Solomon Asks for Wisdom
1:2-13pp — 1Ki 3:4-15
1:14-17pp — 1Ki 10:26-29; 2Ch 9:25-28
1Solomon son of David establisheda himself firmly over his kingdom, for the LORD his God was withb him and made him exceedingly great.c
2Then Solomon spoke to all Israeld—to the commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds, to the judges and to all the leaders in Israel, the heads of families— 3and Solomon and the whole assembly went to the high place at Gibeon,e for God’s tent of meetingf was there, which Mosesg the LORD’s servant had made in the wilderness. 4Now David had brought up the arkh of God from Kiriath Jearim to the place he had prepared for it, because he had pitched a tenti for it in Jerusalem. 5But the bronze altarj that Bezalelk son of Uri, the son of Hur, had made was in Gibeon in front of the tabernacle of the LORD; so Solomon and the assembly inquiredl of him there. 6Solomon went up to the bronze altar before the LORD in the tent of meeting and offered a thousand burnt offerings on it.
7That night God appearedm to Solomon and said to him, “Ask for whatever you want me to give you.”
8Solomon answered God, “You have shown great kindness to David my father and have made men king in his place. 9Now, LORD God, let your promiseo to my father David be confirmed, for you have made me king over a people who are as numerous as the dust of the earth.p 10Give me wisdom and knowledge, that I may leadq this people, for who is able to govern this great people of yours?”
11God said to Solomon, “Since this is your heart’s desire and you have not asked for wealth,r possessions or honor, nor for the death of your enemies, and since you have not asked for a long life but for wisdom and knowledge to govern my people over whom I have made you king, 12therefore wisdom and knowledge will be given you. And I will also give you wealth, possessions and honor,s such as no king who was before you ever had and none after you will have.t”
13Then Solomon went to Jerusalem from the high place at Gibeon, from before the tent of meeting. And he reigned over Israel.
14Solomon accumulated chariotsu and horses; he had fourteen hundred chariots and twelve thousand horses,1 which he kept in the chariot cities and also with him in Jerusalem. 15The king made silver and goldv as common in Jerusalem as stones, and cedar as plentiful as sycamore-fig trees in the foothills. 16Solomon’s horses were imported from Egypt and from Kue2—the royal merchants purchased them from Kue at the current price. 17They imported a chariotw from Egypt for six hundred shekels3 of silver, and a horse for a hundred and fifty.4 They also exported them to all the kings of the Hittites and of the Arameans.
Preparations for Building the Temple
2:1-18pp — 1Ki 5:1-16
1Solomon gave orders to build a templea for the Name of the LORD and a royal palace for himself.b 2He conscripted 70,000 men as carriers and 80,000 as stonecutters in the hills and 3,600 as foremen over them.c
3Solomon sent this message to Hiram2,d king of Tyre:
“Send me cedar logse as you did for my father David when you sent him cedar to build a palace to live in. 4Now I am about to build a templef for the Name of the LORD my God and to dedicate it to him for burning fragrant incenseg before him, for setting out the consecrated breadh regularly, and for making burnt offeringsi every morning and evening and on the Sabbaths,j at the New Moonsk and at the appointed festivals of the LORD our God. This is a lasting ordinance for Israel.
5“The temple I am going to build will be great,l because our God is greater than all other gods.m 6But who is able to build a temple for him, since the heavens, even the highest heavens, cannot contain him?n Who then am Io to build a temple for him, except as a place to burn sacrifices before him?
7“Send me, therefore, a man skilled to work in gold and silver, bronze and iron, and in purple, crimson and blue yarn, and experienced in the art of engraving, to work in Judah and Jerusalem with my skilled workers,p whom my father David provided.
8“Send me also cedar, juniper and algum3 logs from Lebanon, for I know that your servants are skilled in cutting timber there. My servants will work with yours 9to provide me with plenty of lumber, because the temple I build must be large and magnificent. 10I will give your servants, the woodsmen who cut the timber, twenty thousand cors4 of ground wheat, twenty thousand cors5 of barley, twenty thousand baths6 of wine and twenty thousand baths of olive oil.q”
11Hiram king of Tyre replied by letter to Solomon:
“Because the LORD lovesr his people, he has made you their king.”
12And Hiram added:
“Praise be to the LORD, the God of Israel, who made heaven and earth!s He has given King David a wise son, endowed with intelligence and discernment, who will build a temple for the LORD and a palace for himself.
13“I am sending you Huram-Abi,t a man of great skill, 14whose mother was from Danu and whose father was from Tyre. He is trainedv to work in gold and silver, bronze and iron, stone and wood, and with purple and bluew and crimson yarn and fine linen. He is experienced in all kinds of engraving and can execute any design given to him. He will work with your skilled workers and with those of my lord, David your father.
15“Now let my lord send his servants the wheat and barley and the olive oilx and wine he promised, 16and we will cut all the logs from Lebanon that you need and will float them as rafts by sea down to Joppa.y You can then take them up to Jerusalem.”
17Solomon took a census of all the foreignersz residing in Israel, after the censusa his father David had taken; and they were found to be 153,600. 18He assignedb 70,000 of them to be carriers and 80,000 to be stonecutters in the hills, with 3,600 foremen over them to keep the people working.
Solomon Builds the Temple
3:1-14pp — 1Ki 6:1-29
1Then Solomon began to builda the temple of the LORDb in Jerusalem on Mount Moriah, where the LORD had appeared to his father David. It was on the threshing floor of Araunah1,c the Jebusite, the place provided by David. 2He began building on the second day of the second month in the fourth year of his reign.d
3The foundation Solomon laid for building the temple of God was sixty cubits long and twenty cubits wide2,e (using the cubit of the old standard). 4The portico at the front of the temple was twenty cubits3 long across the width of the building and twenty4 cubits high.
He overlaid the inside with pure gold. 5He paneled the main hall with juniper and covered it with fine gold and decorated it with palm treef and chain designs. 6He adorned the temple with precious stones. And the gold he used was gold of Parvaim. 7He overlaid the ceiling beams, doorframes, walls and doors of the temple with gold, and he carved cherubimg on the walls.
8He built the Most Holy Place,h its length corresponding to the width of the temple—twenty cubits long and twenty cubits wide. He overlaid the inside with six hundred talents5 of fine gold. 9The gold nailsi weighed fifty shekels.6 He also overlaid the upper parts with gold.
10For the Most Holy Place he made a pairj of sculptured cherubim and overlaid them with gold. 11The total wingspan of the cherubim was twenty cubits. One wing of the first cherub was five cubits7 long and touched the temple wall, while its other wing, also five cubits long, touched the wing of the other cherub. 12Similarly one wing of the second cherub was five cubits long and touched the other temple wall, and its other wing, also five cubits long, touched the wing of the first cherub. 13The wings of these cherubimk extended twenty cubits. They stood on their feet, facing the main hall.8
14He made the curtainl of blue, purple and crimson yarn and fine linen, with cherubimm worked into it.
15For the front of the temple he made two pillars,n which together were thirty-five cubits9 long, each with a capitalo five cubits high. 16He made interwoven chains10,p and put them on top of the pillars. He also made a hundred pomegranatesq and attached them to the chains. 17He erected the pillars in the front of the temple, one to the south and one to the north. The one to the south he named Jakin11 and the one to the north Boaz.12
The Temple’s Furnishings
4:2-6,10–5:1pp — 1Ki 7:23-26,38-51
1He made a bronze altara twenty cubits long, twenty cubits wide and ten cubits high.1 2He made the Seab of cast metal, circular in shape, measuring ten cubits from rim to rim and five cubits2 high. It took a line of thirty cubits3 to measure around it. 3Below the rim, figures of bulls encircled it—ten to a cubit.4 The bulls were cast in two rows in one piece with the Sea. Map: David and Solomon’s Empire
4The Sea stood on twelve bulls, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south and three facing east.c The Sea rested on top of them, and their hindquarters were toward the center. 5It was a handbreadth5 in thickness, and its rim was like the rim of a cup, like a lily blossom. It held three thousand baths.6
6He then made ten basinsd for washing and placed five on the south side and five on the north. In them the things to be used for the burnt offeringse were rinsed, but the Sea was to be used by the priests for washing.
7He made ten gold lampstandsf according to the specificationsg for them and placed them in the temple, five on the south side and five on the north.
8He made ten tablesh and placed them in the temple, five on the south side and five on the north. He also made a hundred gold sprinkling bowls.i
9He made the courtyardj of the priests, and the large court and the doors for the court, and overlaid the doors with bronze. 10He placed the Sea on the south side, at the southeast corner.
11And Huram also made the pots and shovels and sprinkling bowls.
So Huram finishedk the work he had undertaken for King Solomon in the temple of God:
12the two pillars;
the two bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars;
the two sets of network decorating the two bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars;
13the four hundred pomegranates for the two sets of network (two rows of pomegranates for each network, decorating the bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars); Photo
14the standsl with their basins;
15the Sea and the twelve bulls under it;
16the pots, shovels, meat forks and all related articles.
All the objects that Huram-Abim made for King Solomon for the temple of the LORD were of polished bronze. 17The king had them cast in clay molds in the plain of the Jordan between Sukkothn and Zarethan.7 18All these things that Solomon made amounted to so much that the weight of the bronzeo could not be calculated.
19Solomon also made all the furnishings that were in God’s temple:
the golden altar;
the tablesp on which was the bread of the Presence;
20the lampstandsq of pure gold with their lamps, to burn in front of the inner sanctuary as prescribed;
21the gold floral work and lamps and tongs (they were solid gold);
22the pure gold wick trimmers, sprinkling bowls, dishesr and censers;s and the gold doors of the temple: the inner doors to the Most Holy Place and the doors of the main hall.
1When all the work Solomon had done for the temple of the LORD was finished,a he brought in the things his father David had dedicatedb—the silver and gold and all the furnishings—and he placed them in the treasuries of God’s temple.
The Ark Brought to the Temple
5:2–6:11pp — 1Ki 8:1-21
2Then Solomon summoned to Jerusalem the elders of Israel, all the heads of the tribes and the chiefs of the Israelite families, to bring up the arkc of the LORD’s covenant from Zion, the City of David. 3And all the Israelitesd came together to the king at the time of the festival in the seventh month.
4When all the elders of Israel had arrived, the Levites took up the ark, 5and they brought up the ark and the tent of meeting and all the sacred furnishings in it. The Levitical priestse carried them up; 6and King Solomon and the entire assembly of Israel that had gathered about him were before the ark, sacrificing so many sheep and cattle that they could not be recorded or counted.
7The priests then brought the arkf of the LORD’s covenant to its place in the inner sanctuary of the temple, the Most Holy Place, and put it beneath the wings of the cherubim. 8The cherubimg spread their wings over the place of the ark and covered the ark and its carrying poles. 9These poles were so long that their ends, extending from the ark, could be seen from in front of the inner sanctuary, but not from outside the Holy Place; and they are still there today. 10There was nothing in the ark excepth the two tabletsi that Moses had placed in it at Horeb, where the LORD made a covenant with the Israelites after they came out of Egypt.
11The priests then withdrew from the Holy Place. All the priests who were there had consecrated themselves, regardless of their divisions.j 12All the Levites who were musiciansk—Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun and their sons and relatives—stood on the east side of the altar, dressed in fine linen and playing cymbals, harps and lyres. They were accompanied by 120 priests sounding trumpets.l 13The trumpeters and musicians joined in unison to give praise and thanks to the LORD. Accompanied by trumpets, cymbals and other instruments, the singers raised their voices in praise to the LORD and sang:
“He is good;
his love endures forever.”m
Then the temple of the LORD was filled with the cloud,n 14and the priests could not performo their service because of the cloud,p for the gloryq of the LORD filled the temple of God.
1Then Solomon said, “The LORD has said that he would dwell in a dark cloud;a 2I have built a magnificent temple for you, a place for you to dwell forever.b”
3While the whole assembly of Israel was standing there, the king turned around and blessed them. 4Then he said:
“Praise be to the LORD, the God of Israel, who with his hands has fulfilled what he promised with his mouth to my father David. For he said, 5‘Since the day I brought my people out of Egypt, I have not chosen a city in any tribe of Israel to have a temple built so that my Name might be there, nor have I chosen anyone to be ruler over my people Israel. 6But now I have chosen Jerusalemc for my Named to be there, and I have chosen Davide to rule my people Israel.’
7“My father David had it in his heartf to build a temple for the Name of the LORD, the God of Israel. 8But the LORD said to my father David, ‘You did well to have it in your heart to build a temple for my Name. 9Nevertheless, you are not the one to build the temple, but your son, your own flesh and blood—he is the one who will build the temple for my Name.’
10“The LORD has kept the promise he made. I have succeeded David my father and now I sit on the throne of Israel, just as the LORD promised, and I have built the temple for the Name of the LORD, the God of Israel. 11There I have placed the ark, in which is the covenantg of the LORD that he made with the people of Israel.”
Solomon’s Prayer of Dedication
6:12-40pp — 1Ki 8:22-53
6:41-42pp — Ps 132:8-10
12Then Solomon stood before the altar of the LORD in front of the whole assembly of Israel and spread out his hands. 13Now he had made a bronze platform,h five cubits long, five cubits wide and three cubits high,1 and had placed it in the center of the outer court. He stood on the platform and then knelt downi before the whole assembly of Israel and spread out his hands toward heaven. 14He said:
“LORD, the God of Israel, there is no God like youj in heaven or on earth—you who keep your covenant of lovek with your servants who continue wholeheartedly in your way. 15You have kept your promise to your servant David my father; with your mouth you have promisedl and with your hand you have fulfilled it—as it is today.
16“Now, LORD, the God of Israel, keep for your servant David my father the promises you made to him when you said, ‘You shall never failm to have a successor to sit before me on the throne of Israel, if only your descendants are careful in all they do to walk before me according to my law,n as you have done.’ 17And now, LORD, the God of Israel, let your word that you promised your servant David come true.
18“But will God really dwello on earth with humans? The heavens,p even the highest heavens, cannot contain you. How much less this temple I have built! 19Yet, LORD my God, give attention to your servant’s prayer and his plea for mercy. Hear the cry and the prayer that your servant is praying in your presence. 20May your eyesq be open toward this temple day and night, this place of which you said you would put your Namer there. May you hears the prayer your servant prays toward this place. 21Hear the supplications of your servant and of your people Israel when they pray toward this place. Hear from heaven, your dwelling place; and when you hear, forgive.t
22“When anyone wrongs their neighbor and is required to take an oathu and they come and swear the oath before your altar in this temple, 23then hear from heaven and act. Judge between your servants, condemningv the guilty and bringing down on their heads what they have done, and vindicating the innocent by treating them in accordance with their innocence.
24“When your people Israel have been defeatedw by an enemy because they have sinned against you and when they turn back and give praise to your name, praying and making supplication before you in this temple, 25then hear from heaven and forgive the sin of your people Israel and bring them back to the land you gave to them and their ancestors.
26“When the heavens are shut up and there is no rainx because your people have sinned against you, and when they pray toward this place and give praise to your name and turn from their sin because you have afflicted them, 27then hear from heaven and forgivey the sin of your servants, your people Israel. Teach them the right way to live, and send rain on the land you gave your people for an inheritance.
28“When faminez or plague comes to the land, or blight or mildew, locusts or grasshoppers, or when enemies besiege them in any of their cities, whatever disaster or disease may come, 29and when a prayer or plea is made by anyone among your people Israel—being aware of their afflictions and pains, and spreading out their hands toward this temple— 30then hear from heaven, your dwelling place. Forgive,a and deal with everyone according to all they do, since you know their hearts (for you alone know the human heart),b 31so that they will fear youc and walk in obedience to you all the time they live in the land you gave our ancestors.
32“As for the foreigner who does not belong to your people Israel but has comed from a distant land because of your great name and your mighty hande and your outstretched arm—when they come and pray toward this temple, 33then hear from heaven, your dwelling place. Do whatever the foreignerf asks of you, so that all the peoples of the earth may know your name and fear you, as do your own people Israel, and may know that this house I have built bears your Name.
34“When your people go to war against their enemies,g wherever you send them, and when they prayh to you toward this city you have chosen and the temple I have built for your Name, 35then hear from heaven their prayer and their plea, and uphold their cause.
36“When they sin against you—for there is no one who does not sini—and you become angry with them and give them over to the enemy, who takes them captivej to a land far away or near; 37and if they have a change of heartk in the land where they are held captive, and repent and plead with you in the land of their captivity and say, ‘We have sinned, we have done wrong and acted wickedly’; 38and if they turn back to you with all their heart and soul in the land of their captivity where they were taken, and pray toward the land you gave their ancestors, toward the city you have chosen and toward the temple I have built for your Name; 39then from heaven, your dwelling place, hear their prayer and their pleas, and uphold their cause. And forgivel your people, who have sinned against you.
40“Now, my God, may your eyes be open and your ears attentivem to the prayers offered in this place.
41“Now arise,n LORD God, and come to your resting place,o
you and the ark of your might.
May your priests,p LORD God, be clothed with salvation,
may your faithful people rejoice in your goodness.q
42LORD God, do not reject your anointed one.r
Remember the great loves promised to David your servant.”
The Dedication of the Temple
7:1-10pp — 1Ki 8:62-66
1When Solomon finished praying, firea came down from heaven and consumed the burnt offering and the sacrifices, and the glory of the LORD filledb the temple.c 2The priests could not enterd the temple of the LORD because the glorye of the LORD filled it. 3When all the Israelites saw the fire coming down and the glory of the LORD above the temple, they knelt on the pavement with their faces to the ground, and they worshiped and gave thanks to the LORD, saying,
“He is good;
his love endures forever.”f
4Then the king and all the people offered sacrifices before the LORD. 5And King Solomon offered a sacrifice of twenty-two thousand head of cattle and a hundred and twenty thousand sheep and goats. So the king and all the people dedicated the temple of God. 6The priests took their positions, as did the Levitesg with the LORD’s musical instruments,h which King David had made for praising the LORD and which were used when he gave thanks, saying, “His love endures forever.” Opposite the Levites, the priests blew their trumpets, and all the Israelites were standing.
7Solomon consecrated the middle part of the courtyard in front of the temple of the LORD, and there he offered burnt offerings and the fati of the fellowship offerings, because the bronze altar he had made could not hold the burnt offerings, the grain offerings and the fat portions.
8So Solomon observed the festivalj at that time for seven days, and all Israelk with him—a vast assembly, people from Lebo Hamathl to the Wadi of Egypt.m 9On the eighth day they held an assembly, for they had celebratedn the dedication of the altar for seven days and the festivalo for seven days more. 10On the twenty-third day of the seventh month he sent the people to their homes, joyful and glad in heart for the good things the LORD had done for David and Solomon and for his people Israel.
The LORD Appears to Solomon
7:11-22pp — 1Ki 9:1-9
11When Solomon had finishedp the temple of the LORD and the royal palace, and had succeeded in carrying out all he had in mind to do in the temple of the LORD and in his own palace, 12the LORD appearedq to him at night and said:
“I have heard your prayer and have chosenr this place for myselfs as a temple for sacrifices.
13“When I shut up the heavens so that there is no rain,t or command locusts to devour the land or send a plague among my people, 14if my people, who are called by my name,u will humblev themselves and pray and seek my facew and turnx from their wicked ways, then I will heary from heaven, and I will forgivez their sin and will heala their land. 15Now my eyes will be open and my ears attentive to the prayers offered in this place.b 16I have chosenc and consecrated this temple so that my Name may be there forever. My eyes and my heart will always be there.
17“As for you, if you walk before me faithfullyd as David your father did, and do all I command, and observe my decreese and laws, 18I will establish your royal throne, as I covenantedf with David your father when I said, ‘You shall never fail to have a successorg to rule over Israel.’h
19“But if you1 turn awayi and forsakej the decrees and commands I have given you2 and go off to serve other gods and worship them, 20then I will uprootk Israel from my land,l which I have given them, and will reject this temple I have consecrated for my Name. I will make it a byword and an object of ridiculem among all peoples. 21This temple will become a heap of rubble. All3 who pass by will be appalledn and say,o ‘Why has the LORD done such a thing to this land and to this temple?’ 22People will answer, ‘Because they have forsaken the LORD, the God of their ancestors, who brought them out of Egypt, and have embraced other gods, worshiping and serving themp—that is why he brought all this disaster on them.’ ”
Solomon’s Other Activities
8:1-18pp — 1Ki 9:10-28
1At the end of twenty years, during which Solomon built the temple of the LORD and his own palace,a 2Solomon rebuilt the villages that Hiram1 had given him, and settled Israelites in them. 3Solomon then went to Hamath Zobah and captured it. 4He also built up Tadmor in the desert and all the store cities he had built in Hamath.b 5He rebuilt Upper Beth Horonc and Lower Beth Horon as fortified cities, with walls and with gates and bars, 6as well as Baalathd and all his store cities, and all the cities for his chariots and for his horses2—whatever he desired to build in Jerusalem, in Lebanon and throughout all the territory he ruled.
7There were still people left from the Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusitese (these people were not Israelites). 8Solomon conscriptedf the descendants of all these people remaining in the land—whom the Israelites had not destroyed—to serve as slave labor, as it is to this day. 9But Solomon did not make slaves of the Israelites for his work; they were his fighting men, commanders of his captains, and commanders of his chariots and charioteers. 10They were also King Solomon’s chief officials—two hundred and fifty officials supervising the men.
11Solomon brought Pharaoh’s daughterg up from the City of David to the palace he had built for her, for he said, “My wife must not live in the palace of David king of Israel, because the places the ark of the LORD has entered are holy.”
12On the altarh of the LORD that he had built in front of the portico, Solomon sacrificed burnt offerings to the LORD, 13according to the daily requirementi for offerings commanded by Moses for the Sabbaths,j the New Moonsk and the threel annual festivals—the Festival of Unleavened Bread,m the Festival of Weeksn and the Festival of Tabernacles.o 14In keeping with the ordinance of his father David, he appointed the divisionsp of the priests for their duties, and the Levitesq to lead the praise and to assist the priests according to each day’s requirement. He also appointed the gatekeepersr by divisions for the various gates, because this was what David the man of Gods had ordered.t 15They did not deviate from the king’s commands to the priests or to the Levites in any matter, including that of the treasuries.
16All Solomon’s work was carried out, from the day the foundation of the temple of the LORD was laid until its completion. So the temple of the LORD was finished.
17Then Solomon went to Ezion Geber and Elath on the coast of Edom. 18And Hiram sent him ships commanded by his own men, sailors who knew the sea. These, with Solomon’s men, sailed to Ophir and brought back four hundred and fifty talents3 of gold,u which they delivered to King Solomon.
The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon
9:1-12pp — 1Ki 10:1-13
1When the queen of Shebaa heard of Solomon’s fame, she came to Jerusalem to test him with hard questions. Arriving with a very great caravan—with camels carrying spices, large quantities of gold, and precious stones—she came to Solomon and talked with him about all she had on her mind. 2Solomon answered all her questions; nothing was too hard for him to explain to her. 3When the queen of Sheba saw the wisdom of Solomon,b as well as the palace he had built, 4the food on his table, the seating of his officials, the attending servants in their robes, the cupbearers in their robes and the burnt offerings he made at1 the temple of the LORD, she was overwhelmed.
5She said to the king, “The report I heard in my own country about your achievements and your wisdom is true. 6But I did not believe what they said until I camec and saw with my own eyes. Indeed, not even half the greatness of your wisdom was told me; you have far exceeded the report I heard. 7How happy your people must be! How happy your officials, who continually stand before you and hear your wisdom! 8Praise be to the LORD your God, who has delighted in you and placed you on his throned as king to rule for the LORD your God. Because of the love of your God for Israel and his desire to uphold them forever, he has made you kinge over them, to maintain justice and righteousness.”
9Then she gave the king 120 talents2 of gold,f large quantities of spices, and precious stones. There had never been such spices as those the queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon.
10(The servants of Hiram and the servants of Solomon brought gold from Ophir;g they also brought algumwood3 and precious stones. 11The king used the algumwood to make steps for the temple of the LORD and for the royal palace, and to make harps and lyres for the musicians. Nothing like them had ever been seen in Judah.)
12King Solomon gave the queen of Sheba all she desired and asked for; he gave her more than she had brought to him. Then she left and returned with her retinue to her own country.
Solomon’s Splendor
9:13-28pp — 1Ki 10:14-29; 2Ch 1:14-17
13The weight of the gold that Solomon received yearly was 666 talents,4 14not including the revenues brought in by merchants and traders. Also all the kings of Arabiah and the governors of the territories brought gold and silver to Solomon.
15King Solomon made two hundred large shields of hammered gold; six hundred shekels5 of hammered gold went into each shield. 16He also made three hundred small shieldsi of hammered gold, with three hundred shekels6 of gold in each shield. The king put them in the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.j
17Then the king made a great throne covered with ivoryk and overlaid with pure gold. 18The throne had six steps, and a footstool of gold was attached to it. On both sides of the seat were armrests, with a lion standing beside each of them. 19Twelve lions stood on the six steps, one at either end of each step. Nothing like it had ever been made for any other kingdom. 20All King Solomon’s goblets were gold, and all the household articles in the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon were pure gold. Nothing was made of silver, because silver was considered of little value in Solomon’s day. 21The king had a fleet of trading ships7 manned by Hiram’s8 servants. Once every three years it returned, carrying gold, silver and ivory, and apes and baboons.
22King Solomon was greater in riches and wisdom than all the other kings of the earth.l 23All the kingsm of the earth sought audience with Solomon to hear the wisdom God had put in his heart. 24Year after year, everyone who came brought a giftn—articles of silver and gold, and robes, weapons and spices, and horses and mules.
25Solomon had four thousand stalls for horses and chariots,o and twelve thousand horses,9 which he kept in the chariot cities and also with him in Jerusalem. 26He ruledp over all the kings from the Euphrates Riverq to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt.r 27The king made silver as common in Jerusalem as stones, and cedar as plentiful as sycamore-fig trees in the foothills. 28Solomon’s horses were imported from Egypt and from all other countries.
Solomon’s Death
9:29-31pp — 1Ki 11:41-43
29As for the other events of Solomon’s reign, from beginning to end, are they not written in the records of Nathans the prophet, in the prophecy of Ahijaht the Shilonite and in the visions of Iddo the seer concerning Jeroboamu son of Nebat? 30Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel forty years. 31Then he rested with his ancestors and was buried in the city of Davidv his father. And Rehoboam his son succeeded him as king.
Israel Rebels Against Rehoboam
10:1–11:4pp — 1Ki 12:1-24
1Rehoboam went to Shechem, for all Israel had gone there to make him king. 2When Jeroboama son of Nebat heard this (he was in Egypt, where he had fledb from King Solomon), he returned from Egypt. 3So they sent for Jeroboam, and he and all Israelc went to Rehoboam and said to him: 4“Your father put a heavy yoke on us,d but now lighten the harsh labor and the heavy yoke he put on us, and we will serve you.”
5Rehoboam answered, “Come back to me in three days.” So the people went away.
6Then King Rehoboam consulted the elderse who had served his father Solomon during his lifetime. “How would you advise me to answer these people?” he asked.
7They replied, “If you will be kind to these people and please them and give them a favorable answer,f they will always be your servants.”
8But Rehoboam rejectedg the advice the eldersh gave him and consulted the young men who had grown up with him and were serving him. 9He asked them, “What is your advice? How should we answer these people who say to me, ‘Lighten the yoke your father put on us’?”
10The young men who had grown up with him replied, “The people have said to you, ‘Your father put a heavy yoke on us, but make our yoke lighter.’ Now tell them, ‘My little finger is thicker than my father’s waist. 11My father laid on you a heavy yoke; I will make it even heavier. My father scourged you with whips; I will scourge you with scorpions.’ ”
12Three days later Jeroboam and all the people returned to Rehoboam, as the king had said, “Come back to me in three days.” 13The king answered them harshly. Rejecting the advice of the elders, 14he followed the advice of the young men and said, “My father made your yoke heavy; I will make it even heavier. My father scourged you with whips; I will scourge you with scorpions.” 15So the king did not listen to the people, for this turn of events was from God,i to fulfill the word the LORD had spoken to Jeroboam son of Nebat through Ahijah the Shilonite.j
16When all Israelk saw that the king refused to listen to them, they answered the king:
“What share do we have in David,l
what part in Jesse’s son?
To your tents, Israel!
Look after your own house, David!”
So all the Israelites went home. 17But as for the Israelites who were living in the towns of Judah, Rehoboam still ruled over them.
18King Rehoboam sent out Adoniram,1,m who was in charge of forced labor, but the Israelites stoned him to death. King Rehoboam, however, managed to get into his chariot and escape to Jerusalem. 19So Israel has been in rebellion against the house of David to this day.
1When Rehoboam arrived in Jerusalem,a he mustered Judah and Benjamin—a hundred and eighty thousand able young men—to go to war against Israel and to regain the kingdom for Rehoboam.
2But this word of the LORD came to Shemaiahb the man of God: 3“Say to Rehoboam son of Solomon king of Judah and to all Israel in Judah and Benjamin, 4‘This is what the LORD says: Do not go up to fight against your fellow Israelites.c Go home, every one of you, for this is my doing.’ ” So they obeyed the words of the LORD and turned back from marching against Jeroboam.
Rehoboam Fortifies Judah
5Rehoboam lived in Jerusalem and built up towns for defense in Judah: 6Bethlehem, Etam, Tekoa, 7Beth Zur, Soko, Adullam, 8Gath, Mareshah, Ziph, 9Adoraim, Lachish, Azekah, 10Zorah, Aijalon and Hebron. These were fortified citiesd in Judah and Benjamin. 11He strengthened their defenses and put commanders in them, with supplies of food, olive oil and wine. 12He put shields and spears in all the cities, and made them very strong. So Judah and Benjamin were his.
13The priests and Levites from all their districts throughout Israel sided with him. 14The Levitese even abandoned their pasturelands and propertyf and came to Judah and Jerusalem, because Jeroboam and his sons had rejected them as priests of the LORD 15when he appointedg his own priestsh for the high places and for the goati and calfj idols he had made. 16Those from every tribe of Israelk who set their hearts on seeking the LORD, the God of Israel, followed the Levites to Jerusalem to offer sacrifices to the LORD, the God of their ancestors. 17They strengthenedl the kingdom of Judah and supported Rehoboam son of Solomon three years, following the ways of David and Solomon during this time.
Rehoboam’s Family
18Rehoboam married Mahalath, who was the daughter of David’s son Jerimoth and of Abihail, the daughter of Jesse’s son Eliab. 19She bore him sons: Jeush, Shemariah and Zaham. 20Then he married Maakahm daughter of Absalom, who bore him Abijah,n Attai, Ziza and Shelomith. 21Rehoboam loved Maakah daughter of Absalom more than any of his other wives and concubines. In all, he had eighteen wiveso and sixty concubines, twenty-eight sons and sixty daughters.
22Rehoboam appointed Abijahp son of Maakah as crown prince among his brothers, in order to make him king. 23He acted wisely, dispersing some of his sons throughout the districts of Judah and Benjamin, and to all the fortified cities. He gave them abundant provisionsq and took many wives for them.
Shishak Attacks Jerusalem
1After Rehoboam’s position as king was establisheda and he had become strong,b he and all Israel1,c with him abandonedd the law of the LORD. 2Because they had been unfaithfule to the LORD, Shishakf king of Egypt attacked Jerusalem in the fifth year of King Rehoboam. 3With twelve hundred chariots and sixty thousand horsemen and the innumerable troops of Libyans,g Sukkites and Cushites2,h that came with him from Egypt, 4he captured the fortified citiesi of Judah and came as far as Jerusalem. Photo
5Then the prophet Shemaiahj came to Rehoboam and to the leaders of Judah who had assembled in Jerusalem for fear of Shishak, and he said to them, “This is what the LORD says, ‘You have abandoned me; therefore, I now abandonk you to Shishak.’ ”
6The leaders of Israel and the king humbledl themselves and said, “The LORD is just.”m
7When the LORD saw that they humbled themselves, this word of the LORD came to Shemaiah: “Since they have humbled themselves, I will not destroy them but will soon give them deliverance.n My wratho will not be poured out on Jerusalem through Shishak. 8They will, however, become subjectp to him, so that they may learn the difference between serving me and serving the kings of other lands.”
9When Shishak king of Egypt attacked Jerusalem, he carried off the treasures of the temple of the LORD and the treasures of the royal palace. He took everything, including the gold shieldsq Solomon had made. 10So King Rehoboam made bronze shields to replace them and assigned these to the commanders of the guard on duty at the entrance to the royal palace. 11Whenever the king went to the LORD’s temple, the guards went with him, bearing the shields, and afterward they returned them to the guardroom.
12Because Rehoboam humbledr himself, the LORD’s anger turned from him, and he was not totally destroyed. Indeed, there was some goods in Judah.
13King Rehoboam establishedt himself firmly in Jerusalem and continued as king. He was forty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city the LORD had chosen out of all the tribes of Israel in which to put his Name.u His mother’s name was Naamah; she was an Ammonite. 14He did evil because he had not set his heart on seeking the LORD.
15As for the events of Rehoboam’s reign, from beginning to end, are they not written in the records of Shemaiahv the prophet and of Iddo the seer that deal with genealogies? There was continual warfare between Rehoboam and Jeroboam. 16Rehoboamw rested with his ancestors and was buried in the City of David. And Abijahx his son succeeded him as king.
Abijah King of Judah
13:1-2,22–14:1pp — 1Ki 15:1-2,6-8
1In the eighteenth year of the reign of Jeroboam, Abijah became king of Judah, 2and he reigned in Jerusalem three years. His mother’s name was Maakah,1,a a daughter2 of Uriel of Gibeah.
There was war between Abijahb and Jeroboam.c 3Abijah went into battle with an army of four hundred thousand able fighting men, and Jeroboam drew up a battle line against him with eight hundred thousand able troops.
4Abijah stood on Mount Zemaraim,d in the hill country of Ephraim, and said, “Jeroboam and all Israel,e listen to me! 5Don’t you know that the LORD, the God of Israel, has given the kingship of Israel to David and his descendants foreverf by a covenant of salt?g 6Yet Jeroboam son of Nebat, an official of Solomon son of David, rebelledh against his master. 7Some worthless scoundrelsi gathered around him and opposed Rehoboam son of Solomon when he was young and indecisivej and not strong enough to resist them.
8“And now you plan to resist the kingdom of the LORD, which is in the hands of David’s descendants.k You are indeed a vast army and have with youl the golden calvesm that Jeroboam made to be your gods. 9But didn’t you drive out the priestsn of the LORD,o the sons of Aaron, and the Levites, and make priests of your own as the peoples of other lands do? Whoever comes to consecrate himself with a young bullp and seven ramsq may become a priest of what are not gods.r
10“As for us, the LORD is our God, and we have not forsaken him. The priests who serve the LORD are sons of Aaron, and the Levites assist them. 11Every morning and evenings they present burnt offerings and fragrant incenset to the LORD. They set out the bread on the ceremonially clean tableu and light the lampsv on the gold lampstand every evening. We are observing the requirements of the LORD our God. But you have forsaken him. 12God is with us; he is our leader. His priests with their trumpets will sound the battle cry against you.w People of Israel, do not fight against the LORD,x the God of your ancestors, for you will not succeed.”y
13Now Jeroboam had sent troops around to the rear, so that while he was in front of Judah the ambushz was behind them. 14Judah turned and saw that they were being attacked at both front and rear. Then they cried outa to the LORD. The priests blew their trumpets 15and the men of Judah raised the battle cry. At the sound of their battle cry, God routed Jeroboam and all Israelb before Abijah and Judah. 16The Israelites fled before Judah, and God deliveredc them into their hands. 17Abijah and his troops inflicted heavy losses on them, so that there were five hundred thousand casualties among Israel’s able men. 18The Israelites were subdued on that occasion, and the people of Judah were victorious because they reliedd on the LORD, the God of their ancestors.
19Abijah pursued Jeroboam and took from him the towns of Bethel, Jeshanah and Ephron, with their surrounding villages. 20Jeroboam did not regain power during the time of Abijah. And the LORD struck him down and he died.
21But Abijah grew in strength. He married fourteen wives and had twenty-two sons and sixteen daughters.
22The other events of Abijah’s reign, what he did and what he said, are written in the annotations of the prophet Iddo.
1And Abijah rested with his ancestors and was buried in the City of David. Asa his son succeeded him as king, and in his days the country was at peace for ten years.
Asa King of Judah
14:2-3pp — 1Ki 15:11-12
2Asa did what was good and right in the eyes of the LORD his God.a 3He removed the foreign altarsb and the high places, smashed the sacred stonesc and cut down the Asherah poles.2,d 4He commanded Judah to seek the LORD,e the God of their ancestors, and to obey his laws and commands. 5He removed the high placesf and incense altarsg in every town in Judah, and the kingdom was at peace under him. 6He built up the fortified cities of Judah, since the land was at peace. No one was at war with him during those years, for the LORD gave him rest.h Article: Asa as a Model of Covenant Faithfulness and Unfaithfulness
7“Let us build up these towns,” he said to Judah, “and put walls around them, with towers, gates and bars. The land is still ours, because we have sought the LORD our God; we sought him and he has given us resti on every side.” So they built and prospered.
8Asa had an army of three hundred thousandj men from Judah, equipped with large shields and with spears, and two hundred and eighty thousand from Benjamin, armed with small shields and with bows. All these were brave fighting men.
9Zerah the Cushitek marched out against them with an army of thousands upon thousands and three hundred chariots, and came as far as Mareshah.l 10Asa went out to meet him, and they took up battle positions in the Valley of Zephathah near Mareshah.
11Then Asa calledm to the LORD his God and said, “LORD, there is no one like you to help the powerless against the mighty. Help us,n LORD our God, for we relyo on you, and in your namep we have come against this vast army. LORD, you are our God; do not let mere mortals prevailq against you.”
12The LORD struck downr the Cushites before Asa and Judah. The Cushites fled, 13and Asa and his army pursued them as far as Gerar.s Such a great number of Cushites fell that they could not recover; they were crushedt before the LORD and his forces. The men of Judah carried off a large amount of plunder.u 14They destroyed all the villages around Gerar, for the terrorv of the LORD had fallen on them. They looted all these villages, since there was much plunder there. 15They also attacked the camps of the herders and carried off droves of sheep and goats and camels. Then they returned to Jerusalem.
Asa’s Reform
15:16-19pp — 1Ki 15:13-16
1The Spirit of God came ona Azariah son of Oded. 2He went out to meet Asa and said to him, “Listen to me, Asa and all Judah and Benjamin. The LORD is with youb when you are with him.c If you seekd him, he will be found by you, but if you forsake him, he will forsake you.e 3For a long time Israel was without the true God, without a priest to teachf and without the law.g 4But in their distress they turned to the LORD, the God of Israel, and sought him,h and he was found by them. 5In those days it was not safe to travel about,i for all the inhabitants of the lands were in great turmoil. 6One nation was being crushed by another and one city by another,j because God was troubling them with every kind of distress. 7But as for you, be strongk and do not give up, for your work will be rewarded.”l
8When Asa heard these words and the prophecy of Azariah son of1 Oded the prophet, he took courage. He removed the detestable idolsm from the whole land of Judah and Benjamin and from the towns he had capturedn in the hills of Ephraim. He repaired the altaro of the LORD that was in front of the portico of the LORD’s temple.
9Then he assembled all Judah and Benjamin and the people from Ephraim, Manasseh and Simeon who had settled among them, for large numbersp had come over to him from Israel when they saw that the LORD his God was with him.
10They assembled at Jerusalem in the third monthq of the fifteenth year of Asa’s reign. 11At that time they sacrificed to the LORD seven hundred head of cattle and seven thousand sheep and goats from the plunderr they had brought back. 12They entered into a covenants to seek the LORD,t the God of their ancestors, with all their heart and soul. 13All who would not seek the LORD, the God of Israel, were to be put to death,u whether small or great, man or woman. 14They took an oath to the LORD with loud acclamation, with shouting and with trumpets and horns. 15All Judah rejoiced about the oath because they had sworn it wholeheartedly. They sought Godv eagerly, and he was found by them. So the LORD gave them restw on every side.
16King Asa also deposed his grandmother Maakahx from her position as queen mother,y because she had made a repulsive image for the worship of Asherah.z Asa cut it down, broke it up and burned it in the Kidron Valley.a 17Although he did not remove the high places from Israel, Asa’s heart was fully committed to the LORD all his life. 18He brought into the temple of God the silver and gold and the articles that he and his father had dedicated.b
19There was no more war until the thirty-fifth year of Asa’s reign.
Asa’s Last Years
16:1-6pp — 1Ki 15:17-22
16:11–17:1pp — 1Ki 15:23-24
1In the thirty-sixth year of Asa’s reign Baashaa king of Israel went up against Judah and fortified Ramah to prevent anyone from leaving or entering the territory of Asa king of Judah.
2Asa then took the silver and gold out of the treasuries of the LORD’s temple and of his own palace and sent it to Ben-Hadad king of Aram, who was ruling in Damascus.b 3“Let there be a treatyc between me and you,” he said, “as there was between my father and your father. See, I am sending you silver and gold. Now break your treaty with Baasha king of Israel so he will withdraw from me.”
4Ben-Hadad agreed with King Asa and sent the commanders of his forces against the towns of Israel. They conquered Ijon, Dan, Abel Maim1 and all the store cities of Naphtali.d 5When Baasha heard this, he stopped building Ramah and abandoned his work. 6Then King Asa brought all the men of Judah, and they carried away from Ramah the stones and timber Baasha had been using. With them he built up Geba and Mizpah.e
7At that time Hananif the seer came to Asa king of Judah and said to him: “Because you reliedg on the king of Aram and not on the LORD your God, the army of the king of Aram has escaped from your hand. 8Were not the Cushites2,h and Libyans a mighty army with great numbersi of chariots and horsemen3? Yet when you relied on the LORD, he deliveredj them into your hand. 9For the eyesk of the LORD range throughout the earth to strengthen those whose hearts are fully committed to him. You have done a foolishl thing, and from now on you will be at war.m”
10Asa was angry with the seer because of this; he was so enraged that he put him in prison.n At the same time Asa brutally oppressed some of the people.
11The events of Asa’s reign, from beginning to end, are written in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel. 12In the thirty-ninth year of his reign Asa was afflictedo with a disease in his feet. Though his disease was severe, even in his illness he did not seekp help from the LORD,q but only from the physicians. 13Then in the forty-first year of his reign Asa died and rested with his ancestors. 14They buried him in the tomb that he had cut out for himselfr in the City of David. They laid him on a bier covered with spices and various blended perfumes,s and they made a huge firet in his honor.
Jehoshaphat King of Judah
1Jehoshaphat his son succeeded him as king and strengtheneda himself against Israel. 2He stationed troops in all the fortified citiesb of Judah and put garrisons in Judah and in the towns of Ephraim that his father Asa had captured.c
3The LORD was with Jehoshaphat because he followed the ways of his father Davidd before him. He did not consult the Baals 4but soughte the God of his father and followed his commands rather than the practices of Israel. 5The LORD established the kingdom under his control; and all Judah brought giftsf to Jehoshaphat, so that he had great wealth and honor.g 6His heart was devotedh to the ways of the LORD; furthermore, he removed the high placesi and the Asherah polesj from Judah.k
7In the third year of his reign he sent his officials Ben-Hail, Obadiah, Zechariah, Nethanel and Micaiah to teachl in the towns of Judah. 8With them were certain Levitesm—Shemaiah, Nethaniah, Zebadiah, Asahel, Shemiramoth, Jehonathan, Adonijah, Tobijah and Tob-Adonijah—and the priests Elishama and Jehoram. 9They taught throughout Judah, taking with them the Book of the Lawn of the LORD; they went around to all the towns of Judah and taught the people.
10The fearo of the LORD fell on all the kingdoms of the lands surrounding Judah, so that they did not go to war against Jehoshaphat. 11Some Philistines brought Jehoshaphat gifts and silver as tribute, and the Arabsp brought him flocks:q seven thousand seven hundred rams and seven thousand seven hundred goats.
12Jehoshaphat became more and more powerful; he built forts and store cities in Judah 13and had large supplies in the towns of Judah. He also kept experienced fighting men in Jerusalem. 14Their enrollmentr by families was as follows:
From Judah, commanders of units of 1,000:
Adnah the commander, with 300,000 fighting men;
15next, Jehohanan the commander, with 280,000;
16next, Amasiah son of Zikri, who volunteereds himself for the service of the LORD, with 200,000.
17From Benjamin:t
Eliada, a valiant soldier, with 200,000 men armed with bows and shields;
18next, Jehozabad, with 180,000 men armed for battle.
19These were the men who served the king, besides those he stationed in the fortified citiesu throughout Judah.v
Micaiah Prophesies Against Ahab
18:1-27pp — 1Ki 22:1-28
1Now Jehoshaphat had great wealth and honor,a and he alliedb himself with Ahabc by marriage. 2Some years later he went down to see Ahab in Samaria. Ahab slaughtered many sheep and cattle for him and the people with him and urged him to attack Ramoth Gilead. 3Ahab king of Israel asked Jehoshaphat king of Judah, “Will you go with me against Ramoth Gilead?”
Jehoshaphat replied, “I am as you are, and my people as your people; we will join you in the war.” 4But Jehoshaphat also said to the king of Israel, “First seek the counsel of the LORD.”
5So the king of Israel brought together the prophets—four hundred men—and asked them, “Shall we go to war against Ramoth Gilead, or shall I not?”
“Go,” they answered, “for God will give it into the king’s hand.”
6But Jehoshaphat asked, “Is there no longer a prophet of the LORD here whom we can inquire of?”
7The king of Israel answered Jehoshaphat, “There is still one prophet through whom we can inquire of the LORD, but I hate him because he never prophesies anything good about me, but always bad. He is Micaiah son of Imlah.”
“The king should not say such a thing,” Jehoshaphat replied.
8So the king of Israel called one of his officials and said, “Bring Micaiah son of Imlah at once.”
9Dressed in their royal robes, the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah were sitting on their thrones at the threshing floor by the entrance of the gate of Samaria, with all the prophets prophesying before them. 10Now Zedekiah son of Kenaanah had made iron horns, and he declared, “This is what the LORD says: ‘With these you will gore the Arameans until they are destroyed.’ ”
11All the other prophets were prophesying the same thing. “Attack Ramoth Gileadd and be victorious,” they said, “for the LORD will give it into the king’s hand.”
12The messenger who had gone to summon Micaiah said to him, “Look, the other prophets without exception are predicting success for the king. Let your word agree with theirs, and speak favorably.”
13But Micaiah said, “As surely as the LORD lives, I can tell him only what my God says.”e
14When he arrived, the king asked him, “Micaiah, shall we go to war against Ramoth Gilead, or shall I not?”
“Attack and be victorious,” he answered, “for they will be given into your hand.”
15The king said to him, “How many times must I make you swear to tell me nothing but the truth in the name of the LORD?”
16Then Micaiah answered, “I saw all Israelf scattered on the hills like sheep without a shepherd,g and the LORD said, ‘These people have no master. Let each one go home in peace.’ ”
17The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “Didn’t I tell you that he never prophesies anything good about me, but only bad?”
18Micaiah continued, “Therefore hear the word of the LORD: I saw the LORD sitting on his throneh with all the multitudes of heaven standing on his right and on his left. 19And the LORD said, ‘Who will entice Ahab king of Israel into attacking Ramoth Gilead and going to his death there?’
“One suggested this, and another that. 20Finally, a spirit came forward, stood before the LORD and said, ‘I will entice him.’
“ ‘By what means?’ the LORD asked.
21“ ‘I will go and be a deceiving spiriti in the mouths of all his prophets,’ he said.
“ ‘You will succeed in enticing him,’ said the LORD. ‘Go and do it.’
22“So now the LORD has put a deceiving spirit in the mouths of these prophets of yours.j The LORD has decreed disaster for you.”
23Then Zedekiah son of Kenaanah went up and slappedk Micaiah in the face. “Which way did the spirit from1 the LORD go when he went from me to speak to you?” he asked.
24Micaiah replied, “You will find out on the day you go to hide in an inner room.”
25The king of Israel then ordered, “Take Micaiah and send him back to Amon the ruler of the city and to Joash the king’s son, 26and say, ‘This is what the king says: Put this fellow in prisonl and give him nothing but bread and water until I return safely.’ ”
27Micaiah declared, “If you ever return safely, the LORD has not spoken through me.” Then he added, “Mark my words, all you people!”
Ahab Killed at Ramoth Gilead
18:28-34pp — 1Ki 22:29-36
28So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah went up to Ramoth Gilead. 29The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “I will enter the battle in disguise, but you wear your royal robes.” So the king of Israel disguisedm himself and went into battle.
30Now the king of Aram had ordered his chariot commanders, “Do not fight with anyone, small or great, except the king of Israel.” 31When the chariot commanders saw Jehoshaphat, they thought, “This is the king of Israel.” So they turned to attack him, but Jehoshaphat cried out,n and the LORD helped him. God drew them away from him, 32for when the chariot commanders saw that he was not the king of Israel, they stopped pursuing him.
33But someone drew his bow at random and hit the king of Israel between the breastplate and the scale armor. The king told the chariot driver, “Wheel around and get me out of the fighting. I’ve been wounded.” 34All day long the battle raged, and the king of Israel propped himself up in his chariot facing the Arameans until evening. Then at sunset he died.o
1When Jehoshaphat king of Judah returned safely to his palace in Jerusalem, 2Jehua the seer, the son of Hanani, went out to meet him and said to the king, “Should you help the wickedb and love1 those who hate the LORD?c Because of this, the wrathd of the LORD is on you. 3There is, however, some goode in you, for you have rid the land of the Asherah polesf and have set your heart on seeking God.g”
Jehoshaphat Appoints Judges
4Jehoshaphat lived in Jerusalem, and he went out again among the people from Beersheba to the hill country of Ephraim and turned them back to the LORD, the God of their ancestors. 5He appointed judgesh in the land, in each of the fortified cities of Judah. 6He told them, “Consider carefully what you do,i because you are not judging for mere mortalsj but for the LORD, who is with you whenever you give a verdict. 7Now let the fear of the LORD be on you. Judge carefully, for with the LORD our God there is no injusticek or partialityl or bribery.”
8In Jerusalem also, Jehoshaphat appointed some of the Levites,m priestsn and heads of Israelite families to administero the law of the LORD and to settle disputes. And they lived in Jerusalem. 9He gave them these orders: “You must serve faithfully and wholeheartedly in the fear of the LORD. 10In every case that comes before you from your people who live in the cities—whether bloodshed or other concerns of the law, commands, decrees or regulations—you are to warn them not to sin against the LORD;p otherwise his wrath will come on you and your people. Do this, and you will not sin.
11“Amariah the chief priest will be over you in any matter concerning the LORD, and Zebadiah son of Ishmael, the leader of the tribe of Judah, will be over you in any matter concerning the king, and the Levites will serve as officials before you. Act with courage,q and may the LORD be with those who do well.”
Jehoshaphat Defeats Moab and Ammon
1After this, the Moabitesa and Ammonites with some of the Meunites1,b came to wage war against Jehoshaphat.
2Some people came and told Jehoshaphat, “A vast armyc is coming against you from Edom,2 from the other side of the Dead Sea. It is already in Hazezon Tamard” (that is, En Gedi).e 3Alarmed, Jehoshaphat resolved to inquire of the LORD, and he proclaimed a fastf for all Judah. 4The people of Judahg came together to seek help from the LORD; indeed, they came from every town in Judah to seek him. Photo
5Then Jehoshaphat stood up in the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem at the temple of the LORD in the front of the new courtyard 6and said:
“LORD, the God of our ancestors,h are you not the God who is in heaven?i You rule over all the kingdomsj of the nations. Power and might are in your hand, and no one can withstand you.k 7Our God, did you not drive out the inhabitants of this landl before your people Israel and give it forever to the descendants of Abraham your friend?m 8They have lived in it and have built in it a sanctuaryn for your Name, saying, 9‘If calamity comes upon us, whether the sword of judgment, or plague or famine,o we will stand in your presence before this temple that bears your Name and will cry out to you in our distress, and you will hear us and save us.’
10“But now here are men from Ammon, Moab and Mount Seir, whose territory you would not allow Israel to invade when they came from Egypt;p so they turned away from them and did not destroy them. 11See how they are repaying us by coming to drive us out of the possessionq you gave us as an inheritance. 12Our God, will you not judge them?r For we have no power to face this vast army that is attacking us. We do not know what to do, but our eyes are on you.s”
13All the men of Judah, with their wives and children and little ones, stood there before the LORD.
14Then the Spiritt of the LORD came on Jahaziel son of Zechariah, the son of Benaiah, the son of Jeiel, the son of Mattaniah,u a Levite and descendant of Asaph, as he stood in the assembly.
15He said: “Listen, King Jehoshaphat and all who live in Judah and Jerusalem! This is what the LORD says to you: ‘Do not be afraid or discouragedv because of this vast army. For the battlew is not yours, but God’s. 16Tomorrow march down against them. They will be climbing up by the Pass of Ziz, and you will find them at the end of the gorge in the Desert of Jeruel. 17You will not have to fight this battle. Take up your positions; stand firm and seex the deliverance the LORD will give you, Judah and Jerusalem. Do not be afraid; do not be discouraged. Go out to face them tomorrow, and the LORD will be with you.’ ”
18Jehoshaphat bowed downy with his face to the ground, and all the people of Judah and Jerusalem fell down in worship before the LORD. 19Then some Levites from the Kohathites and Korahites stood up and praised the LORD, the God of Israel, with a very loud voice.
20Early in the morning they left for the Desert of Tekoa. As they set out, Jehoshaphat stood and said, “Listen to me, Judah and people of Jerusalem! Have faithz in the LORD your God and you will be upheld; have faith in his prophets and you will be successful.a” 21After consulting the people, Jehoshaphat appointed men to sing to the LORD and to praise him for the splendor of his3 holinessb as they went out at the head of the army, saying:
“Give thanks to the LORD,
for his love endures forever.”c
22As they began to sing and praise, the LORD set ambushesd against the men of Ammon and Moab and Mount Seir who were invading Judah, and they were defeated. 23The Ammonitese and Moabites rose up against the men from Mount Seirf to destroy and annihilate them. After they finished slaughtering the men from Seir, they helped to destroy one another.g
24When the men of Judah came to the place that overlooks the desert and looked toward the vast army, they saw only dead bodies lying on the ground; no one had escaped. 25So Jehoshaphat and his men went to carry off their plunder, and they found among them a great amount of equipment and clothing4 and also articles of value—more than they could take away. There was so much plunder that it took three days to collect it. 26On the fourth day they assembled in the Valley of Berakah, where they praised the LORD. This is why it is called the Valley of Berakah5 to this day.
27Then, led by Jehoshaphat, all the men of Judah and Jerusalem returned joyfully to Jerusalem, for the LORD had given them cause to rejoice over their enemies. 28They entered Jerusalem and went to the temple of the LORD with harps and lyres and trumpets.
29The fearh of God came on all the surrounding kingdoms when they heard how the LORD had foughti against the enemies of Israel. 30And the kingdom of Jehoshaphat was at peace, for his God had given him restj on every side.
The End of Jehoshaphat’s Reign
20:31–21:1pp — 1Ki 22:41-50
31So Jehoshaphat reigned over Judah. He was thirty-five years old when he became king of Judah, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-five years. His mother’s name was Azubah daughter of Shilhi. 32He followed the ways of his father Asa and did not stray from them; he did what was right in the eyes of the LORD. 33The high places,k however, were not removed, and the people still had not set their hearts on the God of their ancestors.
34The other events of Jehoshaphat’s reign, from beginning to end, are written in the annals of Jehul son of Hanani, which are recorded in the book of the kings of Israel.
35Later, Jehoshaphat king of Judah made an alliancem with Ahaziah king of Israel, whose ways were wicked.n 36He agreed with him to construct a fleet of trading ships.6 After these were built at Ezion Geber, 37Eliezer son of Dodavahu of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, “Because you have made an alliance with Ahaziah, the LORD will destroy what you have made.” The shipso were wrecked and were not able to set sail to trade.7
1Then Jehoshaphat rested with his ancestors and was buried with them in the City of David. And Jehorama his son succeeded him as king. 2Jehoram’s brothers, the sons of Jehoshaphat, were Azariah, Jehiel, Zechariah, Azariahu, Michael and Shephatiah. All these were sons of Jehoshaphat king of Israel.1 3Their father had given them many giftsb of silver and gold and articles of value, as well as fortified citiesc in Judah, but he had given the kingdom to Jehoram because he was his firstborn son.
Jehoram King of Judah
21:5-10,20pp — 2Ki 8:16-24
4When Jehoram establishedd himself firmly over his father’s kingdom, he put all his brotherse to the sword along with some of the officials of Israel. 5Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eight years. 6He followed the ways of the kings of Israel,f as the house of Ahab had done, for he married a daughter of Ahab.g He did evil in the eyes of the LORD. 7Nevertheless, because of the covenant the LORD had made with David,h the LORD was not willing to destroy the house of David.i He had promised to maintain a lampj for him and his descendants forever.
8In the time of Jehoram, Edomk rebelled against Judah and set up its own king. 9So Jehoram went there with his officers and all his chariots. The Edomites surrounded him and his chariot commanders, but he rose up and broke through by night. 10To this day Edom has been in rebellion against Judah.
Libnahl revolted at the same time, because Jehoram had forsaken the LORD, the God of his ancestors. 11He had also built high places on the hills of Judah and had caused the people of Jerusalem to prostitute themselves and had led Judah astray.
12Jehoram received a letter from Elijahm the prophet, which said:
“This is what the LORD, the God of your fathern David, says: ‘You have not followed the ways of your father Jehoshaphat or of Asao king of Judah. 13But you have followed the ways of the kings of Israel, and you have led Judah and the people of Jerusalem to prostitute themselves, just as the house of Ahab did.p You have also murdered your own brothers, members of your own family, men who were betterq than you. 14So now the LORD is about to strike your people, your sons, your wives and everything that is yours, with a heavy blow. 15You yourself will be very ill with a lingering diseaser of the bowels, until the disease causes your bowels to come out.’ ”
16The LORD aroused against Jehoram the hostility of the Philistines and of the Arabss who lived near the Cushites. 17They attacked Judah, invaded it and carried off all the goods found in the king’s palace, together with his sons and wives. Not a son was left to him except Ahaziah,2 the youngest.t
18After all this, the LORD afflicted Jehoram with an incurable disease of the bowels. 19In the course of time, at the end of the second year, his bowels came out because of the disease, and he died in great pain. His people made no funeral fire in his honor,u as they had for his predecessors.
20Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eight years. He passed away, to no one’s regret, and was buriedv in the City of David, but not in the tombs of the kings.
Ahaziah King of Judah
22:1-6pp — 2Ki 8:25-29
22:7-9pp — 2Ki 9:21-29
1The peoplea of Jerusalemb made Ahaziah, Jehoram’s youngest son, king in his place, since the raiders,c who came with the Arabs into the camp, had killed all the older sons. So Ahaziah son of Jehoram king of Judah began to reign.
2Ahaziah was twenty-two1 years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem one year. His mother’s name was Athaliah, a granddaughter of Omri.
3He too followedd the ways of the house of Ahab,e for his mother encouraged him to act wickedly. 4He did evil in the eyes of the LORD, as the house of Ahab had done, for after his father’s death they became his advisers, to his undoing. 5He also followed their counsel when he went with Joram2 son of Ahab king of Israel to wage war against Hazael king of Aram at Ramoth Gilead.f The Arameans wounded Joram; 6so he returned to Jezreel to recover from the wounds they had inflicted on him at Ramoth3 in his battle with Hazaelg king of Aram.
Then Ahaziah4 son of Jehoram king of Judah went down to Jezreel to see Joram son of Ahab because he had been wounded.
7Through Ahaziah’sh visit to Joram, God brought about Ahaziah’s downfall. When Ahaziah arrived, he went out with Joram to meet Jehu son of Nimshi, whom the LORD had anointed to destroy the house of Ahab. 8While Jehu was executing judgment on the house of Ahab,i he found the officials of Judah and the sons of Ahaziah’s relatives, who had been attending Ahaziah, and he killed them. 9He then went in search of Ahaziah, and his men captured him while he was hidingj in Samaria. He was brought to Jehu and put to death. They buried him, for they said, “He was a son of Jehoshaphat, who soughtk the LORD with all his heart.” So there was no one in the house of Ahaziah powerful enough to retain the kingdom.
Athaliah and Joash
22:10–23:21pp — 2Ki 11:1-21
10When Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah saw that her son was dead, she proceeded to destroy the whole royal family of the house of Judah. 11But Jehosheba,5 the daughter of King Jehoram, took Joash son of Ahaziah and stole him away from among the royal princes who were about to be murdered and put him and his nurse in a bedroom. Because Jehosheba,6 the daughter of King Jehoram and wife of the priest Jehoiada, was Ahaziah’s sister, she hid the child from Athaliah so she could not kill him. 12He remained hidden with them at the temple of God for six years while Athaliah ruled the land.
1In the seventh year Jehoiada showed his strength. He made a covenant with the commanders of units of a hundred: Azariah son of Jeroham, Ishmael son of Jehohanan, Azariah son of Obed, Maaseiah son of Adaiah, and Elishaphat son of Zikri. 2They went throughout Judah and gathered the Levitesa and the heads of Israelite families from all the towns. When they came to Jerusalem, 3the whole assembly made a covenantb with the king at the temple of God.
Jehoiada said to them, “The king’s son shall reign, as the LORD promised concerning the descendants of David.c 4Now this is what you are to do: A third of you priests and Levites who are going on duty on the Sabbath are to keep watch at the doors, 5a third of you at the royal palace and a third at the Foundation Gate, and all the others are to be in the courtyards of the temple of the LORD. 6No one is to enter the temple of the LORD except the priests and Levites on duty; they may enter because they are consecrated, but all the others are to observed the LORD’s command not to enter.1 7The Levites are to station themselves around the king, each with weapon in hand. Anyone who enters the temple is to be put to death. Stay close to the king wherever he goes.”
8The Levites and all the men of Judah did just as Jehoiada the priest ordered.e Each one took his men—those who were going on duty on the Sabbath and those who were going off duty—for Jehoiada the priest had not released any of the divisions.f 9Then he gave the commanders of units of a hundred the spears and the large and small shields that had belonged to King David and that were in the temple of God. 10He stationed all the men, each with his weapon in his hand, around the king—near the altar and the temple, from the south side to the north side of the temple.
11Jehoiada and his sons brought out the king’s son and put the crown on him; they presented him with a copyg of the covenant and proclaimed him king. They anointed him and shouted, “Long live the king!”
12When Athaliah heard the noise of the people running and cheering the king, she went to them at the temple of the LORD. 13She looked, and there was the king,h standing by his pillari at the entrance. The officers and the trumpeters were beside the king, and all the people of the land were rejoicing and blowing trumpets, and musicians with their instruments were leading the praises. Then Athaliah tore her robes and shouted, “Treason! Treason!”
14Jehoiada the priest sent out the commanders of units of a hundred, who were in charge of the troops, and said to them: “Bring her out between the ranks2 and put to the sword anyone who follows her.” For the priest had said, “Do not put her to death at the temple of the LORD.” 15So they seized her as she reached the entrance of the Horse Gatej on the palace grounds, and there they put her to death.
16Jehoiada then made a covenantk that he, the people and the king3 would be the LORD’s people. 17All the people went to the temple of Baal and tore it down. They smashed the altars and idols and killedl Mattan the priest of Baal in front of the altars.
18Then Jehoiada placed the oversight of the temple of the LORD in the hands of the Levitical priests,m to whom David had made assignments in the temple,n to present the burnt offerings of the LORD as written in the Law of Moses, with rejoicing and singing, as David had ordered. 19He also stationed gatekeeperso at the gates of the LORD’s temple so that no one who was in any way unclean might enter.
20He took with him the commanders of hundreds, the nobles, the rulers of the people and all the people of the land and brought the king down from the temple of the LORD. They went into the palace through the Upper Gatep and seated the king on the royal throne. 21All the people of the land rejoiced, and the city was calm, because Athaliah had been slain with the sword.q
Joash Repairs the Temple
24:1-14pp — 2Ki 12:1-16
24:23-27pp — 2Ki 12:17-21
1Joash was seven years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem forty years. His mother’s name was Zibiah; she was from Beersheba. 2Joash did what was right in the eyes of the LORDa all the years of Jehoiada the priest. 3Jehoiada chose two wives for him, and he had sons and daughters.
4Some time later Joash decided to restore the temple of the LORD. 5He called together the priests and Levites and said to them, “Go to the towns of Judah and collect the moneyb due annually from all Israel,c to repair the temple of your God. Do it now.” But the Levitesd did not act at once.
6Therefore the king summoned Jehoiada the chief priest and said to him, “Why haven’t you required the Levites to bring in from Judah and Jerusalem the tax imposed by Moses the servant of the LORD and by the assembly of Israel for the tent of the covenant law?”e
7Now the sons of that wicked woman Athaliah had broken into the temple of God and had used even its sacred objects for the Baals.
8At the king’s command, a chest was made and placed outside, at the gate of the temple of the LORD. 9A proclamation was then issued in Judah and Jerusalem that they should bring to the LORD the tax that Moses the servant of God had required of Israel in the wilderness. 10All the officials and all the people brought their contributions gladly,f dropping them into the chest until it was full. 11Whenever the chest was brought in by the Levites to the king’s officials and they saw that there was a large amount of money, the royal secretary and the officer of the chief priest would come and empty the chest and carry it back to its place. They did this regularly and collected a great amount of money. 12The king and Jehoiada gave it to those who carried out the work required for the temple of the LORD. They hiredg masons and carpenters to restore the LORD’s temple, and also workers in iron and bronze to repair the temple.
13The men in charge of the work were diligent, and the repairs progressed under them. They rebuilt the temple of God according to its original design and reinforced it. 14When they had finished, they brought the rest of the money to the king and Jehoiada, and with it were made articles for the LORD’s temple: articles for the service and for the burnt offerings, and also dishes and other objects of gold and silver. As long as Jehoiada lived, burnt offerings were presented continually in the temple of the LORD.
15Now Jehoiada was old and full of years, and he died at the age of a hundred and thirty. 16He was buried with the kings in the City of David, because of the good he had done in Israel for God and his temple.
The Wickedness of Joash
17After the death of Jehoiada, the officials of Judah came and paid homage to the king, and he listened to them. 18They abandonedh the temple of the LORD, the God of their ancestors, and worshiped Asherah poles and idols.i Because of their guilt, God’s angerj came on Judah and Jerusalem. 19Although the LORD sent prophets to the people to bring them back to him, and though they testified against them, they would not listen.k
20Then the Spiritl of God came on Zechariahm son of Jehoiada the priest. He stood before the people and said, “This is what God says: ‘Why do you disobey the LORD’s commands? You will not prosper.n Because you have forsaken the LORD, he has forsakeno you.’ ”
21But they plotted against him, and by order of the king they stonedp him to deathq in the courtyard of the LORD’s temple.r 22King Joash did not remember the kindness Zechariah’s father Jehoiada had shown him but killed his son, who said as he lay dying, “May the LORD see this and call you to account.”s
23At the turn of the year,1 the army of Aram marched against Joash; it invaded Judah and Jerusalem and killed all the leaders of the people.t They sent all the plunder to their king in Damascus. 24Although the Aramean army had come with only a few men,u the LORD delivered into their hands a much larger army.v Because Judah had forsaken the LORD, the God of their ancestors, judgment was executed on Joash. 25When the Arameans withdrew, they left Joash severely wounded. His officials conspired against him for murdering the son of Jehoiada the priest, and they killed him in his bed. So he died and was buriedw in the City of David, but not in the tombs of the kings.
26Those who conspired against him were Zabad,2 son of Shimeath an Ammonite woman, and Jehozabad, son of Shimrith3,x a Moabite woman.y 27The account of his sons, the many prophecies about him, and the record of the restoration of the temple of God are written in the annotations on the book of the kings. And Amaziah his son succeeded him as king.
Amaziah King of Judah
25:1-4pp — 2Ki 14:1-6
25:11-12pp — 2Ki 14:7
25:17-28pp — 2Ki 14:8-20
1Amaziah was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-nine years. His mother’s name was Jehoaddan; she was from Jerusalem. 2He did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, but not wholeheartedly.a 3After the kingdom was firmly in his control, he executed the officials who had murdered his father the king. 4Yet he did not put their children to death, but acted in accordance with what is written in the Law, in the Book of Moses,b where the LORD commanded: “Parents shall not be put to death for their children, nor children be put to death for their parents; each will die for their own sin.”1,c
5Amaziah called the people of Judah together and assigned them according to their families to commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds for all Judah and Benjamin. He then musteredd those twenty years olde or more and found that there were three hundred thousand men fit for military service,f able to handle the spear and shield. 6He also hired a hundred thousand fighting men from Israel for a hundred talents2 of silver.
7But a man of God came to him and said, “Your Majesty, these troops from Israelg must not march with you, for the LORD is not with Israel—not with any of the people of Ephraim. 8Even if you go and fight courageously in battle, God will overthrow you before the enemy, for God has the power to help or to overthrow.”h
9Amaziah asked the man of God, “But what about the hundred talents I paid for these Israelite troops?”
The man of God replied, “The LORD can give you much more than that.”i
10So Amaziah dismissed the troops who had come to him from Ephraim and sent them home. They were furious with Judah and left for home in a great rage.j
11Amaziah then marshaled his strength and led his army to the Valley of Salt, where he killed ten thousand men of Seir. 12The army of Judah also captured ten thousand men alive, took them to the top of a cliff and threw them down so that all were dashed to pieces.k
13Meanwhile the troops that Amaziah had sent back and had not allowed to take part in the war raided towns belonging to Judah from Samaria to Beth Horon. They killed three thousand people and carried off great quantities of plunder.
14When Amaziah returned from slaughtering the Edomites, he brought back the gods of the people of Seir. He set them up as his own gods,l bowed down to them and burned sacrifices to them. 15The anger of the LORD burned against Amaziah, and he sent a prophet to him, who said, “Why do you consult this people’s gods, which could not savem their own people from your hand?”
16While he was still speaking, the king said to him, “Have we appointed you an adviser to the king? Stop! Why be struck down?”
So the prophet stopped but said, “I know that God has determined to destroy you, because you have done this and have not listened to my counsel.”
17After Amaziah king of Judah consulted his advisers, he sent this challenge to Jehoash3 son of Jehoahaz, the son of Jehu, king of Israel: “Come, let us face each other in battle.”
18But Jehoash king of Israel replied to Amaziah king of Judah: “A thistlen in Lebanon sent a message to a cedar in Lebanon, ‘Give your daughter to my son in marriage.’ Then a wild beast in Lebanon came along and trampled the thistle underfoot. 19You say to yourself that you have defeated Edom, and now you are arrogant and proud. But stay at home! Why ask for trouble and cause your own downfall and that of Judah also?”
20Amaziah, however, would not listen, for God so worked that he might deliver them into the hands of Jehoash, because they sought the gods of Edom.o 21So Jehoash king of Israel attacked. He and Amaziah king of Judah faced each other at Beth Shemesh in Judah. 22Judah was routed by Israel, and every man fled to his home. 23Jehoash king of Israel captured Amaziah king of Judah, the son of Joash, the son of Ahaziah,4 at Beth Shemesh. Then Jehoash brought him to Jerusalem and broke down the wall of Jerusalem from the Ephraim Gatep to the Corner Gateq—a section about four hundred cubits5 long. 24He took all the gold and silver and all the articles found in the temple of God that had been in the care of Obed-Edom,r together with the palace treasures and the hostages, and returned to Samaria.
25Amaziah son of Joash king of Judah lived for fifteen years after the death of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz king of Israel. 26As for the other events of Amaziah’s reign, from beginning to end, are they not written in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel? 27From the time that Amaziah turned away from following the LORD, they conspired against him in Jerusalem and he fled to Lachishs, but they sent men after him to Lachish and killed him there. 28He was brought back by horse and was buried with his ancestors in the City of Judah.6
Uzziah King of Judah
26:1-4pp — 2Ki 14:21-22; 15:1-3
26:21-23pp — 2Ki 15:5-7
1Then all the people of Judaha took Uzziah,1 who was sixteen years old, and made him king in place of his father Amaziah. 2He was the one who rebuilt Elath and restored it to Judah after Amaziah rested with his ancestors.
3Uzziah was sixteen years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem fifty-two years. His mother’s name was Jekoliah; she was from Jerusalem. 4He did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, just as his father Amaziah had done. 5He sought God during the days of Zechariah, who instructed him in the fear2 of God.b As long as he sought the LORD, God gave him success.c
6He went to war against the Philistinesd and broke down the walls of Gath, Jabneh and Ashdod.e He then rebuilt towns near Ashdod and elsewhere among the Philistines. 7God helped him against the Philistines and against the Arabsf who lived in Gur Baal and against the Meunites.g 8The Ammonitesh brought tribute to Uzziah, and his fame spread as far as the border of Egypt, because he had become very powerful.
9Uzziah built towers in Jerusalem at the Corner Gate,i at the Valley Gatej and at the angle of the wall, and he fortified them. 10He also built towers in the wilderness and dug many cisterns, because he had much livestock in the foothills and in the plain. He had people working his fields and vineyards in the hills and in the fertile lands, for he loved the soil. Photo
11Uzziah had a well-trained army, ready to go out by divisions according to their numbers as mustered by Jeiel the secretary and Maaseiah the officer under the direction of Hananiah, one of the royal officials. 12The total number of family leaders over the fighting men was 2,600. 13Under their command was an army of 307,500 men trained for war, a powerful force to support the king against his enemies. 14Uzziah provided shields, spears, helmets, coats of armor, bows and slingstones for the entire army.k 15In Jerusalem he made devices invented for use on the towers and on the corner defenses so that soldiers could shoot arrows and hurl large stones from the walls. His fame spread far and wide, for he was greatly helped until he became powerful. Photo
16But after Uzziah became powerful, his pridel led to his downfall.m He was unfaithfuln to the LORD his God, and entered the temple of the LORD to burn incenseo on the altar of incense. 17Azariahp the priest with eighty other courageous priests of the LORD followed him in. 18They confronted King Uzziah and said, “It is not right for you, Uzziah, to burn incense to the LORD. That is for the priests,q the descendantsr of Aaron,s who have been consecrated to burn incense.t Leave the sanctuary, for you have been unfaithful; and you will not be honored by the LORD God.”
19Uzziah, who had a censer in his hand ready to burn incense, became angry. While he was raging at the priests in their presence before the incense altar in the LORD’s temple, leprosy3,u broke out on his forehead. 20When Azariah the chief priest and all the other priests looked at him, they saw that he had leprosy on his forehead, so they hurried him out. Indeed, he himself was eager to leave, because the LORD had afflicted him.
21King Uzziah had leprosy until the day he died. He lived in a separate house4,v—leprous, and banned from the temple of the LORD. Jotham his son had charge of the palace and governed the people of the land.
22The other events of Uzziah’s reign, from beginning to end, are recorded by the prophet Isaiahw son of Amoz. 23Uzziahx rested with his ancestors and was buried near them in a cemetery that belonged to the kings, for people said, “He had leprosy.” And Jotham his son succeeded him as king.y
Jotham King of Judah
27:1-4,7-9pp — 2Ki 15:33-38
1Jothama was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem sixteen years. His mother’s name was Jerusha daughter of Zadok. 2He did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, just as his father Uzziah had done, but unlike him he did not enter the temple of the LORD. The people, however, continued their corrupt practices. 3Jotham rebuilt the Upper Gate of the temple of the LORD and did extensive work on the wall at the hill of Ophel.b 4He built towns in the hill country of Judah and forts and towers in the wooded areas.
5Jotham waged war against the king of the Ammonitesc and conquered them. That year the Ammonites paid him a hundred talents1 of silver, ten thousand cors2 of wheat and ten thousand cors3 of barley. The Ammonites brought him the same amount also in the second and third years.
6Jotham grew powerfuld because he walked steadfastly before the LORD his God.
7The other events in Jotham’s reign, including all his wars and the other things he did, are written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah. 8He was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem sixteen years. 9Jotham rested with his ancestors and was buried in the City of David. And Ahaz his son succeeded him as king.
Ahaz King of Judah
28:1-27pp — 2Ki 16:1-20
1Ahaza was twenty years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem sixteen years. Unlike David his father, he did not do what was right in the eyes of the LORD. 2He followed the ways of the kings of Israel and also made idolsb for worshiping the Baals. 3He burned sacrifices in the Valley of Ben Hinnomc and sacrificed his childrend in the fire, engaging in the detestablee practices of the nations the LORD had driven out before the Israelites. 4He offered sacrifices and burned incense at the high places, on the hilltops and under every spreading tree.
5Therefore the LORD his God delivered him into the hands of the king of Aram.f The Arameans defeated him and took many of his people as prisoners and brought them to Damascus.
He was also given into the hands of the king of Israel, who inflicted heavy casualties on him. 6In one day Pekahg son of Remaliah killed a hundred and twenty thousand soldiers in Judahh—because Judah had forsaken the LORD, the God of their ancestors. 7Zikri, an Ephraimite warrior, killed Maaseiah the king’s son, Azrikam the officer in charge of the palace, and Elkanah, second to the king. 8The men of Israel took captive from their fellow Israelites who were from Judahi two hundred thousand wives, sons and daughters. They also took a great deal of plunder, which they carried back to Samaria.j
9But a prophet of the LORD named Oded was there, and he went out to meet the army when it returned to Samaria. He said to them, “Because the LORD, the God of your ancestors, was angryk with Judah, he gave them into your hand. But you have slaughtered them in a rage that reaches to heaven.l 10And now you intend to make the men and women of Judah and Jerusalem your slaves.m But aren’t you also guilty of sins against the LORD your God? 11Now listen to me! Send back your fellow Israelites you have taken as prisoners, for the LORD’s fierce anger rests on you.n”
12Then some of the leaders in Ephraim—Azariah son of Jehohanan, Berekiah son of Meshillemoth, Jehizkiah son of Shallum, and Amasa son of Hadlai—confronted those who were arriving from the war. 13“You must not bring those prisoners here,” they said, “or we will be guilty before the LORD. Do you intend to add to our sin and guilt? For our guilt is already great, and his fierce anger rests on Israel.”
14So the soldiers gave up the prisoners and plunder in the presence of the officials and all the assembly. 15The men designated by name took the prisoners, and from the plunder they clothed all who were naked. They provided them with clothes and sandals, food and drink,o and healing balm. All those who were weak they put on donkeys. So they took them back to their fellow Israelites at Jericho, the City of Palms,p and returned to Samaria.q
16At that time King Ahaz sent to the kings1 of Assyriar for help. 17The Edomitess had again come and attacked Judah and carried away prisoners,t 18while the Philistinesu had raided towns in the foothills and in the Negev of Judah. They captured and occupied Beth Shemesh, Aijalonv and Gederoth,w as well as Soko,x Timnahy and Gimzo, with their surrounding villages. 19The LORD had humbled Judah because of Ahaz king of Israel,2 for he had promoted wickedness in Judah and had been most unfaithfulz to the LORD. 20Tiglath-Pileser3,a king of Assyriab came to him, but he gave him troublec instead of help.d 21Ahaze took some of the things from the temple of the LORD and from the royal palace and from the officials and presented them to the king of Assyria, but that did not help him.f
22In his time of trouble King Ahaz became even more unfaithfulg to the LORD. 23He offered sacrifices to the godsh of Damascus, who had defeated him; for he thought, “Since the gods of the kings of Aram have helped them, I will sacrifice to them so they will help me.”i But they were his downfall and the downfall of all Israel.j
24Ahaz gathered together the furnishingsk from the temple of Godl and cut them in pieces. He shut the doorsm of the LORD’s temple and set up altarsn at every street corner in Jerusalem. 25In every town in Judah he built high places to burn sacrifices to other gods and aroused the anger of the LORD, the God of his ancestors.
26The other events of his reign and all his ways, from beginning to end, are written in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel. 27Ahaz restedo with his ancestors and was buriedp in the city of Jerusalem, but he was not placed in the tombs of the kings of Israel. And Hezekiah his son succeeded him as king.
Hezekiah Purifies the Temple
29:1-2pp — 2Ki 18:2-3
1Hezekiaha was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-nine years. His mother’s name was Abijah daughter of Zechariah. 2He did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, just as his father Davidb had done. Article: Hezekiah and Covenant Faithfulness
3In the first month of the first year of his reign, he opened the doors of the temple of the LORD and repairedc them. 4He brought in the priests and the Levites, assembled them in the square on the east side 5and said: “Listen to me, Levites! Consecrated yourselves now and consecrate the temple of the LORD, the God of your ancestors. Remove all defilement from the sanctuary. 6Our parentse were unfaithful;f they did evil in the eyes of the LORD our God and forsook him. They turned their faces away from the LORD’s dwelling place and turned their backs on him. 7They also shut the doors of the portico and put out the lamps. They did not burn incenseg or present any burnt offerings at the sanctuary to the God of Israel. 8Therefore, the anger of the LORD has fallen on Judah and Jerusalem; he has made them an object of dread and horrorh and scorn,i as you can see with your own eyes. 9This is why our fathers have fallen by the sword and why our sons and daughters and our wives are in captivity.j 10Now I intend to make a covenantk with the LORD, the God of Israel, so that his fierce angerl will turn away from us. 11My sons, do not be negligent now, for the LORD has chosen you to stand before him and serve him,m to ministern before him and to burn incense.”
12Then these Leviteso set to work:
from the Kohathites,
Mahath son of Amasai and Joel son of Azariah;
from the Merarites,
Kish son of Abdi and Azariah son of Jehallelel;
from the Gershonites,
Joah son of Zimmah and Edenp son of Joah;
13from the descendants of Elizaphan,q
Shimri and Jeiel;
from the descendants of Asaph,r
Zechariah and Mattaniah;
14from the descendants of Heman,
Jehiel and Shimei;
from the descendants of Jeduthun,
Shemaiah and Uzziel.
15When they had assembled their fellow Levites and consecrated themselves, they went in to purifys the temple of the LORD, as the king had ordered, following the word of the LORD. 16The priests went into the sanctuary of the LORD to purify it. They brought out to the courtyard of the LORD’s temple everything unclean that they found in the temple of the LORD. The Levites took it and carried it out to the Kidron Valley.t 17They began the consecration on the first day of the first month, and by the eighth day of the month they reached the portico of the LORD. For eight more days they consecrated the temple of the LORD itself, finishing on the sixteenth day of the first month.
18Then they went in to King Hezekiah and reported: “We have purified the entire temple of the LORD, the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, and the table for setting out the consecrated bread, with all its articles. 19We have prepared and consecrated all the articlesu that King Ahaz removed in his unfaithfulness while he was king. They are now in front of the LORD’s altar.”
20Early the next morning King Hezekiah gathered the city officials together and went up to the temple of the LORD. 21They brought seven bulls, seven rams, seven male lambs and seven male goatsv as a sin offering1,w for the kingdom, for the sanctuary and for Judah. The king commanded the priests, the descendants of Aaron, to offer these on the altar of the LORD. 22So they slaughtered the bulls, and the priests took the blood and splashed it against the altar; next they slaughtered the rams and splashed their blood against the altar; then they slaughtered the lambs and splashed their bloodx against the altar. 23The goatsy for the sin offering were brought before the king and the assembly, and they laid their handsz on them. 24The priests then slaughtered the goats and presented their blood on the altar for a sin offering to atonea for all Israel, because the king had ordered the burnt offering and the sin offering for all Israel.b
25He stationed the Levites in the temple of the LORD with cymbals, harps and lyres in the way prescribed by Davidc and Gadd the king’s seer and Nathan the prophet; this was commanded by the LORD through his prophets. 26So the Levites stood ready with David’s instruments,e and the priests with their trumpets.f
27Hezekiah gave the order to sacrifice the burnt offering on the altar. As the offering began, singing to the LORD began also, accompanied by trumpets and the instrumentsg of David king of Israel. 28The whole assembly bowed in worship, while the musicians played and the trumpets sounded. All this continued until the sacrifice of the burnt offeringh was completed.
29When the offerings were finished, the king and everyone present with him knelt down and worshiped.i 30King Hezekiah and his officials ordered the Levites to praise the LORD with the words of David and of Asaph the seer. So they sang praises with gladness and bowed down and worshiped.
31Then Hezekiah said, “You have now dedicated yourselves to the LORD. Come and bring sacrificesj and thank offerings to the temple of the LORD.” So the assembly brought sacrifices and thank offerings, and all whose hearts were willingk brought burnt offerings.
32The number of burnt offeringsl the assembly brought was seventy bulls, a hundred rams and two hundred male lambs—all of them for burnt offerings to the LORD. 33The animals consecrated as sacrifices amounted to six hundred bulls and three thousand sheep and goats. 34The priests, however, were too few to skin all the burnt offerings;m so their relatives the Levites helped them until the task was finished and until other priests had been consecrated,n for the Levites had been more conscientious in consecrating themselves than the priests had been. 35There were burnt offerings in abundance, together with the fato of the fellowship offeringsp and the drink offeringsq that accompanied the burnt offerings.
So the service of the temple of the LORD was reestablished. 36Hezekiah and all the people rejoiced at what God had brought about for his people, because it was done so quickly.r
Hezekiah Celebrates the Passover
1Hezekiah sent word to all Israela and Judah and also wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh,b inviting them to come to the temple of the LORD in Jerusalem and celebrate the Passoverc to the LORD, the God of Israel. 2The king and his officials and the whole assembly in Jerusalem decided to celebrated the Passover in the second month. 3They had not been able to celebrate it at the regular time because not enough priests had consecratede themselves and the people had not assembled in Jerusalem. 4The plan seemed right both to the king and to the whole assembly. 5They decided to send a proclamation throughout Israel, from Beersheba to Dan,f calling the people to come to Jerusalem and celebrate the Passover to the LORD, the God of Israel. It had not been celebrated in large numbers according to what was written.
6At the king’s command, couriers went throughout Israel and Judah with letters from the king and from his officials, which read:
“People of Israel, return to the LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Israel, that he may return to you who are left, who have escaped from the hand of the kings of Assyria. 7Do not be like your parentsg and your fellow Israelites, who were unfaithfulh to the LORD, the God of their ancestors, so that he made them an object of horror,i as you see. 8Do not be stiff-necked,j as your ancestors were; submit to the LORD. Come to his sanctuary, which he has consecrated forever. Serve the LORD your God, so that his fierce angerk will turn away from you. 9If you returnl to the LORD, then your fellow Israelites and your children will be shown compassionm by their captors and will return to this land, for the LORD your God is gracious and compassionate.n He will not turn his face from you if you return to him.”
10The couriers went from town to town in Ephraim and Manasseh, as far as Zebulun, but people scorned and ridiculedo them. 11Nevertheless, some from Asher, Manasseh and Zebulun humbledp themselves and went to Jerusalem.q 12Also in Judah the hand of God was on the people to give them unityr of mind to carry out what the king and his officials had ordered, following the word of the LORD.
13A very large crowd of people assembled in Jerusalem to celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Breads in the second month. 14They removed the altarst in Jerusalem and cleared away the incense altars and threw them into the Kidron Valley.u
15They slaughtered the Passover lamb on the fourteenth day of the second month. The priests and the Levites were ashamed and consecratedv themselves and brought burnt offerings to the temple of the LORD. 16Then they took up their regular positionsw as prescribed in the Law of Moses the man of God. The priests splashed against the altar the blood handed to them by the Levites. 17Since many in the crowd had not consecrated themselves, the Levites had to killx the Passover lambs for all those who were not ceremonially clean and could not consecrate their lambs1 to the LORD. 18Although most of the many people who came from Ephraim, Manasseh, Issachar and Zebulun had not purified themselves,y yet they ate the Passover, contrary to what was written. But Hezekiah prayed for them, saying, “May the LORD, who is good, pardon everyone 19who sets their heart on seeking God—the LORD, the God of their ancestors—even if they are not clean according to the rules of the sanctuary.” 20And the LORD heardz Hezekiah and healeda the people.b
21The Israelites who were present in Jerusalem celebrated the Festival of Unleavened Breadc for seven days with great rejoicing, while the Levites and priests praised the LORD every day with resounding instruments dedicated to the LORD.2
22Hezekiah spoke encouragingly to all the Levites, who showed good understanding of the service of the LORD. For the seven days they ate their assigned portion and offered fellowship offerings and praised3 the LORD, the God of their ancestors.
23The whole assembly then agreed to celebrated the festival seven more days; so for another seven days they celebrated joyfully. 24Hezekiah king of Judah providede a thousand bulls and seven thousand sheep and goats for the assembly, and the officials provided them with a thousand bulls and ten thousand sheep and goats. A great number of priests consecrated themselves. 25The entire assembly of Judah rejoiced, along with the priests and Levites and all who had assembled from Israelf, including the foreigners who had come from Israel and also those who resided in Judah. 26There was great joy in Jerusalem, for since the days of Solomong son of David king of Israel there had been nothing like this in Jerusalem. 27The priests and the Levites stood to blessh the people, and God heard them, for their prayer reached heaven, his holy dwelling place.
1When all this had ended, the Israelites who were there went out to the towns of Judah, smashed the sacred stones and cut downa the Asherah poles. They destroyed the high places and the altars throughout Judah and Benjamin and in Ephraim and Manasseh. After they had destroyed all of them, the Israelites returned to their own towns and to their own property.
Contributions for Worship
31:20-21pp — 2Ki 18:5-7
2Hezekiahb assigned the priests and Levites to divisionsc—each of them according to their duties as priests or Levites—to offer burnt offerings and fellowship offerings, to minister,d to give thanks and to sing praisese at the gates of the LORD’s dwelling.f 3The king contributedg from his own possessions for the morning and evening burnt offerings and for the burnt offerings on the Sabbaths, at the New Moons and at the appointed festivals as written in the Law of the LORD.h 4He ordered the people living in Jerusalem to give the portioni due the priests and Levites so they could devote themselves to the Law of the LORD. 5As soon as the order went out, the Israelites generously gave the firstfruitsj of their grain, new wine,k olive oil and honey and all that the fields produced. They brought a great amount, a tithe of everything. 6The people of Israel and Judah who lived in the towns of Judah also brought a tithel of their herds and flocks and a tithe of the holy things dedicated to the LORD their God, and they piled them in heaps.m 7They began doing this in the third month and finished in the seventh month.n 8When Hezekiah and his officials came and saw the heaps, they praised the LORD and blessedo his people Israel.
9Hezekiah asked the priests and Levites about the heaps; 10and Azariah the chief priest, from the family of Zadok,p answered, “Since the people began to bring their contributions to the temple of the LORD, we have had enough to eat and plenty to spare, because the LORD has blessed his people, and this great amount is left over.”q
11Hezekiah gave orders to prepare storerooms in the temple of the LORD, and this was done. 12Then they faithfully brought in the contributions, tithes and dedicated gifts. Konaniah,r a Levite, was the overseer in charge of these things, and his brother Shimei was next in rank. 13Jehiel, Azaziah, Nahath, Asahel, Jerimoth, Jozabad,s Eliel, Ismakiah, Mahath and Benaiah were assistants of Konaniah and Shimei his brother. All these served by appointment of King Hezekiah and Azariah the official in charge of the temple of God.
14Kore son of Imnah the Levite, keeper of the East Gate, was in charge of the freewill offerings given to God, distributing the contributions made to the LORD and also the consecrated gifts. 15Eden,t Miniamin, Jeshua, Shemaiah, Amariah and Shekaniah assisted him faithfully in the townsu of the priests, distributing to their fellow priests according to their divisions, old and young alike.
16In addition, they distributed to the males three years old or more whose names were in the genealogical recordsv—all who would enter the temple of the LORD to perform the daily duties of their various tasks, according to their responsibilities and their divisions. 17And they distributed to the priests enrolled by their families in the genealogical records and likewise to the Levites twenty years old or more, according to their responsibilities and their divisions. 18They included all the little ones, the wives, and the sons and daughters of the whole community listed in these genealogical records. For they were faithful in consecrating themselves.
19As for the priests, the descendants of Aaron, who lived on the farmlands around their towns or in any other towns,w men were designated by name to distribute portions to every male among them and to all who were recorded in the genealogies of the Levites.
20This is what Hezekiah did throughout Judah, doing what was good and right and faithfulx before the LORD his God. 21In everything that he undertook in the service of God’s temple and in obedience to the law and the commands, he sought his God and worked wholeheartedly. And so he prospered.y
Sennacherib Threatens Jerusalem
32:9-19pp — 2Ki 18:17-35; Isa 36:2-20
32:20-21pp — 2Ki 19:35-37; Isa 37:36-38
1After all that Hezekiah had so faithfully done, Sennacheriba king of Assyria came and invaded Judah. He laid siege to the fortified cities, thinking to conquer them for himself. 2When Hezekiah saw that Sennacherib had come and that he intended to wage war against Jerusalem,b 3he consulted with his officials and military staff about blocking off the water from the springs outside the city, and they helped him. 4They gathered a large group of people who blocked all the springsc and the stream that flowed through the land. “Why should the kings1 of Assyria come and find plenty of water?” they said. 5Then he worked hard repairing all the broken sections of the walld and building towers on it. He built another wall outside that one and reinforced the terraces2,e of the City of David. He also made large numbers of weaponsf and shields.
6He appointed military officers over the people and assembled them before him in the square at the city gate and encouraged them with these words: 7“Be strong and courageous.g Do not be afraid or discouragedh because of the king of Assyria and the vast army with him, for there is a greater power with us than with him.i 8With him is only the arm of flesh,j but with usk is the LORD our God to help us and to fight our battles.”l And the people gained confidence from what Hezekiah the king of Judah said.
9Later, when Sennacherib king of Assyria and all his forces were laying siege to Lachish,m he sent his officers to Jerusalem with this message for Hezekiah king of Judah and for all the people of Judah who were there:
10“This is what Sennacherib king of Assyria says: On what are you basing your confidence,n that you remain in Jerusalem under siege? 11When Hezekiah says, ‘The LORD our God will save us from the hand of the king of Assyria,’ he is misleadingo you, to let you die of hunger and thirst. 12Did not Hezekiah himself remove this god’s high places and altars, saying to Judah and Jerusalem, ‘You must worship before one altarp and burn sacrifices on it’? Photo
13“Do you not know what I and my predecessors have done to all the peoples of the other lands? Were the gods of those nations ever able to deliver their land from my hand?q 14Who of all the gods of these nations that my predecessors destroyed has been able to save his people from me? How then can your god deliver you from my hand? 15Now do not let Hezekiah deceiver you and mislead you like this. Do not believe him, for no god of any nation or kingdom has been able to delivers his people from my hand or the hand of my predecessors.t How much less will your god deliver you from my hand!”
16Sennacherib’s officers spoke further against the LORD God and against his servant Hezekiah. 17The king also wrote lettersu ridiculingv the LORD, the God of Israel, and saying this against him: “Just as the godsw of the peoples of the other lands did not rescue their people from my hand, so the god of Hezekiah will not rescue his people from my hand.” 18Then they called out in Hebrew to the people of Jerusalem who were on the wall, to terrify them and make them afraid in order to capture the city. 19They spoke about the God of Jerusalem as they did about the gods of the other peoples of the world—the work of human hands.x
20King Hezekiah and the prophet Isaiah son of Amoz cried out in prayery to heaven about this. 21And the LORD sent an angel,z who annihilated all the fighting men and the commanders and officers in the camp of the Assyrian king. So he withdrew to his own land in disgrace. And when he went into the temple of his god, some of his sons, his own flesh and blood, cut him down with the sword.a
22So the LORD saved Hezekiah and the people of Jerusalem from the hand of Sennacherib king of Assyria and from the hand of all others. He took care of them3 on every side. 23Many brought offerings to Jerusalem for the LORD and valuable giftsb for Hezekiah king of Judah. From then on he was highly regarded by all the nations.
Hezekiah’s Pride, Success and Death
32:24-33pp — 2Ki 20:1-21; Isa 37:21-38; 38:1-8
24In those days Hezekiah became ill and was at the point of death. He prayed to the LORD, who answered him and gave him a miraculous sign.c 25But Hezekiah’s heart was proudd and he did not respond to the kindness shown him; therefore the LORD’s wrathe was on him and on Judah and Jerusalem. 26Then Hezekiah repentedf of the pride of his heart, as did the people of Jerusalem; therefore the LORD’s wrath did not come on them during the days of Hezekiah.g
27Hezekiah had very great wealth and honor,h and he made treasuries for his silver and gold and for his precious stones, spices, shields and all kinds of valuables. 28He also made buildings to store the harvest of grain, new wine and olive oil; and he made stalls for various kinds of cattle, and pens for the flocks. 29He built villages and acquired great numbers of flocks and herds, for God had given him very great riches.i
30It was Hezekiah who blockedj the upper outlet of the Gihonk spring and channeledl the water down to the west side of the City of David. He succeeded in everything he undertook. 31But when envoys were sent by the rulers of Babylonm to ask him about the miraculous signn that had occurred in the land, God left him to testo him and to know everything that was in his heart.
32The other events of Hezekiah’s reign and his acts of devotion are written in the vision of the prophet Isaiah son of Amoz in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel. 33Hezekiah rested with his ancestors and was buried on the hill where the tombs of David’s descendants are. All Judah and the people of Jerusalem honored him when he died. And Manasseh his son succeeded him as king.