Chapter 18
IN THIS CHAPTER
Reacting to a robbery
Getting medical help
Handling legal problems
Emergências (eh-meh-zhang-see-ahs) (emergencies) can happen anywhere, and you can best manage them if you’re prepared. This chapter helps you with words and phrases to know when dealing with life’s not-so-fun unexpected adventures.
Despite what you may have read or heard, Brazil is pretty tranquilo (trahn-kwee-loh) (calm) for visitors in terms of roubos (hoh-booz) (robberies). If you use bom senso (boh-oong sen-soo) (common sense), you’ll most likely be fine. The polícia (poh-lee-see-ah) (police), especially in Rio, which attracts so many tourists, are helpful and trustworthy to foreigners, though they’re famous for mistreating the city’s poor who live in favelas (fah-veh-lahs) (shantytowns).
If you get hurt in the country, you may be glad to know that there are state-of-the-art hospitais (oh-spee-tah-eez) (hospitals) and médicos (meh-jee-kooz) (doctors) in most parts of Brazil, especially in major urban areas. But before you begin your trip, you may want to consider buying a seguro de saúde (seh-goo-roh jee sah-ooh-jee) (health insurance plan) specifically for travelers.
Finally, it’s always best to stay out of a foreign country’s sistema legal (sees-teh-mah lay-gah-ooh) (legal system) if you can because laws and processos (proh-seh-sohs) (procedures) can be so different from what you’re used to. In Brazil, there’s a lot of corrupção (koh-hoop-sah-ooh) (corruption), and the system often works devagar (deh-vah-gah) (slowly).
In this chapter, I offer advice for responding to a robbery, finding and receiving medical help, and managing a legal problem in Brazil.
Here are some basic emergency terms that are good to know:
The places where you’re most likely to have a bad experience in Brazil are the most touristy parts of the country — the cities of Rio (hee-ooh) and Salvador (sah-ooh-vah-doh). They can be lots of fun but also perigosas (peh-ree-goh-zahs) (dangerous). Small towns and beach towns in Brazil tend to be seguras (seh-goo-rahs) (safe).
When visiting Brazil, use the same precautions you’d use in any lugar que não conhece (loo-gah kee nah-ooh kohn-yeh-see) (place you don’t know): Avoid being out in the street late at night, don’t wear expensive jewelry or watches, and ask locals which areas you should avoid.
Pegar táxi (peh-gah talk-see) (taking taxis) is fine; Brazilian taxicab drivers don’t rob the passengers like drivers do in some other countries.
Brazil is actually much less seguro for locals, especially os ricos (oohz hee-kooz) (the rich ones) with nice carros (kah-hooz) (cars). These people are often preocupadas (preh-oh-koo-pah-dahs) (worried) about sequestros (seh-kwehs-trooz) (kidnappings), in which the sequestradores (seh-kweh-strah-doh-reez) (kidnappers) demand dinheiro from the família (fah-mee-lee-ah) (family) of the vítima (vee-chee-mah) (victim).
A more recent problema (proh-bleh-mah) (problem) is sequestros relâmpagos (seh-kweh-stros heh-lahm-pah-gohz) (lightning-speed kidnappings). In this situation, the criminosos (kree-mee-noh-zoos) (criminals) usually kidnap a driver in their car, take the victim to an ATM, and ask that person to withdraw a wad of cash. Then the criminal typically leaves. At most, the person is held captive overnight.
So what should you do if you’re being robbed? The local refrain is Não reaja (nah-ooh hee-ah-zhah) (Don’t react). Don’t shout, don’t try to get away, and don’t punch the ladrão (lah-drah-ooh) (robber/pickpocket).
Just hand over your carteira (kah-tay-rah) (wallet), relógio (heh-loh-zhee-ooh) (watch), or bolsa (boh-ooh-sah) (purse) — whatever the assailant wants. Your stuff is less important than your safety.
It’s a good rule of thumb to never carry your pasaporte (pah-sah-poh-chee) (passport) around with you, unless you have no choice. Also, leave at least one cartão de crédito (kah-tah-ooh jee kreh-jee-toh) (credit card) at home, which you can use in case you get robbed or lose your wallet or purse. And the smartest travelers hide dinheiro and cards in a safe pocket in clothes or a bag. Some people even use fake wallets, which they leave in a more obvious place, like a back pocket!
Saying nothing during a robbery is generally best, but here are some classic phrases you may want to know:
It’s also helpful to know these calls for help in case you hear them from a Brazilian visitor who may need assistance in your hometown.
Say you’ve just been robbed. You had only a little money on you, and the robber didn’t get anything else. You now need to get back home or to your hotel. In this situation, or any other time you need help for something that’s not a major emergency, you can use these phrases when asking a Brazilian to help you:
If a Brazilian offers you ajuda (ah-zhoo-dah) (help), consider using one of these responses:
Most Brazilians say they fear a polícia (ah poh-lee-see-ah) (the police) more than they trust them, but police officers in Brazil are generally fine with tourists, and they’re good for filing insurance forms if you get robbed, especially in Rio, a city that relies economically on tourism.
Here’s what you can tell the Brazilian polícia if you want to report a robbery:
The polícia may ask you some of the following questions:
And here are some example answers to these questions:
The polícia will probably ask you the regular questions, like Qual é seu nome? (kwah-ooh eh seh-ooh noh-mee?) (What’s your name?) and Você é de que país? (voh-seh eh jee kee pah-eez?) (What country are you from?). (See Chapter 3 for help with answering these questions.)
In this section, I give you tips on what to do if you’re injured or become ill in Brazil. Seeking medical treatment in another country can be scary, and it’s never fun. Whether you scrape yourself badly at the beach, injure yourself while hiking, or come down with strange symptoms you need help interpreting, knowing a few phrases that can help you communicate is bound to calm you down a bit.
Possibly the best way to avoid a health issue while traveling is to think about your saúde (sah-ooh-jee) (health) before you begin your trip. You need certain vaccinations before you’re even allowed to enter the country, and other vaccinations are highly recommended. I remember getting a ten-year shot for Hepatitis A as well as a shot for febre amarela (feh-bree ah-mah-reh-lah) (yellow fever).
If you’ve been in countries with a febre amarela alert within three months of your entry into Brazil, the Brazilian government will not let you in the country without a yellow fever proof-of-vaccination card. When planning your vaccination in terms of your travel dates, keep in mind that a febre amarela vaccination takes ten days to become effective.
You also may want to consider what part of the country you’ll be visiting. If you’re planning to spend time in the Amazon, ask a doctor whether you should take preventative medicine for malária (mah-lah-ree-ah) (malaria).
www.cdc.gov/
) has good information, particularly about malaria.If you’re still concerned about getting sick in Brazil after getting the proper vaccinations, you can buy travel health insurance; rates are often more reasonable than you might expect. Also be sure to talk with your doctor or get travel tips from a local health clinic before you take off for Brazil. Most doctors’ offices and hospitals have pamphlets and information sheets on disease prevention for international travelers.
The most common tropical illness among locals and tourists in Brazil is one you may have never heard of — dengue (dehn-gee) (dengue fever). City subways in Brazil have ads to warn the public about dengue fever. Risk usually comes with stagnant water — a breeding ground for mosquitos (moh-skee-tohz) (mosquitos) that carry the sickness. Having dengue usually just means you have a stomachache and what feels like a gripe (ah gree-pee) (the flu) for a few days.
One way to reduce your risk of contracting dengue is to always wear repelente (heh-peh-len-chee) (insect repellent) while you’re in Brazil. Mosquitos are thick in the Amazon, but the worst bites I ever got were in São Paulo (sah-ooh pah-ooh-loh)! The climate in most of Brazil is humid at some point in the year, and mosquitoes love it. If you do end up in the Amazon, it’s worth knowing that there are two major rivers that flow through the region, the Rio Negro (hee-ooh neh-groh) and the Rio Amazonas (hee-ooh ah-mah-soh-nus). The Rio Negro is mosquito-free, due to the unique acidity of the river’s water. You can find hotels that advertise that they are mosquito-free along the Rio Negro!
Becoming ill from contaminated water is also a problem in Brazil. Avoid drinking água da torneira (ah-gwah dah tohr-nay-rah) (tap water) during your visit; even Brazilians don’t drink tap water, nor do they drink anything with gelo (zheh-loh) (ice), since the gelo was likely made using tap water. Also stay away from verduras cruas (veh-doo-rahs kroos) (raw vegetables) and frutas não descascadas (froo-tahs nah-ooh des-kahs-skah-dahs) (unpeeled fruit) and avoid consuming room-temperature sauces to reduce your chances of suffering from diarréia (jee-ah-hay-ah) (diarrhea) when visiting Brazil. Boiled, baked, or peeled foods are the safest.
As long as COVID-19 is still a global pandemic, you'll probably want to learn some specialized words to take care of your health while visiting Brazil. Luckily, many Covid-related words in Portuguese look almost identical to English. Can you find some below? (I know you’re not really a dummy, but you might appreciate easy answers: Covid, test, PCR, positive/negative, vaccine, facial are all words that look the same or almost the same in Portuguese.)
Here are some useful phrases to talk about Covid:
And here are some useful Covid terms:
In addition to tropical diseases and Covid, you can develop the run-of-the-mill sicknesses that plague you anywhere, like a resfriado (hes-free-ah-doo) (cold), dor (doh) (pain), or even a ressaca (heh-sah-kah) (hangover)! Brazil has plenty of farmácias (fah-mah-see-ahz) (drugstores) around, so getting the remédio (heh-meh-jee-ooh) (medicine) you need isn’t hard.
Here are some helpful phrases to use, including how to describe common bodily sintomas (seen-toh-mahs) (symptoms), whether you’re at the médico (meh-jee-koo) (doctor) or the farmácia:
Here are some questions the pharmacist or doctor may ask you:
Dealing with the misfortune of breaking a bone or suffering a medical emergency in Brazil works much like it probably does in your home country. You can take a taxi to a local emergência (eh-meh-zhang-see-ah) (emergency room), or you can call a three-digit number and request that an ambulância (ahm-boo-lahn-see-ah) (ambulance) be sent to pick you up. The emergency number in Brazil is 190.
Brazil’s large cities have some very good hospitais (oh-spee-tah-eez) (hospitals). You can get the same good care there that you’d get in the best hospitais in the world. The emergência can no doubt be a little scary in small towns, especially the rural ones, but rest assured: You’ll get the basic medical care you need.
Whether you have a stomach virus or a broken leg, knowing what certain parts of the body are called in Portuguese is useful so you can more easily communicate with doctors in Brazil. I start with a cabeça (ah kah-beh-sah) (the head) and work my way down o corpo (ooh koh-poo) (the body):
And here are the Portuguese words for some internal organs:
Most types of atividades ilegais (ah-chee-vee-dah-jeez ee-lay-gah-eez) (illegal activities) in Brazil are also illegal in other Western countries. But the enforcement and consequences of breaking a lei (ah lay) (the law) can differ. For instance, in Brazil, possession of marijuana is treated much more seriously than it is in much of the West. Cultural norms are at play, too. For example, it’s more normal for lawbreakers to pay off a police officer or customs agent in Brazil than in North America or Western Europe.
Misunderstandings with the police can occur. If a situation is at all séria (seh-ree-ah) (serious), the first thing to do is contact the nearest consulate for your country. You may also need to contact an advogado (ahj-voh-gah-doo) (lawyer). In that case, be sure to ask for one who speaks English:
Hopefully, you won’t ever have to say or hear these phrases: