A
abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture 263–9
acidosis 42
acute coagulopathy of trauma 42
acute lung injury (ALI) 61, 66–7, 69, 81–2, 292
acute normovolaemic haemodilution 32
Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation 2 (APACHE 2) 13
acute post-operative pain 457
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 61, 66–8, 69
adrenaline, neonatal collapse 410
adrenaline nebulizers 383, 429
aeromedical transport (air ambulance) 403–4, 432–8
air embolus 311
airway
head injury 82
inhaled foreign body 246–53, 425–6
local anaesthesia 250, 385, 390
paediatric anatomy 241
pre-hospital management in multiple trauma 397–8
raised intracranial pressure 196
alfentanil 79
American Society of Anaesthetists (ASA) physical status 12
anaemia
major haemorrhage 42
prematurity 170
analgesia
burns 61
Caesarean section 144
congenital heart disease 98
elective surgery in chronic pain patients 471–2
emergency hysterectomy 137
hip fracture 125
laparoscopic radical prostatectomy 347
laparotomy for colonic resection 33
percutaneous nephrolithotomy 360
post-pyloromyotomy 190
prematurity 171
subdural haematoma 207
surgery in transplant patients 334
total cystectomy with ileal conduit 352, 353
transcatheter aortic valve implantation 317
trauma 80
ankle block 107
antenatal anaesthetic clinic 148
antibiotic prophylaxis
dental procedures 99
hip fracture 125
antibiotic therapy
airway obstruction 430
community-acquired pneumonia 65
antifibrinolytics 32, 48–9, 162
antihypertensives, pre-eclampsia 141, 142, 144
antiplatelets 271, 275, 282–3, 298
aortic cross-clamping/unclamping 268
transcatheter technique 313–18
aorto-femoral arterial revascularization 277–83
APACHE 13
apnoea, post-operative 170, 173
aprotinin 32
arterial oxygen content 47–8, 66
ASA status 12
ascites 31
asleep/awake/(asleep) technique 227–8, 229
asleep fibreoptic intubation 376
Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland Colorectal Cancer Resection Score (ACPGBI-CRC) 13
ATMIST handover 404
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 182
auto-PEEP 423
AVPU system 398
awake fibreoptic intubation 257, 376, 385, 390–1
awake tracheostomy 258
awareness under anaesthesia 80
axillary nerve 117
azathioprine 29
B
balloon angioplasty 213
Berman™ intubating airway 376
bile leaks 325
biopsychosocial model of pain 446, 451, 454, 456, 467
bleeding, indicators 237; see also haemorrhage
blood conservation strategies 31–2
blood pressure, major haemorrhage 47
brain natriuretic peptide 14, 280
brainstem-dead organ donors 337–41
British Thoracic Society guidelines
community-acquired pneumonia 65
bronchial blockers 291
bronchopulmonary dysplasia 170
bupivacaine 92
C
C-A-B-C 43
Caesarean section
antibiotic prophylaxis 132, 144
obesity 148
peripartum cardiomyopathy 156
uterotonics 134
calcific aortic stenosis 302
calcineurin inhibitors 29
calcium chloride 49
calcium homeostasis 85
carbon monoxide poisoning 58–9
carboprost 134
cardiac output monitoring 76
cardiac risk assessment 12, 278–80, 306
cardiac stabilization devices 295
cardiomyopathy, peripartum 153–7
cardiopulmonary exercise testing 14, 279–80, 288
cardiothoracic anaesthesia
lung isolation techniques 287–93
transcatheter aortic valve implantation 313–18
valve replacement surgery 302–12
cardiovascular function
acromegaly 379
brainstem-dead organ donor 339
respiratory failure 85
care bundles
enhanced recovery after surgery 27–8
Sepsis Six 65
ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention 61, 69
Catastrophes in anaesthetic practice – dealing with the aftermath 23
catecholamine storm 338
central diabetes insipidus 339, 341
central sensitization 457
cerebral perfusion monitoring 274
cerebral perfusion pressure 82
cervical spine injury 43, 373–7
Charlson comorbidity index 13
chest X-ray, inhaled foreign body 248–9
chewing gum 90
Child–Turcotte–Pugh score 13
chronic pain patients, elective surgery 466–73
chronic post-surgical pain 453–9
clipping of aneurysm 211, 212, 218–20
clonidine 92, 182, 223, 228, 472
clotting factors 48
clotting time 266
coagulopathy 29, 30, 48, 136, 266, 323, 324, 326, 328
acute coagulopathy of trauma 42
disseminated intravascular coagulation 162
codeine 223
coiling of aneurysm 211, 213–14
colorectal surgery, complex 26–35
Combat Application Tourniquet 43
common fibular nerve 107
communication
air transport 438
debriefing 21
pre-hospital management of trauma 396
theatre utilization 6
community-acquired pneumonia 64, 65
complaints 24
complex regional pain syndrome 441–4
compound sodium lactate 60, 65
COMT enzyme 456
congenital heart disease 95–100, 302–3
coronary artery bypass grafting
pre-vascular surgery 281
coroner’s clot 381
craniectomy, posterior fossa 221–4
craniotomy
post-operative analgesia 222–3
CRASH-2 trial 48
C-reactive protein 14
cricoid pressure 375
crystalloid 46
Cushing response 337
cyclizine 134
cystectomy with ileal conduit 351–6
D
damage control surgery 52, 55, 75
day case anaesthesia
post-operative nausea and vomiting 89–94
debriefing 21
deep vein thrombosis 104
defence organizations 24
dehydration
delayed ischaemic neurological deficit 212–13
delayed recovery of consciousness 363
depth of anaesthesia monitoring 80, 206, 214, 228
dexamethasone, inhaled foreign body 250
dexmedetomidine 228
diabetes
central diabetes insipidus 339, 341
diffuse noxious inhibitory control testing 458
dimethyl sulfoxide 443
disseminated intravascular coagulation 162
dobutamine stress echocardiography 280, 306
dopamine 410
double-lumen tubes 290
Duke Activity Status Index Questionnaire 14
E
ear, nose, and throat anaesthesia
echocardiogram 154, 298, 304, 305
eclampsia 139
elbow surgery, regional blocks 117–9
elderly patients, regional anaesthesia 122–8
electrocardiogram 154, 268–9, 298, 305
electrolyte balance, prematurity 169–70
emergency Caesarean section 143–4
emergency hysterectomy 137
encephalopathy
glycine-induced 366
endobronchial intubation with single-lumen ETT 291
endovascular treatment of subarachnoid haemorrhage 210–17
enhanced recovery after surgery 27–8
enoxaparin 125
epidural analgesia 460
abdominal surgery 461
cardiac surgery 462
continuous vs patient-controlled 463
laparotomy for colonic resection 33
phantom limb pain 447
post-operative pain 462
pulmonary morbidity 462
total cystectomy with ileal conduit 352, 353, 354–5
epsilon amino caproic acid 32
etomidate 78
EuroSCORE 306
exercise testing 14, 279–80, 288, 297, 306
extradural haematoma 205, 414–15
F
femoral nerve 106
femoral nerve block 108
femur fracture 75
fentanyl 79
fibrinogen deficiency 48
FIBTEM 266
fitness for anaesthesia 10
fixed wing aeroplane transport 434–5
fluid challenge 144
fluid creep 60
fluid deficit 177
fluid management
metabolic alkalosis 188
post-operative nausea and vomiting 93
pre-eclampsia 142
fluid resuscitation
obstetric haemorrhage 133, 134
fondaparinux 125
foreign body inhalation 246–53, 425–6
fracture
femur 75
pre-hospital immobilization 402
fresh frozen plasma 30, 31, 48
functional capacity 279
G
GCH1 456
general anaesthesia
Caesarean section 156
complex colorectal surgery 26–35
emergency Caesarean section 143–4
neonates 170
risk assessment and outcome prediction 9–16
glycaemic control 169, 346, 349
Goldman’s Cardiac Risk Index 12
group A β-haemolytic Streptococcus (GAS) 158
grunting 423
H
haemangioblastomas 221
haemorrhage
intraventricular 169
see also major haemorrhage
helicopter transport 403–4, 433–4, 435–8
HELLP 139
heparin, excessive effect 275
hepatic blood flow 33
hepatic impairment 30
hepatobiliary anaesthesia
brainstem-dead organ donor 337–41
elective surgery following transplantation 332–6
high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) 14
hormonal resuscitation 339
hydralazine 142
hydrocephalus 212
hypertension, pregnancy-induced 139–45
hypocarbia 81
hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis 188, 189
hypopharyngeal tumour 255, 256, 257
hypotensive resuscitation 46, 264
hypothermia
cardiopulmonary bypass 310
delayed recovery of consciousness 363
neuroprotection 220
respiratory failure 85
hypovolaemia 40, 41, 43–5, 79–80, 237
hypoxia
head injury 82
obesity 151
hysterectomy, emergency 137
I
immunosuppression 29, 334, 335, 336
indomethacin 329
infection
acute epiglottitis 241
immunosuppressed patients 334, 335
peripartum sepsis 158
inhalation induction
bleeding tonsils 239
inhaled foreign body 250
stridor 430
see also volatile agents
inhalation injury 61
inhaled foreign body 246–53, 425–6
interscalene block 118
interventional radiology 50–1, 52, 54, 213–14
intra-abdominal hypertension 269
intracranial pressure
intraoperative cell salvage 32
intraventricular haemorrhage 169
K
ketamine 78, 83, 92, 182, 410, 443, 447, 472
L
lactate, sepsis 66
lactic acidosis 66
laparoscopic surgery
colorectal resection 26
post-operative nausea and vomiting 91
laryngeal mask airway 92, 98, 228
laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) 242, 426, 429, 430
lateral cutaneous nerve 106
lateral rectus palsy 219
lidocaine, topical 250, 385, 390
liver function
coagulation tests 30
laparoscopic surgery 348
liver transplantation 328, 329–30
colorectal surgery following 26–35
local anaesthetics
carotid endarterectomy 272, 273
elective surgery in chronic pain patients 471
inhaled foreign body 250
nerve catheter 121
lower airway inhalational injury 61
lower limb regional anaesthesia 103–13
lumbar plexus block 108
lumbosacral plexus 105
lung isolation techniques 287–93
lung-protective ventilation 69, 81–2, 338
M
magnesium homeostasis 85
magnesium therapy
glycine-induced encephalopathy 366
maintenance fluids 176–7, 178, 412
major haemorrhage
manual in-line stabilization 375
maximum clot firmness 266
medial cutaneous nerve 116
median nerve 117
MELD 13
metabolic acidosis 85
metabolic derangements 355
metallic heart valves 203
methylprednisolone, brainstem-dead organ donor 339
METs 279
minimally invasive interventional radiology 50–1, 52, 54
minute ventilation 81
misoprostol 134
mobilization 127
morbidity and mortality meetings 21
morphine 223
motor nerve blockade 104
mucopolysaccharidoses 387
multidisciplinary team meetings 6–7
musculocutaneous nerve 116
myocardial ischaemia 268–9, 294–5
myocardial perfusion scanning 280
myocardial protection 295–6, 309–10
N
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) 443
National Theatres’ Project Steering Group 4–5
necrotizing enterocolitis 170
nerve blocks 107–8, 117–9, 126
nerve stimulation 108
nerve supply
neuroanaesthesia
endovascular treatment of aneurysm 210–17
posterior fossa craniectomy 221–4
principles 195
neurological function
delayed recovery of consciousness 363
elderly 124
pneumoperitonium 348
prematurity 169
respiratory failure 85
neuromuscular blockade 79, 336
NICE guidelines
fluid resuscitation 46
pre-eclampsia 139
risk communication 15
N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-BNP) 14
O
obstetric anaesthesia
major obstetric haemorrhage 131–8
peripartum cardiomyopathy 153–7
off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting 294–301
operating theatre sessions 3–8
opioids
chronic pain patients 468–9, 471
co-induction agents 79
delayed recovery of consciousness 363
oral vs intravenous 472
phantom limb pain 450
organ retrieval surgery 337–41
oxygen content, arterial blood 47–8, 66
oxygen delivery 66
oxygen therapy
during transport 418
stridor 429
P
paediatric anaesthesia
pain management strategies 451, 468
pain medicine
chronic post-surgical pain 453–9
complex regional pain syndrome 441–4
elective surgery in chronic pain patients 466–73
regional vs systemic analgesia 460–5
respiratory failure risk 85
pain questionnaires 449
palonosetron 93
patient-controlled analgesia 222, 463
percutaneous coronary intervention 281
percutaneous nephrolithotomy 357–61
performance indicators 5
peripartum cardiomyopathy 153–7
personal protective equipment 396–7
P/F ratio 85
plasma infusion 49
plasma osmolality 365
pleiotropic effects 281
pneumonectomy 290
pneumothorax 436
poplitial nerve block 108
positioning
acute epiglottitis 243
laparoscopic radical prostatectomy 346, 348–9
percutaneous nephrolithotomy 359, 360
regional anaesthesia 110
positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 81, 82
positive pressure ventilation (PVP) 81–2
POSSUM 13
posterior fossa craniectomy 221–4
post-operative analgesia
Caesarean section 144
emergency hysterectomy 137
laparoscopic radical prostatectomy 347
minimally emetogenic 93
percutaneous nephrolithotomy 360
pyloromyotomy 190
total cystectomy with ileal conduit 352, 353
post-operative cognitive dysfunction 124
post-operative nausea and vomiting 89–94, 222
pre-hospital management of trauma 395–405
premedication
anxious child 181, 182, 183, 184
preoperative assessment
complex colorectal surgery 28
diabetic patients 346
elective surgery following renal transplantation 333
fitness for pneumonectomy 287–8
major liver resection 322
post-operative nausea and vomiting 89
regional anaesthesia in elderly 124–5
scoring systems 12–15, 278–80, 306
transcatheter aortic valve implantation 315
valve replacement surgery 304
preoperative autologous blood donation 32
pressure sores 127
Pringle manoeuvre 324
propofol 33, 78, 126, 206, 228, 430
prostrate
laparoscopic radical prostatectomy 345–50
transurethral resection of 362–7
protamine 215
protective ventilation 69, 81–2, 338
proteinuria 141
pulmonary vascular resistance 97
pumphead 310
pyloromyotomy 189
R
radial nerve 117
radial pulse 46
raised intracranial pressure 196, 329, 348
rapid sequence induction
bleeding tonsils 239
uncooperative child 184
REASON 14
recombinant factor VIIa 49
record keeping 24
referring vs retrieval team transfers 414–21
regional anaesthesia
awake/asleep patients 110
Caesarean section 132
smokers 271
regional analgesia
trauma 80
remifentanil 79, 228, 347, 381
remote locations 97
renal function
laparoscopic surgery 348
renal transplantation, anaesthesia following 332–6
respiratory distress 243, 423–5
respiratory failure, risk factors 85
respiratory function
elderly 123
laparoscopic surgery 348
measurement 288
prematurity 168
respiratory rate 424
retinopathy of prematurity 169
reverse Trendelenberg 346, 348–9
Revised Cardiac Risk Index 12, 278–9
rheumatic valve disease 303
risk scoring 12–15, 278–80, 306
rocuronium 79
rotational TEG 266
ROTEM® 266
rule of nines 59
S
saphenous nerve 106
SAPS 13
scheduling theatre sessions 4
sciatic nerve 106
sciatic nerve block 108
sedation
elderly 126
inhaled foreign body 250
local anaesthesia and 273
Morquio’s syndrome 390
selective decontamination of the digestive tract 69
selective oral decontamination 69
prematurity 170
Sepsis Six 65
severe sepsis 64, 65, 66, 158–63
SGA/Aintree™ technique 376
shock, types of 43
short orientation memory concentration test (SOMCT) score 207
shunt 295
Simplified Acute Physiology Score 2 (SAPS 2) 13
simulation training 23
sirolimus 29
six-minute walk test 279
sixth nerve palsy 219
small-for-size syndrome 325
smoke inhalation 61
spinal anaesthesia
elderly 126
neonates 171
TURP 366
spray-as-you-go technique 257, 380, 385, 390
statins 281
stent insertion 281
steroids
croup 430
inhaled foreign body 250
stertor 423
stress response 22
subarachnoid haemorrhage 210–17, 218–20
subclavian artery stenosis 272
suck reflex 170
support for staff, post-adverse events 21–2
supraclavicular block 118
sural nerve 106
surgical Apgar score 13
suxamethonium 58, 79, 377, 411
Syntocinon® 132, 133, 134, 144
systemic hypothermia 310
systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) 64–5
systemic vascular resistance 97
T
tacrolimus 29
targeted perioperative care 11
team management, adverse events 20
telescoping 450
thermoregulation
burns patients 61
prematurity 169
thiopentone 78
three-session days 7
thromboelastography (TEG) 30, 48, 266
thromboprophylaxis
obesity 151
thyroid mass 255, 256, 257, 383–6
tibial nerve 106
total body water 169
total cystectomy with ileal conduit 351–6
total intravenous anaesthesia
paediatric airway obstruction 430
subdural haematoma 206
tracheal compression 384
tracheitis 426
tracheostomy, awake 258
transcatheter aortic valve implantation 313–18
transfusion
conservative approach 32
massive 268
transplantation
anaesthesia after renal transplantation 332–6
colorectal surgery after liver transplantation 26–35
organ retrieval surgery 337–41
transport and retrieval medicine
aeromedical transport in acute lung injury 432–8
pre-hospital management in multiple trauma 395–405
time-critical transfers by referring clinicians 414–21
transport platforms 403–5, 433–5
transport ventilators 418
transurethral resection of prostrate 362–7
trauma and resuscitation
cervical spinal injury 43, 373–7
general anaesthesia for major trauma 71–86
pre-hospital management 395–405
prioritizing treatment of injuries 74–5
trimodal distribution of death 72
treadmill test 297
Trendelenberg positioning 346, 348–9
triad of death 42
TRiM 21
‘triple H’ therapy 213
U
ultrasound
guided blocks 108–9, 110–11, 119
obstetrics 132
upper airway thermal injury 58, 61
upper limb regional anaesthesia 114–21
urine infection 358
urological sepsis 361
urology
laparoscopic radical prostatectomy 345–50
percutaneous nephrolithotomy 357–61
total cystectomy with ileal conduit 351–6
transurethral resection of prostrate 362–7
V
valve replacement surgery 302–12
transcatheter aortic valve implantation 313–18
vascular anaesthesia
abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture 263–9
aorto-femoral arterial revascularization 277–83
ventilation
brainstem-dead organ donors 338
prematurity 168
transport ventilators 418
ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI) 68–9
ventilator-associated pneumonia 61, 69
ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) 81
visual blurring 366
volatile agents
cerebral autoregulation 207
delayed recovery of consciousness 363
head injury 83
hepatic blood flow 33
von Hippel–Lindau disease 221
W
warfarin 203
well leg compartment syndrome 349
wheeze 423
work of breathing 424
wound infection, obesity 151