Index

adult well-being, 53–57

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, The (Twain), 39–40

advertising to children, 57–59, 61, 194nn41, 44, 195nn54, 57

Ainsworth, Mary, 185n7

Akanksha Infertility Clinic (India), 141–44, 165–66, 219n13

Albright, Madeleine, 76

altruism, 189n26

American Coal Foundation, 59

anxiety, attachment and, 20, 185n7

Appadurai, Arjun, 218n6

ART. See reproductive technology (ART) clinics

attachment: alert, 20–23, 185nn7, 8; Internet dating and, 13–20; reattachment and, 178; spirit of the gift and, 167–68

Bartholomew, Kim, 185n7

Battistella, Graziano, 152

Baugher, John, 26

Bell, Jeff, 103

Bellah, Robert, 93, 95–96, 101

Big Brother government, 145

birthday party planners, 123, 128, 175–76

blue-collar man, 56–57

Bollier, David, 126

boundaries, attachment and, 21–23

Bowlby, John, 21, 185n7

brand/branding, 3, 101–10; children and, 58, 194n41; dating and, 16

bureaucratized care, 28–31

busy bees, 69–70, 73

Cacioppo, John, 20–21

capital, social and care, 159–62, 215n50, 216n53, 216–17n55, 217n59

capitalism, 126, 166, 178

care: child, 25, 27, 30; elder, 25–29; hyper-bureaucratized, globalized, and devalued, 28–31, 186–87nn15–17

care capital, 159–62

care chains, global, 148–50, 159–64

Career Academies, 60

cell phones, empathy and, 189n24

Center for Consumer Freedom, 58

Chang, Jui-shan, 107

charitable giving, 43, 190n43

Cheaper by the Dozen (film), 66

Chesleigh, Sean and Dianna, 106–7

childcare workers, 25, 27, 29, 30

“child industry,” advertising and, 57–59

“Children Create Peace” camps, 42–43, 190n39

children left behind, 147–64, 213n13; care capital vs. commons and, 159–64; in Kerala, 153–59; taboo on talk about, 150–53, 213–14n21

child well-being, 51–52

Christmas truce (1914), 42

churches, 97–98, 205nn23, 27

civic sphere, shift to family from, 100

Clinton, Hillary, 76

Coca-Cola, 106

college students, empathy and, 44, 190n46

commercialization: of intimate life, 119–21; thinking about, 124–27

commitment vs. duty, 100

commodification, 126, 128, 160, 166, 209n29

common ground, 42–43

commons, socioemotional, 149–50, 216–17nn55, 56; distortion and erosion of, 159–64; in Kerala (India), 157

community: church and, 97–98, 205nn23, 27; as emotional commons, 150; free market undermining of, 95–96; historical trends and, 96–101; military and, 98–99, 204n20

Conaco, Cecilia, 152

consumerism, 126

contractualism, 93, 101

Cooper, Marianne, 188n11

corporations: branding and, 101–10; as context for families, 62; as private government, 7–8; public subsidies for, 50, 192n16

Creative Memories, 122–23

Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly, 186n7

culture: of commerce, 106; emotion and, 5–7; of “home,” 120; of outsourcing, 121–24. See also market culture

Dalton, George, 161

dating, Internet, 13–20

De Callières, François, 76, 81, 87–88, 198n12, 199n26, 202n53

de-commodification, 124–25

deferrers, 69, 73, 196–97n11

delegators, 70–71

departments, academic. See workplace

dependence and self, 4–5

deregulation, 50, 57–60, 192n15

detachment: boundaries and, 21–23; of world’s rich from poor, 168–73. See also estrangement

devalued care, 28–31, 186–87n17

Devi, S. Uma, 151, 153–59

Dewey, John, 196n8

DiMaggio, Paul, 217–18n4

diplomatic wives, 75–89; chief of, 84–86, 200–201nn41–44; diplomatic language and, 81–82, 199–200nn26–28; friendship and, 83–84, 85–86, 88, 200nn37, 38, 201n44, 201n46, 203n58; as hostesses, 86–88, 202nn53, 54; as profession, 198–99n19; protocol and, 82–83, 88, 200nn31, 32, 34; reputational reach and, 77–79, 89, 198n10; staff of, 202–3n56; training and obligations of, 79–81, 198n13, 16, 18, 199n21

dismissive-avoidance, 185n7

downshifters, 71–72, 74

Dreby, Joanna, 152–53

Durkheim, Émile, 182n3

duty vs. commitment, 100

eldercare workers, 25–29, 130, 186n6

Elias, Norbert, 5

emotion: and American self, 4–9; lack of power and, 182n4; strategic importance of, 104 emotional inequality, 139 Emotional Intelligence (Goleman), 104

emotional labor, 6–7, 24–31; dating as, 15–16; defined, 25; devalued care and, 30, 186–87n17; discontents of, 27–28; global migration and, 29–30, 136, 186nn15, 16; gratification and, 26–27; hyper-bureaucratized care and, 28–29; surrogacy and, 142–45, 168, 172; vs. emotion work, 186n9; vs. feeling emotion on the job, 185–86n2

emotion work, 129–31, 186n9

empathic ruptures, 157

empathy, 32–44; Americans and, 188n12; as an art, 37–38; described, 35–38; expanding, 42–43; feeling rules and zones of, 38–41, 43–44; gender and, 33–35, 188nn7, 11; hidden evidence of, 33–35; market economy and, 32–33, 187nn1, 2, 4; vs. sympathy and altruism, 189n26 endurers, 67–68, 73, 196n44

estrangement, 166–78; American market frontier and, 173–74; expert help and, 174–78; free choice, 168–73

European Charter on Counteracting Obesity, 59

exceptional persons, empathy and, 42

exiters, 71–72, 74

expert help, 174–78

family: context and, 61–62; conversations about, 47–48; meaning of, 3, 190–91n1

Family360, 64–67, 73, 74, 196nn4, 8, 9

family values, free markets and, 48, 50–57

fearful-avoidance, 185n7

feeling: brands and, 104; cultures and, 5–7; market and non-market life and, 118, 123–24, 126–28; rules, 38–41, 96, 129–31; vs. empathy, 36. See also attachment; emotion; empathy

fertility rates, 49, 191n9, 192n10

fetishism of commodities, 128, 166

Fevre, Ralph, 208n21

Fischer, Claude, 54

fiow, concept of, 186n7

free markets. See market economies

Freud, Sigmund, 182n3

Friedman, Milton, 166

friendship for sale, 8, 183–84nn20–22

gap between rich and poor, 53–56, 194nn27, 39

Garrett, Sarah, 96 gender: empathy maps and, 33–35, 188nn7, 11; inequality, 49; parity, 191n5

General Social Survey, 34–35

gestures, unexpected personalizing, 42

Gillis, John, 100

global care chains, 148–50

global migration. See migration, global

Gobé, Marc, 104

Google, 196n4

Gopnik, Adam, 197n13

Gordon, Mary, 43

government: Big Brother, 145; good, 218–19n12; trust in, 196n69

Granovetter, Mark, 217–18n4

Greenwald, Rachel, 105–6

Greider, William, 145

Habermas, Jurgen, 19, 159

habits of the heart, 95–96

Hall, Edward, 83

Haruo Sakiyama, 6

Hazan, Cindy, 185n7

Head Start, 60

Heidmarsdottir, Rakel, 69

high-leverage activity, 66–67

holding environment, 27

Horowitz, Leonard, 185n7

hospice workers, 26

Hyde, Lewis, 168, 218n7

IBM, 196n4

immigrant laborers: as care workers, 6–7; percentages by country, 53, 193n25; separation of from families, 29–30, 147–64

Independent Sector report, 43

independent self, 4–5

individualism: moral sentiments and, 100; on the rise, 98–99; Tocqueville on, 94–95, 203n4

industrialization, 102

inequality: emotional, 139; gender and, 49; high-gap societies and, 53–57; tolerance for, 61, 195n66

innovators, 71–72, 74

Internet dating, 13–20

isolation, attachment and, 20

Japanese prisoners-of-war camp, 40–41

Jiminez, Luis, 56–57

Jimmy’s Art Supply, 177

junk food industry, 58–59

Kandel, William, 151–52

Kao, Grace, 151–52

Kaputa, Catherine, 105

Kasser, Tim, 59

Katz, Evan, 13–20

Kerala (India), 153–59

Kessler, Ronald, 33

kinscription, 36

Kohl’s department store, 59

Kundera, Milan, 5

Kuttner, Robert, 7, 125, 166, 192n15

labor markets, shift in, 109

Lafley, A. G., 106

Lakoff, George, 161

Lasch, Christopher, 118

LeaderWorks, 64–65

leisure gap, 49

Levy, Robert, 215n39

Lloyd, Brent, 122–23

locus of control, 4

Lomax, Eric, 40–41

loneliness, attachment and, 20

Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for: Social Connection (Cacioppo and Patrick), 20

loyalty, 94–95, 100, 102–3, 103table

Luis, Jorge, 4–5

Managed Heart, The (Hochschild), 186n9

market and non-market life: feelings and, 123–24, 126–31; thinking about, 124–27; wall between, 118–19, 122, 127, 131

market culture, 8, 183–84nn19–22; branding and, 101–10; dating and, 13–20; increase in, 101

market economies: attachment and detachment in, 166–68, 178–79; deregulation effect and, 57–60; differences among, 193n18; empathy and, 32–33, 187nn1, 2, 4; family values and, 48, 50–60; global migration and cost of, 137, 148, 151, 155–64, 178–79, 215nn39, 44; service-loss effect and, 60–61; on your own in, 145–46

market frontier, 8; surrogacy and, 173–74

marketized self, 93–110, 203n1; branding and, 101–10; historical trends and, 96–101

marriage: migration and, 214n36; women and, 188n7

Marx, Karl, 24, 128, 166, 181n3, 208n22

Match.com, 14, 17–19, 184–85n2

materialism, Tocqueville on, 95, 101

materialization of love, 158, 160, 215n45

McCall, Leslie, 195n66

McDonalds, 196n4

McLeod, Jane, 33

McNally, David, 106

medical tourism, 141

men: blue-collar, 56–57; empathy maps and, 33–35

migration, global, 29–30, 186nn15, 16; children left behind in, 147–64; cost of, 137, 148, 151, 155–64, 178–79, 215nn39, 44; migratory streams of, 136; women service workers and, 136–46, 147–48; world population and, 147

military, 98–99, 204n20

Mills, C. Wright, 7

modernization, 124–25, 208n19

mommy mall, 176–78

money, social meaning of, 125

moral sentiments, 94–95; post 1970s, 109; redirected, 100

Murray, Charles, 55–56

Naf stad, Hilde, 96, 98

Nagase (Japanese interpreter), 40–41

nannies, 29, 138–40, 162

National Altruism Study, 188n12

Nicolson, Harold, 81

Nippert-Eng, Christena E., 208n17, 209n29

Norris, Floyd, 192n15

numbers, ratings by, 16–17, 19–20

Nurse-Family Partnership program, 60

nursing homes, 28–29

obesity, childhood, 58–59, 194n47

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 59–60

office. See workplace

Outsourced Self, The (Hochschild), 21, 39

outsourcing, 121–24

over-attachment, 22

Pande, Amrita, 171–72

Papanek, Hannah, 77–78

Parreñas, Rhacel, 29, 138–39, 148, 152, 214n36, 215n44

Parsons, Talcott, 124, 208n19

Patel, Nayna, 142

patriarchy, workplace and, 112–13

Patrick, William, 20

pension funds, 49

personalized market, 93–110, 203n1; branding and, 101–10; historical trends and, 96–101

Peters, Tom, 104–5

Philippines, migrants from, 147–48, 150–52

Pickett, Kate, 53–54, 56

Piff, PaulK., 43

Pinker, Steven, 187n1

Polanyi, Karl, 125

Portes, Alejandro, 159, 215n50

privatism, 94

profit motive, 125–26

projection, empathy and, 37

protocol, 82–83, 88, 200nn31, 32, 34, 202nn49, 50

proxies, 127–28, 129

quality vs. quantity time, 66

race to the bottom, 144–45

Ratha, Dilip, 140, 211n7

rationality, fake, 4

regressive taxes, 50

rejection, 185n7; attachment and, 20

remittances, 137, 139–40, 210n14, 210nn16, 17

“Rent-a-Mom,” 119

reproductive technology (ART) clinics, 142, 211n30

reputational reach, 77–79, 89, 198n10

Reynolds, Russell, 28

Rifkin, Jeremy, 32, 126, 187n1

Robles, Arodys, 138

ROI (return on investment), dating and, 17

Romney, Lenore, 76

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 7

“Roots of Empathy” program, 43

Ruffles, 106–7

sadists, 189n22

Salmon, Jacqueline, 122

Sarojini, N. B., 211n30

scene-resetting, 65, 73

Scheler, Max, 186n2

Schmalzbauer, Leah, 152

schools, advertising and, 58–59

Schor, Juliet, 57, 126, 194n41

Schwab, Klaus, 48–49

Second Shift, The (Hochschild), 49

self: emotion and, 4–9; market, 93–110, 183n19, 203n1

selflessness, 189n26

service jobs, 25, 119–24, 207n7(Chap.9)

service-loss effect, 60–61

service workers, women as global, 135–46, 147–48

shame wrap-around, 214n24

Shaver, Phillip, 185n7

Shell Oil, 59

Simmel, Georg, 128

single-parent homes, 193n23

Smelser, Neil, 189n25

Smith, Adam, 24–25, 94–95, 187nn2, 4

social capital, 159, 161, 215n50

social chits, 159–60, 215n50

Social Usage (U.S. State Department), 83, 85

“sociology of emotion,” 182n3

Solari, Cinzia, 186n6

Speak, Karl D., 106

Sri Lanka, migrants from, 147–49, 150

Stack, Carol, 36

Success for All, 60

surrogacy, 140–45, 165–79, 211n30, 211–12nn32, 33; American market frontier and, 173–74; free choice estrangement and, 168–73, 218n9

symbols: moving of, 129–30; time strategies and, 67–73, 197n14

sympathy, 189n26

tattoos, corporate, 108

taxes, regressive, 50

television, children’s viewing of, 57–58

time, quality vs. quantity, 66

time strategies, 64–74; Family360 and, 64–67; feeling side of, 73–74; symbols of meaning and fun and, 67–73

Tocqueville, Alexis de, 93–96, 101, 203n4

Tough, Paul, 64–65

Tronto, Joan, 36, 189n23

Twain, Mark, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, 39–40

UNICEF “Report Cards,” 51–52, 192–93n17, 193n22

unions, undercutting of, 7

Uzzi, B., 217–18n4

Vachani, Nilita, When Mother Comes Home for Christmas, 148

Veblen, Thorstein, 81

Walkerdine, Valerie, 56–57

Wal-Mart, 192n16

Watkins, Susan Cotts, 138

Watson, Chris, 121

Weaver, Grace, 13–20

Weber, Max, 69, 182n3

well-being, child and adult, 51–55

When Mother Comes Home for Christmas (Vachani), 148

Wilkinson, Richard, 53–54, 56

Wilson, Frances, 138

Winnicott, Donald, 27

women: in academic departments, 113, 206n2, 207n6; empathy maps and, 33–35, 188nn7, 11; gender parity and, 191n5; as global service workers, 135–46, 147–48; in the labor force, 48–50, 191n4; leisure gap and, 49; as working mothers, 120, 209n35

workplace: as family, 111–16; transport to home of, 64–67, 196n4

World Economic Forum (WEF), 49

Yeates, Nicola, 149

Youth Opportunities Grants, 60

Zelizer, Viviana, 118, 125, 203n1, 209n29, 217–18n4, 218n6

zones of empathy, 38–41

Zukin, Sharon, 217–18n4