Suggested answer. It enhances the effects of the treatment. Patients find it easier to relax. Cushions are there to support them; these are placed behind the head and under the knees. A loose covering over patients ensures they are warm, or if they are female and wearing a skirt they do not feel uncomfortable with their legs slightly apart. Clothing is loosened so that they do not feel restricted in any way.
Suggested Answer. These are any factors in a patient’s condition that make it unwise to pursue a particular line of treatment.
Suggested answer. Patients should not be treated if they have severe fungi or viral infections of the feet; varicose veins that are very distended; complications such as thrombosis, phlebitis, history of miscarriages, they are pregnant and unused to reflexology; on strong medication such as IVF or drugs that cause changes to a system as in some heart problems. (In infectious illness, always wait until the acute stage has passed and there is no fear of cross infection.)
Suggested answer. Any of these: pes planus, spine problems, hallux valgus, shoulder and neck problems, hammer toe, mallet toe, corns, calloused areas, problems within the zone, such as eye or ear disorders. (In leg shortening, observe the ankle point as it could indicate lower back problems.)
Suggested answer. (Refer to code of conduct.)
Suggested answer. A puffy or raised red area on the medial side of the foot, striations on the heel near the rectum point, and a very red colour in the pelvic area on the base of the heel.
Suggested answer. Bladder, ureter and kidneys. The area of assistance is the lower spine for all the pelvic nerves, pelvic or groin lymphatics, reproductive areas and the spleen.
Suggested answer. (a) Procedures used in an emergency. (b) To preserve life, to try to prevent the condition becoming worse, and to aid or to promote recovery of the person.
Suggested answer. Symptoms/signs are usually a slow weak pulse, and the person is pale and clammy often because of a brief temporary reduction in the flow of the blood to the brain. This could be due to a nervous reaction, an emotional upset, lack of food, overtiredness, or could also be due to a long period of inactivity. The aim is to position the fainted patient so that gravity helps the flow of blood to the brain. Raise the legs and maintain an open airway; loosen clothing; keep the patient cool; fan them or open a window. Always check to see if they had sustained an injury when falling.
Suggested answer. This is pain that is experienced in a part of the body quite distant from its point of origin. This effect is brought about by the many sensory nerves around the body that share a common nerve pathway; each pathway arises from the spinal cord. Pain can be caused by irritation of a nerve, injury or inflammation of a nerve. (Pain in the left arm may be related to heart disorders. Pain in the leg or foot may be due to irritation of the sciatic nerve. This can be confusing to the patient as it often occurs when there is movement on the other side of the body, such as when they get in and out of a car or flexion of the foot while driving. Pain in between the shoulder blades, followed by feeling sick or vomiting after meals or coffee, is often due to embedding of a gall stone in a duct, causing biliary colic. In appendicitis, pain is first felt quite high above or around the navel area. This can move around, but if it is appendicitis it moves down into a lower area on the right side of the abdomen. This is very evident in phantom limb pain. This is because impulses from the remaining portion of the limb are interpreted by the brain as having come from that limb.)