Berlin crisis and, 502–4, 515–17, 519–20
on British military capability, 478
B-70 bomber and, 550
Cold War and, 226
defense spending cuts and, 144, 455, 560–61
on force reductions, 278, 394, 515–516
Formosa Straits crisis and, 213, 232, 483–84
French Vietnam War and, 205–6
interservice rivalry and, 428–29
on New Look, 225–26
1955 budget and, 223–24
1958 budget and, 389
1960 budget and, 495–96
nuclear war plan of, 564
strategic concepts re-examined by, 120–21
U-2 flights and, 515
Vietnam War and, 659–61
Wilson’s lack of control over, 223
Jones, Pete, 28, 109, 198, 366, 604, 610, 646
Judd, Walter, 443
Justice Department, U.S.:
Civil Rights Division in, 413, 498–499
oil imports and, 446
Kadar, Janos, 367
Kasavubu, Joseph, 586
Katanga, 586–87
Kefauver, Estes, 253, 281–82, 325, 347
Kempton, Murray, 619
Kennan, George, 114
Algeria and, 378
Bay of Pigs invasion and, 623, 637—640
Cuban missile crisis and, 641–43
Eisenhower on, 597
Eisenhower courted by, 637
Eisenhower’s preinaugural meetings with, 606–8, 614–16
Eisenhower’s support of, 641–42
federal budget under, 605–6, 632
missile gap and, 559
in 1960 election, 596–603
press and, 606
space race and, 640–41
test ban and, 563
transition from Eisenhower to, 605–8, 614
Kennedy, Robert F., 62, 660, 665
Key West, 287–88
Khrushchev, Nikita, 248, 427, 447
atmospheric test ban and, 523, 541
Berlin crisis and, 502–4, 517, 519–521, 524, 543–44
on clean bomb, 403
Congo and, 586–88
Cuban missile crisis and, 642–43
de Gaulle and, 577–79
disarmament urged by, 542–43
Eisenhower on visit of, 535–37
Eisenhower’s test-ban letter to, 453
Eisenhower’s visit canceled by, 577, 579
European troop withdrawal and, 402
at Geneva summit, 262–66
on German unification, 263
IRBMs and, 533
Lebanon and, 473–74
Nixon’s kitchen debate with, 534, 536
Open Skies rejected by, 265
Paris summit and, 534–37, 544, 570, 576–79
on Powers’ U-2 flight, 572–79
Stalin denounced by, 328
test-ban negotiations accepted by, 480
unilateral nuclear test halt announced by, 451–52
on U.S. homes and cars, 542–43
U.S. RB-47 plane and, 584–86
U.S. visited by, 541–4
Killian, James R., 227–28, 431, 454, 457–59, 493, 541
ABMs and, 522
on test ban, 452–53, 477, 491–92, 522–23
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 307, 387, 412
Kissinger, Henry, 480
Kistiakowsky, George, 491–92, 560, 562–63, 572, 579
JCS war plan and, 564
Kennedy and, 597
test ban and, 564–68
on underground tests, 541
on U-2 flights, 580
Knighton, William, 559–60, 614
Knowland, William, 55, 100, 105, 207, 209, 220, 343, 468, 481, 488
Army-McCarthy hearings and, 163
China blockade urged by, 214, 216, 226
civil-rights bill and, 408
Eisenhower on, 164
on executive privilege, 187
foreign aid and, 118–19
on Formosa Straits crisis, 240
health insurance and, 199
Israel-Gaza situation and, 387
on natural-gas deregulation veto, 302–3
1958 budget and, 390–91
as possible presidential candidate, 282, 289
on satellites, 456–57
as Senate majority leader, 118
Suez crisis and, 361
Korea, South, 581–82
ground troops withdrawn from, 143–45
conclusions of, 31
Korean War, 97–107
armistice agreement in, 106, 213–214
armistice talks in, 97–99, 101–2
atomic weapons considered for, 34–35, 51–52
defense spending cuts and, 71
Indian settlement proposal for, 98
on-site inspection in, 257
Operation Little Switch in, 97, 101
pre-truce hostilities in, 105
taxes and, 85
U.S. support increased in, 47
Kozlov, Frol, 535
Krock, Arthur, 567
labor unions, 116–17, 200, 512–13
Lansdale, Edward, 214–15
Larson, Arthur, 319–20, 323, 366, 488, 663, 667
Latin America, 504
Communism in, 555–56
Eisenhower’s trip to, 557–58
Lausche, Frank, 294
Lawrence, David, 281–82
Lawrence, Ernest, 399–400, 403, 432
crises in, 464–66
U.S. intervention in, 464–66, 469–475
Lehman, Herbert, 234
Lemnitzer, Lyman, 608
Lincoln, Abraham, 291
Lisagor, Peter, 405, 519, 537, 599
Little Rock, Ark., school integration in, 414–26
lobbyists, Eisenhower on, 114–15
Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr., 22, 39, 79–80, 192, 221, 470, 645
Congo and, 587
Guatemala and, 195
Hungarian crisis and, 371–72
Israeli withdrawal from Gaza and, 386–88
Khrushchev’s visit and, 542–43
Korean settlement and, 102
Lebanon and, 470–73
on 1953 Inaugural Address, 38
as possible presidential candidate, 289, 645, 651
RB-47 plane and, 586
Saud’s visit and, 384
second term dinner and, 288–90
Suez crisis and, 351, 359, 361–62
London disarmament talks, 401–4
talking paper for, 402–3
Lourie, Donald B., 64
Luce, Henry, 233, 591, 611, 622–23
Lucy, Autherine, 306–8
Lumumba, Patrice, 586–89
Eisenhower and, 588–89
MacArthur, Douglas, 31–32, 34–35, 98, 102
McCarran-Walter immigration bill, 115–16
McCarthy, Eugene, 665
McCarthy, Joseph, 14, 48, 55–66, 106, 202
Army hearings and, 163–68, 170–71, 186–89
Bundle and, 80–81
on bureaucratic cutbacks, 136
censure of, 219–20
Eisenhower and, 55–63, 80–83, 121–122, 140, 160–68, 204, 220–22, 619–20, 634
Oppenheimer and, 141, 166–67, 187
Peress case and, 161–63, 186–87
as preeminent anti-Communist, 55, 61–62
press coverage of, 160–61, 167–68, 170–71
on Rhee, 104
Senate votes controlled by, 55–61
Smith appointment and, 56–59
on Truman, 140
McCarthyism:
accusations by ex-Communists in, 136–39
bookburning in, 82–83
Eisenhower on, 82, 136, 162–68
Rosenbergs and, 83–84
Truman on, 139
McClendon, Sarah, 599–600
McCloy, John J., 113, 453, 476
McCone, John, 477, 479, 493, 561–63, 590, 641–43
test ban and, 477, 479–80, 492, 541, 564–67
on British military capability, 478
B-70 bomber and, 550
Eisenhower on discipline to, 475–476
Formosa Straits crisis and, 485
IRBM deployment and, 533
nuclear weapon quantities and, 493
retaliatory capacity and, 495
U-2 flights and, 513–15
McLeod, Scott, 64
McMahon Act (1946), 145–46, 478
Macmillan, Harold, 372, 489, 641
disarmament and, 569–70
Eisenhower’s meeting with, 538, 540
IRBMs and, 405
J. F. Dulles and, 524
Khrushchev at U.S. and, 590
Lebanon and, 471–73
Paris summit and, 524, 526, 533, 537, 544, 577–79
test ban and, 403, 478, 538, 565–67
McNamara, Robert, 656–58
Malaya, 100
Mandate for Change (Eisenhower), 634–35
Mann, Woodrow Wilson, 419
Marine Corps, U.S., Eisenhower on, 456
Markel, Hazel, 430
Marshall, George, 14, 25, 202, 222–223, 237
Martin, Charles, 313
Martin, Jack, 141
Martin, Joseph W., 106, 232, 412–13
Matsu, 212, 231–45, 482–85, 582
Meany, George, 249
Meir, Golda, 388
Mellon, Richard, 113
Mendès-France, Pierre, 207–8
Menshikov, Mikhail, 570
Mercury Project, 591–92
Mexico, 477
Anderson as mediator in, 316–17
arms race in, 463
Eisenhower Doctrine for, 381–83, 397
Soviet influence in, 315–18, 333, 362–63, 473
Tripartite Declaration on, 315–16, 351–52
U-2 flights over, 341, 351, 353, 356, 367–68
see also Suez Canal; Suez crisis
military-industrial complex, Eisenhower’s warning on, 612–14, 632
Miller, Clyde, 84
Miller, William, 152
Millikin, Gene, 155–56, 182, 220
Eisenhower on, 313, 397, 487, 561–563
U-2 flights and, 514–15, 563, 572
missile programs, 427–30, 456–59
as bargaining chips, 533
buildup proposed for, 567–68
Eisenhower on, 457
moon as destination for, 457
spending on, 342–43
see also ICBMs; IRBMs; specific missiles
Mitchell, James P., 118
Moaney, John, 16, 75, 139, 611, 629, 646
Mobutu, Joseph, 588
Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, 110–12, 129
Mohr, Charles, 600
Molotov, Vyacheslav, 261–62, 266
Montgomery, Ala., bus boycott in, 307
Montgomery, Bernard Law, 17, 119—120
at Augusta, 228
Eisenhower on, 499–502, 540–41
at Gettysburg, 392–93
Moos, Malcolm, 611–12
Morrow, Fredric, 304–5
Mossadegh, Mohammed, 109–12, 129–30
motion-picture industry, 114–15
Murphy, George, 42
Geneva summit invitation and, 535
Suez nationalization and, 330–31
Muskie, Edmund, 530
Mutual Security appropriation, 650
NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People), 412, 422–23
Nagy, Imre, 354–55, 363, 367, 371
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 315–18, 323, 328–34, 350–54
Anglo-French invasion and, 362
Aswan Dam and, 318, 323, 329–30
Lebanon and, 465–66
Pan-Arab movement and, 317, 383–84, 462–63, 469
Suez Canal nationalized by, 330–334, 338–40
Suez conference rejected by, 332
Suez internationalization rejected by, 338
U.S.-Lebanese intervention and, 472
U.S. opposition to, 333–34, 351, 462–63
Nation, 452
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 458–59, 573
National Committee for a Free Asia, 112–13
National Committee for a Free Europe, 113
National Defense Act (1947), 25
National Defense Education Act (1958), 459–60
National Goals Commission, 616
nationalism, Eisenhower on, 378
National Press Club, 500
national security, 433–35
federal bureaucracy and, 45–48
National Security Council (NSC), 25, 68, 86, 105, 469–70
atomic information exchanges and, 145–46
Cold War and, 226
Congo and, 587
Cuba and, 505–7
defense spending and, 454–55
Eisenhower’s heart attack and, 272–73, 275, 279
5412 Committee of, 506–7
French Vietnam War and, 205–6
Hungarian crisis and, 363
ICBMs and, 283–84
151/1 document of, 145–46
Planning Board of, 25
Quemoy and Matsu discussed in, 238–39
relocation exercise of, 571–72
science-government relationship and, 400
Suez crisis and, 363–64
natural-gas deregulation, 299, 301–3
Eisenhower’s veto of, 302–3
Navy, U.S.:
desegregation of, 126
Seventh Fleet of, 47, 49, 212, 233
Sixth Fleet of, 464–65, 470, 551
Soviet-downed patrol planes of, 249, 584–86
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 98, 253, 383, 552–53
Netherlands, Iran and, 129
New Look, 171–72, 174, 224–26, 234, 238
JCS on, 225–26
Newport, R.I., 413–20
New Republic, 24
New Yorker, 273
New York Times, 162, 194, 349, 442–443, 563, 565–66, 615, 651
on Eisenhower’s books, 634–35
Khrushchev’s anti-Stalin speech and, 328
Powers’ U-2 flight and, 574–76
Nicaragua, 193
Nixon, Richard M., 20, 221, 297, 395, 591, 644, 649
on Bricker Amendment, 155
on bureaucratic security, 46
Cabinet post offered to, 285, 292–293, 297, 321
in CIA-McCarthy dispute, 121
and Communist Chinese seat on U.N. Security Council, 99
Cuba and, 583
Eisenhower on, 254, 297–98, 319, 321, 325–26, 366, 512–13, 545–46, 559–60, 593, 599–601, 645–46, 666–68, 671–73
Eisenhower’s heart attack and, 272–73, 275
as Eisenhower’s 1956 running mate, 285, 292–99, 319–26, 335
Eisenhower’s stroke and, 437–40
as Eisenhower’s successor, 254, 440, 512–13, 545–46, 559–60, 593
on French Vietnam War, 180–81, 184
highway program introduced by, 251
Hungarian refugees and, 375
immaturity of, 320
Lebanon and, 470
memoirs of, 602
NASA and, 458
on 1953 State of the Union speech, 46
in 1954 election, 218–19
in 1956 election, 273, 276–77, 281, 289, 322–23, 347, 350
1960 campaign planned by, 489, 599
1964 election and, 645–66
in 1968 election, 666–68, 671–73
Oppenheimer case and, 167
partisanship of, 202, 319–20, 594
in polls, 322–23
power base of, 324
at preinaugural cabinet meeting, 38
Rockefeller and, 545–46, 597, 599
on school construction, 252
second term dinner and, 288–90
on Stassen’s opposition, 323–24
on Stevenson, 350
on Taft-Hartley revision, 117
tape-recorded conversations with, 202–3
on “undesirables” in government, 136
in Venezuela, 464
as Vice President, 292
Vietnam War and, 662
see also election of 1960
Nixon, Thelma Catherine (Pat), 602, 673
Nixon, Tricia, 673
Nixon Agonistes (Wills), 619
Norstad, Lauris, 539
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 14, 33, 143–44, 373, 447, 502
Berlin crisis and, 503–4
Eisenhower on U.S.-British collusion in, 538–39
Formosa Straits crisis and, 484
German rearmament and, 119–20, 215–17, 503, 538
Germany in, 215–17, 263–64, 276, 538
Powers’ U-2 flight and, 577
SEATO and, 183
U.S. contribution to, 551
nuclear war:
de Gaulle on, 552
fallout shelters and, 434–35
Geneva summit discussions of, 262–266
JCS plan for, 564
nuclear weapons, 658, 660, 663
delivery systems for, 427, 429, 550–551
in Europe, 405–6
Gaither Report on, 434–35
international control of, 284
quantities of, 405–6, 432–33, 493–494, 590
test ban proposed for, 342–44, 347–50
see also atomic weapons; fallout;
hydrogen bombs; test ban;
specific tests
O’Daniel, John, 175
Odium, Floyd, 647
oil import policy, 446–47
oil industry:
natural-gas deregulation bill and, 301–3
Suez crisis and, 371–73
Old Guard (Republicans), 60, 76, 619–20
Asia-first attitude in, 144
Cold War and, 226
Communist embargo pushed by, 62–63, 202
foreign aid and, 118–19
on French Vietnam War agreement, 209
Geneva summit and, 260
health care and, 199
immigration and, 116
Korean settlement and, 99–100
land purchases and, 278
1953 State of the Union speech and, 47–48
1954 elections and, 218–19
Nixon supported by, 324
RTAA and, 156
Third World and, 377
Yalta rejected by, 65–67
O’Mahoney, Joseph, 408
Open Skies proposal, 257–59, 267, 311
at Geneva summit, 264–65
origins of, 258
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 131–32, 141–142, 166–67
accusations of Communism against, 141–42, 166–67, 170, 187–89
Organization of American States (OAS), 193, 555–56, 583, 615
overpopulation, 665–66
Pakistan, 209–10
Paley, Bill, 652
Palm Desert, Calif., 632, 639, 644, 653
Panama, Eisenhower’s trip to, 322–23, 334–35
Panama Canal, 332
Papers of Dwight David Eisenhower, The, 653–54
Paris summit (1960), 552, 569–70, 577–579
Berlin crisis and, 504, 524, 570
Eisenhower on, 504, 521, 524, 526, 534–37, 544
Powers’ U-2 flight and, 576
preparation for, 569–70
Patton, George Smith, 298–99
Paul, Willard S., 558–59
Pauling, Linus, 398–99
Pbsuccess Operation, 192–97
peace, Eisenhower on, 91–92, 94–95, 229–30, 255, 513, 541, 613, 620–21
Pearson, Drew, 439
Pearson, Lester, 365
Peress, Irving, 161–63, 186–87
Persons, Jerry, 25, 45, 470, 547
civil-rights bill and, 327
Cuba and, 608
East European liberation and, 328
Eisenhower-Kennedy meeting and, 614–15
Eisenhower’s health and, 275, 335, 438–39
McCarthy and, 58–59
on missile program, 430
Nixon vice-presidential candidacy and, 321
southern Democrats and, 389
Pescadores islands, 231–35
Philippines, 100, 209–10, 581–82
Plessy v. Ferguson, 125–26, 143, 190, 306–7, 408–9
Pleven, René, 176
Plowshare program, 565, 568, 591
Plumbob Operation, 397–99, 426
Poland, 354
Polaris submarines, 495
politicians:
Eisenhower on, 254
test ban and, 567
Post Office, U.S., 116
Powell, Adam Clayton, 303
Powers, Francis Gary, 569, 571–79, 621
presidential appointments, 39
security and, 45–46
two-thirds Senate vote proposed for, 548
President’s Science Advisory Committee (PSAC), 431
B-70 bombers and, 550
security leaks and, 514
on test ban, 452–53
on underground tests, 492
press:
criticism by, 55
Eisenhower on, 161
Eisenhower’s cultivation of, 53–54
Kennedy and, 606
McCarthy and, 160–61, 167–68, 170–171
Sputnik in, 429–30
White case in, 138
press conferences, 52–54
Berlin crisis and, 518–19
briefings for, 345
Eisenhower’s final, 613–14
messages to Congress in, 54–55
Nixon discussed as Eisenhower’s running mate at, 297–98, 321, 325–26
re-election discussed at, 293, 296–97
Prettyman, Virgil, 291
price and wage controls, 33, 47, 51–52
price supports, 159–60, 299–301
Quarles, Donald, 396, 402, 428, 449, 457, 475, 495
ABMs and, 493
on IRBMs for British, 405
U-2 flights and, 513–14
Quemoy, 212, 231–45, 482–85, 582
Rabb, Maxwell, 80–81, 126, 305
Rabi, Isidor, 344, 421–32, 452
Radford, Arthur, 30, 33, 90, 538
atomic energy policy and, 133–34
atomic weapon deployment and, 259
CIA and, 395
Formosa Straits crisis and, 213, 235, 239, 242–44
Geneva summit and, 261
Middle East and, 317–18
on Soviet reliability, 402
on trade with Communist China, 284
Vietnam involvement and, 177, 181
Radio Free Europe, 113, 355, 367
Randall, Clarence, 79
Randall Commission, 155–56
Randolph, A. Philip, 412
Rayburn, Sam, 388, 471, 546–47, 611
civil-rights bill and, 413
dependent tax cut and, 252–53
Eisenhower Doctrine and, 382–83
as Eisenhower’s ally, 489
Formosa Straits crisis and, 232, 241
RB-47 patrol plane incident, 584–86
reactionaries, 199
Reagan, Ronald, 667
recessions:
of 1954, 158–59
of 1958, 460
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act (RTAA), 48, 78–79, 155–56, 252
Redstone rocket, 427–29
Redwing Operation, 342–43
regulatory commissions, 199
religion, Eisenhower on, 38
Republican Citizens, 644–45
Republican Looks at His Party, A (Larson), 390–91
Republican National Committee, 334–35
Republicans, Republican Party, 201, 345
Congress controlled by, 218
Democrats on split within, 487–88
Eisenhower and, 55–60, 152–53, 156, 619–20
Eisenhower as elder statesman in, 643–46, 650–53
Eisenhower’s fund-raising for, 643–644
European policy of, 49–50
federal bureaucracy and, 45–46
health care and, 157
McCarthy’s revolt and, 220–22
1954 elections and, 218–19
1956 convention of, 296–97
1956 platform of, 327–28
1958 budget and, 390–91
1958 farm bill and, 460–61
1964 convention of, 619–20
patronage and, 151–52
political rhetoric of, 202
reform of, 76, 220–22, 390–91, 653
struggle in, after Eisenhower’s heart attack, 272–73
Vietnam War and, 173
on Yalta agreements, 54
see also Old Guard
Reston, James, 63, 140, 208, 257, 273, 325, 398, 407, 442, 459, 524, 566, 634
on Powers’ U-2 flight, 574–76
American aid sought by, 106
cooperation pledged by, 105
Eisenhower’s warning to, 103–5
POWs released by, 101–2
on proposed armistice, 97–99, 101–2
Richards, Robert, 179–80
Richardson, Sid, 109, 122, 303, 446
Ridder, Walter, 489
Ridgway, Matthew, 171–72, 223–24, 234, 274
Rivers and Harbors Bill, 460
Roberts, Chalmers, 518
Roberts, Cliff, 28, 73–74, 139, 220, 325, 481
Robertson, Walter, 103–5, 243–44
Robinson, Bill, 28, 57, 73–74, 153, 160–61, 203, 366, 546
on David Eisenhower, 140
Eisenhower’s heart attack and, 271–272
at Key West, 287
1960 election and, 596–97
on Wilson’s conflict of interest, 40–41
Robinson, Jackie, 412
Rockefeller, Nelson, 258–59, 264, 457, 488, 563, 591, 645, 666
on defense spending, 595
1960 campaign and, 545–46, 559
Nixon joint statement with, 597, 599
Rockefeller, Winthrop, 415
Rogers, William, 221, 327, 499, 673
Romney, George, 666
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 19, 25, 218, 295, 503
Roosevelt, Kermit (Kim), 110–12, 129
Rosenberg, Julius and Ethel, 65, 83–85
Russell, Richard, 383, 388, 407, 499, 517
Eisenhower’s meeting with, 408–9
Little Rock situation and, 421–22
Russia, see Soviet Union
Saltonstall, Leverett, 175, 220, 233–34, 456
see also Sputnik
Saturday Evening Post, 611, 647
Saud, king of Saudi Arabia, 317–18, 328–29, 351, 383–85, 462, 472
Eisenhower Doctrine and, 385
U.S. troops requested by, 469
U.S. visited by, 383–85
Saudi Arabia, 317–18, 328–29, 383–85
UAR and, 462
U.S. Dhahran base in, 384–85
Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., 188, 619
school construction, 251–52, 299, 303, 335–36
school lunch program, 336
school segregation cases, 124–26, 142–143, 189–92, 303–7, 327–28, 336–338, 408
scientists, sciences, 400–401, 430–432, 613
Scranton, William, 645, 651–53
segregation, 294
Eisenhower on, 125–27, 142–43, 190–92
in schools, 124–26, 142–43, 189–92, 336–38, 408, 414–22
Senate, U.S.:
appointees and, 548
Appropriations Committee of, 99
Armed Services Committee of, 40
Foreign Relations Committee of, 64, 67, 80
Formosa Straits resolution and, 234
Government Operations Committee of, 61
Government Operations Select Committee (Church Committee) of, 588–89
Judiciary Committee of, 327
separate but equal doctrine, 125–26, 143, 189–90
Shanley, Bernard, 25, 60, 117–18, 122
Shivers, Allan, 337
Shutt, Charles, 562
sixties decade, Eisenhower on, 665–66
Slater, Ellis, 28, 73–74, 94, 96, 161, 303, 468, 485–86, 498, 639, 644, 653
on Churchill, 501
on Eisenhower-Humphrey relationship, 385–86
on Eisenhower’s bridge-playing, 417
on Eisenhower’s equanimity, 366
Eisenhower’s health and, 279–80, 441, 474, 646
Eisenhower’s retirement and, 529–530
Eisenhower’s second term and, 280–281, 287
J. F. Dulles and, 444
at Key West, 287
1960 election and, 597, 604, 668
Slater, Priscilla, 94, 139–40, 198, 280
Sloan, George, 78–79
Smith, H. Alexander, 333–34, 381
Smith, Merriman, 82, 104, 169, 219, 325, 410, 429, 489, 518, 561, 617
Smith, Walter B. (Beetle), 20, 113, 211, 217, 453
atomic energy policy and, 133–34
French Vietnam War and, 174, 181, 204–9
Guatemala and, 192
Iran and, 111
McCarthy opposition to, 56–59
Snyder, Howard, 26, 75, 95–96, 221, 474, 529, 602
on annoyances to Eisenhower, 288
Eisenhower’s heart attack and, 271–272
on Eisenhower’s second term, 281
Eisenhower’s stroke and, 436–37
Social Security, 48, 115, 158, 160
Soil Bank, 277–78, 283, 295, 299–301, 392, 496, 620
price supports and, 299–301
soil conservation, 277–78, 283, 299–301
Somoza, Anastasio, 195
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), 183–84, 196–97, 204–5, 209–10, 614–15
“Atoms for Peace” speech and, 149–150, 153
Austrian peace treaty and, 248–49
Berlin and, 502–4
bomber and missile production of, 314, 456
CIA and, 285–86
Congo and, 587–88
Cuba and, 582–84
economic competition from, 283
Eisenhower’s conciliatory approach toward, 513, 520–21, 532–33
Eisenhower’s mistrust of, 491, 585
European troop withdrawal and, 402
Formosa Straits crisis and, 236
four-power talks sought by, 145, 148
friendship treaty proposed by, 310
Geneva conference and, 179, 181–82
German reunification and, 119–20, 521
Guatemalan aid from, 194
H-bomb tests of, 267, 342–43, 397, 499
Hungarian withdrawal announced by, 360–61
Hungary invaded by, 355–56, 367, 371–73
Iran and, 112
in Middle East, 315–18, 333, 462–463, 473
missile gap and, 312–14, 522–23
on-site inspection of atomic weapons and, 246–47, 257, 452–453, 477–80, 490–94, 521–22, 564–567
peace offensive of, 91–92
Powers’ U-2 flight and, 571–79
proposed student exchange with, 445–46
as source of Communist rebellions, 100
Suez crisis and, 360, 367–70, 373
targets in, 493–94
test ban and, 267, 343–44, 349–50, 401–4, 447–54, 564
unilateral nuclear test half of, 451–452
USAF “weather balloons” and, 309–310, 476
U.S. commercial flights to and from, 276
U.S. patrol planes shot down by, 249, 584–86
U.S. scientists on, 430–31
U.S. trade policy and, 39, 277
U-2 flights and, 227–28, 340–41, 374, 455, 568–69, 571–79
see also Sputnik
Spaatz, Carl (Tooey), 90
space race, 640–41
Sparkman, John, 60
Spivak, Robert, 62–63, 307, 614
Sputnik, 423–26
Eisenhower on, 430
nuclear weapon delivery systems and, 427
Stans, Maurice, 547
arms control and, 246, 311, 402–4
on Communist Chinese trade, 63
EDC and, 49–50
EEC opposed by, 404
on Eisenhower’s candidacy, 322
Herter supported by, 323–25
on Indochina, 184
J. F. Dulles conflict with, 401
leave of absence of, 323
at London disarmament talks, 401–404
on Nixon’s vice-presidential candidacy, 322–25, 335
postwar Korean aid and, 107–8
resignation of, 447–18
test-ban issue and, 344, 401–4, 447
State Department, U.S.:
Air Force “weather balloons” and, 310
“Communists” purged from, 64–65
Egyptian arms deal and, 315
Eisenhower and, 507–8
Hungarian refugees and, 375
Powers’ U-2 flight and, 574–75
Suez crisis and, 353
test ban and, 541
Vietnam War and, 205
State of the Union messages:
of 1954, 157
of 1956, 406
Stephens, Tom, 25
Stevens, Robert T., 161–63
Stevenson, Adlai, 74, 219, 239, 325
nuclear testing and, 342–43, 347–50
as potential presidential candidate, 281–82, 285
on Republicans, 164
on Suez crisis, 364
Stewart, Potter, 673
Stimson, Henry, 223
stockpiling, 377–78
Strauss, Lewis, 132–34, 345, 405, 480, 543, 553, 616
atomic weapons deployment and, 224–25, 259
Commerce Secretary confirmation hearings of, 530–31
commercial atomic energy and, 310
fallout and, 398–99
H-bomb and, 168–69
on nuclear testing, 342–44, 350, 426–27, 431–32
Operation Teacup and, 245
Oppenheimer and, 142, 166–67, 170
test ban and, 431–32
Suez Canal, 315, 330–34, 338–40, 350–354, 356
Egyptian operation of, 339, 350
international operation of, 333–34
nationalization of, 330–34, 350
Users’ Association proposed for, 339, 350–51
Suez crisis:
Anglo-French withdrawal in, 373
Bulganin’s messages in, 367–68
Eisenhower’s position in, 358–59, 363
London Conference for, 331–34
military action planned for, 331–33, 338–39, 350–54, 356–57
oil supplies and, 358–59, 366–67, 371–73
proposed conference on, 370
U.N. peacekeeping force and, 369–373
U.S. blackout in, 353–54
Sulzberger, Arthur Hays, 406
Sulzberger, Cy, 443
Summerfield, Arthur, 23–24, 136, 288–290
Summersby, Kay, 30
school segregation cases and, 124–126, 142–43, 189–92, 303–7, 327–328, 408
Symington, Stuart, 70, 73, 476, 495, 513, 607
on defense spending, 88–89, 562
missile gap and, 312–14, 397, 430, 477, 514
Taft, Robert, 20, 24, 43, 59, 94, 158
Bohlen’s nomination and, 60
death of, 117–18
on defense spending, 86–88
Eisenhower on, 74
on 1954 budget, 86–87
taxes and, 85–86
Yalta agreement and, 66–67
Taft-Hartley Act, 24, 48, 116–18
tariffs, 48, 78–79, 155–56, 201, 252
Taylor, Maxwell, 107–8, 274, 279, 418–20, 428–29
Teacup Operation, 245–46
Teller, Edward, 399–400, 403, 430, 432, 480, 567–68
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), 116, 160, 201, 253
test ban, 267, 399, 401–4, 477–80, 489–494, 521–23, 538
arguments against, 449–51, 564–65
congressional hearings on, 567
disarmament linked to, 401–2
Eisenhower as loner on, 563
Eisenhower’s treaty proposal on, 564
Geneva talks on, 453–54, 477–78, 489–92, 521–22, 590
inspection system for, 246–47, 257, 452–53, 477–78, 490–94, 521–22, 564–67
negotiations for, 477–80, 489–92, 521–22
in 1956 election, 342–43, 347–50
propaganda and, 447–53, 490, 492
temporary moratorium in, 403–4, 447–52, 565–67
test rush before, 480
underground tests and, 490–92, 522–23, 541, 564–67
U.S. advantage frozen by, 431–32
U.S. agreement to, 479
Thailand, 209–10
Eisenhower’s personal diplomacy and, 383–85, 582
raw materials from, 377
U.S. foreign aid to, 377–81
Thompson, Llewellyn, 544–45
Till, Emmett, 305
Time, 490
Times (London), 52–53
Tito, Marshal (Josip Broz), 380
Tripartite Declaration (1950), 315–16, 351–52
British on, 359–60
Eisenhower’s support of, 358–60
Truman, Harry S, 15, 47, 157, 202, 287, 663–64
A-bomb construction under, 93
on assuming Presidency, 16
ballistic missile program under, 312
defense spending under, 88
on Eisenhower as President, 17–18, 45, 475–76
Eisenhower’s dislike of, 13, 41–42, 636
Eisenhower’s Inauguration and, 41–42
Eisenhower’s working relationship with, 13–14
H. D. White and, 137–40
HUAC subpoena of, 137
on MacArthur, 32
McCarthy and, 140
on McCarthyism, 139
in 1952 election, 14
in off-year elections, 218
power projects under, 201
White House staff under, 25
Truscott, Lucian, 395
Tshombe, Moise, 586
Tully, Andrew, 54
Twining, Nathan, 310, 428–29, 483–484, 571–72
Berlin crisis and, 515–18
B-70 bombers and, 550
disarmament and, 447, 449–51, 477, 492, 522
nuclear weapons and, 432–33
retaliatory capacity and, 495
on SAC capabilities, 495
United Action, 178–83
United Arab Republic (UAR), 462
“Atoms for Peace” speech at, 147–151, 153
Berlin and, 503
disarmament program presented to, 401
Eisenhower’s speeches to, 147–51, 153, 254–55, 589
Hungarian crisis and, 371–72
and Israeli occupation of Gaza, 385–88
Korean War armistice talks and, 213–14
Suez crisis and, 351, 361–65, 369–73
United Nations Security Council, 197, 284
Chinese seat on, 99
Guatemala and, 195–97
RB-47 plane incident and, 586
U-2 reconnaisance airplanes, 227–28, 258, 340–41, 476, 557, 634
Eisenhower’s control of, 340–41, 374, 455–56, 513–15, 568–69, 572–573, 580, 585
in Middle East, 341, 351, 353, 356, 367–68
missile gap and, 514–15, 563, 572
Powers’ flight of, 569, 571–79, 621
Van Fleet, James, 239–40
Vanguard Project, 312–13, 397, 427–428, 456–57
Vaughan, Samuel S., 633–35
Venezuela, 464
Eisenhower and, 655–65
gradualism in, 661–64
nuclear weapons and, 658, 660, 663
protests against, 661–65
Rolling Thunder Operation in, 658
Tet offensive in, 664–65
Tonkin Gulf Resolution and, 656–657
Vietnam War, French, 100–101, 173–185, 204–9
Chinese intervention threatened in, 205–6
Dien Bien Phu in, 176–84
elections promised during, 314–15
Operation Vulture and, 177–79, 181
“United Action” proposed for, 178–183
U.S. aid to French in, 175–85
U.S.-British intervention suggested for, 174
U.S. ground involvement considered in, 174–76, 182, 184–85
see also Geneva conference on Indochina
Vincent, John Carter, 64
Voice of America, 355
McCarthy’s investigation of, 61–62, 81–83
von Fremd, Charles, 239
Waging Peace (Eisenhower), 634–35
Wagner, Robert, 384
Wainwright, Stuyvesant, II, 135
Wallace, Henry, 393
Wall Street Journal, 117
Warren, Earl, 22–23, 143, 190, 252, 616, 625, 673
appointment of, 128–29
Eisenhower on, 190–91, 254, 282, 293–95
as Eisenhower’s possible successor, 254, 282, 293–95
as possible vice-presidential candidate, 293
Washington, George, 455
Eisenhower compared to, 393
on Presidency, 291
Washington Declaration, 316
Watkins, Arthur, 219–20
Weeks, Sinclair, 23, 33, 117, 192, 284, 301
Welch, Joseph, 189
Wenzell, Adolphe H., 253
Westmoreland, William, 592–93, 658–659, 661, 672
Wheaties Operation,see “Atoms for Peace” proposal
Wheeler, Earle G., 656–58
Whigs, Eisenhower and, 250–51
White, Harry Dexter, 137–40
White, Paul Dudley, 271–72
White House staff, 24–26
White House Years, The (Eisenhower), 244, 315, 323, 330, 332, 367, 464, 483, 530, 634–35
omissions from, 633–35
publishing agreement for, 592, 611
tone of, 633–34
writing of, 633–34
Whitman, Ann, 30, 71, 73, 75, 147, 192, 198, 226, 240–41, 366, 430, 435, 466–67, 575, 595, 611, 615
civil rights and, 327, 337, 408, 416, 418, 422
Eisenhower’s complaints to, 259–60, 369, 475, 481, 512
Eisenhower’s crisis decisions and, 474
Eisenhower’s dictation and, 647
Eisenhower’s heart attack and, 270–274, 278
Eisenhower’s retirement and, 558
Eisenhower’s second term and, 288–289
Eisenhower’s speech habits and, 531
Eisenhower’s stroke and, 436–37
on Herter, 525
on J.F.Dulles, 508–9
Khrushchev’s visit and, 536
on “new” Eisenhower, 532
Republican Citizens and, 644–45
Rockefeller and, 647–68
staff problems and, 345–46
on State Department, 507–8
Strauss’s confirmation and, 530–31
Suez crisis and, 356
Whitney, George, 113–14
Wiley, Alexander, 80, 193, 239
Wills, Garry, 619
Wilson, Charles E., 23, 30, 33, 70, 113, 120, 299, 345, 374
Army-McCarthy hearings and, 186
atomic weapon deployment and, 224–25, 259
on auto workers, 223
Chief Joseph Dam and, 77–79
CIA and, 395
on civil-rights bill, 308
conflict of interest of, 40–41, 43
on defense spending cuts, 90, 143–145
disarmament and, 344
Eisenhower’s dissatisfaction with, 223
Eisenhower’s memos to, 122
force reductions and, 278, 394–95
formosa Straits crisis and, 232, 240–243
Iran and, 111
Middle East and, 317–18
on 1953 Inaugural Address, 36–38
on Oppenheimer, 141–42
postwar Korean aid and, 107–8
resignation of, 441
Suez crisis and, 357
U-2 flights and, 341
Wilson, Don, 640
Wilson, Harold, 657
Wilson, Richard, 172–73
Wilson, Woodrow, 218, 272, 275–76
World War II, 256–57
Wriston, Henry, 616
Yalta agreements, 54, 66–67, 263
repudiation of, 47, 49, 54, 56, 65–67
Ydígoras Fuentes, Miguel, 584
Young, Phil, 151–52
Yugoslavia, 379–80
Zaroubin, Ambassador, 309–10
Zhukov, Georgi K., 248, 375, 543
J. Eisenhower and, 262
Zorin, Valerin, 403–4