1. https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/canaletto-eton-college.
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College#cite_note-2.
3. G. Orwell (1941), The Lion and the Unicorn: Socialism and the English genius; http://orwell.ru/library/essays/lion/english/.
4. Sutton Trust (2012), ‘The Educational Backgrounds of the Nation’s Leading People’; http://www.suttontrust.com/researcharchive/the-educational-backgrounds-of-the-nations-leading-people/.
5. http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/mar/15/michael-gove-old-etonians-conservative-david-cameron.
6. Paul Weller on David Cameron’s love for The Jam’s ‘Eton Rifles’: ‘Which Bit Didn’t You Get?’, New Musical Express, 25 April 2015; http://www.nme.com/news/music/paul-weller-12-1211374.
7. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/conservative/11789390/Boris-Johnson-Tories-must-smash-down-barriers-to-social-mobility.html.
8. A. Reeves, S. Friedman, C. Rahal and M. Flemmen (2017), ‘The Decline and Persistence of the Old Boy: Private schools and elite recruitment 1897–2016’, American Sociological Review, forthcoming. The Clarendon schools are Eton, Charterhouse, Harrow, Rugby, Shrewsbury, Westminster, Winchester, St Paul’s and Merchant Taylors’.
9. Sutton Trust (2012), ‘The Educational Backgrounds of the Nation’s Leading People’. ‘The Arts’ includes fine art, fashion, dance, museums and galleries.
10. Sutton Trust (2016), ‘Leading People 2016’; http://www.suttontrust.com/researcharchive/leading-people-2016/.
11. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/conservative/10439303/Truly-shocking-that-the-private-school-educated-and-affluent-middle-class-still-run-Britain-says-Sir-John-Major.html.
12. Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission (2014), ‘Elitist Britain’, report, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/347915/Elitist_Britain_-_Final.pdf.
13. Sutton Trust (2012), ‘Olympic Winners’; http://www.suttontrust.com/newsarchive/third-british-olympic-winners-privately-educated/.
14. Piers Morgan, ‘The 100 British Celebrities Who Really Matter’, Daily Mail, 12 March 2010; http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/moslive/article-1255806/The-100-British-celebrities-really-matter-Piers-Morgan-10-1.html.
15. Sutton Trust (2014), ‘Pathways to Banking’; http://www.suttontrust.com/researcharchive/pathways-banking/.
16. Sutton Trust (2016), ‘Leading People 2016’.
17. Ibid.
18. Sutton Trust (2006), ‘Educational Backgrounds of Leading Journalists’; http://www.suttontrust.com/researcharchive/educational-backgrounds-leading-journalists/.
19. http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/politics/article4651642.ece.
20. Sutton Trust (2010), ‘The Educational Backgrounds of Members of Parliament in 2010’; http://www.suttontrust.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/1MPs_educational_backgrounds_2010_A.pdf.
21. Sutton Trust (2015), ‘Parliamentary Privilege’; http://www.suttontrust.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Parliamentary-Privilege-The-MPs-2015-2.pdf.
22. Sutton Trust (2016), ‘Cabinet Analysis’; http://www.suttontrust.com/researcharchive/the-sutton-trust-cabinet-analysis/.
23. A. Giddens and P. Stanworth (eds.) (1974), Elites and Power in British Society, Cambridge University Press.
24. Sutton Trust (2006), ‘Educational Backgrounds of Leading Journalists’.
25. http://news.sky.com/story/1671752/sheen-arts-becoming-harder-for-working-class.
26. D. O’Brien, D. Laurison, A. Miles and S. Friedman (2016), ‘Are the Creative Industries Meritocratic? An analysis of the 2014 British Labour Force Survey’, Cultural Trends 25, 116–31.
27. Sutton Trust (2014), ‘Pathways to Banking’.
28. Cabinet Office (2016), ‘Socio-economic Diversity in the Fast Stream: The Bridge report’; https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/socio-economic-diversity-in-the-fast-stream-the-bridge-report.
29. A. Halsey, A. Heath and A. Ridge (1984), ‘The Political Arithmetic of Public Schools’ in G. Walford (ed.), The British Public School: Policy and practice, Falmer Press.
30. http://www.isc.co.uk/media/3584/year_13_exam_results_2016_infographic.pdf. ISC schools educate about 80 per cent of the total number of private school pupils in the UK.
31. F. Njadi, J. Little and R. Coe (2016), ‘A Comparison of Academic Achievement in Independent and State Schools’, Centre for Evaluation and Monitoring, Durham University; https://www.isc.co.uk/media/3140/16_02_26-cem-durham-university-academic-value-added-research.pdf.
32. Sutton Trust (2011), ‘Degrees of Success’; http://www.suttontrust.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/sutton-trust-he-destination-report-final.pdf.
33. There were only 130 free school meals pupils out of 16,110 Oxbridge students in total – whereas nearly half the intake came from independent schools; http://www.suttontrust.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/access-proposals-report-final.pdf.
34. Sutton Trust (2009), ‘BIS Report’; http://www.suttontrust.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/BIS_ST_report.pdf.
35. Higher Education Funding Council for England, http://www.hefce.ac.uk/media/hefce/content/pubs/2013/201315/Higher%20education%20and%20beyond%20Outcomes%20from%20full-time%20first%20degree%20study.pdf; see also http://www.suttontrust.com/newsarchive/comprehensive-pupils-outperform-independent-grammar-pupils-university-degrees/.
36. F. Green, S. Machin, R. Murphy and Y. Zhu (2011,) ‘The Changing Economic Advantage from Private Schools’, Economica 79, 658–79.
37. Ibid.
38. L. Macmillan, C. Tyler and A. Vignoles (2015), ‘Who Gets the Top Jobs? The role of family background and networks in recent graduates’, Journal of Social Policy 44, 487–515.
39. Sutton Trust (2008), ‘University Admissions by Individual Schools’; http://www.suttontrust.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/UniversityAdmissions.pdf.
40. L. Ashley, J. Duberley, H. Sommerlad and D. Scholarios (2015), ‘A Qualitative Evaluation of Non-educational Barriers to the Elite Professions’, Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission report; https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/434791/A_qualitative_evaluation_of_non-educational_barriers_to_the_elite_professions.pdf.
41. http://futurefirst.org.uk/blog/2014/07/04/future-first-david-laws-state-schools-missing-out-on-100m-of-alumni-donations/.
42. Former Prime Minister David Cameron, former Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne, former Mayor of London Boris Johnson and BBC journalist David Dimbleby are all former members; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullingdon_Club.
43. http://life.spectator.co.uk/2015/09/etons-recipe-for-success/.
44. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationnews/11579752/Eton-head-Private-schools-too-expensive.html.
45. Sutton Trust (2016), ‘Leading People 2016’.
46. R. Coe et al. (2014), What Makes Great Teaching? Review of the underpinning research, Sutton Trust; http://www.suttontrust.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/What-Makes-Great-Teaching-REPORT.pdf.
47. Independent Schools Council survey; http://www.isc.co.uk/media/2661/isc_census_2015_final.pdf.
48. http://www.etoncollege.com/CurrentFees.aspx.
49. http://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/personalandhouseholdfinances/incomeandwealth/bulletins/nowcastinghouseholdincomeintheuk/2015-10-28.
50. https://www.killik.com/search/?q=private+school; http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/news/article-2714121/The-cost-sending-two-children-private-school-As-fees-rocket-experts-advise-planning-early-applying-scholarships.html.
51. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationnews/11639293/Private-school-fees-at-their-least-affordable-since-the-1960s-research-shows.html.
52. http://www.spectator.co.uk/2013/11/five-star-schools/.
53. Sutton Trust (2010), ‘Fee Remissions and Bursaries in Independent Schools’; http://www.suttontrust.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/finalbursariesreportstaffs.pdf.
54. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/347915/Elitist_Britain_-_Final.pdf.
55. M. Young (1958), The Rise of the Meritocracy, Pelican.
56. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/162402.stm.