adaptation 7, 45, 165, 172; see also conformity
administered world 43, 44, 116, 118, 121, 123, 127, 165
aesthetics 44, 147–59; dialectical 152–3; and history 148; and judgement 148–51; metaaesthetics 147–8; subjective (Kant) 44, 148, 149–53; objective (Hegel) 44, 148, 151–3; see also beauty, critique, judgement, taste
affinity 10, 23, 26, 28, 30, 77, 78, 92, 93
alienation 14, 43, 118, 125, 135–6, 170, 175
antinomy 23–4, 25, 26, 72, 101–2, 105, 112n2; see also Kant
anti-Semitism 4, 5, 31, 59, 138; see also prejudice
Arendt, H. 59
Aristotle 48–9, 64, 77, 89, 90, 97n41, 100, 113n18
Arnold, M. 176
art 44–5, 74, 92–3, 122, 124, 148, 160n2, 176, 183; and autonomy 124, 150–51, 157, 176; and history 148, 183; and political engagement 44–5, 154, 156–9; and ideology 45, 157–9; and philosophy 13, 44, 153–6, 159; and society 148, 157; and subject and object 152–3, 155–6; and truth 74, 154, 158; see also beauty, literature, music, painting
Auschwitz 43, 65–6, 75n1, 100, 109, 132–3; see also genocide, Holocaust
authoritarianism 6, 8, 34, 115, 122, 138, 171, 175
autonomy 14–16, 29, 102, 103, 109, 114n28, 126; of art (see art); see also freedom, self-determination
Barth, K. 73
Baudelaire, C. 148
beauty 74, 92, 97n39, 150, 151
Beethoven, L. 35, 152, 153, 166, 174, 175
Benjamin, W. 4, 21–2, 42, 62n25, 67–8, 69, 70, 150–51, 153–4, 184, 185–6, 187, 188; see also aura, constellation, naming, natural history
Berkeley Public Opinion Study Group 138
Berman, R. 145n1
Bernstein, J. M. 9, 113n21, 123, 126
Boorstin, D. 176
bourgeoisie 6, 124, 125, 136, 137; see also class, class struggle, proletariat
Bozzetti, M. 194n7
Brandom, R. B. 95n20
Brecht, B. 22, 44, 156, 157, 160n11
Bristow, W. F. 95n24
Brumlik, M. 75n5
Brunkhorst, H. 194n13
Buck-Morss, S. 194n5
capitalism 6–8, 12, 17, 29, 32, 69, 103, 118–21, 133, 189, 191; late 100, 106, 136, 161; liberal 6, 29, 31, 119; monopoly 8, 29, 119–20, 136, 137, 141, 161, 166; state 7–8, 119–20; see also commodification, commodity, exchange principle, fetishism, nature (second)
Cartwright, N. 97n41
Cassirer, E. 96n37
catastrophe 9, 25, 33, 45, 46, 100, 156, 18–7, 190, 193
categorical imperative 43, 99, 105, 106, 112n10, 143; and new categorical imperative 43, 109, 113n25; see also moral philosophy
causality 23–4, 49, 89, 143; see also determinism
Cimabue 150
class 6–7, 43, 118, 136–7; see also bourgeoisie, proletariat
class struggle 6–7, 118; see also revolution
collective action 9, 139–42, 191–3; see also global subject, praxis, solidarity
Columbia University 3
commodification 14, 15, 24, 66; see also commodity, exchange relations, fetishism, reification
commodity 170–71, 173; see also commodification, exchange relations, fetishism, spirit (objective)
compassion see ethics
concept 10–13, 22–3, 26, 47–61, 84–5, 88–9; emphatic 12–13; pure 48; see also universal
conformity 7, 45, 136; see also adaptation
Conrad-Martius, H. 90
consequentialism 106, 113n16; see also moral philosophy
constellation 12–13, 22, 41, 57–60
Cook, Deborah 189
Coyle, M. 35
critique 22, 25, 133, 139, 144, 185; and aesthetics 153–6; and art 156–7; see also metacritique
Culture 177n1
culture 45, 52–3, 60, 66, 75, 121, 122, 159, 161–77; effect 173, 175; and history 162–3, 167, 171, 173, 174–5; objective 163–4; and part and whole 166–7; and the subject 163, 165–6; subjective 163–4; see also art, commodity, music, spirit
culture industry 5–6, 7, 34, 43, 121–3, 152, 162, 166, 172–3, 176; mass culture 34, 121, 165, 176; popular culture 121, 176; pseudo-culture 45, 165–7, 175; see also standardization and pseudo-individualization
Debord, G. 34
Demmerling, C. 95n10
democracy 8, 44, 138–9, 183; see also maturity
Democritus 67
Descartes, R. 64
determinate negation 11–12, 25
determination 103, 109; see also causality, determinism, freedom
determinism 24, 110, 112n7; see also causality, determination, freedom
Dews, P. 95n19
dialectics 47–61; negative 26, 47, 50–61; positive 53–4; see also Hegel
Diderot, D. 67
Dilthey, W. 194n6
disenchantment 45, 167–8, 169; see also Weber
Dolan, M. 35
domination 4–5, 9, 16, 28, 30, 45, 50–51, 54–5, 65, 68, 69, 103, 116, 118, 120, 184–5, 189
Durkheim, E. 167
Eagleton, T. 35
economy see capitalism
ego 14, 16, 30–31, 36n18, 71, 121; see also Freud, id, psychoanalysis
emancipation 5, 17, 116, 126, 128, 138, 193
empirical research 4, 8, 34–5, 138; see also science, social science
enlightenment 4–6, 30, 32, 41, 47, 50–52, 60, 62n19, 100, 116, 133, 162, 165, 168–9, 189
Epicurus 67
ethics 109–10, 128; of compassion, 102, 107, 108; ideals 108–9; of intention (conviction) 105–7; of responsibility (substantive) 106–7; virtue 100, 107; see also intimacy, moral philosophy
Ewen, S. 34
exchange relations 13–14, 15–16, 25, 27, 118, 191–2; and identity 13; see also capitalism, commodification, commodity, fetishism, reification
existentialism 64, 107, 175; see also Heidegger, Sartre
family 14, 15, 34, 43, 121, 124–5
fascism 5, 6, 131, 137, 138, 142, 175; see also Auschwitz, Gestapo, National Socialism, Nazism
fetishism 8, 22, 170–71; see also commodification, commodity, exchange relations, reification
Fichte, G. 70
Figal, G. 96n38
Finlayson, J. G. 62n21, 113n21, 114n31
forces of production 17, 136–7; see also relations of production
Franco, P. 96n29
freedom 11–12, 13, 23–4, 29, 44, 102–3; 112n7, 116, 119, 120, 131–3, 134, 138, 140, 142, 157, 166, 181; negative 110, 114n27, 114n28, 142, 142–4, 181; see also autonomy, moral philosophy, selfdetermination
Freud, S. 6, 15, 29–30, 36n18, 60, 70, 106, 121; see also ego, group psychology, id, instinct, psychoanalysis
Freyenhagen, F. 43, 62n28, 75n1, 114n31, 192n20
Frith, S. 35
Gadamer, H.-G. 93
Gehlen, A. 75n6
genocide 14, 100, 145, 187; see also Auschwitz, Holocaust
Gestapo 3, 44, 131–2; see also National Socialism, Nazism
Goethe, J. W. 92; see also affinity
group psychology 15; see also Freud
Grumley, J. E. 128n1
Geuss, R. 112n9
habeas corpus 134
Habermas, J. 22, 31–3, 74, 114n30, 128, 163, 194n13
Hammer, E. 42, 96n36, 113n23, 146n1
Hegel, G. W. F. 12, 22, 24–6, 29, 41, 42, 44, 45, 47–50, 51–4, 55–6, 58, 61, 69, 78, 87–9, 93, 104, 106, 112n8, 134, 148, 151–2, 179, 181, 183, 190, 191, 192; see also aesthetics, dialectics, history, idealism, logic, sense certainty, spirit
Heidegger, M. 21, 71, 93–4, 97n40, 190; see also existentialism
Herman, B. 112n14
hermeneutics 33–4, 64, 84–5, 179, 180, 182, 184, 194n6
Hindemith, P. 175
history 27, 45–6, 51, 116, 179–94; continuity in 29, 45, 184, 187; and dialectics 182–4; discontinuity in 45, 181–2, 183–4, 185, 194n8; natural 6, 27–30, 45–6, 68, 84, 179, 182, 188–90, 195n17; necessity in 29; and progress 9, 24–5, 36n5, 45, 116, 169, 179, 180, 185–8, 192, 194; totality 179, 180, 190–94; universal 169, 179, 180–85, 186; and world spirit 25, 190, 191, 193; see also declinism
Hobbes, T. 67
Holbach, Baron de 67
Hollywood 5
Holocaust 42, 161, 180, 187; see also Auschwitz, genocide
Horkheimer, M. 3–5, 74, 115–16, 138, 163, 169, 181
horoscope see astrology
Husserl, E. 4, 18n6, 21, 42, 78, 79–86, 89–91, 195n19; and aesthetic experience 80, 85; and epoché 80, 85; and philosophy of consciousness 79, 81, 84, 86; see also intentionality
Huxley, A. 176
id 14, 30, 36n18, 71; see also ego, Freud, psychoanalysis
idealism 27, 48, 63, 64, 85, 86–8, 90–1, 180
identity (thinking) 9–10, 23, 47, 54–5, 68, 85, 123, 169; see also nonidentity thinking
ideology 65, 101, 157–9, 189–90; of individual (bourgeois individualism) 14, 122
immanence 9, 42, 66, 69, 72, 84; see also transcendence
immediacy 26, 56, 69, 79; see also mediation
impoverishment 7
individual 7, 13–16, 25, 26, 27, 29, 43, 55–6, 66, 71. 90, 94, 118–19, 120–21, 135–6, 137, 165, 166, 171, 191–3; see also particular, society, subject
Ingarden, R. 96n31
instinct 6, 16, 29, 30, 31, 51, 53; see also nature (internal)
Institute for Social Research 3–4, 33–4, 115, 116, 134
intimacy 46, 124–7, see also love
Jaeggi, R. 125
Jameson, F. 35
Jarvis, S. 16, 22, 50, 62n16, 112n15, 160n14, 182
judgement; aesthetic 149–51; cognitive 48–9, 83, 149–50; moral 149–50; negative 49; see also Kant
Kant, I. 10, 21, 22–4, 32, 36n5, 41, 42, 43, 44, 47–9, 61, 64, 65, 69–70, 71–2, 77, 78, 85, 86–7, 93, 99, 101–2, 103, 105–6, 109, 112n2, 114n27, 134, 143–4, 148, 149–52, 165, 181, 189, 192; see also aesthetics, antinomy, categorical imperative, freedom, idealism, judgement, logic, taste, things-inthemselves
Katz, E. 34
Kern, I. 95n16
Kierkegaard, S. 194n11
Krauschaar, W. 146n1
Kürnberger, F. 112n5
labour 3, 7, 14, 17, 27, 30, 34, 137, 140–41, 170; division of 141, 164, 165, 170
La Mettrie, J. 67
language 13, 68, 70, 78–9, 79–83, 92
Leavis, F. R. 176
Leibniz, G. 64
Lepenies, W. 75n6
life 101, 102, 144; good 99, 112n3, 127; right 99, 101, 103, 104, 110, 125; wrong 43, 101, 125, 126–7
literature 35, 147, 154; see also art
Livingstone, R. 112n3
logic 47–61, 88; general 48; transcendental 47, 48–9 (see also Kant); dialectical see dialectics, Hegel
logical positivism 64
Los Angeles Times 8, 45, 171–2
love 125–7; ethical 126; romantic 126
Löwenthal, L. 176
Lukács, G. 22, 32, 75n6, 163, 189
Luxemberg, R. 115
MacIntyre, A. 112n1
Maestà 150
Mahler, G. 175
Marcuse, H. 17
Marx, K. 4, 5, 6, 14, 22, 27–9, 29–30, 32, 36n25, 37n28, 63, 65, 72, 103, 116, 133, 136, 168, 170, 179; see also bourgeoisie, class, class struggle, commodity, exchange relations, fetishism, forces of production, labour, natural history, proletariat, relations of production, revolution
materialism 26, 27, 42, 63, 67, 70, 91, 109, 194n8
maturity 9, 32, 44, 46, 114n27, 139, 180; see also autonomy, democracy
McCarthy, M. 176
McDowell, J. 95n15
mediation 26, 56, 69, 117, 166; see also immediacy
Menke, C. 113n18
metacritique 78, 79, 84, 95n10, 112n15
metaphysical experience 12, 42, 67–72, 73–4
metaphysics 42, 63–75, 80; generalis 64; specialis 64
Milton, J. 154
mimesis 43, 62n19, 67, 70, 74, 78–9, 91–4
Moltmann, J. 66
Moore, A. 35
moral philosophy 43, 73, 99–112; and consequences 105–6, 113n16; critique of 104, 107; and formalism 105, 112n12; and moral principles 73, 104, 105; and normativity 111, 123–4; see also categorical imperative, compassion, ethics, freedom, responsibility
music 35, 147, 148, 172–6; effect 175; and history 174; motif 174; popular 45, 172–3; pure 175; serious 45, 174–6; sonata 174; symphony 174; see also art, culture, jazz
myth 4–5, 41, 47, 50–52, 60, 62n19, 169–70, 188, 189
naming 67–8; see also Benjamin
National Socialism 5, 18n9, 145; see also anti-Semitism, Auschwitz, fascism, Gestapo, Nazism
natural history 6, 27–30, 45–6, 68, 84, 179, 182, 188–90, 195n17; see also history, nature
naturalism 65
nature 4–5, 9, 27, 29, 30, 41, 42, 50–53, 60, 65, 74, 77, 84, 93, 102, 103, 116, 164, 169, 184, 188–90, 195n17; external 9, 51, 102–3; internal 9, 51, 103; second 17, 102, 103, 189–90; see also instinct, natural history
Nazism 8, 15, 31, 112n2, 133; see also anti-Semitism, Auschwitz, fascism, Gestapo, National Socialism
non-identity 10–13, 23, 26–8, 42, 48, 54, 55–7, 74, 78, 86–8, 89–91, 144, 163
non-identity thinking 9–13, 41, 46, 47, 56–7, 58–60; see also identity thinking
Novalis, F. 154
object 9–13, 22–3, 26, 42, 47–61, 65, 68, 70, 79–83 84–5, 87 89–94, 151–3, 155; historical character of 59–60; preponderance of 13, 26, 29, 42, 53, 86–9, 93; see also particular, universal, concept
Odyssey 5
ordinary language philosophy 64
Orwell, G. 176
Oxford University 4
Paddison, M. 35
Parsons, T. 129n21
particular 9, 10, 24, 25–6, 66, 193; see also individual, non-conceptual, object, singularity
Passmore, J. 62n18
Pauen, M. 75n5
Petrucciani, S. 194n14
phenomenology 21, 64, 78, 84, 175; see also Heidegger, Husserl, Sartre
philosophy of language 86
Picasso, P. 148
poetry 148, 150, 154; see also art
Pollock, F. 4, 7–8, 18n16, 119–20; see also capitalism (state)
prejudice 8, 15, 145; see also anti-Semitism
Princeton University 4
progress see history
proletariat 6, 29, 32, 115, 136, 140; see also bourgeoisie, class, class struggle
Proust, M. 68
pseudo-individualization 122–3, 173; see also culture (pseudo-)
psychoanalysis 4, 8, 30, 31, 121, 124; see also Freud
public opinion 15
radio 4, 120, 162; and Princeton Radio Research Project 4
reason 16–17, 23, 32, 53, 67, 71–2, 116, 124, 126, 140, 169, 189, 192; see also enlightenment, identity (thinking), nonidentity thinking
reconciliation 13, 17, 33, 42, 46, 52–4, 57, 61, 68–9, 71, 124, 175
reification 8, 24, 32, 68, 185; see also commodification, commodity, exchange relations, fetishism
relations of production 29, 136–7; see also forces of production
religion 75
renunciation 30
repression 15, 30, 52, 71, 110
resistance 14, 31, 44, 46, 74, 109–10, 113n24, 127, 133, 141, 144, 167, 177, 187, 190
responsibility 112n2, 114n28, 139, 140; see also moral philosophy
revolution 7, 113n24, 115, 133, 168
Righter, C. 171
Rockefeller Foundation 4
Rohrmoser, G. 189
Ryle, G. 4
Sartre, J. P. 44, 156, 160n11; see also existentialism
Schenker, H. 167
Schiller, F. 97n39
Schlegel, F. 150
Schnädelbach, H. 95n9
Schönberg, A. 35, 147, 148, 155, 162, 175–6
science 55, 69, 169, 170; see also causality, empirical research, social science
Seel, M. 96n36
self-determination 102, 110; see also autonomy, freedom
self-preservation 5, 16–17, 28, 29–30, 51, 55, 69, 71, 118, 140–41, 144, 189; see also instinct, nature
sense certainty 56; see also Hegel
singularity 55–6, 58; 59–60, 68; see also individual, object, nonconceptual, particular
Smith, A. 102
social science 8, 136; see also empirical research, science
society 8, 13–17, 23, 27, 29–30, 32–3, 43, 46, 66, 68, 71, 102, 103, 116–23, 166, 169, 171, 191, 192–3; see also administered world, capitalism, individual, totality, universal
sociology 116–17, 118; see also empirical research, social science
solidarity 14, 46, 108, 118, 136; see also collective action
Spengler, O. 185
Spinoza, B. 25, 166, 167; see also determinate negation
spirit (Geist) 25, 181, 191; subjective 162, 164, 165, 169, 170–71; objective 163–4, 170, 171; see also culture, history
state capitalism 7–8, 18n16, 119–20; see also Pollock
Stone, A. 36n10, 41–2, 113n23, 178n11, 195n17
subject 5, 12, 22–3, 42, 79–80, 82–3, 92–3, 151–3, 155, 162, 163, 165–6, 168, 188; see also individual
suffering 11–12, 73, 74, 108, 117, 124, 175
Taylor, C. 94n7
Taylor, F. 170
Tettlebaum, M. 44, 75n1, 114n27
theodicy 65
theory 140–42; see also praxis
things-in-themselves 22–3, 70, 87, 88; see also Kant
totalitarianism 16, 27, 46, 59, 66, 68, 171; see also capitalism, fascism, National Socialism, Nazism
totality 66, 179, 180, 190–4; see also history, society
transcendence 28, 42, 66, 67–72, 73, 75, 90; see also immanence
truth 12–13, 15, 45, 63, 69, 86, 154, 158, 167
Ulysses 170
universal 9, 10, 13, 24, 54–6, 66; see also concept
utilitarianism 99
utopia 13, 29, 44, 68, 72, 124, 142, 158, 162, 177n1; see also redemption, reconciliation
variety theatre 162
Weber, M. 12, 34, 45, 113n16, 163, 167–8, 169, 178n10
Webern, A. 175
welfare state 7
Wellmer, A. 33
Whitebook, J. 36n18
Wittgenstein, L. 81, 93, 95n10
Wolff, C. 64
working class see proletariat