Akihiko Izukura (n.d.). Philosophy. Downloaded April 30, 2013 from http://www.akihikoizukura.com/
Anorexia Bulimia Care (n.d.). Information and statistics. Downloaded May 27, 2013 from http://www.anorexiabulimiacare.org.uk/information-and-statistics-media
Arnold, R. (2000). Luxury and restraint: Minimalism in 1990s fashion. In N. White & I. Griffiths, (eds) The Fashion Business: Theory, Practice, Image (pp. 167–182). Oxford: Berg.
Arthur, L. (2000). Aloha Attire: Hawaiian Dress in the Twentieth Century. Atglen, PA: Schiffer.
Arthur, L. B. (1997). Cultural authentication refined: The case of the Hawaiian Holoku. Clothing and Texiltes Research Journal, 15 (3), 129–139.
Arthur, L. B. (2008). East meets west: The aloha shirt as an instrument of acculturation. In A. Reilly & S. Cosbey (eds) The Men’s Fashion Reader (pp. 295–310). New York: Fairchild Books.
Aune, R. Kelly. (1999). The effects of perfume use on perceptions of attractiveness and competence. In L. K. Guerrero, J. A. DeVito, & M. L. Hecht (eds) The Nonverval Communication Reader: Classic and Contemporary Readings (second edition; pp. 126–132). Prospect Heights, Illinois: Waveland Press, Inc.
Baardwijk, van, M., & Franses P. H. (2010). The hemline and the economy: Is there any match? Econometric Institute Report 2010–40. Rotterdam, the Netherlands: Erasmus University. Downloaded May 1, 2013 from http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/20147/EI%202010-40.pdf
Babbie, E. (2004). The Practice of Social Research (10th edition). Belmont, California: Wadsworth/Thompson Learning.
Behling, D. (1985/1986). Fashion change and demographics: A model. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 4 (1), 18–23.
Benjamin, W. (2003). Selected Writings, Volume IV, 1938–1940. Trans Edmund Jephcott et al., ed. Howard Eiland and Michael W. Jennings. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University.
Blumer, H. (1962). Society as symbolic interaction. In A. M. Rose (ed.) Human Behavior and Social Process: An Interactionist Approach (pp. 179–192). London: Houghton-Mifflin.
Blumer, H. (1968). Fashion. International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences V. New York: Macmillan.
Blumer, H. (1969). Fashion: From class differentation to collective selection. Sociological Quarterly, 10, 275–291.
Boehn, M. (1932). Modes and Manner (Vols. I–IV). London, George G. Harrap.
Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A Social Critique of Judgment of Taste. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Bourdieu, P. (1990). Structures, habitus, practices. In P. Bordieu, The Logic of Practice (pp. 52–79). Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
Boucher, F. (1987). 20,000 Years of Fashion: The History of Costume and Personal Adornment. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc.
Bourriaud, N. (2009). Altermodern. London: Tate Publishing.
Brannon, E. L. (2005). Fashion Forecasting (2nd edition). New York: Fairchild Publications, Inc.
Brook, T. (1999). The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press.
Cannon, A. (1998). The cultural and historical contents of fashion. In A. Bryden & S. Niessen (eds) Consuming Fashion: Adorning the Transnational Body (pp. 23–38). Oxford: Berg.
Clements, K. (2013). The Vogue Factor: From Front Desk to Editor. Melbourne, Australia: Melbourne University Publishing.
Christopher, C. (2012). Skin bleaching: The complexion of identity, beauty, and fashion. In K. Spillman-Miller, A. Reilly, & P. Hunt-Hurst (eds), Meanings of Dress 3rd edition (pp. 154–160). New York: Fairchild Books.
Craik, J. (1994). The Face of Fashion: Cultural Studies in Fashion. New York: Routledge.
Craik, J. (2009). Fashion: The Key Concepts. Oxford: Berg.
Curran, L. (1999). An Analysis of Cycles in Skirt Lengths and Widths in the UK and Germany, 1954–1990. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 17 (2), 65–72.
Curry, D. (1993). Decorating the Body Politic. New Formations 19: 69–82
d’Errico, F., Henshilwood, C., Vanhaeren, M., & van Niekerk, K. (2005). Nassarius kraussianus Shell Beads from Blombos Cave: Evidence for Symbolic Behavior in the Middle Stone Age. Journal of Human Evolution, 48 (1), 3–24.
Dalby, L. (1993). Kimono: Fashioning Culture. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.
Damhorst, M. L. (1989, July 16–18). Contextual model of clothing sign system. Presentation made at the Colloquium on the Body and Clothing as Communication, International Institute of Marketing Meaning. Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Damhorst, M. L. (2005). Dress as nonverbal communication. In M. L. Damhorst, K. A. Miller-Spillman, & S. O. Michelman (eds), Meanings of Dress 2nd edition (pp. 67–80). New York: Fairchild.
Davenport, M. (1976). The Book of Costume. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc.
Davis, F. (1982). On the “symbolic” in symbolic interaction. Symbolic Interactionism, 5, 111–126.
DeLong, M. R. (1998). The Way We Look: Dress and Aesthetics. New York City: Fairchild.
Delong, M., & Park, J. (2008). From cool to hot to cool: The case for the black leather jacket. In A. Reilly & S. Cosbey (eds) Men’s Fashion Reader (pp. 166–179). New York: Fairchild.
Dorey, F. (2013). “Homo sapiens – modern humans”. Accessed November 27, 2013 from http://australianmuseum.net.au/Homo-sapiens-modern-humans/
Downey, L. (2009). The invention of Levi’s ® 501 ® Jeans. Available from the author LDowney@levi.com, Levi Strauss & Company, San Francisco, California.
Driscoll, C. (2010). Chanel: The order of things. Fashion Theory, 14 (2), 135–158.
Druesedow, J. L. (2010). Snapshot: Amish, Mennonites, Hutterites, and Brethren, In J. B. Eicher (ed.) Berg Encyclopedia of World Dress and Fashion. Volume 3 (pp. 496–498). Oxford: Berg.
Dwyer, R. (2000). Bombay ishtyle. In S. Bruzzi & P. C Gibson (eds) Fashion Cultures: Theories, Explorations and Analysis (pp. 178–190). London: Routledge.
Dwyer, R., & Patel, D. (2002). Cinema India: The Visual Culture of Indian Cinema. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press.
Eicher, J. B. (1981). Influences of changing resources on clothing, textiles, and the quality of life: Dressing for reality, fun, and fantasy. Combined Proceedings, Eastern, Central, and Western Regional Meetings of Association of College Professors of Textiles and Clothing, Inc., pp. 36–41.
Eicher, J. B. (2004). A ping-pong example of cultural authentication and Kalabari cut-thread. Textile Society of America 9th Biennial Symposium proceedings. Downloaded May 1, 2013 from http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tsaconf/439/
Eicher, J. B., & Erekosima, T. V. (1980). Distinguishing non-western from western dress: The concept of cultural authentication. Proceedings of the 1980 Annual Meeting of the Association of College Professors of Textiles and Clothing (pp. 83–84).
Eicher, J. B., & Erekosima, T. V. (1995). Why do they call it Kalabari? Authentication and the demarcation of ethnic identity. In J. B. Eicher (ed.) Dress and Ethnicity (pp. 139–164). Oxford: Berg.
Eicher J. B., & Miller, K. A. (1994). Dress and the public, private and secret self: Revisiting a model. ITAA Proceedings, Proceedings of the International Textile and Apparel Association, Inc., p. 145.
Entwistle, J. (2008). From catwalk to catalog: Male fashion models, masculinity, and identity. In A. Reilly & S. Cosbey (eds), The Men’s Fashion Reader (pp. 126–144). New York: Fairchild.
Erekosima, T., V., & Eicher, J. B. (1981). Kalabari cut-thread and pulled-thread cloth: An example of cultural authentication. African Arts, 14 (2), 48–51, 81.
Eschelman, E. (2000–2001). Performatism, or the end of postmodernism. Anthropoetics, 6 (2).
Field, G. A. (1970). The status float phenomenon. Business Horizons, 8, 45–52.
Finkelstein, J. (1998). Fashion: An Introduction. New York City: New York Universtiy Press.
Fischer, G. V. (2001). Pantaloons and Power: A Nineteenth-Century Dress Reform in the United States. Kent, Ohio: The Kent State University Press.
Flugel, J. C. (1930). The Psychology of Clothes. London: Hogarth Press.
Forden, S. G. (2001). The House of Gucci: A Sensations Story of Murder, Madness, Glamour, and Greed. New York City: HarperCollins.
Freud, S. (1995). The Basic Writings of Sigmund Freud (Psychopathogy of Everyday Life, The Interpretation of Dreams, and Three Contributions to the Theory of Sex) (A. A. Brill, ed., & A. A. Brill, trans.). New York: Random House.
Frith, H., & Gleeson, K. (2004). Clothing and embodiment: Men managing body image and appearance. In K. Miller-Spillman, A. Reilly & P. Hunt-Hurst (eds) Meanings of Dress 3rd edition (pp. 142–151). New York: Fairchild Books.
Fruesdow, J. L. (2010). Snapshot: Amish, Mennonites, Hutterites, and Brethren. In P. Tortora (ed.), Berg Encyclopedia of World Dress and Fashion: The United States and Canada (pp. 496–498). Oxford: Berg.
Gaulme, D., & Gaulme, F. (2012). Power & Style: A World History of Politics and Dress (trans. Deke Dusinberre). Paris, Flammarion.
GalileoSmith (2010, July 14). Response to chat room thread “Are tank tops & ‘wife beater’ tshirts low class?” Downloaded January 4, 2013 from http://www.city-data.com/forum/fashion-beauty/1030748-tank-tops-wife-beater-tshirts-low.html
Geller, A. C., Colditz, G., Oliveria, S., Emmons, K., Jorgensen, C., Aweh, G. N., & Frazier, A. L. (2002). Use of sunscreen, sunburning rates, and tanning bed use among more than 10,000 US children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 109 (6), 1009–1014.
Gladwell, M. (2002). The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference. New York: Back Bay Books/Little, Brown and Co.
Goldfarb, M. (2013, April 4). Class calculator: A US view of the class system. BBC News Magazine. Downloaded April 9, 2013 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-22025328?print=true
Gordon, M. (2012). Personal communication.
Grogan, S. (2008). Body Image: Understanding Body Dissatisfaction in Men, Women, and Children. East Sussex, United Kingdom: Routledge.
Guenther, I. (2004). Nazi Chic? Fashioning Women in the Third Reich. Oxford: Berg Publishers.
Hamilton, J. A. (1997). The macro-micro interface in the construction of individual fashion forms and meanings. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 15 (3), 164–171.
Hancock, J. (2009). Brand/Story: Ralph, Vera, Johnny, Billy and Other Adventures in Fashion Branding. New York: Fairchild Books.
Hartman, D. (2011, October 8–9). The gentleman adventurer. The Wall Street Journal, pp. D1–D2.
Henshilwood, C. S., d’Errico, F., Yates, R., Jacobs, Z., Tribolo, C., Duller, G. A. T., Mercier, N., Sealy, J. C., Valladas, H., Watts, I., & Wintle, A. G. (2002) Emergence of Modern Human Behavior: Middle Stone Age Engravings from South Africa. Science, 295, 1278–1280.
Henshilwood, C. S., d’Errico, F. & Watts, I. (2009) Engraved ochres from the Middle Stone Age levels at Blombos Cave, South Africa. Journal of Human Evolution, 57, 27–47.
Hoffecker, J., & Scott, J. (2002, March 21). Excavations In Eastern Europe Reveal Ancient Human Lifestyles, University of Colorado at Boulder News Archive.
Hoffmann, K. A. (2012). Perrault’s “Cendrillon” among the glass tales: Crystal fantasies and glassworks in seventeenth-century France and Italy. Presentation made at Cinderella as Text of Culture conference (November 8–12, 2012).
Hooper, W. (1915). The Tudor sumptuary laws. The English Historical Review, 30(19), 433–449.
Hunt, A. (1996). Governance of the Consuming Passions: A History of Sumptuary Law. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Hyllegard, K. H., Yan, R., Ogle, J. P., & Lee, K. (2012). Socially responsible labeling: The impact of hang tags on consumers’ attitudes and patronage intentions towards an apparel brand. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 30 (1), 51–66.
Jirousek, C. A. (1997). From “traditional” to “mass fashion system” dress among men in a Turkish village. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 15 (4), 203–215.
Kaiser, S. (1990). The Social Psychology of Clothing. New York: Macmillan.
Kaiser, S. (1997). The Social Psychology of Clothing. 2nd edition. New York: Fairchild.
Kaiser, S. B., Nagasawa, R. H., & Hutton, S. S. (1995). Construction of an SI theory of fashion: Part 1. Ambivalence and change. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 13 (3), 172–183.
Kaiser, S. B., Nagasawa, R. H., & Hutton, S. S. (1997). Truth, knowledge, new clothes: Responses to Hamilton, Kean, and Pannabecker. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 15 (3), 184–191.
Kanfer, S. (1993). The Last Empire: DeBeers, Diamonds, and the World. London: Hodder and Stoughton.
Kastanakis, M. N., & Balabanis, G. (2012). The three faces of conspicuous consumption: To belong, to differ, to out spend. Conference Proceedings (pp. 2638–2642). Global Marketing Conference at Seoul.
Kean, R. (1997). The role of the fashion system in fashion change: A response to the Kaiser, Nagasawa and Hutton Model. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 15 (3), 172–177.
Kerlinger, F. N. (1979). Behavioral Research: A Conceptual Approach. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Kim, H., Lee, E., & Hur, W. (2012). The normative social influence on eco-friendly consumer behavior: The moderating effect of environmental marketing claims. Clothing and Textile Research Journal, 3(1), 4–18.
Kirby, A. (2009). Digimodernism: How New Technologies Dismantle the Postmodern and Reconfigure Our Culture. New York: Continuum International Publishing Group.
Ko, D. (1997). Bondage in time: Footbinding and fashion theory. Fashion Theory, 1 (1), 3–28.
Koda, H. (2005). Introduction. In H. Koda & A. Bolton (eds) Chanel: Catalogue for the Metropolitan Museum of Art Exhibition (pp. 11–12). New Haven, New Jersey: Yale University Press.
Kroeber, A. (1919). On the principle of order in civilization as exemplified by changes in fashion. American Anthropologist, 21, 235–263.
Kuchta, D. M. (2007). “Graceful, virile, and useful”: The origins of the three-piece suit. In A. Reilly & S. Cosbey (eds) The Men’s Fashion Reader (pp. 498–511). New York: Fairchild Books.
Kuhn, T. (1970). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (2nd edition). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Kvavadze E., Bar-Yosef, O., Belfer-Cohen, A., Boaretto, E., Jakeli, N., Matskevich, Z., & Meshveliani, T. (2009). 30,000-year-old wild flax fibers. Science, 325 (5946):1359.
Lang, K., & Lang, G. E. (2007) The power of fashion. In L. Welters & A. Lillethun (eds) The Fashion Reader (pp. 83–86). Oxford: Berg.
Laughlin, J. (1997). A series of response papers. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 15(3), 162–163.
Laver, J. (1973). Taste and fashion since the French Revolution. In G. Willis & D. Midgley (eds) Fashion Marketing (pp. 379–389). London: George Allen & Unwin.
Laver, J. (1937). Taste and Fashion. London: Dood Mead and Co.
Laver, J. (1969). Modesty in Dress: An Inquiry into the Fundamentals of Fashion. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Leibenstein, H. (1950). Bandwagon, snob, and Veblen effects in the Theory of Consumers’ Demand. Quartlery Journal of Economics, 64, 183–207.
Levi Strauss & Co. The Rivet Patent, May 20, 1873. (1873, June 28). Pacific Rural Press, p. 406.
Lillethun, A. (2007). Introduction [to Part II: Fashion Theory] in L. Welters & A. Lillethun (eds) The Fashion Reader (pp. 77–86). Oxford: Berg.
Lipovetsky, G. (1994). The Empire of Fashion: Dressing Modern Democracy. Trans. Catherine Porter. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Lipovetsky, G. (2005). Hypermodern Times. Cambridge, MA: Polity Press.
Lowe, E. D, & Lowe, J. W. (1982). Cultural pattern and process: A study of sylistic change in women’s dress. American Anthropologist, 84 (3), 521–544.
Lowe, E. D., & Lowe, J. W. (1985). Quantitative analysis of women’s dress: Implication for theories of fashion. In M. R. Solomon (ed.) The Psychology of Fashion (pp. 193–206). Lexington, MA: D. C. Heath.
Lowe, E., & Lowe, J. (1990). Velocity of the fashion process in women’s formal evening dress. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 9 (1), 50–58.
Mabry, M. A. (1971). The relationship between fluctuations in hemlines and stock market average from 1921 to 1971. Thesis. University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
Martin, J. J., Kibler, A., Kulinna, P. H., & Fahlman, M. (2006). Social physique anxiety and muscularity and appearance cognitions in college men. Sex Roles, 55, 151–158.
Maslow, A. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396.
Matković, V. (2010). The power of fashion: The influence of knitting design on the development of knitting technology. Textile, 8 (2), 122–147.
McCracken, G. (1988). Culture and Consumption. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press.
McLennan, J. F. (1869). The worship of animals and plants part 1. Fortnightly Review, 6, 407–427, 562–582.
McLennan, J. F. (1870). The worship of animals and plants part 2. Fortnightly Review, 7, 194–216.
McCurdy, D. W., Spradley, J. P., & Shandy, D. J. (2004). The Cultural Experience: Ethnography in Complex Society (2nd edition). Long Grove, Illinois: Waveland Press.
Mead, G. H. (1967). Mind, Self, and Society: From the Standpoint of a Social Behaviorist (Works of George Herbert Mead, Vol. 1). Edited by Charles W. Morris. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press.
Melichor-Bonnet, S. (2001). The Mirror: A History. New York: Routledge.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2013a). Theory. Downloaded December 2, 2013 from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/theory
Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2013b). Fashion. Downloaded June 28, 2013 from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fashion
Merriam, S. B. (1988). Case Study Research in Education: A Qualitative Approach. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Miller, K. A. (1997). Dress: Private and secret self expression. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 15 (4), 223–234.
Miller-Spillman, K. A. (2008). Male Civil War reenactors’s dress and magical moments. In A. Reilly and S. Cosbey (eds) The Men’s Fashion Reader (pp. 455–473). New York: Fairchild Books.
Miller-Spillman, K. A. (2013) Fashion and fantasy. In K. A. Miller-Spillman, A. Reilly, & P. Hunt-Hurst Meanings of Dress 3rd edition (pp. 469–469). New York: Fairchild Books.
Misener, J. (2011). Coco Rocha: I was told to “look anorexic.’ The Huffington Post. Downloaded on May 11, 2013 from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/12/08/coco-rocha-anorexic_n_1137116.html
Morgado, M. (1996). Coming to terms with Postmodern: Theories and concepts of contemporary culture and their implications for apparel scholars. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 14 (1), pp. 41–53.
Morgado, M. (2007). The semiotics of extraordinary dress: A structural analysis and interpretation of hip-hop style. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 25 (2), 131–155.
Morgado, M. (in press). Fashion phenomena and the post-postmodern condition: A speculative inquiry. Fashion, Style & Popular Culture
Musgrave, E. (2009). Sharp Suits. London: Pavilion Books.
Nag, D. (1991). Fashion, gender, and the Bengali middle class. Public Culture, 3 (2), 93–112.
National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders. (n.d.) Eating disorder statistics. Downloaded May 27, 2013 from http://www.anad.org/get-information/about-eating-disorders/eating-disorders-statistics/
Negrin, L. (2008). Body art and men’s fashion. In A. Reilly & S. Cosbey (eds) The Men’s Fashion Reader (pp. 323–336). New York: Fairchild.
Niessen, S. (2007). Re-orienting fashion theory. In L. Welters & A. Lillethun (eds). The Fashion Reader (pp. 105–110). Oxford: Berg.
North, S. (2008). Fashion and politics: “… a son of liberty will not feel the coarseness of a homespun shirt …” In A. Reilly & S. Cosbey (eds) The Men’s Fashion Reader (pp 180–198). New York: Fairchild.
Nystrom, P. H. (1929). Economics of Fashion. New York: Ronald Press.
O’Cass, A., & McEwen, H. (2004). Exploring consumer status and conspicuous consumption. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 4 (1), 25–39.
Pannabecker, R. K. (1996). “Tastily bound with ribands”: Ribbon-bordered dress of the Great Lakes Indians, 1735–1839. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 14 (4), 267–275.
Partington, A. (1992). Popular fashion and working-class affluence. In J. Ash & E. Wilson (eds) Chic Thrills: A Fashion Reader (pp. 145–161). London: Pandora.
Pedersen, E. L. (2001). Men’s head and facial hair in the Far West: 1873–1899. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 19 (4), 185–190.
Pepys, S. (1972). The Diary of Samuel Pepys (Vol. 7), R. Latham (ed.). London: G. Bell and Sons.
Phau, I., & Ong, D. (2007). An investigation of the effects of environmental claims in promotional messages for clothing brands. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 25, 772–778.
Polhemus, T. (1994). Streetstyle: From Sidewalk to Catwalk. London: Thames & Hudson.
Polhemus, T. (2011). Fashion & Anti-Fashion: Exploring Adornment and Dress from an Anthropological Perspective. Publisher: Author.
Pope, H. G., Jr., Phillips, K. A., & Olivardia, A. (2000). The Adonis Complex: The Secret Crisis of Male Body Obsession. New York: Free Press.
Poysden, M., & Bratt, M. (2006). A History of Japanese Body Suit Tattooing. Amsterdam, Netherlands: KIT Publishers.
Reilly, A. (2008). Fashion cycles in men’s jackets, dress shirts, and slacks. In A. Reilly & S. Cosbey (eds) The Men’s Fashion Reader (pp. 525–537). New York: Fairchild Books.
Reilly, A. (in work). The theory of Shifting Erogenous Zones: Tattoos and the male body.
Reilly, A., & Rudd, N. A. (2009). Social anxiety as predictor of personal aesthetic among women. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 27 (3), 227–239.
Richardson, J., & Kroeber, A. (1940). Three centuries of women’s dress fashions. Anthropological Records, 5 (2), 111–153.
Roach-Higgins, E., & Eicher, J. B. (1992). Dress and identity. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 10 (4), 1–8.
Robinson, D. E. (1976). Fashions in shaving and trimming of the beard: The men of the Illustrated London News, 1842–1972. American Journal of Sociology, 81 (5), 1133–1141.
Rogers, E. M. (1962). Diffusion of Innovations. New York: The Free Press.
Rudd, N. A., & Lennon, S. J. (2000). Body image and appearance-management behaviors in college women. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 18 (3), 152–162.
Saethre, E. (2012). (A. Reilly, Interviewer)
Saethre, E. (2013). Much more than plastic: Reflections on building Star Wars Stormtrooper armor. In K. A. Miller-Spillman, A. Reilly, and P. Hunt-Hurst (eds) Meanings of Dress (3rd edition) (pp. 495–500). New York: Fairchild Books.
Samuels, R. (2008). Auto-modernity after postmodernism: Autonomy and automation in culture, technology and education. In T. McPherson (ed.), Digital Youth, Innovation, and the Unexpected (pp. 219–240). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Sapir, E. (1931). Fashion. Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. Volume 6. New York: Macmillan.
Saussure, F. de (1966). Course in General Linguistics (W. Baskin, Trans.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Schildkrout, E. (2001). Body art as visual language. AnthroNotes, 22 (2). Accessed November 27, 2013 from http://anthropology.si.edu/outreach/anthnote/Winter01/anthnote.html
Shiveley, D. (n.d.). Bakufu versus Kabuki. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 326–356.
Simmel, G. (1904). Fashion. International Quarterly, 10, 130–150.
Skoggard, I. (1998). Transnational commodity flows and the global phenomenon of the brand. In A. Brydon & S. Niessen (eds) Consuming Fashion: Adorning the Transnational Body (pp. 57–70). Oxford: Berg.
Slade, T. (2009). Japanese Fashion: A Cultural History. Oxford: Berg.
Solomon, M. R. (1985). The Psychology of Fashion. Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books.
Solomon, M. R., & Rabolt, N. J. (2004). Consumer Behavior in Fashion. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education/Prentice Hall.
Sparke, P. (1986). An Introduction to Design and Culture in the Twentieth Century. New York: Routledge.
Sproles, G. (1985). Behavioral science theories of fashion. In M. R. Solomon (ed.) The Psychology of Fashion (pp. 55–70). Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books.
Sproles, G. B. (1979). Fashion: Consumer Behavior Toward Dress. Minneapolis: Burgess.
Sproles, G. B. & Burns, L. D. (1994). Changing Appearances: Understanding Dress in Contemporary Society. New York: Fairchild.
Stanley, T., & Danko, W. (1996). The Millionaire Next Door. New York: Pocket Books.
Steele, V. (1985). Fashion and Eroticism: Ideals of Feminine Beauty from the Victorian Era to the Jazz Age. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Steele, V. (1998). Paris Fashion: A Cultural History (2nd ed.) Oxford: Berg.
Steele, V. (2002) Fashion: Yesterday, today, tomorrow. In N. White & I. Griffiths (eds) The Fashion Business: Theory, Practice, Image (pp. 7–22). Oxford, Berg.
Stitziel, J. (2005). Fashioning Socialism: Clothing, Politics and Consumer Culture in East Germany. Oxford: Berg.
Stone, G. P. (1965). Appearance and the self. In M. E. Roach & J. B. Eicher (eds) Dress, Adornment and the Social Order (pp. 216–245). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Svendsen, L. (2006). Fashion: A Philosophy. Trans. John Irons. London: Reaktion Books.
Taylor, L. (2000). The Hilfiger factor and the flexible commercial world of couture. In N. White & I. Griffiths (eds) The Fashion Business: Theory, Practice, Image (pp. 121–142). Oxford: Berg.
Tricarico, D. (2008). Dressing up Italian Americans for the youth spectacle: What difference does Guido perform? In A. Reilly & S. Cosbey (eds) The Men’s Fashion Reader (pp. 265–277). New York City: Fairchild.
Tseëlon, E. (2010). Outlining a fashion studies project. Critical Studies in Fashion and Beauty, 1 (1), 3–53.
Tu, R. (2009). Dressing the nation: Indian cinema costume and the making of a national fashion, 1947–1957. In E. Paulicelli & H. Clark (eds) The Fabric of Cultures: Fashion, Identity, and Globalization (pp. 28–40). New York City: Routledge.
Vanhaeren, M., d’Errico, F., van Niekerk, K. L., Henshilwood, C. S., & Erasmus, R. M. (2013) Thinking strings: Additional evidence for personal ornament use in the Middle Stone Age at Blombos Cave, South Africa. Journal of Human Evolution, 64, 500–517.
Veblen, T. (1899). The Theory of the Leisure Class. New York: Macmillan.
Wade, T. D., Keski-Rahkonen A. & Hudson, J. (2011). Epidemiology of eating disorders. In M. Tsuang and M. Tohen (eds) Textbook in Psychiatric Epidemiology (3rd edition) (pp. 343–360). New York: Wiley.
Welters, L., & Lillethun, A. (2007). The Fashion Reader. Oxford: Berg.
Wikipedia. (2013). Theory. Downloaded December 2, 2013 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory
Wilson, E. (1987). Adorned in Dreams: Fashion and Modernity. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Winter K., & McDermott, N. (2013). Is the hourglass figure a thing of the past? Women’s waists have grown 7 INCHES since 1951 while weight soars by 7.5 lbs. Mail Online. Downloaded May 20, 2013 from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article–2312861/Times-Mad-Men-hourglass-figures-Womens-waists-7-INCHES-bigger-1950s-weight-risen-7-5lbs.html
Vermeulen, T., & van der Akker, R. (2010). Notes on metamodernism. Journal of Aesthetics and Culture, 2, 1–14.
Wallender, M. (2012, July 3). T-shirt blues: The environmental impact of a t-shirt. The Huffington Post.
Wilms, M. (Director). (2009). Comrade Couture [Motion Picture].
Wilson, E. (2003). Adorned in Dreams (2nd edition). New York: Rutgers University Press.
Wilson, L. (2008). The evolution of Western style in menswear. In A. Reilly & S. Cosbey (eds) The Men’s Fashion Reader (pp. 465–479). New York City: Fairchild Books.