Activation of military networks, 24, 35–37, 179–182
Activation of military networks, in Libya, 179–180
Activation of military networks, in Syria, 59–61, 180–181
Activation of military networks, in Yemen, 117–118, 125–126, 181
Activation of military networks, in Yugoslavia, 159–160, 181–182
Affective focusing, 25
Anti-bureaucratic revolution, 154–155
Beissinger, Mark, 13, 38, 40–41
Bunce, Valerie, 138
Causal mechanisms, 16
Causal mechanisms in civil wars, definitions, 25–26
Causal mechanisms in research on clandestine political violence, 23–25
Civil war, onset, 3
Civil wars, cultural explanations, 4
Civil wars, economic explanations, 3
Civil wars, political explanations, 4
Cognitive closures, 25
Collier, Paul, 4
Competitive escalation, 24
Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ), 152
Della Porta, Donatella, 14–15, 23–25
Democratization, 27
Democratization, economic conditions, 5
Democratization, international interventions, 6, 28
Democratization, political conditions, 5
Democratization, role of social movements, 6–7
Diaspora, 4
Economic inequalities, 4
Elites’ strategic choices, 6
Emergent characteristics, 13, 41
Emotions, 12, see also emotional mechanisms
Escalating policing, 24
Eventful democratization, 14
External intervention, 4
Failed democratization, 5, 77, 164
Fearon, James, 33
Fluidification of borders, 32, 174–177
Fluidification of borders, in Libya, 174
Fluidification of borders, in Syria, 62–64, 68, 174–175
Fluidification of borders, in Yemen, 120–121, 125–126, 175–176
Fluidification of borders, in Yugoslavia, 158, 176
Frames, 11
Game theory, 6
Grievances, 4
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) deal, the, 120
Gutierrez Sanin, Francisco, 39
Hoeffler, Anke, 4
Huntington, Samuel, 4
Identities, 184
Identities, exclusive 14
Ideological encapsulation, 25
Ideology, 39
Indiscriminate repression, 28–30, 167–170
Indiscriminate repression, in Libya, 78–84, 168
Indiscriminate repression, in Syria, 55–56, 68, 169
Indiscriminate repression, in Yemen, 117, 169–170
Indiscriminate repression, in Yugoslavia, 170
Iron cage of liberalism, 9
Islamist groups, 51, 61–66, 81–82, 90–94
ISIS (Islamic State in Iraq and Syria), 67–68, 93–96
Jihadist militia, 62–66, 93–94
Kalyvas, Stathis, 13–14, 29, 32–33, 40
Laitin, David, 33
League of Communists of Yugoslavia (LCY), 142, 143, 157
Local Coordination Committees, 55, 58–59
Memory, 38
Militant enclosure, 25
Militarization, 15
Militarization of networks, 35–37
Military, role of in democratization, 4
Militias, 37
Most-different research design, 15–16
Muslim Brotherhood, the, 57, 63–64, 81–82
Narratives, 38
National Dialogue Conference, 121–123
Natural resources, 36
Networks, 179
New Social Movements (Yugoslavia), 147–149
Oppositional groups, divisions in, 8, 30–31
Organizational compartmentalization, 24
Organized crime, 35
Pacted transition (Spain), 6
Patrimonial policies, 84
Policing, 9–10 (see also repression)
Political destabilization, 27–28, 165–167
Political destabilization, in Libya, 165–166
Political destabilization, in Syria, 50, 52, 58, 166
Political destabilization, in Yemen, 119, 123–124, 166
Political destabilization, in Yugoslavia, 139–143, 166–167
Political opportunities, 9–10, 165
Protest strategies, 10
Radical flank, 10
Radicalization 2, 9, 24, 93–94
Relational mechanisms, 35
Relational perspectives, 12
Repertoires of action, 11
Repression, 4
Resources mobilization, 20
Revenge, 38
Ritter, Daniel, 9
Schlichte, Klaus, 32
Schock, Kurt, 7
Sectarian identification, 39–40, 127–128, 153, 159–160
Security deterioration, 34–35, 177–179
Security deterioration, in Libya, 89–93, 95, 177–178
Security deterioration, in Syria, 60–62, 178
Security deterioration, in Yemen, 119, 122–123, 125, 178
Security deterioration, in Yugoslavia, 159–160, 178
Social fragmentation, 30–31, 170–174
Social fragmentation, in Libya, 88–89, 95, 171
Social fragmentation, in Syria, 64–65, 67–68, 171–172
Social fragmentation, in Yemen, 121–123, 127–128, 172–173
Social fragmentation, in Yugoslavia, 145, 173–174
Social movements, radicalization of, 7, 9–11
Sons of the soil, 33
Spiralling revenge, 37–38, 182–184
Spiralling revenge, in Libya, 184–185
Spiralling revenge, in Syria, 60–61, 67–68, 185
Spiralling revenge, in Yemen, 124, 129, 185
Spiralling revenge, in Yugoslavia, 159–160, 185–186
Student protests (Yugoslavia), 149
Symbolic interactionism, 12
Territorial control, 29, 31–32
Tiananmen Square, 8
Tilly, Charles, 10
Tito, Josip Broz, 137, 143–144
Troubled democratization, 15
Viterna, Joselyn, 35
War economies, 35
Weinstein, Jeremy, 36
Women’s movements (Yugoslavia), 148
Wood, Elisabeth, 1, 12–13, 38, 39
Yugoslav National (or People’s) Army (JNA), 138, 142, 147, 159, 160