| 1ATF | 1st Australian Task Force |
| 1ALSG | 1st Australian Logistic Support Group |
| 2IC | Second-in-command |
| A21 | Army in the 21st Century |
| AATTV | Australian Army Training Team Vietnam |
| ACV | Armoured Command Vehicle |
| ADC | Aide-de-camp |
| ADF | Australian Defence Force |
| AFV | Australian Force Vietnam |
| AFV | Armoured Fighting Vehicle |
| AHQ | Army Headquarters |
| AIF | Australian Imperial Force |
| AMF | Australian Military Forces |
| AMTG | Al Muthanna Task Group |
| ANZAM | Australia, New Zealand and Malaya (agreement or area) |
| ANZUS | Australia, New Zealand and United States alliance |
| ANZUK | Australian, New Zealand and United Kingdom (force or brigade) |
| AO | Area of Operations |
| APC | Armoured Personnel Carrier |
| ARes | Army Reserve |
| AR | Australian Regiment |
| ARA | Australian Regular Army |
| ARVN | Army of the Republic of Vietnam |
| ASLAV | Australian Light Armoured Vehicle |
| ATF | Australian Task Force |
| AUSBATT | Australian Battalion |
| BCOF | British Commonwealth Occupation Force |
| BCFESR | British Commonwealth Far East Strategic Reserve |
| BCFK | British Commonwealth Force Korea |
| CABW | Combined Arms Battle Wing |
| CB | Counter Bombardment or Battery (fire) |
| CBW | Battle Command Wing |
| CCO | Clandestine Communist Organisation |
| Cdo | Commando |
| CGS | Chief of the General Staff |
| CGSAC | Chief of the General Staff 's Advisory Committee |
| Chap | Chaplain |
| CHQ | Company Headquarters |
| CIMIC | Civil–Military Cooperation |
| CJTF | Combined Joint Task Force |
| CMF | Citizen Military Forces |
| CO | Commanding Officer |
| COMAFV | Commander, Australian Force Vietnam |
| CP | Command Post |
| CQMS | Company Quartermaster Sergeant |
| CSM | Company Sergeant Major |
| CT | Communist Terrorists |
| DAQMG | Deputy Adjutant and Quartermaster General |
| DCM | Distinguished Conduct Medal |
| DF | Defensive Fire |
| DFSOS | Defensive Fire, Save Our Souls |
| DFSW | Direct Fire Support Weapons |
| DMZ | Demilitarised Zone |
| DOBOPS | Director of Borneo Operations |
| DP1 | Draft Priority 1 |
| DS | Direct Support (battery or regiment) |
| DSO | Distinguished Service Order |
| FARELF | Far East Land Forces |
| FCU | Force Communications Unit |
| FO | Forward Observer |
| FOO | Forward Observation Officer |
| FSB | Fire Support Base |
| FSPB | Fire Support Patrol Base |
| GOC | General Officer Commanding |
| GPMG | General Purpose Machine-Gun |
| GRes | General Reserve |
| GSO1 | General Staff Officer Grade One |
| GSO2 | General Staff Officer Grade Two |
| HMG | Heavy Machine-Gun |
| HNA | Hardened and Networked Army |
| HRS | Humanitarian Relief Sector |
| HQ | Headquarters |
| IED | Improvised Explosive Device |
| INTERFET | International Force in East Timor |
| ISF | Iraqi Security Forces |
| JG | Jungle Greens |
| JNCO | Junior Non-Commissioned Officer |
| JTC | Jungle Training Centre |
| KD | Khaki Drill clothing |
| KIA | Killed in action |
| KOSB | King’s Own Scottish Borderers |
| KPA | Korean People’s Army |
| LCH | Landing Craft Heavy |
| LMG | Light Machine-Gun |
| LSG | Logistic Support Group |
| LST | Landing Ship Tank |
| LZ | Landing Zone |
| MA | Military Assistant |
| MACV | Military Assistance Command Vietnam |
| MBE | Member of the Order of the Bath |
| MC | Military Cross |
| MCP | Malayan Communist Party |
| MFC | Mobile Fire Controller |
| MG | Machine-Gun |
| MM | Military Medal |
| MMG | Medium Machine-Gun |
| MOLE | Military Operations in the Littoral Environment |
| MOUT | Military Operations in Urban Terrain |
| MP | Military Police |
| MRLA | Malayan Races Liberation Army |
| MUAV | Miniature Unmanned Aerial Vehicle |
| NAAFI | Navy Army Air Force Institute |
| NCO | Non-Commissioned Officer |
| NGO | Non-Governmental Organisation |
| NLF | National Liberation Front |
| NVA | North Vietnamese Army |
| NZ | New Zealand |
| NZR | New Zealand Regiment |
| OBG(W) | Overwatch Battle Group (West) |
| OC | Officer Commanding (a company) |
| ODF | Operational Deployment Force |
| OPO | Observation Post Officer |
| PA | Personal Assistant |
| PF | Popular Force |
| PIR | Pacific Islands Regiment |
| PJI | Parachute Jump Instructor |
| PMF | Permanent Military Forces |
| PW | Prisoner of War |
| QM | Quartermaster |
| RAA | Royal Australian Artillery |
| RAAC | Royal Australian Armoured Corps |
| RAAF | Royal Australian Air Force |
| RAASC | Royal Australian Army Service Corps |
| RAE | Royal Australian Engineers |
| RAEME | Royal Australian Army Electrical and Mechanical Engineers |
| RAMSI | Regional Assistance Mission Solomon Islands |
| RAN | Royal Australian Navy |
| RAR | Royal Australian Regiment |
| RASR | Regular Army Special Reserve |
| RCT | Regimental Combat Team |
| RDF | Ready Deployment Force |
| RF | Regional Force |
| RFMF | Royal Fijian Military Forces |
| RMC | Royal Military College |
| RNZIR | Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment |
| ROE | Rules of engagement |
| ROK | Republic of Korea |
| RPG | Ruchnoy Protivotankovy Granatomyot (anti-tank grenade launcher) |
| RQMS | Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant |
| RQR | Royal Queensland Regiment |
| RRes | Ready Reserve |
| RSM | Regimental Sergeant Major |
| RTA | Restructuring the Army (Trial) |
| SASR | Special Air Service Regiment |
| SCAP | Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers |
| SEATO | South-East Asia Treaty Organisation |
| SECDET | Security Detachment (Baghdad, Iraq) |
| SLD | Static Line Despatcher |
| SLR | Self-Loading Rifle |
| SMLE | Short Magazine-Lee Enfield |
| SNCO | Senior Non-Commissioned Officer |
| SO2 | Staff Officer Grade Two |
| SOP | Standard Operating Procedure(s) |
| SOTG | Special Operations Task Group |
| STA | Surveillance and Target Acquisition |
| TAOR | Tactical Area of Responsibility |
| TCL | Tactical Coordination Line |
| TE | Tropical Establishment |
| TLC | Tracked Load Carrier |
| TNI | Tentara Nasional Indonesia (Indonesian military) |
| TW | Tropical Warfare |
| UAV | Unmanned Aerial Vehicle |
| UN | United Nations |
| UNTAET | United Nations Transitional Authority in East Timor |
| UNAMET | United Nations Assistance Mission in East Timor |
| UNAMIR | United Nations Assistance Mission in Rwanda |
| UNC | United Nations Command |
| UNMISET | United Nations Mission in Support of East Timor |
| UNMO | United Nations Military Observer |
| UNTAC | United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia |
| US | United States |
| WESTBATT | Western (Sector) Battalion |
| WHAM | Winning Hearts and Minds |
| WIA | Wounded in action |
| WO1 | Warrant Officer Class One |
| WO2 | Warrant Officer Class Two |
| VBIED | Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Device |
| VC | Viet Cong |
| VCGS | Vice Chief of the General Staff |
| VD | Venereal Disease |