1. Cristina Maza, “Sanctioned Russian Oligarch’s Company to Invest Millions in New Aluminum Plant in Mitch McConnell’s State,” Newsweek, April 15, 2019, www.newsweek.com/company-russian-oligarch-millions-aluminum-plant-mitch-mcconnell-1397061.
2. Paul Kane, “McConnell Defends Blocking Election Security Bill, Rejects Criticism He Is Aiding Russia,” Washington Post, July 29, 2019, www.washingtonpost.com/politics/mcconnell-defends-blocking-election-security-bill-rejects-criticism-he-is-aiding-russia/2019/07/29/08dca6d4-b239-11e9-951e-de024209545d_story.html.
3. Donald J. Trump, @realDonaldTrump, Twitter.com, April 14, 2019, twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1117428291227533312.
4. Julie Hirschfeld Davis, “Trump, at Putin’s Side, Questions U.S. Intelligence on 2016 Election,” New York Times, July 16, 2018, www.nytimes.com/2018/07/16/world/europe/trump-putin-election-intelligence.html.
5. David D. Kirkpatrick, Ben Hubbard, Mark Landler, and Mark Mazzetti, “The Wooing of Jared Kushner: How the Saudis Got a Friend in the White House,” New York Times, December 8, 2018, www.nytimes.com/2018/12/08/world/middleeast/saudi-mbs-jared-kushner.html.
6. Nahal Toosi, “U.K. Defends Ambassador After Disparaging Trump Comments Leak,” Politico, July 6, 2019, politi.co/2NFxFB6.
7. Tom McCarthy, “Pence Acknowledges Tie-Breaker May Be Needed to Confirm Kavanaugh,” The Guardian, September 9, 2018, www.theguardian.com/law/2018/sep/09/brett-kavanaugh-supreme-court-confirmation-mike-pence-tie-breaker-vote-.
8. Dylan Matthews, “How the 9th Circuit Became Conservatives’ Least Favorite Court,” Vox, January 10, 2018, www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/1/10/16873718/ninth-circuit-court-appeals-liberal-conservative-trump-tweet.
9. David Brennan, “Does Windmill Noise Cause Cancer? Donald Trump Renews Campaign Against Wind Power with New Claim,” Newsweek, April 3, 2019, www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-wind-power-windmills-noise-cancer-renewable-energy-birds-1384338.
10. I was the first Republican consultant to condemn the stupid birther smear in 2008. Relax, people.
11. Julie Bykowicz, “Checking In: Report Lists Dozens of Groups That Used Trump Properties,” Wall Street Journal, January 16, 2018, www.wsj.com/articles/checking-in-report-lists-dozens-of-groups-that-used-trump-properties-1516078861.
12. Natasha Bertrand and Bryan Bender. “Air Force Crew Made an Odd Stop on a Routine Trip: Trump’s Scottish Resort,” Politico, September 6, 2019, politi.co/2A1XDVG.
13. David Smith, “Trump Nepotism Attacked After ‘Out-of-Her-Depth’ Ivanka Given Key Summit Role,” The Guardian, July 1, 2019, www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jul/01/donald-trump-ivanka-g20-north-korea-nepotism.
14. “John Bolton Left in Mongolia While Trump Schmoozed in North Korea,” Vanity Fair. n.d. Web. July 1, 2019, www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/07/john-bolton-mongolia-trump-tucker-carlson-schmoozed-in-north-korea.
15. Garry Kasparov, @Kasparov63, Twitter.com, June 24, 2019, twitter.com/Kasparov63/status/808750564284702720.
16. Martin Matishak and Kyle Cheney, “Senate Intelligence Leaders: Russians Schemed to Help Trump,” Politico, May 16, 2018, politi.co/2rN6N3T.
17. The Federalist Papers No. 10, Avalon.law.yale.edu, n.d., avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fed10.asp.
1. Orion Rummler, “Where Each 2020 Democrat Stands on Abolishing the Electoral College,” Axios, April 7, 2019, www.axios.com/electoral-college-2020-presidential-election-candidates-94d89ca6-b402-4de3-ae8e-06139592408e.html.
2. Ryan Bort, “What It Would (Really) Take to Abolish the Electoral College,” Rolling Stone, March 19, 2019, www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/electoral-college-2020-810187.
3. Greg Sargent, “How Democrats Can Defeat Trump and His Ugly Ideas, According to Pete Buttigieg,” Washington Post, March 19, 2019, www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/03/19/how-democrats-can-defeat-trump-his-ugly-ideas-according-pete-buttigieg.
4. Pew Research Center, U.S. Politics and Policy, “Public’s 2019 Priorities: Economy, Health Care, Education and Security All Near Top of List,” January 24, 2019, www.people-press.org/2019/01/24/publics-2019-priorities-economy-health-care-education-and-security-all-near-top-of-list.
5. “Cook Partisan Voting Index,” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, Wikimedia Foundation, September 7, 2019, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_Partisan_Voting_Index.
6. William Cummings, “Obama Warns Democrats That Ideological ‘Rigidity’ Can Lead to a ‘Circular Firing Squad,’ ” USA Today, April 8, 2019, www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/04/08/2020-election-barack-obama-warns-democrats-circular-firing-squad/3398051002.
7. Stephen Hawkins, Daniel Yudkin, Míriam Juan-Torres, Tim Dixon, “Profiles of the Hidden Tribes,” Hidden Tribes of America project, More in Common, 2018, hiddentribes.us/profiles.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. Aaron Blake, “How Trump Wins in 2020: Americans See His Opponent as a ‘Socialist,’ ” Washington Post, July 8, 2019, www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/07/08/how-trump-wins-americans-see-his-opponent-socialist.
13. Neil Newhouse, memorandum, Public Opinion Strategies, February 22, 2019, pos.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/National-POS-poll-Socialism.pdf.
14. Hillary Clinton, press release, June 9, 2008, web.archive.org/web/20080609202817/http://www.hillaryclinton.com/news/release/view/?id=7904.
15. Point Taken–Marist Poll, May 2016, maristpoll.marist.edu/wp-content/misc/usapolls/us160502/Point%20Taken/Reparations/Exclusive%20Point%20Taken-Marist%20Poll_Reparations%20Banner%201_May%202016.pdf#page=4.
16. Tom Curry, “Young Voters Not Essential to Obama Triumph,” MSNBC.com, November 7, 2008, www.nbcnews.com/id/27582147/ns/politics-decision_08/t/young-voters-not-essential-obama-triumph.
17. Grey Gordon, “Accounting for the Rise in College Tuition,” National Bureau of Economic Research, December 12, 2017, www.nber.org/chapters/c13711.
1. Alan Rappeport, “How Companies Learned to Stop Fearing Trump’s Twitter Wrath,” New York Times, March 20, 2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/03/20/us/politics/trump-twitter-businesses.html; Neal Rothschild, “Metrics Show Trump’s Tweets Are Losing Their Potency,” Axios, May 26, 2019, www.axios.com/president-trump-tweets-engagement-4c6067a8-734d-4184-984a-d5c9151aa339.html.
2. Jeff Horwitz, “Trump 2020 Working with Ex-Cambridge Analytica Staffers,” AP News, June 15, 2018, apnews.com/96928216bdc341ada659447973a688e4.
3. “The Living Room Candidate—Commercials—1984—Train,” Livingroomcandidate.org, n.d., www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1984.
4. Tamara Keith, “With Voter Data and a Volunteer Army, a Whole New Trump Campaign for 2020,” NPR Politics, June 27, 2019, www.npr.org/2019/06/27/735913950/with-voter-data-and-a-volunteer-army-a-whole-new-trump-campaign-for-2020.
5. Peter Baker and Michael Crowley, “Trump Steps into North Korea and Agrees with Kim Jong-un to Resume Talks,” New York Times, June 30, 2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/06/30/world/asia/trump-north-korea-dmz.html.
6. Lindsey Graham, @LindseyGrahamSC, Twitter.com, May 3, 2016, twitter.com/LindseyGrahamSC/status/727604522156228608.
7. “Leading Cable Networks in the United States in August 2019, by Number of Viewers,” Statista, updated September 2, 2019, www.statista.com/statistics/347040/cable-networks-viewers-usa.
8. Brendan Nyan and Jason Reifler, “When Corrections Fail: The Persistence of Political Misperceptions,” Dartmouth.edu, July 12, 2011, www.dartmouth.edu/~nyhan/nyhan-reifler.pdf.
9. Kevin Roose, “Here Come the Fake Videos, Too,” New York Times, March 4, 2018, www.nytimes.com/2018/03/04/technology/fake-videos-deepfakes.html.
10. Eric Hoffer, The True Believer: Thoughts on the Nature of Mass Movements (New York: Harper, 1951), 83.
11. Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism (New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1968), 474.
1. Gallup poll, “Abortion,” February 1, 2019, news.gallup.com/poll/1576/Abortion.aspx.
2. Donald J. Trump, @realDonaldTrump, Twitter.com, January 31, 2019, twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1090967053689937921.
3. John Cassidy, “James Comey’s October Surprise,” The New Yorker, October 28, 2016, www.newyorker.com/news/john-cassidy/james-comeys-october-surprise.
4. Kellyanne Conway, @KellyannePolls, Twitter.com, October 28, 2016, twitter.com/KellyannePolls/status/792055185950515200.
5. Azam Ahmed, Katie Rogers, and Jeff Ernst, “How the Migrant Caravan Became a Trump Election Strategy,” New York Times, October 24, 2018, www.nytimes.com/2018/10/24/world/americas/migrant-caravan-trump.html.
6. Donald J. Trump, @realDonaldTrump, Twitter.com, October 24, 2018, twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1055065538890735616.
1. Jim Rutenberg, “The 2004 Campaign: The President; 90-Day Strategy by Bush’s Aides to Define Kerry,” New York Times, March 20, 2004, www.nytimes.com/2004/03/20/us/the-2004-campaign-the-president-90-day-strategy-by-bush-s-aides-to-define-kerry.html.
2. Rex Crum, “On Facebook, Trump’s Ad Spending Tops Every Democratic Rival,” Mercury News, May 21, 2019, www.mercurynews.com/2019/05/21/on-facebook-trumps-ad-spending-tops-every-democratic-rival.
3. Erika Franklin Fowler, Travis N. Ridout, and Michael M. Franz, “Political Advertising in 2016: The Presidential Election as Outlier?,” The Forum 14, 4 (2017): 445–69, doi.org/10.1515/for-2016-0040.
4. Issie Lapowsky, “Here’s How Facebook Actually Won Trump the Presidency,” Wired, November 15, 2016, www.wired.com/2016/11/facebook-won-trump-election-not-just-fake-news.
5. Maggie Severns, “Dems Prepare 9-Figure Ad Onslaught to Blunt Trump’s Head Start,” Politico, June 16, 2019, politi.co/2WNnYEO.
6. Ibid.
7. Voter Participation Center, “Early Voting by State,” updated August 30, 2019, www.voterparticipation.org/voter-hub/early-voting-by-state.
8. Gary Fineout, “Florida Democrats Get an Early Start on the Legal Battle for 2020,” Politico Florida, May 20, 2019, politi.co/2JqFXKc.
9. Jon Huang, “Election 2016: Exit Polls,” New York Times, November 8, 2016, www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/11/08/us/politics/election-exit-polls.html.
10. C. L. Sulzberger, “New Strategy—a Nuclear Maginot Line?” New York Times, December 23, 1964, www.nytimes.com/1964/12/23/archives/foreign-affairs-new-strategya-nuclear-maginot-line.html.
11. Jim Geraghty, “The Right’s Grifter Problem,” National Review, June 3, 2019, www.nationalreview.com/the-morning-jolt/the-real-problem-conservatism-faces-today.
12. Emily Smith, “Trump Campaign Staffers Get into Public Screaming Match,” New York Post, May 19, 2016, pagesix.com/2016/05/19/trump-campaign-staffers-get-into-public-screaming-match.
13. Tina Nguyen, “Trump Buddy David Bossie Accused of Scamming Elderly MAGA Voters,” Vanity Fair, May 6, 2019, www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/05/david-bossie-donald-trump-fundraising-scam-accusation.
14. Twitter, “(67) Kayleigh McEnany on Twitter: ‘Our @TeamTrump statement on dishonest fundraising groups: “President Trump’s campaign condemns any organization that deceptively uses the President’s name, likeness, trademarks, or branding and confuses voters,” May 7, 2019, twitter.com/i/web/status/1125842657371144197.
15. Maggie Christ and Brendan Fischer, “ ‘Can I Count on You?’ How the Presidential Coalition Has Capitalized on Its Leader’s Ties to the President and Misled Donors,” Campaign Legal Center with Axios, May 5, 2019, campaignlegal.org/document/profiting-proximity-report-presidential-coalitions-misleading-fundraising-practices.