CONTENTS

List of Maps

Abbreviations

Contributors

Preface to the 2008 Edition by the Colonel Commandant

Preface to the 1990 Edition by the Colonel Commandant

1 Raising a Regular Infantry Force Morotai, 1945-46

David Chinn

Policy Issues

Raising the Battalions

Training and Peacetime Routine

Growing Impatience

Departure for Japan

2 British Commonwealth Occupation Force Japan, 1946–48

Wayne Klintworth

Enforcing SCAP Directives—65th Battalion

Guard Parades and Guard Duty—66th Battalion

Training in Japan—67th Battalion

MAP 1 (opposite): South-East Asia, Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands. The Royal Australian Regiment originated from three Australian infantry battalions formed in October 1945 for service in the British Commonwealth Occupation Force in Japan. Troops for the 65th Battalion came from Balikpapan and Timor; for the 66th Battalion, from Labuan and Tarakan; and for the 67th Battalion from Bougainville, Wewak and Rabaul. The 34th Brigade, of which they were a part, was formed at Morotai. From 1955 to 1960, 2 RAR, 3 RAR and 1 RAR were based at Penang; from 1960 to 1971, 2 RAR, 3 RAR, 4 RAR, 8 RAR and 1 RAR were at Malacca; and from 1971 to 1973, 1 RAR and 6 RAR were at Singapore. All nine battalions served in Vietnam from 1965 to 1973. 3 RAR and 4 RAR served in Sarawak, near Kuching, in 1965 and 1966 respectively. From 1999 to 2003 1 RAR, 2/4 RAR, 3 RAR, 5/7 RAR and 6 RAR served in East Timor. 3 RAR, with elements of 1 RAR, 2 RAR and 4 RAR, returned there in 2006. From 2003 to 2006 1 RAR, 2 RAR and 5/7 RAR served in the Solomon Islands.

3 Formation of the Royal Australian Regiment Australia and Japan, 1948–50

Wayne Klintworth

Development of the Postwar Army

Formation of the RAR

The RAR in Australia—1949–50

Last Days of BCOF

The 3rd Battalion in Japan—1949–50

Preparation for War

4 The Regiment’s First War Korea, 1950–56

Jeffrey Grey

Advance to the Yalu

The United Nations Withdrawal

The United Nations Counteroffensive

Kapyong

The 1st Commonwealth Division in Action

The Static War

5 The Malayan Emergency Malaya, 1955–60

Jim Molan

An Outline of the Malayan Emergency

Jungle Patrolling—2 RAR in Malaya

Denial Operations—3 RAR in Malaya

Maintaining Pressure—1 RAR in Malaya

6 Consolidation and Reorganisation Australia, 1950–65

John Blaxland

In Search of a Home Base

The Reorganisation of 1957

The Introduction of the Pentropic Organisation

The End of the Pentropic Organisation

7 Confrontation Malaysia and Borneo, 1960–66

David Horner

2 RAR at Terendak

The Beginning of Confrontation

Rounding Up the Infiltrators—3 RAR in Malaya

Claret Operations—3 RAR in Borneo

4 RAR in Malaysia

8 A Nine-Battalion Regiment Australia, Malaysia and Singapore, 1965–73

John Healy

Expanding the Regiment

Training for War

Terendak and Singapore

Memories of Nine Battalions

9 The Build-Up Vietnam, 1965–67

Bob Breen

Introduction

The Situation

1 RAR’s First Vietnam Tour

1 ATF Establishes its Presence

Operations of 5 RAR and 6 RAR

The Battle of Long Tan

More of the Same

Reassessment

Balancing Tactics and Techniques

Operation Bribie

The Long Hai Hills

Final 5 RAR and 6 RAR Operations

Operations of 2 RAR and 7 RAR in 1967

The Battle of Suoi Chau Pha

Resettlement and Reorganisation

Conclusions

10 Main Force Operations Vietnam, 1968–69

Rick Haines and Bob Breen

The 1968 Tet Offensive

Into the Long Hais

The Second VC Offensive

The Attacks on FSB Coral

The Attacks on FSB Balmoral

Back to Phuoc Tuy

The Third VC Offensive

Keeping the VC Main Force Off Balance

Operation Goodwood

The 1969 Tet Offensive

The Last VC Main Force Offensive

11 Pacification in Phuoc Tuy Vietnam 1969–72

Jerry Taylor

Pacification Operations

Mines and Bunkers

Keeping the Pressure on the VC

Return to Main Force Operations

Withdrawal

12 The Defence of Australia Australia, 1973–79

Peter Pedersen

The Post-Vietnam Army

Linking the Battalions

Towards Continental Defence

The Mechanisation Trial

An Array of Tasks

13 Ready Reaction and Specialisation Australia, 1980–90

David Horner

Operation Morrisdance

Army Reorganisation

The Operational Deployment Force

Mechanisation

The Parachute Capability

The Brisbane Battalions

14 Upheaval, Uncertainty and Opportunity UN Operations and Australia, 1990–99

Craig Stockings

Strategic Direction and Cost-cutting

UN Deployments—Somalia, Cambodia and Rwanda

Reform and Restructuring

Embracing Technology

Training—The Old and the New

15 Near and Far Operations, 1999–2006

John Blaxland

East Timor, 1999–2004

Operation Astute

Solomon Islands

‘Special’ Role for 4 RAR

War in Iraq

Operations in Afghanistan, 2005–06

Return to the Pacific, November 2006

Exercises

Women in the Battalions

Hardened and Networked Army (HNA)

Reflections on the ‘Special’ Nature of the RAR

16 Individual Views

Betts

Butler

Caligari (Barry and John)

Cruickshank

East

Gillman

Gould

Hassett

Hurley

Smith

Thompson

Appendices

A. Awards and decorations to members on operations with the RAR

B. Honorary Colonels, Colonels Commandant and Regimental Colonels

C. Commanding Officer

D. Regimental Sergeant Majors

Endnotes

Bibliography