Tanja
Go to Africa. As you step off the boat, you realize that the crossing (less than an hour) has taken you farther culturally than did the trip from the US to Spain. Morocco needs no museums; its sights are living in the streets. For decades, its once-grand coastal city of Tangier deserved its reputation as the “Tijuana of Africa.” But that has changed. King Mohammad VI is enthusiastic about Tangier, and there’s a fresh can-do spirit in the air. The town is as Moroccan as ever...yet more enjoyable and less stressful.
Though Morocco certainly deserves more than a day, many visitors touring Spain see it in a side-trip. And, though such a short sprint through Tangier is only a tease, it’s far more interesting than another day in Spain. A day in Tangier gives you a good introduction to Morocco, a legitimate taste of North Africa, and an authentic slice of Islam. All you need is a passport (no visa or shots required) and around €65 for a tour package or the round-trip ferry crossing.
Your big decisions are when to sail; whether to go on your own or with a ferry/guided tour day-trip package; and how long to stay (day-trip or overnight). Of these, the most important question is:
With a Tour or on My Own? Because the ferry company expects you to do a lot of shopping (providing them with kickbacks), it’s actually about the same cost to join a one-day tour as it is to buy a round-trip ferry ticket. Do you want the safety and comfort of having Morocco handed to you on a user-friendly platter? Or do you want the independence to see what you want to see, with fewer cultural clichés and less forced shopping? There are pros and cons to each approach, depending on your travel style.
On a package tour, visitors are met by a guide, taken on a bus tour and a walk through the old-town market, offered a couple of crass Kodak moments with snake charmers and desert dancers, and given lunch with live music and belly dancing. Then they visit a big shop and are hustled back down to their boat where—five hours after they landed—they return to the First World thankful they don’t have diarrhea.
The alternative is to take the ferry and see Morocco on your own. Morocco is cheap and relatively safe. Independent adventurers get to see all the sights and avoid all the kitsch. You can catch a morning boat and spend the entire day, returning that evening; extend with an overnight in Tangier; or even head deeper into Morocco (if you do that, you’ll need another guidebook).
My preferred approach is a hybrid: Go to Morocco “on your own,” but arrange in advance to meet a local guide to ease your culture shock and accompany you to your choice of sights (I’ve listed several guides on here). While this costs a bit more than joining a package tour, ultimately the cost difference (roughly €10-20 more per person) is pretty negligible, considering the dramatically increased cultural intimacy.
Time Difference: Morocco is on Greenwich Mean Time (like Great Britain), so it’s one hour behind Spain. It observes Daylight Saving Time at the same time as Europe (Morocco “springs forward” in late March and “falls back” in late October), except during the month of Ramadan—May 15-June 14 in 2018. During Ramadan, Morocco is two hours behind Spain (which means the daylight fasting hours end earlier in the evening).
In general, ferry and other schedules use the local time (if your boat leaves Tangier “at 17:00,” that means 5:00 p.m. Moroccan time—not Spanish time). Be sure to change your watch when you get off the boat.
Terminology: Note that the Spanish refer to Morocco as “Marruecos” (mar-WAY-kohs) and Tangier as “Tánger” (TAHN-hair).
While the trip to Tangier can be made from various ports, only the ferry from Tarifa takes you to Tangier’s city-center port, the Tangier Medina Port (Spaniards call it the Puerto Viejo, “Old Port”). The port is in the midst of a massive renovation and beautification project expected to last through 2018 or later. (The project keeps advancing, but locals tend to be overly optimistic about the finish date.) The improvements will stick the fishermen on one side, renovate the beach, extend the pier to accommodate large cruise ships, and create a marina for yachts, while more directly connecting the port with the old town.
Note that ferries also travel from Algeciras and Gibraltar to Morocco, but they arrive at the Tangier MED Port, 25 miles from downtown (connected to the Tangier Medina Port by a free one-hour shuttle bus). But the most logical route for the typical traveler is the one I’ll describe here—sailing from Tarifa to Tangier’s city-center Medina Port.
Ferry Schedule and Tickets: Two companies make the 35-minute crossing from Tarifa, Spain to Tangier, Morocco, with a ferry departing about every hour from 8:00 to 22:00. FRS ferries depart Tarifa on odd hours (9:00, 11:00, and so on; tel. 956-681-830, www.frs.es) and InterShipping ferries leave Tarifa most even hours (8:00, 10:00, and so on—but confirm schedule; tel. 956-684-729, www.intershipping.es). Returns are just the opposite: FRS departs Tangier on even hours and InterShipping on odd hours. Both companies have ticket offices at the Tarifa ferry terminal. Prices are roughly €37 one-way and €67 round-trip. Return boats from Tangier to Tarifa run from about 7:00 to 21:00.
Tickets are easy to get: you can buy them online (exchange your online voucher for a ticket at the port), at the port, through your hotel in Tarifa, or from a Tarifa travel agency (you may be asked for your passport when you buy your ticket). You can also get FRS tickets at their offices in Tarifa: one is just outside the old-town wall, at the corner of Avenida de Andalucía and Avenida de la Constitución (closed Sun, tel. 956-681-830); the other location is near the port on Calle Alcalde Juan Núñez 2 (open daily; see map on here for both locations). You can almost always just buy a ticket and walk on, though in the busiest summer months (July-Aug), the popular 8:00 and 9:00 departures can fill up. Boats are most crowded in July, August, and during the month of Ramadan. A few crossings a year are canceled because of storms or wind, mostly in winter.
Ferry Crossing: The ferry from Tarifa is a fast Nordic hydrofoil that theoretically takes 35 minutes to cross. It often leaves late, but you’ll still want to arrive early to give yourself time to clear customs (making the whole trip take closer to an hour). You’ll go through Spanish customs at the port and Moroccan customs on the ferry. Whether taking a tour or traveling on your own, you must get a stamp (only available on board) from the Moroccan immigration officer: After you leave Tarifa, find the Moroccan customs officer on the boat (usually in a corner booth that’s been turned into an impromptu office), line up early, and get your passport and entry paper—which they keep—stamped. The ferry is equipped with WCs, a shop, and a snack bar. Tarifa’s modern little terminal has a cafeteria and WCs.
Hiring a Guide: If you forgo a package tour, I recommend hiring a local guide to show you around Tangier (for recommendations, see “Local Guides” on here).
Returning to Tarifa: It’s smart to return to the port about 30 minutes before your ferry departs. For the return trip, you must complete a yellow passport-control form and get an exit stamp at the Tangier ferry terminal before you board.
Taking a package tour is easier but less rewarding than doing it on your own or with a private local guide. A typical day-trip tour includes a round-trip crossing and a guide who meets your big group at a prearranged point in Tangier, then hustles you through the hustlers and onto your tour bus. Several guides await the arrival of each ferry in Tangier and assemble their groups. (Tourists wear stickers identifying which tour they’re with.) All offer essentially the same five-hour Tangier experience: a city bus tour, a drive through the ritzy palace neighborhood, a walk through the medina (old town), and an overly thorough look at a sales-starved carpet shop (where prices include a 20 percent commission for your guide and tour company; some carpet shops are actually owned by the ferry company). Longer tours may include a trip to the desolate Atlantic Coast for some rugged African scenery, and the famous ride-a-camel stop (five-minute camel ride for a couple of euros). Any tour wraps up with lunch in a palatial Moroccan setting with live music (and non-Moroccan belly dancing), topped off by a final walk back to your boat through a gauntlet of desperate merchants.
Sound cheesy? It is. But no amount of packaging can gloss over this exotic and different culture. This kind of cultural voyeurism is almost embarrassing, but it’s nonstop action.
You rarely need to book a tour more than a day in advance, even during peak season. Tours generally cost about €55-65 (less than a round-trip ferry ticket alone; they are counting on you buying). Prices are roughly the same no matter where you buy. While some agencies run their own tours, others simply sell tickets on excursions operated by FRS or InterShipping. Ultimately, it’s the luck of the draw as to which guide you’re assigned. Don’t worry about which tour company you select. (They’re all equally bad.)
Tours leave Tarifa on a variable schedule throughout the day: For example, one tour may depart at 9:00 and return at 15:00, the next could run 11:00-19:00 (offering a longer experience), and the next 13:00-19:00. If you’re an independent type on a one-day tour, you could stay with your group until you return to the ferry dock, and then just slip back into town on your own, thinking, “Freedom!” You’re welcome to use your return ferry ticket on a later boat. (Note that tickets are not interchangeable between the two ferry companies.)
If you want a longer visit, it’s cheap to book a package through the ferry company that includes a one-night stay in a Tangier hotel. There are also two-day options with frills (all meals and excursions outside the city) or no-frills (no guiding or meals—€50-60 for a basic overnight, €10-12 extra in peak season; two-day options range from €70-110).
Booking a Package Tour: If you’re taking one of these tours, you may as well book directly with the ferry company (see contact information earlier, under “Ferry Schedule and Tickets,” or visit their offices at the port in Tarifa), or through your hotel (you’ll pay the same; if you know you want to visit Morocco with a tour, ask your hotel to book it when you reserve). There’s not much reason to book with a travel agency, but offices all over southern Spain and in Tarifa sell ferry tickets and seats on tours. In Tarifa, Luís and Antonio at Baelo Tour offer Rick Steves readers a 10 percent discount; they also have baggage storage (daily in summer 7:00-21:00, across from TI at Avenida de la Constitución 5, tel. 956-681-242); other Tarifa-based agencies are Tarifa Travel and Travelsur (both on Avenida de Andalucía, above the old-town walls). For travel agency locations in Tarifa, see the map on here.
Artists, writers, and musicians have always loved Tangier. Delacroix and Matisse were drawn by its evocative light. The Beat generation, led by William S. Burroughs and Jack Kerouac, sought the city’s multicultural, otherworldly feel. Paul Bowles found his sheltering sky here. From the 1920s through the 1950s, Tangier was an “international city,” too strategic to give to any one nation, and jointly governed by as many as nine different powers, including France, Spain, Britain, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands...and Morocco. The city was a tax-free zone (since there was no single authority to collect taxes), which created a booming free-for-all atmosphere, attracting playboy millionaires, bon vivants, globe-trotting scoundrels, con artists, and expat romantics. Tangier enjoyed a cosmopolitan Golden Age that, in many ways, shaped the city visitors see today.
Tangier is always defying expectations. Ruled by Spain in the 19th century and France in the 20th, it’s a rare place where signs are in three languages...and English doesn’t make the cut. In this Muslim city, you’ll find a synagogue, Catholic and Anglican churches, and the town’s largest mosque in close proximity.
Because of its “international zone” status, Morocco’s previous king effectively disowned the city, denying it national funds for improvements. Over time, neglected Tangier became the armpit of Morocco. But when the new king—Mohammed VI—was crowned in 1999, the first city he visited was Tangier. His vision has been to restore Tangier to its former glory.
While the city (with a population of 950,000 and growing quickly) has a long way to go, restorations are taking place on a grand scale: the beach has been painstakingly cleaned, the Kasbah is getting spruced up, pedestrian promenades are popping up, and gardens bloom with lush new greenery. A futuristic soccer stadium opened in 2011, and the city-center port is being converted into a huge, slick leisure-craft complex that will handle cruise megaships, yachts, and ferries from Tarifa.
I’m uplifted by the new Tangier—it’s affluent and modern without having abandoned its roots. Many visitors are impressed by the warmth of the Moroccan people. Notice how they touch their right hand to their heart after shaking hands or saying, “thank you”—a kind gesture meant to emphasize sincerity. (In Islam, the right hand is seen as pure, while the left hand is impure. Moroccans who eat with their hands—as many civilized people do in this part of the world—always eat with their right hand; the left hand is for washing.)
A visit to Morocco—so close to Europe, yet embracing the Arabic language and script and Muslim faith—lets a Westerner marinated in anti-Muslim propaganda see what Islam aspires to be and can be...and realize it is not a threat.
If you’re not on a package tour, arrange for a guide to meet you at the ferry dock (see “Local Guides” on here), hire a guide upon arrival, or head on your own to the big square called the Grand Socco to get oriented (you could walk, but it’s easier to catch a Petit Taxi from the port to the Grand Socco). Get your bearings with my Grand Socco spin-tour, then delve into the old town (the lower medina, with the Petit Socco, market, and American Legation Museum; and the upper medina’s Kasbah, with its museum and residential lanes). With more time, take a taxi to sightsee along the beach and then along Avenue Mohammed VI, through the urban new town, and back to the port. You’ll rarely see other tourists outside the tour-group circuit.
Like almost every city in Morocco, Tangier is split in two: old and new. From the ferry dock you’ll see the old town (medina)—encircled by its medieval wall. The old town has the markets, the Kasbah (with its palace and the mosque of the Kasbah—marked by the higher of the two minarets you see), cheap hotels, characteristic guesthouses, homes both decrepit and recently renovated, and 2,000 wannabe guides. The twisty, hilly streets of the old town are caged within a wall accessible by keyhole gates. The larger minaret (on the left) belongs to the modern Mohammed V mosque—the biggest one in town.
The new town, with the TI and modern international-style hotels, sprawls past the port zone to your left. The big square, Grand Socco, is the hinge between the old and new parts of town.
Note that while tourists (and this guidebook) refer to the twisty old town as “the medina,” locals consider both the old and new parts of the city center to be medinas.
Tangier is the third-largest city in Morocco, and many visitors assume they’ll get lost here. While the city could use more street signs, it’s laid out simply, and maps are posted at the major gates. In the maze-like medina, efforts are being made to post street names on ceramic plaques on the corners of buildings, as well as signs directing you to sights in the Kasbah. Nevertheless, you are bound to get turned around. Nothing listed under “Sights in Tangier” is more than a 20-minute walk from the port, which is always downhill. Petit Taxis (described later, under “Getting Around Tangier”) are a remarkably cheap godsend for the hot and tired tourist. Use them liberally.
Because so many different colonial powers have had a finger in this city, it goes by many names: In English, it’s Tangier; in French, Tanger (tahn-zhay); in Arabic, it’s Tanja (TAHN-zhah); in Spanish, Tánger (TAHN-hair); and so on. Unless you speak Arabic, French is the handiest second language, followed by Spanish and (finally) English.
The TI, about a 15-minute gradual uphill walk from the Grand Socco, is not particularly helpful (English is in short supply, but a little French goes a long way). But at least you can pick up a free town brochure—in French only—with a town map (Mon-Fri 8:30-16:30, closed Sat-Sun, in new town at Boulevard Pasteur 29, tel. 0539-948-050).
If you’re taking a tour, just follow the leader. If you’re on your own, you’ll want to head for the Grand Socco to get oriented. You can either take a taxi (cheap) or walk (about 10 gently but potentially confusing uphill minutes through the colorful lanes of the medina). The entire port area is undergoing extensive reconstruction through at least 2018, so you may find some changes from the way things are described here.
Given the renovations at the port, and the hilly nature of the city, a small blue Petit Taxi is the best way to get into town (described later, under “Getting Around Tangier”). Because prices from the port are not regulated, confirm what you’ll pay before you hop in. An honest cabbie will charge you 20-30 dh (about $3) for a ride from the ferry into town; less scrupulous drivers will try to charge closer to 100 dh.
If you’re determined to walk into town, head out through the port entrance gate (by the mosque), cross the busy street to an open lot, and then follow the old city walls, with the landmark Hotel Continental on your right. After passing the Hotel Continental, look for a street ramp at the end of the lot. Go up this ramp onto Rue de Portugal, and follow it as it curves around the old city wall. At the corner of the wall, take the first right onto Rue de la Plage. This will lead you past the market and into the Grand Socco.
The Tangier Airport (Aeroport Ibn Battouta, airport code: TNG) is small, new-feeling, slick, and well-organized, with ATMs, cafés, and other amenities. Air Arabia, Iberia, Royal Air Maroc, Ryanair, and Vueling fly from here to Madrid and other cities in Spain, as well as other major European destinations.
To get into downtown Tangier, taxis should run you about 150 dh and take 30 minutes. If spending the night, ask your hotel to arrange for a taxi and the fare in advance, which feels less intimidating—they generally charge the same as hiring a taxi on your own.
There are two types of taxis: avoid the big, beige Mercedes “Grand Taxis,” which are the most aggressive and don’t use their meters (they’re designed for longer trips outside the city center, are OK for the airport, but have been known to take tourists for a ride in town...in more ways than one). Look instead for Petit Taxis—blue with a yellow stripe (they fit 2-3 people). These generally use their meters, are very cheap, and only circulate within the city. However, at the port, Petit Taxis are allowed to charge whatever you’ll pay without using the meter, so it’s essential to agree on a price up front.
Be aware that Tangier taxis sometimes “double up”—if you’re headed somewhere, the driver may pick up someone else who’s going in the same direction. However, you don’t get to split the fare: Each of you pays full price (even though sometimes the other passenger’s route takes you a bit out of your way).
When you get in a taxi, be prepared for a white-knuckle experience. Drivers, who treat lanes only as suggestions, prefer to straddle the white lines rather than stay inside them. Pedestrians add to the mayhem by fearlessly darting out every which way along the street. It’s best to just close your eyes.
Money: The exchange rate is 10 dh = about $1; 11 dh = about €1. If you’re on a tour or only day-tripping, you can just stick with euros—most businesses happily take euros or even dollars. But for a longer stay, it’s classier to use the local currency—and you’ll save money. If you’re on your own, it’s fun to get a pocketful of dirhams.
An ATM is located at the port exchange desks in the parking lot of the port, and a few others are around the Grand Socco (look for one just to the left of the archway entrance into the medina); more are opposite the TI along Boulevard Pasteur. ATMs work as you expect them to, and are often less hassle than exchanging money. Banks and ATMs have uniform rates.
If you can’t find an ATM, exchange desks are quick, easy, and fair. (Just understand the buy-and-sell rates—they should be within 10 percent of one another with no other fee. If you change €50 into dirhams and immediately change the dirhams back, you should have about €45.) Look for the official Bureaux de Change offices, where you’ll get better rates than at the banks. There are some on Boulevard Pasteur, and a handful between the Grand and Petit Soccos. The official change offices all offer the same rates, so there’s no need to shop around.
Convert your dirhams back to euros before catching the ferry—it’s cheap and easy to do here (change desks at the port keep long hours), but very difficult once you’re back in Spain.
Phoning: To call Tangier from Spain, dial 00 (Europe’s international access code), 212 (Morocco’s country code), then the local number (dropping the initial zero). To dial Tangier from elsewhere in Morocco, dial the local number in full (keeping the initial zero). If roaming, one of the three Moroccan carriers will pick up your signal: Maroc Telecom, Orange, or Inwi.
Keeping Your Bearings: Tangier’s maps and street signs are frustrating. I ask in French for the landmark: Où est...? (“Where is...?,” pronounced oo ay, as in “oo ay medina?” or “oo ay Kasbah?”). It can be fun to meet people this way. However, most people who offer to help you (especially those who approach you) are angling for a tip—young and old, locals see dollar signs when a traveler approaches. To avoid getting unwanted company, ask for directions only from people who can’t leave what they’re doing (such as the only clerk in a shop) or from women who aren’t near men. There are fewer hustlers in the new (but less interesting) part of town. Be aware that most people don’t know the names of the smaller streets (which don’t usually have signs), and tend to navigate by landmarks. In case you get the wrong directions, ask three times and go with the consensus. If there’s no consensus, it’s time to hop into a Petit Taxi.
Mosques: Tangier’s mosques (and virtually all of Morocco’s) are closed to non-Muslim visitors.
For information on guided day-trip tours including the ferry to Tangier from Tarifa, Spain, see “Taking a Package Tour” on here.
If you’re on your own, you’ll be to street guides what a horse’s tail is to flies...all day long. Seriously—it can be exhausting to constantly deflect come-ons from anyone who sees you open a guidebook. If only to have your own translator, and a shield from less scrupulous touts who hit up tourists constantly throughout the old town, I recommend hiring a guide.
When you hire a guide, be very clear about your interests. Guides, hoping to get a huge commission from your purchases, can cleverly turn your Tangier day into the Moroccan equivalent of the Shopping Channel. Truth be told, some of these guides would work for free, considering all the money they make on commissions when you buy stuff. State outright that you want to experience the place, its people, and the culture—not its shopping. Request an outline of what your tour will include, and once your tour is underway, if your guide deviates from your expectations, speak up.
The guides that I’ve worked with and recommend here speak great English, are easy to get along with, will meet you at the ferry dock, and charge fixed rates. Any of these guides will make your Tangier experience more enjoyable for a negligible cost. They can also book your ferry tickets for the same cost as booking directly: They’ll give you a reference number to give at the ticket office in Tarifa, then you’ll pay them for the tickets when you meet in Tangier. While each has their own specific itineraries, the two basic options are more or less the same: a half-day walking tour around the medina and Kasbah (generally 3-5 hours); or a full-day “grand tour” that includes the walk around town as well as a minibus ride to outlying viewpoints—the Caves of Hercules and Cape Spartel (7-8 hours, generally also includes lunch at your expense in a restaurant the guide suggests). Prices are fairly standard from guide to guide. If you’re very pleased with your guide, he’ll appreciate a tip. If you’re displeased with your guide, please let me know at www.ricksteves.com.
Aziz (“Africa”) Benami is energetic and fun to spend the day with. He seems to be on a first-name basis with everyone in town, and will happily tailor a tour to your interests (half-day walking tour-€15/person, full-day minibus and walking tour-€35/person, full-day tour including round-trip ferry to/from Tarifa-€79/person, traditional Moroccan lunch-€15/person, market visit and cooking class-€65/person or €55 if added to walking tour, also offers day and multiday trips to destinations across Morocco, mobile 06-6105-0537, from the US or Canada dial toll-free 1-888-745-7305, www.tangierprivateguide.com, info@tangierprivateguide.com).
Aziz Begdouri is an old Rick Steves friend who runs private tours of Tangier and the area. He also manages the recommended hotel La Maison Blanche. Contact him in advance to decide how he can create a tour for you (€45/person, mobile 06-6163-9332, Spanish mobile 600-625-655, aziztour@hotmail.com).
Ahmed Taoumi, who has been guiding for more than 30 years, has a friendly and professorial style (half-day walking tour including short panoramic car ride up into town-€20/person, full-day grand tour with minibus-€35/person, also offers minibus side-trips to nearby destinations and discounted ferry tickets, mobile 06-6166-5429, from Spain dial 00-212-6-6166-5429, www.visitangier.com, taoumitour@hotmail.com).
Abdellatif (“Latif”) Chebaa is personable and is dedicated to making visitors comfortable (half-day walking tour-€15/person, grand tour-€35/person, mobile 06-6107-2014, from Spain dial 00-212-6-6107-2014, visittangier@gmail.com).
Other Options: I’ve had good luck with the private guides who meet the boat. If you’re a decent judge of character, try interviewing guides when you get off the ferry to find one you click with, then check for an official license and negotiate a good price. These hardworking, English-speaking guides offer their services for the day for €15.
▲Tangier American Legation Museum
This big, bustling square is a transportation hub, market, popular meeting point, and the fulcrum between the new town and the old town (medina). A few years ago, it was a pedestrian nightmare and a perpetual traffic jam. But now, like much of Tangier, it’s on the rise. Many of the sights mentioned in this spin-tour are described in more detail later in this chapter.
Self-Guided Spin-Tour: The Grand Socco is a good place to get oriented to the heart of Tangier. Stand on the square between the fountain and the mosque (the long building with arches and the tall tower). We’ll do a slow clockwise spin.
Start by facing the mosque—newly remodeled with a long arcade of keyhole arches, and with a colorfully tiled minaret. Morocco is a decidedly Muslim nation, though its take on Islam (see “Islam 101,” here) is progressive, likely owing to the country’s crossroads history. For example, women are relatively free to dress as they like. Five times a day, you’ll hear the call to prayer echo across the rooftops of Tangier, from minarets like this one. Unlike many Muslim countries, Morocco doesn’t allow non-Muslims to enter its mosques (with the exception of its biggest and most famous one, in Casablanca). This custom may have originated decades ago, when occupying French foreign legion troops spent the night in a mosque, entertaining themselves with wine and women. Following this embarrassing desecration, it was the French government—not the Moroccans—who instituted the ban that persists today.
Some visitors to Tangier expect to see women completely covered head-to-toe by their kaftans. In fact, only about one-quarter of Moroccan women adhere strictly to this religious code. Some just cover their head (allowing their face to be seen), while others eliminate the head scarf altogether. Some women wear only Western-style clothing. This change in dress visibly reflects deeper shifts in Moroccan attitudes about women’s rights.
Morocco is one of the more progressive Muslim countries. As in any border country, contact with other cultures fosters the growth of new ideas. Bombarded with Spanish television and visitors like you, change is inevitable. Another proponent of change is King Mohammed VI, who was only 35 years old when he rose to the throne in 1999. For the first time in the country’s history, the king personally selected a female adviser to demonstrate his commitment to change. The king also married a commoner for...get this...love. And even more shocking, she’s seen in public. (Sexual mores are traditional, however—sex outside of marriage is illegal in Morocco, as is homosexual behavior.)
But recent times have brought transformations to Moroccan society. Schools are now coed (something taken for granted in the West for decades), although many more boys than girls are enrolled in school, especially in rural areas. In 2004, the legal age for women to marry was raised to 18 instead of 15 (although arranged marriages are still commonplace). Other changes made it more difficult to have a second wife. Verbal divorce and abandonment are no longer legal—disgruntled husbands must now take their complaints to court. And for the first time, women can divorce their husbands. If children are involved, whoever takes care of the kids gets the house.
Morocco took another step forward with its 2011 constitutional reforms, which guarantee women “civic and social” equality. But it will take time for changes in the law to be thoroughly translated into practice.
Locals say that in this very cosmopolitan city, any time you see a mosque, you’ll find a church nearby. Sure enough, peeking up behind the mosque, you can barely make out the white, crenellated top of the Anglican Church’s tower (or at least the English flag above it—a red cross on a white field). A fascinating architectural hybrid of Muslim and Christian architecture, this house of worship is well worth a visit.
Also behind the mosque, you can see parts of a sprawling market. (This features mostly modern goods; the far more colorful produce, meat, and fish market is across the square.) Those market stalls used to fill the square you’re standing in; traditionally the Grand Socco was Tangier’s hub for visiting merchants. The gates of town would be locked each evening, and vendors who did not arrive in time spent the night in this area. (Nearby were many caravanserai—old-fashioned inns.) But several years ago, this square was dramatically renovated by the visionary king, Mohammed VI, and given a new name: “April 9th 1947 Square,” commemorating the date in 1947 when an earlier king, Mohammed V, appealed to his French overlords to grant his country its independence. (France eventually complied, peacefully, in 1956.) In just the last few years, Mohammed VI tamed the traffic, added the fountain you’re standing next to, and turned this into a delightfully people-friendly space.
Spin a few more degrees to the right, where you’ll see the crenellated gateway marked Tribunal de Commerce—the entrance to the Mendoubia Gardens, a pleasant park with a gigantic tree and a quirky history that reflects the epic story of Tangier (particularly from the 1920s to the 1950s, when multiple foreign powers shared control of this city). At the top of the garden gateway, notice the Moroccan flag: a green five-pointed star on a red field. The five points of the star represent the five pillars of Islam (see “Islam 101” sidebar, here); green is the color of peace, and red represents the struggles of hard-fought Moroccan history.
Spinning farther right, you’ll see the keyhole arch marking the entrance to the medina. (If you need cash, notice the ATM and exchange booths just to the left of this gateway.) To reach the heart of the medina—the Petit Socco (the café-lined little brother of the square you’re on now)—go through this arch and take the first right.
In front of the arch, you’ll likely see day laborers looking for work. Each one rests next to a symbol of the kind of work he specializes in: a bucket of paintbrushes for a painter, a coil of wiring for an electrician, and a loop of hose for a plumber.
Speaking of people looking for work, how many locals have offered to show you around (“Hey! What you looking for? I help you!”) since you’ve been standing here, holding this guidebook? Get used to it. While irritating, it’s understandable. To these very poor people, you’re impossibly rich—your pocket change is at least a good day’s wage. If someone pesters you, you can simply ignore them, or say “Lah shokran” (No, thank you). But be warned: The moment you engage them, you’ve just prolonged the sales pitch.
Back to our spin-tour: To the right of the main arch, and just before the row of green rooftops, is the low-profile entrance to the market (souk). A barrage on all the senses, this is a fascinating place to explore. The row of green rooftops leads toward Rue de la Plage, with more market action.
Continue spinning another quarter-turn to the tall, white building at the top of the square labeled Cinema Rif. This historic movie house still plays films (in Arabic, French, and occasionally English). The street to the left of the cinema takes you to Rue de la Liberté, which eventually leads through the modern town to the TI (about a 15-minute walk). Just to the right of the cinema, notice the yellow terrace, which offers the best view over the Grand Socco (just go up the staircase). It’s also part of a café, where you can order a Moroccan tea (green tea, fresh mint, and lots of sugar), enjoy the view over the square, and plot your next move.
St. Andrew’s Anglican Church, tucked behind a showpiece mosque, embodies Tangier’s mingling of Muslim and Christian tradition. The land on which the church sits was a gift from the sultan to the British community in 1881, during Queen Victoria’s era. Shortly thereafter, this church was built. Although fully Christian, the church is designed in the style of a Muslim mosque. The Lord’s Prayer rings the arch in Arabic, as verses of the Quran would in a mosque. Knock on the door—Ali or his son Yassin will greet you and give you a “thank you very much” tour. The garden surrounding the church is a tranquil, parklike cemetery. On Sundays and Thursdays, an impromptu Berber farmers market occupies the sidewalk out front (about 9:00-13:00).
Cost and Hours: A tip of about 20 dh is appreciated; open daily 9:30-18:00 except closed during Sunday services.
This pleasant park, accessed through the castle-like archway off of the Grand Socco, is a favorite place for locals to hang out, and also has a surprising history. Walk through the gateway to see the trunk of a gigantic banyan tree, which, according to local legend, dates from the 12th century. Notice how the extra supportive roots have grown from the branches down to the ground.
The large building to the left—today the business courthouse (Tribunal de Commerce)—was built to house the representative of the Moroccan king, back in the early 20th century when Tangier was ruled as a protectorate of various European powers and needed an ambassador of sorts to keep an eye out for Moroccan interests. The smaller house on the right (behind the giant tree) is currently the marriage courthouse (used exclusively for getting married or divorced), but it was once the headquarters of the German delegation in Tangier. France originally kept Germany out of the protectorate arrangement by giving them territory along the Congo River. But in 1941, when Germany was on the rise in Europe and allied with Spain’s Franco, it joined the mix of ruling powers in Tangier. Although Germans were only here for a short time (until mid-1942), they have a small cemetery in what’s now the big park in front of you. Go up the stairs and around the blocky Arabic monument. At the bases of the trees beyond it, you’ll find headstones of German graves...an odd footnote in the very complex history of this intriguing city.
In the oldest part of the new town, this street is the axis of cosmopolitan Tangier. The street is lined with legendary cafés, the most storied of which is the Gran Café de Paris, which has been doing business here since 1920 (daily early until late, at Place de France, just across from the French consulate). Moroccans call this the “tennis” street because while sitting at an al fresco café, your head will be constantly swiveling back and forth to watch the passing parade.
A block farther along is the beautiful Place de Faro terrace, with its cannons and views back to Spain. It’s nicknamed “Terrace of the Lazy Ones”: instead of making the trek down to the harbor, family members came here in the old days to see if they could spot ships returning with loved ones who’d been to Mecca.
Tangier’s medina is its convoluted old town—a twisty mess of narrow stepped lanes, dead-end alleys, and lots of local life spilling out into the streets. It’s divided roughly into two parts: the lower medina, with the Petit Socco, market, American Legation, and bustling street life; and, at the top, the more tranquil Kasbah.
A maze of winding lanes and tiny alleys weave through the old-town market area. Write down the name of the gate you came in, so you can enjoy being lost—temporarily. In an effort to help orient hopelessly turned-around tourists, Tangier has installed map signboards with suggested walking tours at the major medina gates.
This little square, also called Souk Dahel (“Inner Market”), is the center of the lower medina. Lined with tea shops and cafés, it has a romantic quality that has long made it a people magnet. In the 1920s, it was the meeting point for Tangier’s wealthy and influential elite; by the 1950s and ’60s, it drew Jack Kerouac and his counterculture buddies. Nursing a coffee or a mint tea here, it’s easy to pretend you’re a Beat Generation rebel, dropping out from Western society and delving deeply into an exotic, faraway culture. More recently, filmmakers have been drawn here. Scenes from both The Bourne Ultimatum and Inception were filmed on the streets between the Grand and Petit Soccos.
The Petit Socco is ideal for some casual people-watching over a drink. You can go to one of the more traditional cafés, but Café Central—with the large awnings and look of a European café—is accessible, and therefore the most commercialized and touristy (coffees, fruit drinks, and meals; long hours daily).
The medina’s market, just off the Grand Socco, is a highlight. Wander past piles of fruit, veggies, and olives, countless varieties of bread, and fresh goat cheese wrapped in palm leaves. Phew! You’ll find everything but pork.
Entering the market through the door from the Grand Socco, turn right to find butchers, a cornucopia of produce (almost all of it from Morocco), more butchers, piles of olives, and yet more butchers. The chickens are plucked and hung to show they have been killed according to Islamic guidelines (halal): Animals are slaughtered with a sharp knife in the name of Allah, head toward Mecca, and drained of their blood. The far aisle (parallel and to the left of where you’re walking) has more innards and is a little harder to stomach.
You’ll see women vendors—often wearing straw hats decorated with ribbons or colorful striped skirts—scattered around the market; these are Berbers, who ride donkeys to the city from the nearby Rif Mountains, mostly on Tuesdays and Thursdays. (Before taking photos of these women, or any people you see here, it’s polite to ask permission.)
Eventually you’ll emerge into the large white market of fish-sellers; with the day’s catch from both the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, this is like a textbook of marine life. The door at the far end of the fish market pops you out on the Rue Salah El-dine Al Ayoubi; a right turn takes you back to the Grand Socco, but a left turn leads to the (figurative and literal) low end of the market—a world of very rustic market stalls under a corrugated plastic roof. While just a block from the main market, this is a world apart, and not to everyone’s taste. Here you’ll find cheap produce, junk shops, electronics (such as recordable CDs and old remote controls), old ladies sorting bundles of herbs from crinkled plastic bags, and far less sanitary-looking butchers than the ones inside the main market hall (if that’s possible). Peer down the alley filled with a twitching poultry market, which encourages vegetarianism.
The upper part of the market (toward the medina and Petit Socco) has a few food stands, but more nonperishable items, such as clothing, cleaning supplies, toiletries, and prepared foods. Scattered around this part of the market are spice-and-herb stalls (usually marked hérboriste), offering a fragrant antidote to the meat stalls. In addition to cooking spices, these sell homegrown Berber cures for ailments. Pots hold a dark-green gelatinous goo—a kind of natural soap.
If you’re looking for souvenirs, you won’t have to find them...they’ll find you, in the form of aggressive salesmen who approach you on the street and push their conga drums, T-shirts, and other trinkets in your face. Most of the market itself is more focused on locals, but the medina streets just above the market are loaded with souvenir shops. Aside from the predictable trinkets, the big-ticket items here are tilework (such as vases) and carpets. You’ll notice many shops have tiles and other, smaller souvenirs on the ground floor, and carpet salesrooms upstairs.
No matter what kind of merchandise you buy in Tangier, the shopping is...Moroccan. Bargain hard! The first price you’re offered is simply a starting point, and it’s expected that you’ll try to talk the price way down. Bargaining can become an enjoyable game if you follow a few basic rules:
Determine what the item is worth to you. Before you even ask a price, decide what the item’s value is to you. Consider the hassles involved in packing it or shipping it home.
Determine the merchant’s lowest price. Many merchants will settle for a nickel profit rather than lose the sale entirely. Work the cost down to rock bottom, and when it seems to have fallen to a record low, walk away. That last price the seller hollers out as you turn the corner is often the best price you’ll get. If the price is right, go back and buy.
Look indifferent. As soon as the merchant perceives the “I gotta have that!” in you, you’ll never get the best price.
Employ a third person. Use your friend who is worried about the ever-dwindling budget or who doesn’t like the price or who is bored and wants to return to the hotel. This can help to bring the price down faster.
Show the merchant your money. Physically hold out your money and offer him “all you have” to pay for whatever you are bickering over. He’ll be tempted to just grab your money and say, “Oh, OK.”
If the price is too much, leave. Never worry about having taken too much of the merchant’s time. They are experts at making the tourist feel guilty for not buying. It’s all part of the game.
Appealing as the market is, one of the most magical Tangier experiences is to simply lose yourself in the lanes of the medina. A first-time visitor cannot stay oriented—so don’t even try. I just wander, knowing that uphill will eventually get me to the Kasbah and downhill will eventually lead me to the port. Expect to get a little lost...going around in circles is part of the fun. Pop in to see artisans working in their shops: mosaic tilemakers, thread spinners, tailors. While shops are on the ground level, the family usually lives upstairs. Doors indicate how many families live in the homes behind them: one row of decoration for one, another parallel row for two.
Many people can’t afford private ovens, phones, or running water, so there are economical communal options: phone desks (called teleboutiques), baths, and bakeries. If you smell the aroma of baking bread, look for a hole-in-the-wall bakery, where locals drop off their ready-to-cook dough (as well as meat, fish, or nuts to roast). You’ll also stumble upon communal taps, with water provided by the government, where people come to wash. Cubby-hole rooms are filled with kids playing video games on old TVs—they can’t afford their own at home, so they come here instead.
Go on a photo safari for ornate “keyhole” doors, many of which lead to neighborhood mosques (see photo). Green doors are the color of Islam and symbolize peace. The ring-shaped door knockers double as a place to hitch a donkey.
As you explore, notice that some parts of the medina seem starkly different, with fancy wrought-iron balconies. This is the approximately 20 percent of the town that was built and controlled by the Spaniards and Portuguese living here (with the rest being Arabic and Berber). The two populations were separated by a wall, the remains of which you can still trace running through the medina. It may seem at first glance that these European zones are fancier and “nicer” compared to the poorer-seeming Arabic/Berber zones. But the Arabs and Berbers take more care with the insides of their homes—if you went behind these humble walls, you’d be surprised how pleasant the interiors are. While European cultures externalize resources, Arab and Berber cultures internalize them.
The medina is filled with surprises for which serendipity is your best or only guide. As you wander, keep an eye out for the legendary Café Baba (up a few stairs on Rue Doukkala—not far from Place Amrah, daily 10:00-24:00). Old, grimy, and smoky, it’s been around since the late 1940s and was a hippie hangout in the 1960s and ’70s—the Rolling Stones smoked hash here (on the wall there’s still a battered picture of Keith Richards holding a pipe). Enjoy a mint tea here and take in the great view over the old quarter, including a lush mansion just across the way formerly owned by American heiress Barbara Hutton.
One of the few sights revered by Moroccans that can be entered by non-Muslim visitors is the tomb of Ibn Battuta. Hiding at the top of a narrow residential lane (Rue Ibn Battuta), this simple mausoleum venerates the man considered the Moroccan Marco Polo. What started as a six-month pilgrimage to Mecca in 1325 stretched out to some 30 years for Ibn Battuta, as he explored throughout the Islamic world and into India and China. (If you visit the tomb, remove your shoes before entering, and leave a small tip for the attendant.) No one really knows if it’s actually Ibn Battuta interred here, but that doesn’t deter locals from paying homage to him.
Located at the bottom end of the medina (just above the port), this unexpected museum is worth a visit. Morocco was one of the first countries to recognize the newly formed United States as an independent country (in 1777). The original building, given to the United States by the sultan of Morocco, became the fledgling government’s first foreign acquisition. It was declared a US National Historic Landmark in 1983.
Cost and Hours: 20 dh, Mon-Fri 10:00-17:00, Sat 10:00-15:00; during Ramadan daily 10:00-15:00, otherwise closed Sun year-round; Rue d’Amérique 8, tel. 0539-935-317, www.legation.org.
Visiting the Museum: This was the US embassy (or consulate) in Morocco from 1821 to 1961, and it’s still American property—our only National Historic Landmark overseas. Today this nonprofit museum and research center, housed in a 19th-century mansion, is a strangely peaceful oasis within Tangier’s intense old town. It offers a warm welcome and lots of interesting artifacts—all well described in English. The ground floor is filled with an art gallery. In the stairwell, you’ll see photos of kings with presidents, and a letter with the news of Lincoln’s assassination. Upstairs are more paintings, as well as model soldiers playing out two battle scenes from Moroccan history. These belonged to American industrialist Malcolm Forbes, who had a home in Tangier (his son donated these dioramas to the museum). Rounding out the upper floor are more paintings, and wonderful old maps of Tangier and Morocco. A visit here is a fun reminder of how long the US and Morocco have had good relations.
• When you’ve soaked in enough old-town atmosphere, make your way to the Kasbah (see map). Within the medina, head uphill, or exit the medina gate and go right on Rue Kasbah, which follows the old wall uphill to Bab Kasbah (a.k.a. Porte de la Kasbah), a gateway into the Kasbah.
Loosely translated as “fortress,” a kasbah is an enclosed, protected residential area near a castle that you’ll find in hundreds of Moroccan towns. Originally this was a place where a king or other leader could protect his tribe. Tangier’s Kasbah comprises the upper quarter of the old town. A residential area with twisty lanes and some nice guesthouses, this area is a bit more sedate and less claustrophobic than parts of the medina near the market below.
Way-finding here has always been a challenge for visitors. You can look for tile signs with street names posted on many corners, and spray-painted blue numbers mark each intersection. Eventually, these numbers will be painted over...once, and if, a permanent system is decided on. Some tourist walking routes are marked by red-and-green arrows (an effort that’s been largely unsuccessful).
On Place de la Kasbah, you’ll find the Dar el-Makhzen, a former sultan’s palace that now houses a history museum with a few historical artifacts. While there’s not a word of English, some of the exhibits are still easy to appreciate, and the building itself is beautiful.
Cost and Hours: 20 dh, Wed-Mon 10:00-18:00, closed for prayer Fri 12:00-13:30 and all day Tue, tel. 0539-932-097.
Visiting the Museum: Most of the exhibits surround the central, open-air courtyard; rooms proceed roughly chronologically as you move counterclockwise, from early hunters and farmers to prehistoric civilizations, Roman times, the region’s conversion to Islam, and the influence of European powers. The two-story space at the far end of the courtyard focuses on a second-century mosaic floor depicting the journey of Venus. The big 12th-century wall-size map (in Arabic) shows the Moorish view of the world: with Africa on top (Spain is at the far right). Nearby is an explanation of terra-cotta production (a local industry), and upstairs is an exhibit on funerary rituals. Near the entrance, look for signs to jardin and climb the stairs to reach a chirpy (if slightly overgrown) garden courtyard. While the building features some striking tilework, you just can’t shake the feeling that the best Moorish sights are back in Spain.
Because the Kasbah Museum (while modest) is the city’s main museum, the square in front of the palace attracts more than its share of tourists. That means it’s also a vivid gauntlet of amusements waiting to ambush parading tour groups: snake charmers, squawky dance troupes, and colorful water vendors. These colorful Kodak-moment hustlers make their living off the many tour groups passing by daily. (As you’re cajoled, remember that the daily minimum wage here for men as skilled as these beggars is $10. That’s what the gardeners you’ll pass in your walk earn each day. In other words, a €1 tip is an hour’s wage for these people.) If you draft behind a tour group, you won’t be the focus of the hustlers. But if you take a photo, you must pay.
Before descending out of the Kasbah, don’t miss the ocean viewpoint—as you stand in the square and face the palace, look to the right to find the hole carved through the thick city wall (Bab Dhar, “Sea Gate”). This leads out to a large natural terrace with fine views over the port, the Mediterranean, and Spain.
The lower gate of the Kasbah (as you stand in Place de la Kasbah facing the palace, it’s on your left) leads to a charming little alcove between the gates, where you can see a particularly fine tile fountain: The top part is carved cedarwood, below that is carved plaster, and the bottom half is hand-laid tiles. In this area, poke down the tiny lane to the left of the little shop—you’ll find that it leads to a surprisingly large courtyard ringed by fine homes.
The artist Henri Matisse traveled to Tangier in 1912-13. The culture, patterns, and colors that he encountered here had a lifelong effect on the themes in much of his subsequent art. The diamond-shaped stones embedded in the street (you’ll have to look hard to find them; they’re on the narrow lane leading up along the left side of the palace) mark a “Matisse Route” through the Kasbah, from the lower gate to the upper; those who know his works will spot several familiar scenes along this stretch. Just off the Grand Socco, on Rue de la Liberté, is the instantly recognizable Grand Hotel Villa de France, where Matisse lived and painted while in Tangier (for more on this hotel, see here).
Lined with lots of fishy eateries and entertaining nightclubs, this fine, wide, white-sand crescent beach (Plage de Corniche) stretches eastward from the port. The locals call it by the Spanish word playa. It’s packed with locals doing what people around the world do at the beach—with a few variations. Traditionally clad moms let their kids run wild. You’ll see people—young and old—covered in hot sand to combat rheumatism. Early, late, and off-season, the beach becomes a popular venue for soccer teams. The palm-lined pedestrian street along the waterfront was renamed for King Mohammed VI, in appreciation for recent restorations. While the beach is cleaner than it once was, it still has more than its share of litter—great for a stroll, but maybe not for sunbathing or swimming. If you have a beach break in mind, do it on Spain’s Costa del Sol.
Nighttime is great in Tangier. If you’re staying overnight, don’t relax in a fancy hotel restaurant. Get out and about in the old town after dark. In the cool of the evening, the atmospheric squares and lanes become even more alluring. It’s an entirely different experience and a highlight of any visit. The Malataba area in the new town (along Avenue Mohammed VI) is an easy cab ride away and filled with modern nightclubs. (But remember, this isn’t night-owl Spain—things die down by around 22:00.)
El Minzah Hotel hosts traditional music most nights for those having dinner there (see “Eating in Tangier,” later; 85 Rue de la Liberté, tel. 0539-935-885). The El Morocco Club has a sophisticated piano bar (see here).
The Cinema Rif, the landmark theater at the top of the Grand Socco, shows movies in French—which the younger generation is required to learn—Arabic, and occasionally English. The cinema is worth popping into, if only to see the Art Deco interior. As movies cost only 25 dh, consider dropping by to see a bit of whatever’s on (closed Mon, tel. 0539-934-683).
I’ve recommended two vastly different types of accommodations in Tangier: cozy Moroccan-style (but mostly French-run) guesthouses in the maze of lanes of the Kasbah neighborhood, at the top of the medina (old town); and modern international-style hotels, most of which are in the urban-feeling new town, a 10-to-20-minute walk from the central sights.
Remember, if you want to call Tangier from Europe, dial 00 (Europe’s international access code), 212 (Morocco’s country code), then the local number (dropping the initial zero). June through mid-September is high season, when rooms may be a bit more expensive and reservations are wise.
In Arabic, riad means “guesthouse.” You’ll find these in the atmospheric old quarter known as the medina. While the lower part of the medina is dominated by market stalls and tourist traps—and can feel a bit seedy after dark—the upper part (called the Kasbah, for the castle that dominates this area) is more tranquil and feels very residential. All of my recommendations are buried in a labyrinth of lanes that can be very difficult to navigate; the map on here gives you a vague sense of where to go, but it’s essential to ask for very clear directions when you reserve. If you’re hiring a guide in Tangier, ask him to help you find your riad. (If you’re on your own, you can try asking directions when you arrive—but many local residents take that as an invitation to tag along and hound you for tips.) The communal nature of riads means that occasional noise from other guests can be an issue; bring your earplugs.
When you arrive at your riad, don’t look for a doorbell—the tradition is to use a doorknocker. All of the guesthouses listed here are in traditional old houses, with rooms surrounding a courtyard atrium, and all have rooftop terraces where you can relax and enjoy sweeping views over Tangier. All include breakfast; many also serve good Moroccan dinners, which cost extra and should be arranged beforehand, typically that morning. Some also offer hammams (Turkish-style baths) with massages and spa treatments. Some lack stand-alone showers; instead, in Moroccan style, you’ll find a handheld shower in a corner of the bathroom.
$$$$ La Maison Blanche (“The White House”), run by Aziz Begdouri, one of my recommended guides, has nine rooms in a restored traditional Moroccan house. Modern and attractively decorated, each room is dedicated to a personality who’s spent time in Tangier—including a travel writer I know well. With its friendly vibe, great view terrace, and lavish setting, this is a great splurge (all with bathtubs, air-con, just inside the upper Kasbah gate at Rue Ahmed Ben Ajiba 2, tel. 0539-375-188, www.lamaisonblanchetanger.com, info@lamaisonblanchetanger.com).
$$$$ Dar Chams Tanja, just below the lower Kasbah gate, has seven elegant, new-feeling rooms with all the comforts surrounding a clean-white inner courtyard with lots of keyhole windows. While pricey, it’s impeccably decorated, has a proper French-expat ambience, and boasts incredible views from its rooftop terrace (air-con, hammam, massage service, Rue Jnan Kabtan 2, tel. 0539-332-323, www.darchamstanja.com, darchamstanja@gmail.com).
$$$$ Dar Sultan rents six romantically decorated rooms on a pleasant street in the heart of the Kasbah with a small rooftop terrace (some rooms with balconies, Rue Touila 49, tel. 0539-336-061, www.darsultan.com, dar-sultan@menara.ma).
$$$ La Tangerina, run by Jürgen (who’s German) and his Moroccan wife, Farida, has 10 comfortable rooms that look down into a shared atrium. At the top is a gorgeous rooftop seaview balcony (cash only, wood-fired hammam, turn left as you enter the upper Kasbah gate and hug the town wall around to Riad Sultan 19, tel. 0539-947-731, www.latangerina.com, info@latangerina.com).
$$$ Dar Nour, run with funky French style by Philippe, Jean-Olivier, and Catherine, has an “Escher-esque” floor plan that sprawls through five interconnected houses (it’s “labyrinthine like the medina,” says Philippe). The 10 homey rooms feel very traditional, with lots of books and lounging areas spread throughout, and a fantastic view terrace on the roof (cash only, Wi-Fi in lobby only, Rue Gourna 20, mobile 06-6211-2724, www.darnour.com, contactdarnour@yahoo.fr).
$$ Hotel Continental—at the bottom of the old town, facing the port—is the Humphrey Bogart option, a grand old place sprawling along the old town. It has lavish, atmospheric, and recently renovated public spaces, a chandeliered breakfast room, and 53 spacious bedrooms with rough hardwood floors and new bathrooms. Jimmy, who’s always around and runs the shop adjacent to the lobby, says he offers everything but Viagra. When I said, “I’m from Seattle,” he said, “206.” Test him—he knows your area code (family rooms, Dar Baroud 36; follow my directions for walking into town from the port, but take a right through the yellow gateway—Bab Dar Dbagh—marked 1339 and then take a right and follow the signs, tel. 0539-931-024, hcontinental@iam.net.ma). This hotel’s terrace aches with nostalgia. Back during the city’s glory days, a ferry connected Tangier and New York. American novelists would sit out on the terrace of Hotel Continental, never quite sure when their friends’ boat would arrive from across the sea.
These hotels are centrally located, near the TI, and within walking distance of the Grand Socco, medina, and market.
$$$$ Grand Hotel Villa de France, perched high above the Grand Socco, has been around since the 19th century, when Eugène Delacroix stayed here and started a craze for “Orientalism” in European art. Henri Matisse was a guest in 1912-13, painting what he saw through his window. After sitting empty for years, the hotel was restored and reopened. Lavish public spaces, including a restaurant and view terrace, have more charm than most of the 58 modern, updated rooms, but a Matisse-inspired leaf design echoes throughout and adds a bit of character to an otherwise business-like hotel. Suites have a more Moroccan vibe but are not quite worth the splurge (intersection of Rue Angleterre and Rue Hollande, for location see map on here, tel. 0539-333-111, www.leroyal.com/ghvdf, reservation@ghvdf.com).
$$$$ Atlas Rif & Spa Hotel, recently restored to its 1970s glamour, is a worthy splurge. Offering 127 plush, modern rooms, sprawling public spaces, a garden, pool, and grand views, it feels like an oversized boutique hotel. Overlooking the harbor, the great Arabic lounge—named for Winston Churchill—compels you to relax (some view rooms, air-con, elevator, 3 restaurants, spa and sauna, Avenue Mohammed VI 152, tel. 0539-349-300, www.hotelsatlas.com, atlastanger@menara.ma).
$$ Hotel Rembrandt feels just like the 1940s, with a restaurant, a bar, and a swimming pool surrounded by a great grassy garden. Its 70 rooms are outdated and simple, but clean and comfortable, and some come with views (air-con, elevator, a 5-minute walk above the beach in a busy urban zone at Boulevard Mohammed VI 1, tel. 0539-333-314, reservation@hotelrembrandt.ma).
Moroccan food is a joy to sample. First priority is a glass of the refreshing “Moroccan tea”—green tea that’s boiled and steeped once, then combined with fresh mint leaves to boil and steep some more, before being loaded up with sugar. Tourist-oriented restaurants have a predictable menu. For starters, you’ll find a Moroccan tomato-based vegetable soup (harira) or Moroccan salad (a combination of fresh and stewed vegetables). Main dishes include couscous (usually with chicken, potatoes, carrots, and other vegetables and spices); tagine (stewed meat served in a fancy dish with a cone-shaped top); and briouates (small savory pies). Everything comes with Morocco’s distinctive round, flat bread. For dessert, it’s pastries—typically, almond cookies.
I’ve mostly listed places in or near the medina. (If you’d prefer the local equivalent of a yacht-club restaurant, survey the places along the beach.) Moroccan waiters expect about a 10 percent tip.
$$$ Le Saveur du Poisson is an excellent bet for the more adventurous, featuring one room cluttered with paintings adjoining a busy kitchen. There are no choices here. Just sit down and let owner Muhammad or his son, Hassan, take care of the rest. You get a rough hand-carved spoon and fork. Surrounded by lots of locals and unforgettable food, you’ll be treated to a multicourse menu. Savor the delicious fish dishes—Tangier is one of the few spots in Morocco where seafood is a major part of the diet. The fruit punch—a mix of seasonal fruits brewed overnight in a vat—simmers in the back room. Ask for an explanation, or even a look. The desserts are full of nuts and honey. The big sink in the room is for locals who prefer to eat with their fingers (Sat-Thu 12:00-16:00 & 19:00-22:00, closed Fri and during Ramadan; walk down Rue de la Liberté roughly a block toward the Grand Socco from El Minzah Hotel, look for the stairs leading down to the market stalls and go down until you see fish on the grill; Escalier Waller 2, tel. 0539-336-326).
$$$ El Minzah Hotel offers a fancier yet still-authentic experience. The atmosphere is classy but low-stress. It’s where unadventurous tourists and local elites dine. Dress up and choose between two dining zones: The white-tablecloth continental (French) dining area, called El Erz, is stuffy; while in the Moroccan lounge, El Korsan, you’ll be serenaded by live traditional music (music nightly 20:00-23:00, belly-dance show at 20:30 and 21:30, no extra charge for music). There’s also a cozy wine bar here—a rarity in a Muslim country—decorated with photos of visiting celebrities. At lunch, light meals and salads are served poolside (all dining areas open daily 13:00-16:00 & 20:00-22:30, Rue de la Liberté 85, tel. 0539-333-444).
$$ Le Salon Bleu has decent Moroccan food and some of the most spectacular seating in town: perched on a whitewashed terrace overlooking the square in front of the Kasbah Museum, with 360-degree views over the rooftops. Hike up the very tight spiral staircase to the top level, with the best views and lounge-a-while sofa seating. French-run (by the owners of the recommended Dar Nour guesthouse), it offers a simple menu of Moroccan fare—the appetizer plate is a good sampler for lunch or to share for an afternoon snack. While there is some indoor seating, I’d skip this place if the weather’s not ideal for lingering on the terrace (daily 10:00-22:00, Place de la Kasbah, mobile 06-6211-2724). You’ll see it from the square in front of the Kasbah; to reach it, go through the gate to the left (as you face it), then look right for the stairs up.
El Morocco Club has three distinct zones. Outside, it’s a $ terrace café, serving a light menu of sandwiches, quiches, and salads in the shade of a rubber tree. At night a bouncer lets you into a $$$ fine restaurant with a Med-Moroccan menu of grilled fish, roasted lamb, and creamy risottos. Guests at the restaurant have entrée to the wonderfully grown-up piano bar: a sophisticated lounge with vintage Tangier photos and zebra-print couches (café daily from 9:00; restaurant and piano bar Tue-Sun from 20:00, closed Mon; Place du Tabor, just inside the Kasbah gate, tel. 0539-948-139).
$$$ Le Fabrique has nothing to do with old Morocco. But if you want a break from couscous and keyhole arches, this industrial-mod brasserie with concrete floors and exposed brick has a menu of purely French classics—a good reminder that in the 20th century, Tangier was nearly as much a French city as a Moroccan one (Mon-Sat 20:00-23:00, closed Sun; Rue d’Angleterre 7, tel. 0539-374-057). It’s a steep 10-minute walk up from the Grand Socco: Head up Rue d’Angleterre (left of Cinema Rif) and hike up the hill until the road levels out—it’s on your left.
$$ Dar Lidam has two floors of spacious dining areas and an outdoor terrace with views. If you’re looking for a low-stress restaurant in the heart of the Kasbah, you’ll find it here, just behind the recommended hotel Dar Chams Tanja. They serve traditional Moroccan fare such as pastella—a savory-sweet chicken pastry, harira, couscous, and tagines (generally daily 12:00-21:00, sometimes closed Sat 18:00-19:00, Rue Dakakine 6, tel. 0539-332-386).
$$ Le Nabab is geared for tourists, but offers more style and less crass commercialism than the tourist traps listed next. Squirreled away in a mostly residential neighborhood just below the lower Kasbah gate (near the top of the medina), Le Nabab offers a menu of predictable Moroccan favorites in a sleek concrete-and-white-tablecloths dining room with a few echoes of traditional Moroccan decor. The 199-dh three-course meal is a good deal to sample several items (Mon-Sat 12:00-15:00 & 19:00 until late, closed Sun; below the lower Kasbah gate—bear left down the stairs, then right, and look for signs; Rue Al Kadiria 4, mobile 06-6144-2220).
$ Maison Communitaire des Femmes, a community center for women, hides an inexpensive, hearty lunch spot that’s open to everyone and offers a tasty 60-dh two-course lunch. Profits support the work of the center (daily 12:00-16:00, last order at 15:30, also open 9:00-11:00 & 15:30-18:00 for cakes and tea, pleasant terrace out back, near slipper market just outside Grand Socco, Place du 9 Avril, tel. 0539-947-065).
$ Café Hafa, a basic outdoor café cascading down a series of cliff-hugging terraces, is a longtime Tangier landmark. Find your way here with a taxi or your guide, but don’t rush—you’ll want to settle in to sip your tea and enjoy the fantastic views. Tangier’s most famous expat, the writer Paul Bowles, used to hang out here (simple pizzas and brochettes, daily 8:30 until late, in the Marshan neighborhood west of the medina on Avenue Hadi Mohammed Tazi).
Both French and Moroccan pastries are available throughout the city. Moroccan pastries and cookies are often offered with mint tea in cafés or hotels and are served for dessert after meals. But for those with a serious sweet tooth, this won’t cut it. Instead, step into a pâtisserie to choose from the variety of local sweets made with almonds, pistachios, cashews, pine nuts, peanuts, dates, honey, and sugar. Go to the counter and ask for “une boîte petite” (a little box). Point to what you want to fill it with—you’ll pay by the weight. One easy and delicious spot is $ Bab Al Medina, just off the Grand Socco (daily 6:00-22:00, Rue d’Italie 28, tel. 06-6715-1779). It has two sections: a café with pizzas and shawarma, and a bakery that offers Moroccan and French pastries, bread, and Moroccan crêpes (called baghrir, these have nooks and crannies similar to a crumpet). Eat at the café’s tables or on your hotel terrace for a sweet sunset.
Tangier seems to specialize in very touristy Moroccan restaurants designed to feed and entertain dozens or even hundreds of tour-group members with overpriced and predictable menus of Moroccan classics, and often live music and belly dancing. The only locals you’ll see here are the waiters. For day-trippers who just want a safe, comfortable break in the heart of town, these restaurants’ predictability and Moroccan clichés are just perfect. For other travelers, these places are tour-group hell and make you thankful to be free. Each local guide has their own favorite, but these are the best-known.
$$ Hamadi is as luxurious a restaurant as a tourist can find in Morocco, with good food at reasonable prices (long hours daily, Rue Kasbah 2, tel. 0539-934-514).
$$$$ Marhaba Palace has the most impressive interior, with huge keyhole arches ringing a grand upstairs hall slathered in colorful tilework. It also has the highest prices—hardly a good value. It’s near the upper gate to the Kasbah, so it’s convenient for a meal just before heading downhill through town to the medina and market (daily 10:00-23:00, Rue Kasbah, tel. 0539-937-927).
By Train: In Tangier, all train traffic normally comes and goes from the Gare Tanger Ville station, one mile from the city center and a short Petit Taxi ride away. Train info: www.oncf.ma.
From Tangier by Train to: Rabat (7/day, 3.5-4 hours), Casablanca (station also called Casa Voyageurs, 7/day, 5 hours), Marrakech (7/day, 8.5-9 hours, transfer in Casablanca or Sidi Kacem; 1 direct overnight train, 10.5 hours), Fès (4/day, 4.5 hours).
By Bus: Bus information is available at the TI or by calling the CTM bus company (tel. 0522-541-010; schedules may also be online at www.ctm.ma).
From Tangier by Bus to: Ceuta and Tétouan (hourly, 1 hour).
From Fès by Bus to: Casablanca (10/day, 5.5 hours), Marrakech (4/day, 8 hours), Rabat (8/day, 3.5 hours), Meknès (10/day, 45 minutes), Tangier (6/day, 7 hours).
From Rabat by Bus to: Casablanca (2/hour, 45 minutes), Fès (5/day, 3 hours), Tétouan (5/day, 4.5-6 hours, 4 trains/day, 6 hours).
From Casablanca by Bus to: Marrakech (9/day, 3.5 hours).
From Marrakech by Bus to: Meknès (2/day, 7 hours), Ouarzazate (6/day, 4 hours).
By Plane: Flights within Morocco are convenient and reasonable (about $130 one-way from Tangier to Casablanca).
Morocco gets much better as you go deeper into the interior. The country is incredibly rich in cultural thrills, though you’ll pay a price in hassles and headaches—it’s a package deal. But if adventure is your business, Morocco is a great option. Moroccan trains are quite good. Second class is cheap and comfortable. Buses connect all smaller towns very well. By car, Morocco is easy. Invest in a good Morocco guidebook to make this trip: Consider titles from Lonely Planet and Rough Guide. Here are a few tips and insights to get you started.
If you’re relying on public transportation for your extended tour, sail to Tangier, blast your way through customs, ignore any hustler who tells you there’s no way out until tomorrow, and hop in a Petit Taxi for the train station. From there, set your sights on Rabat, a dignified European-type town with fewer hustlers, and make it your get-acquainted stop in Morocco. Trains go farther south from Rabat.
If you’re driving a car, crossing the border can be a bit unnerving, since you’ll be forced to jump through several bureaucratic hoops. You’ll go through customs at both borders, buy Moroccan insurance for your car (cheap and easy), and feel at the mercy of a bristly bunch of shady-looking people you’d rather not be at the mercy of. Don’t pay anyone on the Spanish side. Consider tipping a guy on the Moroccan side if you feel he’ll shepherd you through. Relax and let him grease those customs wheels. He’s worth it. As soon as possible, hit the road and drive to Chefchaouen, the best first stop for those with their own wheels. Drive defensively and never rely on the oncoming driver’s skill. Night driving is dangerous. Pay a guard to watch your car overnight.
Just two hours by bus or car from Tétouan, this is the first pleasant town beyond the north coast. Monday and Thursday are colorful market days. Wander deep into the whitewashed old town from the main square.
Morocco’s capital and most European city, Rabat is the most comfortable and least stressful place to start your North African trip. You’ll find a colorful market (in the old neighboring town of Salé), bits of Islamic architecture (Mausoleum of Mohammed V), the king’s palace, mellow hustlers, and fine hotels.
More than just a funny hat that tipsy Shriners wear, Fès is Morocco’s religious and artistic center, bustling with craftspeople, pilgrims, shoppers, and shops. Like most large Moroccan cities, it has a distinct new town from the French colonial period, as well as an exotic (and stressful) old walled Arabic town (the medina), where you’ll find the market.
For 12 centuries, traders have gathered in Fès, founded on a river at the crossroads of two trade routes. Soon there was an irrigation system; a university; resident craftsmen from Spain; and a diverse population of Muslims, Christians, and Jews. When France claimed Morocco in 1912, they made their capital in Rabat, and Fès fizzled. But the Fès marketplace is still Morocco’s best.
Morocco’s gateway to the south, Marrakech is where the desert, mountain, and coastal regions merge. This market city is a constant folk festival, bustling with Berber tribespeople and a colorful center. The new city has the train station, and the main boulevard (Mohammed V) is lined with banks, airline offices, a post office, a tourist office, and comfortable hotels. The old city features the maze-like market and the huge Djemaa el-Fna, a square seething with people—a 43-ring Moroccan circus.
Extend your Moroccan trip several days by heading south over the Atlas Mountains. Take a bus from Marrakech to Ouarzazate (short stop), and then to Tinerhir (great oasis town, comfy hotel, overnight stop). The next day, go to Er Rachidia and take the overnight bus to Fès.
By car, drive from Fès south, staying in the small mountain town of Ifrane, and then continue deep into the desert country past Er Rachidia, and on to Rissani (market days: Sun, Tue, and Thu). Explore nearby mud-brick towns still living in the Middle Ages. Hire a guide to drive you past where the road stops, and head cross-country to an oasis village (Merzouga), where you can climb a sand dune and watch the sun rise over the vastness of Africa. Only a sea of sand separates you from Timbuktu.