Charles Dickens in Context

illness, disease and sgieocial hyne 270–1, 349

and Bleak House 271, 345, 347–8

and Dickens’s journalism 344

and Dombey and Son 271, 345, 346

and Great Expectations 344–5

and Little Dorrit 346

and Martin Chuzzlewit 345

and Nicholas Nickleby 344, 345

and Oliver Twist 345

and Our Mutual Friend 346

and public health reform 348–9

and The Old Curiosity Shop 345, 346

and The Pickwick Papers 344

cholera epidemics 271, 286, 343

infant mortality 343–4

medical professionals 344–5, 348

miasmatism 346

Public Health Act (1848) 235

public health reform 271, 344

sanitation and sanitary reform 343, 344, 347, 348–9

sickroom, the 346

smallpox 348

Illustrated London News 128, 148, 286, 287

illustrated novel, the 166–76

names of individual illustrators

and Bleak House 172–3

and David Copperfield 170

and Dickens 168–76

and Dombey and Son 170

and The Battle of Life 170

and The Mystery of Edwin Drood 166, 173–5

and The Old Curiosity Shop 166, 170, 172

and The Pickwick Papers 168, 172

Inchbald, Elizabeth 4

India 12, 195

1857 ‘Mutiny’ 208, 287–9, 298

industrialisation 92, 194–7, 248

and gender 351, 365

International Exhibition 150

Ireland 284

Dickens’s depictions of Irish immigrants 272

Irish immigration to Britain 271, 272

Irving, Henry 103

Irving, Washington 36, 101, 256

Is She His Wife? (play) 130

Isango/Portobello Productions 65

Italy 43, 204, 341

Dickens’s sojourn in 8, 37, 38, 206–8, 232

Risorgimento 43, 206–8

Jackson, Andrew 216

Jackson, John Hughlings 344

Jackson, T. A. 22, 51

Jackson, Tommy 240

Jamaica

Morant Bay uprising (1865) 289–90, 297

Dickens’s attitude towards 16

Eyre Defence League 16, 290

James, G. P. R. 160

James, Henry 53, 140, 279

Jeffrey, Francis 36

Jeffreys, Stephen 62

Jerrold, Douglas 112, 129, 240

Jerrold, William Blanchard 40, 155

John, Juliet 71

Johnson, Edgar 23, 232, 287

Johnson, Michael K. 72

Johnson, Pamela Hansford 359, 360

Johnson, Samuel 99

Jones, Lloyd

Mister Pip 83, 84, 85–7

Jones, Sir Horace 230

Jones-Evans, Eric 60

Jonson, Ben 253

Jowett, Benjamin 40

Joyce, James 45

Kafka, Franz 45

Kaplan, Fred 25

Kay-Shuttleworth, Dr James 220, 225

Kean, Charles 27

Kean, Edmund 138

Keats, John 100, 213

Kemble, Charles 131

Kemble, Fanny 131

Kielland, Alexander 44, 47, 48, 49

Kingsley, Charles 290

Kinkaid, James 191

Kitton, F. G. 20

Knebworth 253

Knox, Robert 295–6, 299

Koch, Robert 346

Lamert, James 231

Lamplighter, The (play) 29

Lancaster, Joseph 221

Landon, Letitia 143

Landor, Walter Savage 36

Landseer, Edwin 166

Langbridge, Canon Frederick 60

Langley, Noel 71

Langton, Robert 20

Laurence, Samuel 155

law 199, 310–17

and Bleak House 316–17

and David Copperfield 315

and Oliver Twist 314–15

and The Pickwick Papers 314, 315

Bloody Code, the 312

Dickens’s interest in as a career 5, 311

legal professionals 311–13

trial scenes in Dickens’s fiction 311

Lawrence, D. H. 47, 48

Layard, Austen Henry 287

Leader 331

Lean, David 67, 68–71

Leavis, F. R. 52, 54–5

Leavis, Q. D. 55

Ledger, Sally 57, 240

Lee, Carol 190

Leech, John 153, 166, 170, 304

Leighton, Frederick 175

Lesage, Alain-René

Gil Blas 142

lesbianism 82

Miss Wade (Little Dorrit) 82, 362

Levenson, Michael 363

Lever, Charles 166

Levin, Bernard 61

Lewes, George Henry 41, 102, 141, 143, 332

Ranthorpe 143, 144

Lewis, Sarah 366

Ley, J. W. T. 21

Life of Our Lord, The 187, 188, 323–4

Lindsay, Jack 23

Linnaeus, Carl 293

Linton, Eliza Lynn 367, 371

Little Dorrit 9, 12, 39, 52, 54, 78, 96, 141, 152, 162, 196–7, 198, 201, 205, 206, 207–8, 223, 232, 233, 237, 238, 241, 249, 257–8, 266, 277–8, 287, 318, 322, 341, 342, 346, 350, 354, 362

Little Nell (play) 64

Liverpool and Manchester Railway 339

Lloyd, Edward 32, 33, 109, 112

Lloyd, Frederick 70

Lombroso, Cesare 308

London 227–33

and Bleak House 229–30, 231

and Dombey and Son 228, 233

and Great Expectations 233

and Little Dorrit 233

and Martin Chuzzlewit 233

bridges 228

cemeteries 229

‘Dickensian’ London 231–3

employment, types of 230–1

housing 229

Metropolitan Board of Works (estd 1855) 227, 228

Metropolitan Police (estd 1829) 227

population and growth 194, 227–8, 268

prisons 232

public buildings 228

railways and stations 228–9

roads 228

sewerage system 228

London and Westminster Review 36

London City Corporation 93

London City Mission 93, 113

London to Birmingham railway 340

London University 220

Long, Edward 293, 296

Lord Liverpool’s administration (1812–27) 110

Lorimer, Douglas 293

Lowe, Robert 220

Lowell factory 215

Lowenthal, David 79

Ludwig, Otto 45, 47

Lukàcs György 159, 161–2

Lunn, H. K. (‘Hugh Kingsmill’) 21

Lyell, Sir Charles 290, 330

Lyttelton, Spencer 273

Macaulay, Thomas Babington 163

Mackenzie, Dr R. Shelton 19

Maclise, Daniel 7, 103, 153, 155, 166

Maconochie, Captain Alexander 306

MacPike, Loralee 44

Macready, William Charles 7, 101, 103, 125–6, 154, 172, 211

Macrone, John 158

Malthus, Thomas 360

Dickens’s attacks on Malthusian population theory 181–2, 248

Manchester School 237, 238, 245

Mandler, Peter 296

Mann, Thomas 140

Mannings, execution of 305, 312

Marcus, Sharon 362

Marcus, Steven 45, 54, 359–60

Margolyes, Miriam 64, 72

Marryat, Captain Frederick 212

Marsden, Gordon 75

Marsh, Joss Lutz 361

Marshalsea prison 4, 19, 301, 343

and Little Dorrit 82, 301

Martin Chuzzlewit 8, 35, 37, 53, 63, 198, 201, 211, 213, 214, 216–17, 233, 273, 277, 285, 313, 340, 344, 345, 362, 363, 370

Martineau, Harriet 175, 201, 212, 262

Martin-Harvey, Sir John 60

Marx, Karl 248, 250, 276

Marxism 22, 23, 162, 240, 276

masculinities. See gender

masochism 44

Mason, Michael 360

Mason, Robert Hindry 155

Masson, David 40

Master Humphrey’s Clock 9, 113, 170, 340

Mathews, Charles 6

Matrimonial Causes Act (1857) 360

Maurice, Frederick Denison 366

Maurier, George du 171

Maxwell, James Clerk 330

Maxwell, Richard 161

Mayall, John 106, 155

Mayhew, Henry 93, 198, 199, 230, 231

Mechanics’ Institutes 220

melodrama 27, 29, 31, 39, 63, 112, 128, 129, 133, 316

and A Christmas Carol 137

and Barnaby Rudge 137–8

and Great Expectations 135

and literary criticism 133, 136

and Nicholas Nickleby 135

and Oliver Twist 135–6, 138

and Sketches by Boz 135

and ‘The Amusements of the People’ 133

and The Old Curiosity Shop 136

audiences 133–4

Dickens’s melodramatic aesthetics 134–8

historical genesis of 133–4

Menke, Richard 208

mesmerism 23, 85, 326, 344

Methodism 321

Metropolitan Sanitary Association 347

middle classes, the 260–8

and A Tale of Two Cities 264

and art 148–9

and Chartism 241

and Dombey and Son 265–6

and domesticity 75, 262, 265–6

and Great Expectations 264–5

and popular culture 92

and the franchise 235

and the ‘Gospel of work’ 197

and the suburbs 229

and the theatre 28, 126–7, 128

and work 262

definitions of 260–2

Miles, William Augustus 302

Mill, John Stuart 16, 212, 244, 249, 261, 290, 297, 365–6

Millais, Sir John Everett 152, 153, 155, 175

Dickens’s hostile response to Christ in the House of his Parents 154

Miller, D. A. 55–6

Miller, J. Hillis 53, 55, 170

Miller, Thomas 143

Mills, John 69

Mines Act (1842) 196, 235

Mirror of Parliament 252, 311

modern life painting 149

modernism 44, 46

Molloy, Charles 311

Moncrieff, William Thomas 30, 31, 125, 128, 130

Monroe, Marilyn 101

Monthly Magazine

Dickens’s contributions to

‘A Dinner at Poplar Walk’ 5

Moody, Ron 60

Moore, Grace 298

Moretti, Franco 146, 243

Morley, Henry 155, 190, 274, 286

Morning Chronicle 6, 180, 312, 314

Dickens’s contributions to 29

‘The Streets – Morning’ 232

‘The Streets – Night’ 232

Morris, R. J. 261, 262

Mortimer, John 62

Mrs Lirriper (short stories) 16

Munby, Arthur 201

Murray, John 206

music halls 63, 93–4, 95, 99

musical adaptations of Dickens’s work 33, 60–1, 66

Mystery of Charles Dickens, The (play) 64

Mystery of Edwin Drood, The 17, 22, 96, 166, 173–5, 184, 199, 221, 223, 272, 273, 290, 308, 313, 370, 371

Napoleon Bonaparte 99, 100

Napoleon III 106, 208, 285

Napoleonic wars 3, 93, 110, 159, 203, 205, 268, 341

national identity 74, 75, 83, 298

National Portrait Gallery 155

National Society 220

natural history 164, 327

natural theology 326

Nature 329

Nelson, Admiral Horatio 100

neo-Victorian 81

and Dickens 82–3

and Fingersmith 81–2

and Jack Maggs 83–7

and Mister Pip 83–7

and The French Lieutenant’s Woman 81

neurology 344

New Criticism 53, 54

New Journalism 103

New Zealand 284

Newcastle Commission 220

Newgate novels 160, 224, 307, 314

Newsom, Robert 26

newspaper and periodical market 109–15

and A Christmas Carol 113

and All the Year Round 114–15

and Dickens 112–15

and Household Words 114

and Master Humphrey’s Clock 113

government interference and taxation 110

hierarchies 112

mass market, development of 112

monthlies 112

publication figures 111

quarterlies 111

Sketches by Boz 113

unstamped press 110

newspaper and periodical press

and gender 352, 367

reviews of Dickens’s works 35–41

Nicholas Nickleby 7, 29, 30, 120, 125–6, 129, 130, 135, 143, 149, 186–7, 190, 197, 222, 224, 237, 239, 256, 277, 279, 320, 338, 344, 345, 355

Nicholson, Renton 32

Nightingale, Florence 262

Nisbet, Ada 44

No Thoroughfare (play) 29, 131

Nonconformism 220, 321

and Dickens 318–19

Northern Star 109, 240