Page numbers in italics refer to photos.
Abbott, Carl, 14, 26, 49, 50, 51, 93, 95, 150
Acme Amusement Company, 84
Adonis, Joe, 180n19
Akin, Frank, 93
American Federation of Labor (AFL), 75, 121, 124, 179n1
American Social Hygiene Association, 53, 70
Amundson, Lowell, 141
Anastasia, Albert, 126
Arion, the, 34
Armstrong, Ed, 104
Atlantic Monthly, 132
Atlas Rooms, 60
Baker, George, 44
Ballinger, Richard, 8. See also Seattle
Barker, Clinton, 115
Barthelmes, Albert Wesley, 148–49
Bates, George, 36
Beck, Dave, 5, 76, 77, 97, 119, 123, 126–27; biography of, 172n11; and Brewery Workers Union, 179n2; in Chicago, 129; conviction of, 143; and Local 174, 128; and Nathan Shefferman, 129; and Oregon Teamsters, 78; political influence in Washington State, 183n84; and Retail Clerks union, 180n23
Beck, Dave, Jr., 88
Bellinger, Charles, 35
Benjamin Franklin Savings and Loan, 51
Bennett, Clifford “Slim,” 135–36, 137–38, 140, 146
Berner, Richard, 8
Bernstein, Carl, 106
Besser, Lucerne, 27
Big Seven, the, 103
Blum, Nat, 35
Boise, ID, 25
Booth, Robert, 31
Booth-Kelly Lumber Company, 31
bootlegging: in New York, 123; in Portland, 3, 4, 10, 26–27, 33, 34, 37, 38, 40, 42, 44–45, 50–51, 54, 56, 57, 59, 60, 70, 100–101, 115, 161, 164n1, 169n46; in Seattle, 8
Bowles, Judson, 157
Brewery Workers Union, 120, 179n2
Brewster, Frank, 78–79: and Exposition-Recreation Center, 95; investigation of, 119, 127–29; and Oregon politics, 87–88; and organized crime, 4, 78, 80, 87, 95, 96–97, 119, 132: and Teamsters union, 80, 83, 86–87, 99, 108, 119, 123, 134, 143, 148, 178n46
Brill, Steven, 76
Broadmoor Hotel, 60
Brunswick, the, 34
Bryan, William Jennings, 30
Bryce, James Lord, 29
Buffalino, William, 129
Caples, John, 34
Cardwell, Byron, 32
Carson, Joseph, 47, 48, 69, 87
Caruthers, Elizabeth, 29
Cecil Club, 46
Cecil Rooms, 53
Central States Teamsters’ Health and Welfare Fund, 125
Cheyfitz, Eddie, 127
Chicago, IL, 8–9, 26, 67, 160, 171n87; gambling in, 84–85; labor racketeering in, 97, 125, 129; law enforcement corruption in, 9, 10, 97; municipal corruption in, 28, 116; organized crime in, 8, 28, 71, 125, 153; prostitution in, 9
Childers, Jack, 115
Chinatown, 37
City Club of Portland, 11, 47, 52–60, 64, 72; creation of, 52; and “Law Enforcement in Portland and Multnomah County,” 54, 65, 70, 82, 161; and municipal reform, 149; and “Portland Public Health Enemy Number One,” 52–54, 65; Public Health Committee, 52; Public Safety Committee, 54, 58, 63, 82, 161
Clark, Joseph S., 150. See also Philadelphia
Clark, Raymond, 109, 158, 159; conviction of, 152, 155–56; indictment of, 111; and King Tower tapes, 89, 110–12, 155–56, 157
Clement, Elizabeth Alice, 54
Cleveland, OH: gambling in, 84–85; labor racketeering in, 124
Coin Machine Men of Oregon, 81, 82, 83, 113–14, 124
Colacurcio, Frank, 80, 96, 113, 154, 161–62, 173n21, 185n56
Colacurcio, Frank, Jr., 161–62, 173n21
Commercial Iron, 49
Commission government, viii, 43
Communist Control Act, 122
Congested War Production Areas, 50
Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), 121, 122
Connell, Tom, 27
Considine, John, 8
Corbett, Henry, 31, 33, 34, 41
Coughlin, “Bathhouse” John, 28
Cox, A. M., 40
Cox, George, 29
Cox, John S., 122
Crick, Rolla, 110
Crosby, Clyde, 80, 119, 131, 132, 148, 154, 174n40; and Exposition-Recreation Center, 93, 94–95, 105, 114, 179n63; and gambling, 81, 82, 83–84, 96–97; indictment of, 100, 113–14; investigation of, 128–29; and King Tower tapes, 111, 112; and law enforcement corruption, 86, 92, 105, 108–9; and McClellan Committee, 131, 134–35; and Oregon politics, 88–89, 92; and Portland politics, 108–9
Curtis, Carl, 130
DeLashmutt, Van, 34
DeLay, Allan, 115
Denver, CO, 26
Desert Room, 62
Detroit, MI, 7, 116; gambling in, 84–85; labor racketeering in, 74, 97, 129; law enforcement corruption in, 97; organized crime in, 71; Teamsters in, 119–20, 125
Devlin, Thomas, 38
Dinger, Amy, 59
Dinger, H. R., 59
Dioguardi, Johnny “Dio,” 126
Dobson, Alfred P., 112
Dolph, Cyrus, 34
Donnolley, Maxwell, 69
Dorfman, Allen, 125
Eagles, the, 68
Edwin Abbey (ship), 46
8212 Club, 135, 137–38, 139, 140–41, 146
Eisenhower, Dwight, 126
Elkins, Fred, 61, 62, 67, 82, 84
Elkins, James B., 3, 17, 22, 160; biography of, 61; and China Lantern, 86, 132–33; as crime boss, 46, 73–74, 153; drug addiction of, 61–62; and 8212 Club, 135–36, 146; Exposition-Recreation Center, 94–95, 102; indictments of, 100, 113–14, 115; as informant, 62, 100; and Jimmy Hoffa, 159; and King Tower tapes, 89–90, 96, 99–100, 102, 110–11, 133, 156; and law enforcement corruption, 61, 62–65, 71–72, 86, 87, 90, 91, 97, 105, 106–7, 108, 115–17, 133, 136, 139–40, 146, 148, 151, 177n30; and McClellan Committee, 4, 131–138, 155, 156–58, 159; and Oregonian exposé, 100–102, 109, 145–47, 153, 155–56, 159, 161; and organized crime, 11, 60–64, 71–72, 74, 80–81, 83, 85, 86, 96, 99, 102, 135; and Portland politics, 63, 65, 85, 86, 92–93; prosecution of, 152, 155–56, 157–58; and Robert Kennedy, 156–58; and Supreme Court, 158; and Teamsters union, 74, 80–87, 92–93, 96–97, 99, 102, 106, 129, 132, 138, 152, 155, 158–59; threats against, 158–59
Elks, the, 59
Emlou, Ray. See Enloe, Ray
Ervin, Samuel, 130
Exposition-Recreation Center, 23, 93–95, 102, 105, 114, 179n63
Fain, David, 156
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI): and Communism, 122; and Frank Brewster, 79, 178n46; and James Elkins, 60, 61, 157, 158; and King Tower tapes, 111, 112; and organized crime, 79–80, 126, 181n23; and Teamsters union, 3, 4, 12–13, 116, 126, 178n46, 181n23
Federal Bureau of Narcotics, 62, 170n66
Federal Power Commission, 48
First National Bank, 41
First State Bank, 112
Foreign Operations Administration, 125
Frank, Aaron, 49
Frey, Mike, 101
Fulton, Charles, 35
Galveston Plan, 43. See also Commission government
gambling, 6; in Chicago, 84–85; in Cleveland, 84–85; in Detroit, 84–85; in New York, 9, 84–85, 123; in Portland, 3, 4, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 26–27, 33, 34–37, 39–40, 42, 45, 46, 50–51, 54, 56–58, 59–68, 74, 80–82, 86, 88, 91, 92, 96–97, 100, 103, 105, 107–8, 114–15, 124, 133–37, 150, 152, 161, 164n1, 169n46; in San Francisco, 84–85; in Seattle, 8, 57, 74, 78, 80, 81, 173n21. See also pinball; punchboards; slot machines
Gamrath, Murray, 159
Gearin, John, 35
General Motors, 120
General Truckers’ Local 162, 77
Gerald, Clarence, 8
Goldsmith, Bernard, 30
Goldwater, Barry, 130
Grossmayer, Phil, 49
Guthman, Ed, 128
Hall, John, 31
Hamilton, James, 128
Harrison, Benjamin, 33
Hartley, Fred, 121
Hazen, Ben, 51
Heat and Frost Insulators Union, 147
Heath, Sonny, 137
Heney, Francis, 31
Hildreth, Lloyd, 80, 113, 174n40
Hobbs, Bill, 120
Hoffa, Jimmy, 79, 97, 119, 123, 143, 183n83; and James Elkins, 159; and labor racketeering, 76–77, 124–25, 126–27, 129; and organized crime, 5, 125, 126
Hofstadter, Richard, 7
Holtze, Harry, 58
House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC), 121, 122
Huerth, Harry. See King, Harry
Hutchins, Floyd, 115
Internal Security Act, 122
International Brotherhood of Teamsters. See Teamsters union
International Footprinters Association, 71
International Longshoremen's and Warehouseman's Union, 122
International Union of Operating Engineers, 126
Ives, Irving, 130
Jack & Jill's, 114
Jacobs, James, 142
James, Estelle Dinerstein, 142
James, Ralph C., 142
Johnson, Tom (mayor of Cleveland), 7. See also Cleveland
Johnson, Tom (former bootlegger), 95, 146, 175n85
Johnston, Robert, 37
Jones, Samuel “Golden Rule,” 7
Kaiser, Edgar, 50
Kalamazoo, MI, 120
K & L Distributing, 88
Kansas City, KS, 125
Kaplan, Arthur, 14, 150–51, 159
Kefauver Committee, 10, 123–24
Kell, Raymond, 111, 135, 140, 150
Kenna, Michael “Hinky Dink,” 28
Kennedy, Robert, 153, 155, 185n47; and Dave Beck, 143; and The Enemy Within, 13; and Frank Brewster, 128; and James Elkins, 156–59; and McClellan Committee investigation, 4, 14, 119, 124–32; and Oregon politics, 148–49; political agenda of, 147; in Portland, 128–29, 146–47; in Seattle, 128; and Terry Schrunk, 146–47, 149; and William Langley, 134
Keystone Realty Company, 175n85
King, Harry, 60, 61–62, 63, 72, 159, 171n87
King Tower apartments, 20, 89, 91, 133, 159, 165n18
King Tower tapes, 96, 152; confiscation of, 110–12, 155; creation of, 89–90, 133, 155–56, 159, 165n15; given to the Oregonian, 99–100, 102, 178n44; and grand jury investigation, 14, 90–91, 110, 112–13; and McClellan Committee, 133–34; transcripts from, 103–4, 107, 18, 136–37
Kinnicutt, Mrs. Eugene, 55
Knotty Pine Tavern, 91
KPOJ, 111
labor racketeering: in Cleveland, 124; in Detroit, 74, 97, 129; and Jimmy Hoffa, 76–77, 124–25, 126–27, 129; in Los Angeles, 127–28, 129; in New York, 97, 123, 126–27, 129; in Portland, 4, 11, 13, 73, 74–75, 77, 80–84, 85, 86–90, 99–100, 104–5, 113–14, 119, 128–29, 131–32, 143, 152, 160–61, 162; in Seattle, 8, 74; and Teamsters union, 3–5, 12–13, 73, 74–75, 76–77, 78, 79, 97–98; and U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Investigations, 3–4, 13–14, 116, 119, 130
Ladd, Charles, 35
LaFortune, Robert, 115
LaGuardia, Fiorello, 47, 168n2. See also New York
Lambert, William, 24; biography of, 176n2; and Heywood Broun Award, 105, 153–54; and King Tower tapes, 96, 99–100, 102, 152; and McClellan Committee, 4, 131–32, 143; and the Oregonian, 3, 12, 74, 101, 104–5, 109, 113, 128, 176n3; and Wayne Morse, 131
Lampert, L. J., 70
Landes, Bertha, 8, 47, 167n2. See also Seattle
Landrum-Griffin Act, 142
Langley, William, 19, 102, 114–15, 147, 151, 152–53, 156, 172n105; assault on Allan DeLay, 115; biography of, 85–86; and the China Lantern, 86, 132–33; conviction of, 152; and elections, 73, 85, 86, 106, 109, 129, 133, 138; indictment of, 100, 113, 114; and James Elkins, 73, 86, 90, 96, 97, 106–7, 132–33, 136–37, 152; and James Purcell, 108, 177n30; and King Tower tapes, 14, 73, 90–91, 96, 99–100, 103–4, 105, 110, 111–12, 133–34, 136–37, 152, 156; and McClellan Committee, 131, 134, 143–44; and Oregon Journal, 106–7, 154; and Oregon Liquor Control Commission investigation, 14, 89, 90–91, 92, 133, 152; and Teamsters union, 85, 86–87, 99–100, 105, 106, 108, 129, 133, 138
Lansky, Meyer, 180n19
Laundry and Dye Works Drivers Union, 77
law enforcement corruption: in Chicago, 9, 10, 97; in Detroit, 97; in New York, 10, 97, 160; in Philadelphia, 123; in Portland, 10, 12, 32–34, 42, 44, 45, 47–48, 51, 55, 59, 62–64, 70–71, 73–74, 85, 86–87, 91, 99–100, 103, 115, 132, 135–36, 137–42, 145, 151, 152, 153, 161, 162
Lee, Dorothy McCullough, 17, 47, 169n45, 171n100; and Charles Pray, 66, 69; early career of, 65; and elections, 65–66, 69, 93; criticism of, 68, 69; recall effort against, 69; reform efforts of, 66, 67–69; 70, 72, 73–74, 81, 86, 123; threats against, 68
Lend Lease Act, 49
Lewis, John L., 120
Lexow Commission, 9
Lezak, Sidney, 14, 139, 158, 159–60, 185n47
Lichtenstein, Nelson, 76–77, 121, 123, 142
Lindholm, Kenneth, 141
Lindsay, John V., 150. See also New York
Lloyd Center, 95
Lonergan, Howard, 106, 110, 111, 112, 151
Longshoremen's Strike of 1934, 48, 87
Los Angeles, CA: labor racketeering in, 127–28, 129; organized crime in, 153; reform efforts in, 160; Retail Workers union in, 129; Teamsters in, 77, 78; during World War II, 50
Lotan, James, 35
Lovejoy, Asa, 25
Luciano, Charles “Lucky,” 10, 123, 180n19
Luckey, Ed, 112
Luken, Jim, 124
Lundy, Herbert, 109
MacColl, E. Kimbark, 14–15, 26, 41, 48, 52, 58, 169n45
Maloney, Thomas, 18, 73, 79–81, 83, 85, 96–97, 106, 109–10, 129, 132, 138; and 8212 Club, 135, 140; and election of 1954, 86, 138; and Exposition-Recreation Center, 94, 95; and Frank Colacurcio, 113, 154; and Fred Peterson, 109; and Howard Morgan, 91–92; indictment of, 100, 113–14; and James Purcell, 108, 114; and King Tower apartments, 89, 91, 133; and King Tower tapes, 90, 103, 104, 133, 136–37; and McClellan Committee, 131, 134; and Oregon Liquor Control Commission investigation, 89, 90, 91–92, 105; and Oregon politics, 91–92; and William Langley, 86, 87
Marsh, Floyd R., 44
Mays, Franklin Pierce, 31
McCallum, John, 77
McCarthy, Eugene, 149
McCarthy, Joseph, 121, 125, 130
McClellan, John, 4, 13–14, 125, 127, 129, 130, 131, 147, 148, 155, 156–57. See also McClellan Committee
McClellan Committee, 4, 119, 150, 153, 155, 156–57, 158, 159, 161, 183nn83–84; creation of, 125–27, 129–30; criticism of, 13, 145, 147–49; hearings, 131–35, 139–42; impact of, 142–44, 145, 148–49; praise of, 147; and Wayne Morse, 131
McClendon, Bobby, 141
McClure's Magazine, 28
McKinley, Joe. See McLaughlin, Joseph
McLaughlin, Joseph, 18; and Acme Amusement Company, 84; and 8212 Club, 135, 140; and election of 1954, 138; and Exposition-Recreation Center, 94–95; indictment of, 100, 113–14; and James Purcell, 107, 108; and King Tower tapes, 103–4, 105, 107, 137; and McClellan Committee, 131, 134; and Mount Hood Café, 84; and Oregon Liquor Control Commission investigation, 90, 91, 92; and organized crime in Seattle, 80; and the Teamsters union, 80, 81, 83–85, 87, 96–97, 109, 129, 132, 134; and William Langley, 73, 90 103–5, 106–8, 109, 136–37
McNamara, Donald, 69
McNamara, Pat, 130
Mears, Walter, 112
Meet the Press, 126
Meier and Frank Company, 49
Memorial Coliseum. See Exposition-Recreation Center
Merrill, Fred, 36
Miami, FL, 153
Milwaukee, WI, 26. See also Zeidler, Frank
Minielly, George, 110–11, 140–41
Mollenhoff, Clark, 127, 128, 132
Moody, Zenas, 32
Moose, Charles, 162
Moreland, Julius, 34
Morse, Wayne, 131
Mount Hood Café, 84, 114, 174n40
Multnomah Athletic Club, 68
municipal corruption, 27–31, 44, 47–40, 130, 160–61; in Chicago, 28, 116; and Kefauver Committee, 124; and McClellan Committee, 131–32, 142, 143, in New York, 10, 160; in Portland, 27–31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39–40, 41, 42, 45, 47–49, 51–52, 54, 57–59, 64, 65, 105, 131–32, 143, 152–53; in the Progressive Era, 6–7
Murder, Incorporated, 126, 129, 180n19
Murrow, Edward R., 106
Nance, David, 114
National Labor Relations Board, 121
Nemer, Norman, 83
New Deal, 47; and labor unions, 11, 119
New Hungerford Hotel, 102
New York, 116; bootlegging in, 123; and Fiorello LaGuardia, 47, 168n2; gambling in, 9, 84–85, 123; and John V. Lindsay, 150; and Kefauver Committee, 9–10; labor racketeering in, 97, 123, 126–27, 129; law enforcement corruption in, 10, 97, 160; and Lexow Commission, 9; municipal corruption in, 10, 160; organized crime in, 10, 71, 123, 125, 126, 153, 160; prostitution in, 9, 41–42, 54; and Tammany Hall, 28–29; and William O'Dwyer, 10, 123
New York Bureau of Municipal Research, 42–43
New York Committee of Fourteen, 34, 166n26, 169n24
Nixon, Richard, 148
Norris, Beggs, and Simpson, 51–52
Northern Pacific Lumber Company, 34, 39
Northwestern Electric Company, 48
O'Day, Patrick, 46
O'Donnell, Jack, 82
O'Dwyer, William, 10, 123. See also New York
Ohio Conference of Teamsters, 124
Olmstead, Roy, 8
Olsen, Jack, 70–71, 115, 172n105
Oregonian, 15, 66–67, 69–71, 86; exposé, 3, 4–5, 12, 100–102, 104–7, 109–10, 113, 114–15, 116, 118, 126, 128, 138, 143, 145, 153–56, 179n63; involvement in vice, 35, 36, 40; and James Elkins, 100, 117, 138, 153–58; and Pulitzer Prize, 105
Oregon Journal, 6, 15, 39, 44, 70, 82, 106, 111, 172n105; battle with the Oregonian, 153–55
Oregon Liquor Control Commission, 14, 45, 46, 88–89, 90, 92, 152; creation of, 88. See also Sheridan, Thomas
Oregon State Police, 80, 82, 104, 107, 109, 112, 136, 138, 146
organized crime: in Chicago, 8, 28, 71, 125, 153; in Detroit, 71; and the FBI, 79–80, 126, 181n23; and Jimmy Hoffa, 5, 125, 126; and the Kefauver Committee, 10, 123–24; in Los Angeles, 153; in New York, 10, 71, 123, 125, 126, 153, 160; in Philadelphia, 71, 123; in Portland, 3, 4, 11, 13, 55, 64, 66–67, 71, 73, 74, 80, 84, 98–100, 105, 113, 116, 119, 126, 128, 140, 143, 145, 153, 162; in Seattle, 8, 74, 99, 102, 103, 143, 161–62
Padrick, Walter, 53
Pago Pago, 170n46
Painters Union, 124
Parisi, Joe, 129
Park Avenue Hotel, 60
Pegler, Westbrook, 79
Penguin Club, 108
Peterson, Fred, 22, 69–70, 116; as commissioner, 63, 69, 93, 171n100; and corruption, 105, 106–9, 114, 118, 138; and elections, 69, 93, 116, 118, 138–39, 153; and Exposition-Recreation Center, 93–94; and James Elkins, 63, 92–93, 105, 106–7; and James Purcell, 105, 106–9; and Teamsters union, 92–93, 108
Pettygrove, Francis, 25
Philadelphia, 10, 160; law enforcement corruption in, 123; organized crime in, 71, 123
Phoenix, AZ, 65
pinball, 60, 80–82, 83–84, 86, 114, 140. See also gambling
Pingree, Hazen, 7. See also Detroit
Pitzer, Paul, 67
Plotkins, Leo, 107
Polhemus, James, 93
political bossism, 6, 7, 28–29, 32, 39, 43, 51; and political machines, 6, 29, 35, 97, 160
Portland, OR: anti–vice legislation in, 86, 171n100; bootlegging in, 3, 4, 10, 26–27, 33, 34, 37, 38, 40, 42, 44–45, 50–51, 54, 56, 57, 59, 60, 70, 100–101, 115, 161, 164n1, 169n46; city charter, 27; crime statistics for, 50, 51; decentralization of, 28, 72; election of 1956, 99, 109, 116, 118, 138–39; gambling in, 3, 4, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 26–27, 33, 34–37, 39–40, 42, 45, 46, 50–51, 54, 56–58, 59–68, 74, 80–82, 86, 88, 91, 92, 96–97, 100, 103, 105, 107–8, 114–15, 124, 133–37, 150, 152, 161, 164n1, 169n46; labor racketeering in, 4, 11, 13, 73, 74–75, 77, 80–84, 85, 86–90, 99–100, 104–5, 113–14, 119, 128–29, 131–32, 143, 152, 160–61, 162; law enforcement corruption in, 10, 12, 32–34, 42, 44, 45, 47–48, 51, 55, 59, 62–64, 70–71, 73–74, 85, 86–87, 91, 99–100, 103, 115, 132, 135–36, 137–42, 145, 151, 152, 153, 161, 162; municipal corruption in, 27–31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39–40, 41, 42, 45, 47–49, 51–52, 54, 57–59, 64, 65, 105, 131–32, 143, 152–53; organized crime in, 3, 4, 11, 13, 55, 64, 66–67, 71, 73, 74, 80, 84, 98–100, 105, 113, 116, 119, 126, 128, 140, 143, 145, 153, 162; population of, 25, 50; prostitution in, ix, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 26–27, 33, 34, 36–39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 47, 48, 50, 51, 53–55, 56–57, 59, 60, 67–68, 70, 91, 96, 100, 103, 107, 115, 152, 161; public market, 48–49; venereal disease in, 52–53; vice laws in, 33–34, 36, 37, 42, 43–44
Portland Board of Police Commissioners, 32–33, 34, 36
Portland Electric Power Company, 48
Portland General Electric, 93
Portland Housing Authority, 50
Portland Labor Temple, 80–81, 97
Portland Municipal Association, 34, 39
Portland Police Bureau Intelligence Division, 161
Portland Savings Bank, 34
Portland Trade Union Bureau, 55
Postwar Development Committee, 52
Press Club, 68
Presser, William, 124
Progressive Era, viii, 5–8, 160; labor laws, 5; labor unions during, 75, 97; muckrakers, 106; and municipal corruption, 6–7; and political reform, 7; Portland during, 36–45, 52; and prostitution, 5, 37, 54; and temperance movement, 6, 88
prostitution, 5–6, 10, 36–37, 164n1;in Chicago, 9; and Immigration Act of 1875, 5; and Mann Act, 5–6; in New York, 9, 41–42, 54; in Portland, ix, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 26–27, 33, 34, 36–39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 47, 48, 50, 51, 53–55, 56–57, 59, 60, 67–68, 70, 91, 96, 100, 103, 107, 115, 152, 161; in Progressive Era, 5, 37, 54; in Seattle, 8, 173n21
Pulitzer Prize, 153
punchboards, 67, 81, 83, 90, 171n89. See also gambling
Purcell, James, 21, 109, 118, 137, 138–39, 154; indictment of, 100, 113, 115; and law enforcement corruption, 105, 106–8, 115, 145, 177n30; and Penguin Club, 107–8
Purcell, John Bardell, 108, 114
Radio Cab Company, 70
Raines Law, 166n26
Rankin, C. N., 36
Raymond, Charles, 134
Reed, Henry, 41
Reed, John, viii
Rehberg, F. G., 53
Reid, William, 32
Reiter, Norman, 115
Retail Clerks International Association, 180n23. See also Retail Clerks union
Retail Clerks union, 128, 129, 180n23
Riddell, A. G., 49
Riesel, Victor, 126
Riley, Earl, 10–11, 16, 69; as city commissioner, 48; and elections, 48–49, 65–66; indictment of, 48–49; and municipal corruption, 47, 48–49, 50–59, 65, 168n20, 169n45
Roadnight, Raymond, 115
Robinson, David, 158
Rogers, Gerry, 86
Rondhus, Francis, 115
Roosevelt, Franklin, ix
San Anita, the, 51
San Antonio, TX, 65
San Francisco, CA, 25, 50, 160; gambling in, 84–85; Teamsters union in, 77
Santoiana, Joseph, Jr., 13, 111, 112
Saratoga Club, 51
Savoy, the, 53
Schrecker, Ellen, 122
Schrunk, Terry, 23, 109, 114; election of, 116, 118, 138–39, 182n62; indictment of, 118, 138–39, 145; and King Tower tapes, 110, 111, 112; and law enforcement corruption, 14, 116, 118, 135–41, 145–46, 152–53;as mayor of Portland, 145–46, 149–50, 159; and McClellan Committee, 131, 134–35, 139–42, 144, 145, 148–49; and Teamsters union, 138, 149, 182n64; trial of, 145–47, 148, 149, 153, 182n62
Scott, Harvey, 35
Sears, Roebuck and Co., 129
Seattle, 25, 183n84; and Bertha Landes, 8, 47, 167n2; bootlegging in, 8; gambling in, 8, 57, 74, 78, 80, 81, 173n21; labor racketeering in, 8, 74; organized crime in, 8, 74, 99, 102, 103, 143, 161–62 (see also Colacurcio, Frank); prostitution in, 8, 173n21; and Richard Ballinger, 8
Seegar, Robert, 114
Shefferman, Nathan, 129
Sheridan, Thomas, 88–89, 90, 91–92, 105, 133, 152
Siegel, Benjamin “Bugsy,” 180n19
“silver platter” doctrine, 156, 158
Simon, Joseph, 29, 32–33, 34, 35, 39–40, 41, 47
Simpson, David, 51
slot machines, 57, 61, 64, 67, 68. See also gambling
Smalley, Helen, 91
Smith, Billy, 30
Smith, Elmo, 104, 106, 110, 112, 178n46
Smith, William, 34
Snell, Earl, 55
Snyder, Gary, viii
Solis-Cohen, David, 36
Spada, Amil, 148
Spear, Manton, 88
Spokane, WA, 80
Sprague, Robert, 115
Stanford, Phil, 15, 62, 175n85, 182n64
Stanford Research Institute, 94
Starling, George, 124
St. Louis, MO, 26, 160. See also Tucker, Raymond
Stone, Laura, 136
Subversive Activities Control Board, 122
Swarthout, John, 148
Sweeney, John: and Exposition-Recreation Center, 95; and gambling in Portland, 80, 83, 95, 132; and law enforcement corruption, 86–87, 134; and Oregon politics, 89; and Portland politics, 85, 86, 108–9, 138
Tacoma, WA, 25
Taft, Robert, 121
Taft-Hartley Act, 121, 122–23, 127, 131, 142
Talbott, Harold, 125
Tarbell, Ida, 106
Teamsters union, ix, 13, 122–23; and Brewery Workers Union, 179n2; creation of, 75–76; and James Elkins, 80–84, 114; and Joint Council of Unions, 78; and labor racketeering, 3–5, 12–13, 73, 74–75, 76–77, 78, 79, 97–98 (see also labor racketeering); Local 174, 77, 79, 128; and McClellan Committee, 4, 119–20, 131, 134, 142–43, 147–48; and Oregonian strike, 109–10; and Oregon Liquor Control Commission, 88–89, 90, 92; and Oregon politics, 74, 87–89, 92, 104, 138; organizing Portland, 77, 78; and Portland politics, 82, 85–86, 93, 108–9, 116, 149; and Retail Clerks union, 180n23. See also Beck, Dave; Brewster, Frank; Coin Machine Men of Oregon; Crosby, Clyde; Hoffa, Jimmy; Maloney, Thomas; Sweeney, John
Telvi, Abraham, 126
Terry, Gladys, 114
Terry, Stanley, 171n87; and James Elkins, 60, 64, 81; and Mount Hood Café, 84, 114; and Terry Schrunk, 136–37, 139, 146; and Teamsters union, 83, 114
Theoharis, Athan, 122
Thomas, Joe, 30
Thompson, Ann, 96
Thompson, David, 34
Thornton, Robert, 161; criticism of, 150–52; and King Tower tapes, 156; and law enforcement corruption, 151–52; and Oregon Liquor Control Commission investigation, 89, 91–92, 107; and Portland vice scandal, 100, 104, 110, 112–13, 115–16, 137, 150, 156, 182nn61–62
Tiedeman, Merlin, 141
Timber and Stone Act of 1878, 31
Tin Plate law, 42
Toledo, OH, 7
Torrio, Johnny, 28
Travelers Insurance Company, 49
Triscaro, Louis, 124
Truman, Harry, 120
Tubber, Gideon, 8
Tucker, Raymond, 47, 167n2. See also St. Louis
Turf Club, 170n46
Turner, Wallace, 24, 109, 113, 162; biography of, 176n1; and Heywood Broun Award, 105, 153–54; and James Elkins, 62, 99–101, 102, 132, 153, 155–59, 161; and King Tower tapes, 99, 102, 103, 110, 133–34, 159; and McClellan Committee, 4, 131–32, 143; and Mike Elliot, 67; and Oregonian exposé, 3, 12, 74, 99–100, 102, 104–6, 128–29, 143, 147, 153, 155, 176n3; and Robert Kennedy, 119, 128, 146–47, 149, 157–58; and Robert Thornton, 150; and Terry Schrunk, 139, 146–47, 149; and Wayne Morse, 131; and William Langley, 115, 133–34, 147
Tweed, William M., 28
Unauthorized Publication or Use of Communications Statute, 157
Union Casualty Life Insurance Agency, 125
Uris, Joseph, 15, 109, 138, 150, 177n30
U.S. Congress Joint Committee of Government Operations, 125
U.S. House Government Operations Subcommittee on Investigations, 124
U.S. Maritime Commission, 49
U.S. National Bank, 41
U.S. Senate Committee on Government Operations, 125, 127, 130, 143
U.S. Senate Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, 122
U.S. Senate Select Committee on Improper Activities in the Labor or Management Field. See McClellan Committee
U.S. Senate Special Committee on Organized Crime and Interstate Commerce. See Kefauver Committee
U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Investigations: and Communism, 121–122; and labor racketeering, 3–4, 13–14, 116, 119, 130; and municipal corruption, 58; and organized crime in Portland, 60, 61, 116; and Portland politics, 116; and Portland vice scandal, 98, 118–19
U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Labor Management Relations, 122
Vancouver, B.C., 78
Vice Commission of 1912, viii, 40–41, 45
Villard, Henry, 32
Walkins, W. H., 27
Wallen, Elmer, 146
West, Oswald, 41
Western Conference of Teamsters, 78, 79, 80, 128, 140, 143, 179n63, 185n47
Willamette Iron and Steel, 49
Williams, George, 38
Williamson, John, 31
Winter, Al, 58, 66, 136, 137, 169n46
Woodward, Bob, 106
Wright, Budge, 83
Wycoff, Ralph, 151
Zenith Rooms, 53