SUBJECT INDEX

Page-number citations in italics refer to figures, and those in boldface refer to tables on those pages. Bat names are found in the taxonomic index.

anatomy, 1.1, 1.2

anticoagulant in saliva, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1

attitudes toward bats, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

attracting bat colonies, 3.1, 3.2

banding

Bat Conservation International, 3.1, 3.2

biologist, studying bats, 3.1, 3.2

birds versus bats, 1.1, 1.2

“blind as a bat” myth

blood feeders, 1.1, 2.1

blossom (flower) feeders, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2

body shape, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

bony structure, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4

adaptations for flying, 1.1, 1.2

fossils, 2.1, 2.2

brain, 1.1, 1.2

breeding. See reproduction

buildings

bat removal from

roosting in

cannibalism

careers in bat biology, 3.1, 3.2

carnivores, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1

catching bats, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

caves

bat gates for, 1.1, 1.2

fossils in

funnel traps for, 3.1, 3.2

roosting in, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1

classification, 1.1, 1.2. See also the appendix and the taxonomic index

knowledge deficits in, 3.1, 3.2

species

colonies, 1.1, 1.2

in attic

attracting, 3.1, 3.2

nursery

color, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 2.1

communication. See also echolocation; vocalization

conservation

information sources, 3.1, 3.2

reasons for, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

control methods

countershading, 1.1, 1.2

courtship, 1.1, 1.2

crests, of skull

cultural attitudes toward bats, 3.1, 3.2

dentition. See teeth

development of young bats, 1.1, 1.2

diet. See food and eating

ears, 1.1, 1.2

in echolocation

echolocation, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

ear function in, 1.1, 1.2

in fish catching, 1.1, 1.2

in insect catching, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

e-mail discussion group (Batline)

employment as bat biologist, 3.1, 3.2

enemies, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

environment, interactions with, 3.1, 3.2

epaulets

evolution

eyes, 1.1, 1.2

fish eaters, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1

fleas

flocking

flower feeders, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2

flying, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3. See also wings

enemy predation during, 1.1, 1.2

evolution of

in flocks

into people’s hair

soaring in, 1.1, 1.2

speed of

of young bats

foliage. See leaves

folk tales, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2

food and eating

aerial insects, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

blood, 1.1, 2.1

bulldog bats

false vampire bats

fish, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1

flowers, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2

flying foxes, 2.1, 2.2

foliage insects, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

frogs, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

fruit, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5

for hibernation preparation, 1.1, 1.2

jaw structure and, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

roundleaf bats

search for, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

short-tailed fruit bats

vampire bats

vertebrates, 1.1, 1.2

form, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

fossil bats, 2.1, 2.2

frog eaters, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

fruit eating, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5

funnel traps, 3.1, 3.2

fur

gates for protecting bat colonies, 1.1, 1.2

geographic distribution

of extant bats

of fossil bats, 2.1, 2.2

glands on shoulders

gliding, 1.1, 2.1

growth of young bats, 1.1, 1.2

guano deposits

economic value of, 3.1, 3.2

geochronology of

human illness from

habitat

hands, 1.1, 1.2

health problems, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2

hearing

in echolocation

hibernation, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

after migration

physiology of, 1.1, 1.2

reasons for, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

reproduction timing and

histoplasmosis, 1.1, 3.1

homing

houses built for bat colonies, 3.1, 3.2

illness, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2

information sources, 3.1, 3.2

insect eaters

aerial, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

foliage, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

intelligence

Internet discussion group (Batline)

jaws, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

Journal of Mammalogy

jumping

larynx in echolocation

leaves

insect gleaning from, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

roosting in, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

as shelter, 1.1, 1.2

legends, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2

life span, 1.1, 1.2

litter size, 1.1, 1.2

livestock, vampire bat feeding on

locomotion. See also flying

gliding, 1.1, 2.1

on ground

longevity, 1.1, 1.2

mammalogy, study of

mating, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

membranes, wing (uropatagia), 1.1, 1.2

migration, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4

mites

mosquitoes, consumption of

myths, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2

neck

nectar feeders, 1.1, 1.2

nets for bat catching, 3.1, 3.2

newborns, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

number of, 1.1, 1.2

weight of, 1.1, 1.2

nursing, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

mother bats’ recognition of their own young, 1.1, 1.2

nutrition. See food and eating

organizations for bat information, 3.1, 3.2

pain sensation

parasites

pesticides, accumulation in fat, 1.1, 2.1

pigmentation. See color

pollen feeders, 1.1, 1.2

pollination, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

polyestry

predation

by bats, 1.1, 1.2

on bats, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

protection

bat gate in, 1.1, 1.2

reasons for, 3.1, 3.2

rabies, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1

repellents for use against bats

reproduction, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

birth, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

brown bats

bulldog bats

horseshoe bats

litter size, 1.1, 1.2

long-fingered bats

roundleaf bats

short-tailed bats

roosting, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4

artificial structures designed for, 3.1, 3.2

birth during

blossom feeders, 2.1, 2.2

brown bats

in buildings

bulldog bats

disk-winged bats, 2.1; 2.2

enemy predation during

false vampire bats

flying foxes, 2.1, 2.2

free-tailed bats

in hibernation. See hibernation

horseshoe bats

in leaves, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

mouse-tailed bats, 2.1, 2.2

places for, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3. See also caves

roundleaf bats

slit-faced bats

upside down, 1.1, 1.2

vampire bats

saliva, anticoagulant in, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1

seeds, dispersal of, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

senses

hearing, 1.1, 1.2

sight, 1.1, 1.2

touch (pain sensation)

sex. See reproduction

shelter, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3. See also caves

sickness

size

skeleton. See bony structure

skin, 1.1, 1.2

of wings

skull

sleep

social systems

sound in echolocation. See echolocation

teeth, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

of blossom feeders

evolution of

of vampire bats, 1.1, 2.1

temperature regulation, .

in hibernation

ticks

trapping bats, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

trees as shelter, 1.1, 1.2

Tuttle trap, 3.1, 3.2

ultrasonic sounds. See echolocation

uropatagia, 1.1, 1.2

vision, 1.1, 1.2

vocalization, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3. See also echolocation

voice box in echolocation

walking

weight of young bats, 1.1, 1.2

wings, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7

aerodynamics of, 1.1, 1.2

color of

comparison with bird wings, 1.1, 1.2

evolution of

size of

uniqueness among mammals

winter

hibernation during. See hibernation

migration during, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4