Index

Absurdity, 82–83

Adorno, Theodor

“How to Look at Television,” 112

on pop culture, 112–114

Aesthetics, 24–25

Algorithms, 117, 184

Alienation, 128–130, 136. See also Dehumanization

Allen, Woody

Annie Hall, 62–63

on pessimism, 60, 62–63

Amazon (company), 176

Anders, Günther

on pop culture, 111–114

“World as Phantom and as Matrix, The,” 111

Antinihilism, 17, 21–23, 159. See also Self-righteousness

Anxiety, 76–77, 81–82, 87, 99–101, 106, 109–110

Apathy, 68–73, 109, 165–167

Apple (company), 176

Arendt, Hannah

on bureaucracy, 150–151, 154–159, 182–183

on individualism, 154–159, 165, 167, 178

“Introduction into Politics,” 138–159

on Kafka, 156–157

Life of the Mind, The, 104–105

vs. Marx, 154

vs. Nietzsche, 154–157, 163, 165, 169, 178

on nihilism, 104–105, 159, 167

on politics, 138–159

Aristotle

vs. Descartes, 17–18

and Plato, 18, 139

on politics, 139–141, 144

Artificial intelligence, 117, 184

Asceticism, 47, 49, 51, 54, 56, 163

Atheism, 10, 85

Authenticity, 82

Autonomy, 35, 167, 180. See also Freedom

Beale, Howard, 6

Beauvoir, Simone de

and Descartes, 96

Ethics of Ambiguity, The, 96–103

and existentialism, 82, 87–88, 96, 102

on individualism, 165–167

vs. Nietzsche, 106

on nihilism, 98–106

and postmodernism, 96, 102

Second Sex, The, 86–87

on seriousness, 96–107

Big Lebowski, The, 10

Boredom, 76–77

Breaking Bad, 114

Buddhism, 56, 72

Bureaucracy, 150–151, 153–154, 156, 182–184

Byron, George (Lord), 36

Manfred, 36

Camus, Albert, 82, 87, 96. See also Existentialism

Capitalism, 92, 125. See also Marx, Karl

Caulfield, Holden, 6

Certainty, 16, 19, 22–24, 33, 124, 149–151

Chaplin, Charlie

vs. capitalism, 127

Modern Times, 127

Christianity, 18, 38, 41, 44–47, 49–51, 55–56, 153

Consequentialism, 106–107

Crosby, Donald, 73–74

Specter of the Absurd, The, 73–74

Cynicism, 64–68, 70, 73, 109

Daria, 69–70

Death, 22, 50–51, 60, 65, 80–87, 95, 100–102, 124, 148

Dehumanization, 122, 125, 130, 136–138, 141, 158, 174. See also Alienation

Democracy, 150, 180–181

Denial, 74–75, 81. See also Escapism; Evasion

Descartes, René

as an antinihilist, 21–23, 28

vs. Aristotle, 17–18

and de Beauvoir, 96

on dualism, 22

on the “Evil Demon,” 19, 21

vs. Hume, 23–24, 27–28

vs. Kant, 31–32

Meditations on First Philosophy, 19–22

on proof of God’s existence, 23–24

on skepticism, 19–24, 27

Dostoyevsky, Fyodor

vs. Kafka, 156–157

and Nietzsche, 156–157

Draper, Don, 114

Dualism

mind/body, 22, 128–130

will/intellect, 22

Dystopianism, 68

Education, 116–124, 183

Ellul, Jacques

on technocracy, 181–184

Technological System, The, 174–175, 181–182

on technology, 174–175, 177, 179, 181–184

Empiricism, 24–25, 29–31

Enlightenment, the, 13, 151, 180, 184, 186

Escapism, 22, 27–28, 114, 157, 178. See also Denial; Evasion

Essentialism, 87

Evasion

of anxiety, 82, 99–101, 106, 110

of death, 81–87, 95, 96, 101–102

of freedom, 95, 96–97, 99–102, 110

of humanity, 49–50, 54–56, 63, 74, 82, 95, 178

of life, 47, 49–50, 54, 57, 72, 74, 80–81, 83, 87, 179

of meaning, 38–39, 74, 87–96, 99–100, 102

of politics, 139–140, 154

of reality, 71, 93, 96–97, 114

of responsibility, 64, 85–87, 95, 97, 99–101

Evil, 19, 21, 23, 40–42, 44, 55, 87, 139

Existentialism, 81–88, 94–95, 102

Facebook, 54, 175–176, 180–182

Facts, 10, 25, 93–95, 107

Faith, 20, 23, 78, 81, 155, 163

Fascism, 83, 165–166

Fitbit, 54, 178

Förster-Nietzsche, Elisabeth, 37

Foucault, Michel, 183

Foundationalism, 92–95

Freedom, 21–22, 35–36, 80, 85–87, 95, 96–97, 99–102, 110, 139–146, 152–155. See also Autonomy

Freire, Paulo

on education, 117–125

on oppression, 119–120, 122

Pedagogy of the Oppressed, 117

Freud, Sigmund, 15, 102

Game of Thrones, 114

God

death of, 51–57

existence of, 23–24, 34

as “father of Evil,” 40

as foundation for certainty, 21

as Jesus, 44

as omnipotent, 50–52

as source of guilt, 47

as source of meaning, 63, 83, 85–87, 93–95

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 36

Faust, 36

Google (company), 149, 175–176

Happiness, 22, 35–36, 62–63, 70, 96, 107, 109, 129–130, 148–149, 159, 166–169, 178

Heaven, 44–45, 178

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 42, 99

Heidegger, Martin

Being and Time, 82

and existentialism, 81–82, 85

and Nazism, 170

and Nietzsche, 171

on nihilism, 76, 174

“Question Concerning Technology, The,” 170–174

on technology, 170–174, 176–177, 179, 184

Hell, 44–45, 178

Hipsterism, 72

Hope, 60, 67, 155–156, 169, 186. See also Idealism; Optimism

Humanity, 2, 46, 50–55, 83, 89, 95, 96, 136–137, 150–151, 155, 174, 184

Human nature, 2, 16, 23, 47–50, 54–56, 83, 85

Hume, David

vs. Descartes, 23–24, 27–28

vs. Kant, 28–33

on skepticism, 23–28, 31–33

Treatise of Human Nature, A, 23–28

Hypocrisy, 10, 81

Idealism See also Hope; Optimism; Rationalism

as a philosophical doctrine, 24, 31

as a way of life, 67–68, 73, 109

Individualism, 157–158, 165–169, 178

Internet, 9

Irony, 72

Jacobi, Friedrich, 32

Judge, Mike

vs. capitalism, 127

Office Space, 127

Kafka, Franz

and Arendt, 156–157

vs. Dostoyevsky, 156–157

Trial, The, 156

Kant, Immanuel

vs. Descartes, 31–32

vs. Hume, 28–33

on knowledge, 28–33

on morality, 33–36, 41, 49

vs. Nietzsche, 37, 41, 49

as source of nihilism, 32–33, 36

Kierkegaard, Søren

Concept of Anxiety, The, 81

and existentialism, 81–82

Fear and Trembling, 81

on nihilism, 103–104

Present Age, The, 103–104

Sickness unto Death, The, 81

King Jr., Martin Luther, 63

Kleist, Heinrich von, 32

Late Show with David Letterman, 4

Leisure, 111, 141, 145

Liberation, 141, 151

Life

meaning of, 6, 32–33, 36, 73, 75–82, 87, 90, 99, 106, 109, 135, 137, 144, 147–148

purpose of, 63, 65, 85, 98, 109

Lifelessness, 87, 155–156, 159, 167–169, 178

Lutheranism, 37

Lyotard, Jean-François

Postmodern Condition, The, 88–92

on postmodernism, 88–96, 106

Mad Men, 114

Marx, Karl

“Alienated Labor,” 50, 125

on alienation, 125, 128–130, 135–136

vs. Arendt, 154

vs. capitalism, 125

on dehumanization, 125, 130, 136–137

on labor, 125–137

Meaninglessness, 10, 77, 93, 100, 135

Metaphysics, 13, 67, 77–79, 82, 128, 137, 153

Morality, 33–36, 41–51, 56, 64, 71, 74, 80, 120–122, 163

Mortality, 44, 64, 81, 83, 157. See also Death

Murphy, Eddie, 134

Coming to America, 134

Nazism, 37–38, 83, 101, 170

Negation, 74–75, 104

Netflix, 178

Nietzsche, Friedrich

on active vs. passive nihilism, 39, 161–165, 179, 186

“Anti-Education: On the Future of Our Educational Institutions,” 161

vs. Arendt, 154–157, 163, 165, 169, 178

vs. de Beauvoir, 106

Beyond Good and Evil, 161–162

and Dostoyevsky, 156–157

Ecce Homo, 161

on the future, 161–163

On the Genealogy of Morals, 40–56

on God, 40, 44, 50–52, 55–56

vs. Hegel, 42

and Heidegger, 171

vs. Kant, 37, 41, 49

on morality, 41–56, 71, 120

vs. Nazism, 37–38

on nihilism, 8, 36, 38–40, 49–57, 79–81, 99, 121–122, 186

on pity, 71

on religion, 44–47, 49–52, 55–56

and Schopenhauer, 62

on science, 55

vs. Tartaglia, 76–81

on technology, 178

on the will to power, 47–49

Will to Power, The, 38–40

Nihilism

active vs. passive, 39, 162–165, 179, 186

as an attitude, 74–75, 98–99, 106–107, 110, 137

as belief in nothing, 4–8

and capitalism, 124–137

cause of, 38, 49–51, 56, 87, 95, 110, 151, 158

cosmic, 74, 138

as a cultural phenomenon, 80, 106

definition of, 3–6, 56, 75, 94, 98–99, 102, 104–107, 109, 174

as a disease, 49, 106, 110, 156–157

and education, 116–124, 137

epistemological, 33, 74

existential, 33, 74

first use of, 32

logic of, 100, 110

in the media, 9

moral, 74, 138

political, 35, 74

as a political system, 137–159, 165, 167, 169, 178

and pop culture, 10, 57, 110–116, 137

and technology, 169–179, 184–186

typology of, 74

Normalcy, 5, 10, 57, 83, 111, 137–138, 159, 167, 177, 183

Nothingness, 5–6, 63

Objectivity, 30, 55–56, 74, 143, 175, 183. See also Certainty; Science; Truth

Oppression, 2–3, 35, 44, 119–120, 122, 165–166, 169

Optimism, 63–64, 73, 109. See also Hope; Idealism

Pascal, Blaise, 45

Pessimism, 60–65, 68, 70, 73, 109

Phillips, Wendell, 1–3

Pity, 71–72

Plato

Apology, 147

and Aristotle, 18, 139

on politics, 139, 145–149, 153

Republic, 14, 16, 20, 32, 66–67, 134–136, 148

and Socrates, 14–18

Politics, 138–159, 169, 175, 179, 181–182, 184

Postmodernism, 88–95, 102

Prejudice, 25, 153–154, 183–184

Progress, 10, 25, 49, 55, 90, 127, 150–151, 153, 155, 175, 178–180, 184, 186

Racism, 165–166, 183

Radio, 9, 111–112

Rand, Ayn, 102

Rationalism, 24, 31. See also Idealism

Rationality, 24–25, 34–35, 46, 103–104

Reality, 15, 17, 22, 30–32, 67–68, 92–93, 135–137, 144–145, 149–150, 172, 178

Reason, 30, 46, 135

Reddit, 54

Relativism, 75, 92

Religion, 45, 55–56

Responsibility, 52, 64, 85–87, 95, 97, 100–101, 121, 165–166

Rights, 97–98

Romero, George A. See also Zombies

vs. capitalism, 130

on the living dead, 130

Rowling, J. K., 148

Russian Nihilists, 3, 36

Sartre, Jean–Paul, 82, 85, 87, 95, 96. See also Existentialism

Schopenhauer, Arthur, 62

Science, 19, 22, 24, 30, 33–34, 55–56, 86, 88–95, 107, 149–151, 153, 155, 163, 182–184. See also Certainty; Faith; Religion

Seinfeld, Jerry, 4–5

Seinfeld, 10

Self, 25–27, 35, 51

Self-righteousness, 6–10. See also Antinihilism

Sexism, 183

Simpson, Lisa, 6

Skepticism, 6, 19, 23–24, 27, 31, 33, 65

Slavery, 2, 42–46, 50, 52, 56, 141, 145, 151–152

Socrates. See also Plato

as an antinihilist, 17, 21–22

as father of philosophy, 13–14

as father of self-righteousness, 13–14

on the foundations of knowledge, 14–18, 20–22, 33, 51, 134–135

as an idealist, 67–68

on justice, 14, 66–68

and Plato, 14–18

trial of, 16–17

Solipsism, 27

Soul, 25, 46, 67, 148

Stoicism, 72

Tartaglia, James

vs. Nietzsche, 76–81

on nihilism, 75–81, 100

Philosophy in a Meaningless Life, 75

Technocracy, 181–182

Technology, 169–179

Television, 9–10, 111–113, 116

Tinder, 54, 176

True Detective, 10

Truth, 17, 20–22, 30, 74, 90, 145–151, 163, 180

Turgenev, Ivan, 36

Fathers and Sons, 36

Twitter, 169, 176

Utopianism, 68, 139

Values, 3, 36, 39, 41, 43–47, 51, 55–56, 80, 90–92, 104, 121–122, 150, 179–181, 184, 186

White, Walter, 114

Will, 22

to mastery, 171

to power, 47–49

Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 88

Worldlessness, 154–155

Zombies, 130

Zuckerberg, Mark, 180–182. See also Facebook