Abgeordnetentag (Association of Deputies) 14, 114, 138, 215–16, 225–6, 232, 238, 243, 248, 294, 311, 315, 317–18, 326–9, 357–8
absolutism 9–10, 16, 42–3, 90–1, 115–16, 134, 137–8, 175–6, 259, 263, 315, 365
Achenbach, Ludwig 170
Aegidi, Ludwig Karl 71, 139, 154
Albrecht, Prince 333
Alemannen 159
Alexander II, Tsar of Russia 66, 79, 83
Ali, Mehmet 103
Allgemeine Deutsche Zeitung 183
Allgemeine Zeitung (Augsburg) 12, 69, 84, 116–22, 127–30, 182–3, 282–3, 296, 302
Alsace 356
Alsen, battle of (1864) 337
Altenhöfer, August Joseph 128
Alvensleben Convention (1863) 293
Alvensleben, Gustav von 340
American Civil War 194, 312, 345
Ancker, Heinrich 229
Angelow, Jürgen 3
Anhalt 353
Ardennes 135
Arndt, Ernst Moritz 42, 58, 61, 134, 296, 356
‘Des Deutschen Vaterland’ (1813) 58, 61
Arnim-Boitzenburg, Adolf Heinrich von 17, 146
Artaria, Philipp 170
associations 5–10, 32, 34, 36–8, 223–53
Atlantic 65
Auerswald, Rudolf von 71, 259–60, 262
Augsburger Postzeitung 117, 130, 182–3
Augustenburg, Friedrich von 295, 301, 308, 320, 329, 335, 347
Austria 2–3, 7, 9, 14, 21–3, 26, 28–9, 43, 48–50, 54–157, 159–60, 185, 189, 191, 193–4, 197, 208, 212–17, 219–20, 222, 224, 243, 247–8, 254–8, 260, 263, 268, 276, 278, 285–6, 289, 293–4, 296, 300–2, 306–8, 313–14, 317, 319, 322–3, 326, 329, 331–3, 337, 340, 356, 363
collapse of 154–7
constitution of March 1849 55
constitution of October 1860 (October Diploma) 109–10, 124
constitution of February 1861 (February Patent) 67, 91, 109–10
Dual Monarchy (1867) 67
German Austrians 45, 54, 86, 102, 105, 108, 111, 133–4, 141–2, 154, 349
German ‘autonomism’ 108–9
greater Austria (Grossösterreich) 106, 110
population 54
Presseleitungskomitee 118, 127, 132, 150
Austrian Lloyd 97
Austro-Prussian War (1866) 3, 22, 266, 279, 293, 337, 340, 348–9, 351
authoritarianism 4
Bach, Alexander 105
‘Bach’s hussars’ 105
Baden 4, 7, 27, 32, 36, 43–4, 60, 62, 83, 100, 102, 114, 160, 165, 170, 183, 196, 205, 224, 226, 307, 313, 318, 321–6, 334–5, 340, 351, 359–61, 363
Badenese Landtag 34, 165, 179, 182, 194, 322–4
Concordat (1859) 224
Badische Landeszeitung 150, 183
Badische Staatszeitung 170
Bahnhofspartei 145
Bamberger, Ludwig 31, 45, 137, 151, 167–8, 239–40, 311–12, 314
Barth, Marquard 228
Bassermann, Daniel 36, 46, 169
Baumgarten, Hermann 1, 20, 140, 169, 241, 277, 280–3, 285, 320, 324, 326, 361
Der deutsche Liberalismus (1866) 1, 280–3
Bavaria 2, 14, 27, 49–50, 62, 65, 68, 75–6, 85, 89, 98, 100, 102, 104, 113–14, 117, 127, 130, 139, 146, 150–1, 159–60, 165, 170–1, 175, 179, 181–6, 189–95, 209, 212–13, 216–19, 224, 226, 254, 257, 302–7, 311, 313, 318, 321, 347, 351, 359–61, 364
Bavarian Landtag 34, 42, 61, 130, 165, 305
Bavarian Patriotic Party 306–7, 364
Bayrische Wochenschrift 117–18, 183
Bebel, August 134
Bekk, Johann Baptist 170
Belcredi, Richard Graf 128
national independence 18
Bennigsen, Alexander von 171
Bennigsen, Karl von 175
Bennigsen, Rudolf von 171–5, 225, 229, 233, 243, 248, 278–80, 327, 341–3, 355, 362, 365
Beobachter (Stuttgart) 8, 60, 183, 267–8, 274, 311–12
Berlin 12, 27, 182, 229, 246, 346
Berlin Philosophical Society 244
‘Berlin Compromise’ (1865) 317, 329
Berliner Revue 256
Berlinische Zeitung 360
Berne 167
Bernhardi, Theodor von 152, 271, 277, 293, 319–20, 327, 333, 341
Bernstorff, Albrecht von 98, 284, 339
Beseler, Georg 15–16, 49, 71, 140
Beseler, Wilhelm 151, 153–6, 297
Bethmann-Hollweg, Moritz August von 82, 147, 176–8, 216
Reaktion und Sondertümelei (1848) 177
Beust, Ferdinand von 11, 69, 194–5, 197, 199–205, 210, 224, 256–7, 303, 322, 350
Biedermann, Karl 16, 44, 59, 138, 162, 167, 181, 224, 232, 238, 294, 309, 314
Biegeleben, Ludwig von 89, 98, 102, 107, 113
Bismarck-Schönhausen, Otto von 1, 5, 23, 69, 79, 85, 97–9, 104, 129, 136, 144, 147–50, 172, 178, 200, 223, 229, 239, 245, 258–90, 291, 302, 306, 309–10, 313–14, 315–19, 321–44, 345, 347, 352, 354, 358, 362–3
Gedanken und Erinnerungen (1898) 334
Black Sea 95
Blanckenburg, Moritz von 332, 337
Blind, Karl 151–2, 247, 312–13
Bluntschli, Johann Caspar 19, 131, 243, 248, 326
Boczek, Alois 48
Bodelschwingh-Velmede, Ernst von 145–6
Böhmert, Viktor 278
Bohemia 54, 58, 85, 102, 352, 356
Bohemian Landtag 54
Bonapartism 5, 152, 175–6, 246, 263, 270, 317, 343, 349
Bonin, Gustav von 182
books 10
Born, Stephan 231
Borries, Wilhelm Friedrich Otto von 165–6
Borussian historians 62, 69, 282–3
Brämer, Karl 229
Brandenburg 182
Brandenburg, Wilhelm Graf von 5, 41–2, 144, 146
Brandenburgers 128
Brater, Karl Ludwig Theodor 181, 225, 229, 305–6
Braun, Karl Joseph Wilhelm 228, 326
Braunschweig 98, 242, 282, 321
Bremer Handelsblatt 118
Brentano, Lorenz 167
Breslau 242–3
Britain 72–5, 87–8, 147–8, 167–8, 273, 292, 313
Brockhaus, Eduard 246–7
Brockhaus’s Conversationslexikon 8
Bruck, Karl Ludwig von 9, 77, 101, 106
Brunswick 51
Brussels 102
Buddelmeyer-Zeitung 65
Büchner, Ludwig 134
Bürgertum 34, 136, 163, 172, 189–90, 226–9, 239–40, 249–53, 255, 266–7, 316, 360
Buhl, Franz Peter 170
Bunsen, Christian Carl Josias 82–3, 147
Buol-Schauenstein, Karl Ferdinand von 78, 80–1, 88–9, 94–5, 97, 99, 101–2, 113, 151
bureaucracy 20, 27, 125, 190, 259, 263, 315
Burschenschaften (student clubs) 34, 128, 282
Buss, Franz Josef 59–60
calendars 12
camarilla 82, 144–7, 175–7, 213, 284
Camphausen, Ludolf 71
Canitz, Carl von 42
Cantador, Lorenz 245
Casseler Zeitung 117
Catholicism 113, 115, 122–6, 175, 177–9, 191–3, 213–15, 219, 238, 270, 306–8, 326, 345, 349
Catholics 6, 8, 14, 56–60, 76–7, 84, 130, 132, 134, 138, 145, 156–7, 166–7, 175, 178–80, 182–3, 191–3, 213–15, 219, 238, 249–53, 297, 306–8, 326, 345, 349, 356, 360, 363–4
Catholic associations 34
‘cat music’ 27
Cavour, Camillo Bensodi di 149, 268, 324
Central Committee of the People’s Associations 160
Central March Association (Zentralmärzverein) 7–8, 36, 38
Central Power (Frankfurt) 5, 20, 38, 46, 51, 55, 89, 350, 354, 361
Centre Party 9
Cetto, Karl Philipp 228
Charlemagne 158–9
Christian VIII, King of Denmark 291–2
‘Aabene Bref’ (1846) 292
Christian IX, King of Denmark 300
Christian August, Duke of Augustenurg 51
Christians 82
Chronik der Gegenwart 302–3
Cicero 136
citizenship 19, 21, 28, 48, 95, 357
‘war of brothers’ (Bruderkrieg) 324, 345–6
Clasen, Lorenz 245
Classen-Kappelmann, Johann 228
Coblenz 85
coffee houses 12
Colbert, Charles 136
Committee of Fifteen 25
Committee of Fifty 25
Committee of Seventeen 29
Communist League 245
Concert of Europe 67, 81–3, 85, 108, 148–9, 194–5, 293, 307
confederation (Staatenbund) 21, 63, 95, 106, 116, 186–7, 189, 193, 195–220, 352
Confederation of the Rhine 63, 77, 101, 203, 270
Congress of German Economists (Kongress deutscher Volkswirte) 225, 232, 248, 256
conservatism 6, 39–43, 143–50, 152, 175–8, 213–16, 258–90, 302–4, 331–44
conservative associations 34
conservative party 37, 41, 332–3
conservatives 8, 37–43, 56–58, 69, 75, 82–3, 111, 130, 143–51, 156–7, 166–7, 175–8, 213–16, 258–90, 331–44, 363–4
Constantinople 102
Constitution (Vienna) 54
constitutionalism 14–15, 24, 32, 38–46, 115, 125–6, 139, 142, 221–3, 255–90, 331, 343–4, 359–60, 365
constitutional associations 34
constitutional government 16–17, 30, 43–4
constitutionalists 29, 34, 38, 231
constitutional monarchy 60, 287, 365
Constitutionelle Zeitung 71, 210–11
Cotta, Georg 117, 122, 127, 129
counter-revolution 28, 41, 64, 144–7
coups d’état 163, 261–3, 271, 277, 286
Cowley, Henry Wellesley, Earl 74–5
Crämer, Karl 228
Crimean War (1854–56) 67, 76–84, 99, 101, 117, 124, 127, 129, 148–50, 176, 192, 194, 210, 217, 269
culture 28, 39, 47–64, 110, 189, 247, 357
customs’ union (Zollverein) 14, 87, 95–9, 111, 116, 143, 212, 223, 253–8, 285–6, 347, 362–3
Custozza, battle of 28
Czoernig, Carl von 102
Dahlmann, Friedrich Christoph 16, 297
Dalmatia 92
Dalwigk von Lichtenfels, Reinhard von 89, 114, 193–6, 205–6, 302, 304, 350
Danzig 242
Darmstädter Zeitung 132
Darmstädter Journal 8
Delbrück, Rudolph von 352
democracy 6, 14, 45, 94, 233–48, 253, 275
democratic associations 34
democrats 13–14, 21, 24, 27, 30–4, 38, 43–6, 50, 56–8, 60–1, 69, 133–9, 151, 160–2, 166–7, 182, 215–16, 221–3, 230–1, 233–48, 274–5, 295, 309–17, 343, 348, 356–7, 361, 363–4
Demokratische Studien 246
Denmark 28, 48, 50–2, 68, 79, 99–100, 128, 141, 270, 272, 276, 291–321, 329, 333, 346
constitution of February 1848 50
constitution for the Helstat (1855) 292
Danish nationalists 50
‘national’ war against Denmark (1848) 28, 48
Deutsche Blätter 118
Deutsche Reichszeitung (Hanover) 11
Deutsche Stimmen 132
Deutscher Hof 7–8, 34, 160, 359
Deym, Count Friedrich 49
disestablishment 14
Disraeli, Benjamin 290
Dönhoff, August Graf von 27
Doering-Manteuffel, Anselm 3
Donauschingen 170
Dove, Heinrich Wilhelm 152
Dresden Conferences (1851) 70, 87, 94–100, 144, 194, 196–7, 209, 350
Drouyn de Lhuys, Edouard 77
Droysen, Johann Gustav 29, 44, 62–3, 66, 148, 152, 297–9, 319
Geschichte der preussischen Politik (1855–86)
Dual Alliance (1879) 3
Düppel, battle of (1864) 270, 301, 319, 337
Düsseldorf 245–7
Düsseldorfer Journal 245
Düsseldorfer Monatshefte 65
Duncker, Franz 61, 71, 225, 229, 246
East 108, 118, 124, 157, 293, 356
Eckhard, Carl 323–5
economic deprivation 27
Edelsheim, Ludwig von 267, 323–6
Eichhorn, Karl Friedrich 200
Eider 319
Eiderdane party 299
Eisenach 221
Eisenmann, Johann 49–50
Elben, Otto 14, 165, 268, 293, 308, 321–2
Elberfelder Zeitung 182
Emperor of the Germans (Kaiser der Deutschen) 21, 29, 41, 43–4, 47, 55, 62–3, 87, 107, 127, 242
emperorship (Kaisertum) 76, 115–16, 124, 149, 190, 219, 222, 242
Erbkaiserlichen 44
Erfurt Union 47, 68, 72–3, 86, 122, 144–6, 169, 258–9
Ernst II, Grand Duke of Saxe-Coburg 105, 156, 175, 222, 233
Ernst August, King of Hanover 61, 185
Europe 65–85, 94–5, 124, 138, 152, 169, 203, 210, 231, 293, 305, 307, 316–17, 337–8, 357
exile 167–9
Fatherland Association in Saxony (Vaterlandsverein) 38
Faucher, Karl Julius 228
‘February demands’ (1865) 329
federalism 15, 18–19, 21, 112, 125, 133–4, 195–6, 211–13, 218–19, 343–4
federal state (Bundesstaat) 16, 45–7, 55, 57, 61–3, 109, 115–16, 140, 147, 154, 156, 187, 189, 193, 195–6, 199, 204, 211–13, 218–19, 254, 269, 280, 306, 310, 312, 314, 316, 319, 322–4, 331, 338, 340, 343–4, 345, 352–3
Ferdinand, Emperor 28
abdication of 28
Fetzer, Karl August 229, 238, 311
feudal monarchy 43
feudalisation 5
Fischer-Goullet, L. W. 132
Flensburg 52
Flöter, Jonas 3
Forckenbeck, Max von 228–9, 266
France 44–5, 72–3, 75–8, 87–8, 97–8, 115, 122, 135, 146–7, 151–2, 185, 212, 224, 247, 251, 253, 269–70, 276, 289, 292, 312, 317, 343, 349, 352, 356, 364
French model of government 15, 45–6, 124–5, 201, 214, 255
Francke, Karl 241
Franco-Austrian War (1859) 76, 84, 88, 101, 103, 109, 113, 115, 117–18, 124, 127, 129, 136, 139–40, 147–53, 192–4, 211, 213, 216, 222, 269
Franco-German War (1870–71) 19, 346
Franco-Prussian free-trade agreement (1862) 97–8, 254, 257
Frankfurt 12, 24–64, 104, 131–8, 177, 242–3, 270, 311, 313, 318, 347, 365
Frankfurt an der Oder 242
Frankfurter Journal 12, 130, 132
Frankfurter Postzeitung 117, 132
Frankfurter Zeitung (initially Neue Frankfurter Zeitung) 132, 311–12
Frankfurt Parliament 5, 8, 10, 15, 18, 20, 24–64, 71, 73, 86–7, 92, 106–7, 117, 122, 160, 162, 167, 169–70, 174, 233, 242–3, 259, 296, 299, 355–6, 360
Constitutional Committee 29, 48
Franks 159
Frantz, Constantin 239
Franz Joseph, Emperor 28, 65, 69, 78, 87, 89–91, 96, 98, 105–6, 113, 197, 200, 347
Frederick the Great, King of Prussia 149, 248
Frederik VII, King of Denmark 50, 292, 300
Freiburger Zeitung 130, 150, 183
French Revolution (1789) 6, 191, 212
Frentzel, John Peter 265
Freudentheil, Gottlieb Wilhelm 238
Freytag, Gustav 7, 117, 187–8, 225, 233, 271
Friedmann, Bernhard 108–9
Friedrich, Karl 170
Friedrich I, Grand Duke of Baden 131, 199, 224, 267, 322
Friedrich August I, King of Saxony 185, 201
Friedrich Wilhelm, Crown Prince of Prussia 131, 261–3, 271, 273, 284, 336–7, 341–4
Friedrich Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia 16, 21, 28–9, 41–2, 47, 55, 60, 63, 65, 69–70, 79, 82, 87, 144, 175–6, 178, 182, 216, 222–3, 258–9, 262, 339
proclamation ‘To My People and to the German Nation’ (1848) 41
Friesen, Richard von 114, 156, 206, 208, 256–8, 309
Friesland 171
Frisians 52
Fritsch, Carl Friedrich von 199–200
Fritsch, Johann 48
Fröbel, Julius 18, 43, 45, 91, 106–8, 126, 133, 312, 316
Theorie der Politik (1864) 312
Fürstentag (1863) 89–90, 101, 107, 131, 133, 190, 194, 197, 208, 215, 287, 294, 340
Gagern, Heinrich von 36–7, 44, 55, 60, 62, 71, 127, 130, 138, 141, 148, 224, 343, 358
Gall, Lothar 3
Gartenlaube 168
Gastein Convention (1865) 194, 293, 308, 311, 317, 323, 340, 347–8
General German Workers’ Association (ADAV) 13, 243, 245
Georgi, Robert 257
Gerlach, Ernst Ludwig von 10, 37, 41, 43, 82, 144–6, 148, 150, 162, 175–6, 216, 263, 275, 331–3, 341
Gerlach, Leopold von 42, 69–70, 82, 144, 146, 150, 175–6, 263
German Association in Saxony (Deutscher Verein) 38
German Confederation (Bund) 3–7, 10, 12, 15–16, 22, 28, 31, 39, 50–1, 53, 56, 61–3, 68, 74–7, 87–91, 94–6, 98–100, 104, 107–10, 115, 122–4, 128, 132, 136, 142–5, 148–50, 154, 158–222, 224–5, 253, 256, 259, 262, 269–70, 275, 278–9, 287–90, 292, 294–7, 300–5, 307–9, 316, 320–5, 327, 329–30, 332–5, 337, 339–43, 345, 347–51, 353–4, 356, 362
Acts of Confederation (1815) 91, 197, 204, 212
assembly of delegates 91
Bundesreaktionsbeschluss (1851) 160
Bundestag 17, 27, 53, 66, 83, 85, 104–5, 150, 163, 196, 198, 200, 206, 209–10, 212, 267, 287–8, 292, 300, 324, 340
Bundesversammlung 16, 51, 74, 89–90, 100–1, 190, 196–7, 199, 353
Bund Press Law (1854) 180
Engerer Rat 90, 100–1, 199–200, 353
Federal Decree of 5 July 1832 37
reform of 98–100, 105. 107, 195–220, 295, 308, 322, 327, 332
Vienna Final Acts (1819) 204, 218
Zentraluntersuchungskommission (Mainz) 128
German Empire (Kaiserreich) 2, 5, 21–2, 345, 364
German Lawyers’ Association (Deutscher Juristentag) 225, 248
German People’s Party (Volkspartei) 134, 309–12, 363
German Protestant Association (Deutscher Protestantenverein) 225
German question 39, 63, 75, 124, 138, 218, 302, 305, 308, 311, 319
German Trade Association (Deutscher Handstag) 14, 225, 232, 248, 256, 358
Gervinus, Georg Gottfried 12, 29, 172, 224, 282
Einleitung in die Geschichte des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts (1853) 282
Giessen 242
Giskra, Carl 110
Glocke 118
Gneisenau, August Neidhart von 276
Goeden, Adolph 53
Görres, Joseph 193
Goltz, Robert von der 82, 177, 284, 337–8, 340, 343
Gorchakov, Prince Alexander 77, 79–80
‘Gotha’ party 14, 108, 115, 126, 131–2, 136, 145–6, 148, 154, 198, 213, 215, 240, 249–51, 312–13, 325, 348
Graz 103
greater Germany (Grossdeutschland) 20, 55–6, 59, 62–63, 85–6, 92, 106, 110, 112, 114, 117, 123, 125–6, 129–38, 219, 222, 238–43, 269, 276, 295, 303, 308–9, 320, 325–6, 348–9
Great Power 54, 65–85, 88, 96, 98–103, 107, 111, 116, 124, 126, 128, 134, 136, 141, 149–50, 159, 177, 185, 194, 209, 218, 224, 287–9, 296–7, 299, 302, 306–7, 316–17, 320–1, 325, 327, 331, 336, 337–8, 346, 349, 356, 362
Grebing, Helga 363
national independence 18
Greeks 147
Green, Abigail 3
Grenzboten 12, 50, 52, 76, 117, 142, 150–1, 187–9, 211–13, 238–9, 253–5, 296–7, 311, 320–1
Gross, Gustav 50
Grünne, Karl von 88
Gruner, Justus von 319
Gustavus Adolphus 123
gymnastics societies 36, 135, 233, 311, 362
Habsburg-Lorraine, House of 153
Hadermann, Nikolaus 133
Häusser, Ludwig 131, 140, 170, 211, 224, 295, 299–300, 313
‘Halle Declaration’ (1866) 318
Hallesche Zeitung 182
Hamburg 12, 226, 242, 246, 256
Hamburger Börsenhalle 183
Hamburger Correspondent 12, 117, 183
Hameln 172
Hanisch, Manfred 3
Hannoversche Courier 171
Hannoversche Zeitung 117
Hanover 2, 7, 11, 27, 51, 61, 65, 67–8, 76, 98, 100, 113, 115, 146, 162, 165–6, 170–5, 202, 212, 221–2, 224, 226, 254, 256, 301, 321, 331, 335, 351, 359, 365
city of 3, 171–2, 181–2, 184–6, 189, 195, 200, 221
Landtag 162, 165–6, 171, 173–4
Harburg 171
Hatzfeld, Sophie von 245–6
Haussmann, Julius 310
Haym, Rudolf 15–17, 169, 171, 189, 271, 318
Hecker, Friedrich 44
Heeren, Arnold Hermann Ludwig 200
Heidelberg 12, 25, 51, 131, 140, 172, 231, 242, 278, 281–3
Heinrich V 152
Heinrich VII Reuss, Prince 284–5
Hellenic wars 103
Hess, Heinrich von 88
Hesse 363
Hesse, Electorate of (Kurhessen) 7, 66–8, 70, 86, 98, 100, 131–2, 146, 157, 168, 212
constitution of 1831 168–9, 318, 335, 351, 363
Hesse, Grand Duchy of (Hessen-Darmstadt) 27, 89, 98, 100, 102, 114, 131–2, 193–5, 205–6, 212, 226, 304, 318, 321, 335, 360
Hessischer Morgenzeitung 132
Heydenreich, Ludwig 132
Heyner, Carl 217–18
Hildebrand, Bruno 238
Hildesheim 171
Hinckeldey, Carl Ludwig von 175, 182
Historisch-politische Blätter 6, 77, 84, 123–6, 191–3, 218–19, 238, 240, 249–53, 269–70, 275, 301–2, 307–8, 346, 349
Hock, Karl von 127
Hölder, Julius 228, 243, 310–11
Hoffmann, Julius 238
Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, Chlodwig zu 130–1, 301–2, 305–6, 364
Holstein 33, 50–2, 67–8, 70, 196, 291–321
Holy Roman Empire 115, 124, 190–1, 212, 214, 219
Hoverbeck, Leopold von 228–9, 266
Hübner, Alexander von 70
Hügel, Karl Eugen von 195, 350
Hungary 17, 48, 54, 65, 67, 90, 103, 109–10, 118, 149–50, 152, 156, 319, 343
Hungarian insurrection (1849) 78
Hungarians 49–50, 67, 94–5, 102, 106–7, 141–2, 154–6
Illyria 54
Imperial Regent (Reichsverweser) 16, 43, 67–8, 350
Indemnity Bill (1866) 260, 344
Ireland 17
Islam 82
Italy 17, 54, 65, 76–8, 81, 88, 103–4, 108–10, 128, 135, 146–7, 148, 152–3, 156, 276, 289, 356, 364
Italian nationalism 77, 81, 152, 247, 289
Young Italy 214
Italians 49–50, 94–5, 102, 107, 152, 205
Itzstein, Johann Adam von 32, 170
Jacoby, Johann 31, 43, 238–9, 241, 315
Jarcke, Carl Ernst 42
Jelacic von Buzim, Joseph Graf 61
Jörg, Joseph Edmund 154, 156, 301, 306–8, 364
Johann, Archduke 60
Johann, King of Saxony 131, 201
Johannisberg 85
John, Michael 3
Jordan, Ludwig August 228
Jordan, Wilhelm 50
Joseph, Hermann Gottob 228, 238
Joseph II 105
Jucho, Friedrich Siegmund 238
Junkers 5, 266, 268–9, 271, 306, 313, 324
Junkerparlament (1848) 177
Jutland 296
Kant, Immanuel 134
Karlsruher Zeitung 130, 183, 196, 211, 267–9
Karolyi, Alois von 149
Kasseler Zeitung 211
Kavanagh, Sigmund Heinrich von 103–4
Keller, Friedrich Ludwig 42
Kempen von Fichtenstamm, Johann Freiherr von 69, 101, 151
Ketteler, Wilhelm Emmanuel von 14, 359
Keudell, Robert von 334–5, 340
Kiefer, Friedrich 323–4
Kielsmannsegg, Eduard von 165–6
King and Fatherland Association 7, 177
Kirsner, Ludwig 170
Kladderadatsch 12, 182, 341, 360
Kleist-Retzow, Hans Hugo von 146
Klemme (conservative faction) 145
Knorr, Julius 228
Koch-Gontard, Clothilde 11
Kölle, Eduard 170
Kölnische Blätter 349–50
Kölnische Zeitung 12, 25, 36, 40, 53, 84, 179, 182, 296, 326, 360
Königsau 135
Kolatschek, Adolph 154
Kolb, Georg Friedrich 133, 167, 228, 238, 240, 310–11, 313
Korps Hannovera 172
Korps Vandalia 172
Korrespondent von und für Deutschland 211
Kreuzzeitung (Neue Preussische Zeitung) 39, 46, 76, 144–6, 148, 175, 177, 182, 190–1, 213–14, 256, 275, 331–3, 335
Kübeck, Aloys von 348
Kübeck von Kübau, Karl Friedrich von 80
Kulturkampf 365
Ladenberg, Adalbert von 70
Lamey, August 170
Lancizolle, Carl Wilhelm von 42
Lang, Friedrich August 229, 326
Langensalza, battle of (1866) 268
Langewiesche, Dieter 3
Langwerth von Simmern, Heinrich von 115
Lassalle, Ferdinand 137, 240, 243–8
Der italienische Krieg und die Aufgabe Preussens (1859)
System der erworbenen Rechte (1861) 244
Lassaulx, Peter Ernst von 59, 216
legality 10, 16, 27, 95, 148–9, 232–3, 304, 307, 331
Lehmann, Orla 292
Leipzig 32, 45, 117, 154, 188, 242, 244–6, 249
half-centenary of the battle of Leipzig (1863) 202–3
Leipziger Illustrierte Zeitung 117, 183
Leipziger Zeitung 183–4
Leopold, Archduke of Baden 160
Lerchenfeld, Gustav von 128–9, 302–3
Lerchenfeld-Köfering, Hugo 179
Levant 103
liberalism 4, 6, 10, 13–17, 24, 30, 32, 47–8, 160–75, 202, 243, 248–53, 307, 337, 341, 357
liberals 8, 13–14, 18–25, 27, 29–30, 32–4, 39–40, 47–50, 52, 55, 58, 60–3, 69, 76, 84, 105–6, 110–11, 123, 126–33, 137–43, 148, 151–7, 160–75, 182, 211–13, 215–18, 221–90, 295–6, 305–65
libraries 12
Liechtenstein 351
Limburg 196
Linden, Joseph von 195
Lippe-Detmold 320
literacy 12–13
Löhner, Ludwig von 55
Löwe-Calbe, Wilhelm 238, 240, 274, 313–14
London Protocol (1850) 74, 83, 100
Treaty of London (1852) 300–1, 308, 331–2, 346, 348
Lorenz, Ottokar 108
Louis XVI, King of France 285–6
Lower Austria 54–6
Lower Saxons 184
Lüneburg 172
Lutz, Heinrich 3
Luxembourg 196
Machiavelli 136
Magdeburger Zeitung 182
Mainz 262
Mainzer Anzeiger 132
Mainzer Zeitung 132
Malinckrodt, Hermann von 214
Malmö, armistice of (1848) 28, 51, 296
Mammen, Franz August 313
Mannheimer Zeitung 170
Manteuffel, Edwin von 175, 271, 278, 284, 340–1
Manteuffel, Otto von 65–7, 69–72, 82–3, 96, 118, 144–5, 147, 176–7, 180, 197, 216, 239, 259
Mareck, Titus 48–9
Maria, Princess of Bavaria 201
Mathy, Karl 46, 55, 169, 324, 361
Maximilian II, King of Bavaria 60–1, 186, 210, 224
Mayer, Cajetan 54
Mayer, Carl 168, 239, 310–11, 316
Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Princess
Alexandrine, Grand Duchess of 284
Meding, Oskar 12
Mediterranean 95
Memel 135
Metternich, Clemens von 17, 39, 70, 84, 89, 102, 104, 113, 151, 177, 201–2, 247
Metz, August 243
Meyendorff, Peter Freiherr von 69, 72
Middle Ages 267
middling German states (Mittelstaaten) 1–3, 7, 22, 101, 114–29, 158–220, 216–17, 219, 253–8, 259, 267, 269, 289, 299, 301–8, 319, 321–6, 339–40, 347, 351, 360, 363
Milan 122
Mincio line 122
Miquel, Johannes 140–1, 156, 171, 225, 229, 233, 331
Mitteleuropa (Central Europe) 21, 58, 92, 95–8, 106, 111, 149–50, 218
Mitteleuropäische Staatenbund 92, 95–8, 100
Mittelrheinischer Zeitung 132
Mittermaier, Carl Joseph Anton 134, 170
Moering, Karl 58
Mohl, Robert von 18, 32, 164, 238–9, 267, 278, 323, 332–6, 350–1, 359
Staatsrecht, Völkerrecht und Politik (1860) 164
Mommsen, Theodor 32, 229, 297, 311, 317–18
monarchical principle 42–3, 262–4, 273, 286
Montebello, Louis Napoléon Lannes, duc de 77
Montgelas, Ludwig von 210
Mühlfeld, Karl von 106
Mülheim 242
Müller, Jürgen 3
Müller, Ludwig 238
Münchner Neueste Nachrichten 12, 130, 183
Münchner Volksbote 183
Munich 3, 12, 114, 130, 200–1, 242, 346, 359
Nägele, Ferdinand 238
Napoleon I 77
Napoleon III 65, 75–7, 80, 123, 247, 263, 284–5
Nassau, Duchy of 131, 209, 226, 242, 318, 321, 351
nation 17–21, 47–64, 85–112, 183–94, 291–308, 345–65
nation-building 17–21
nation-state (Nationalstaat) 38
National Assembly, see Frankfurt Parliament
National Assembly (Berlin) 27, 34, 261
‘Rump’ National Assembly (Stuttgart) 28, 38, 160, 241, 311
National Association (Nationalverein) 9, 14, 21, 107–8, 113–16, 123, 129, 132, 134, 140, 152, 170–4, 198, 204, 215, 222, 225–48, 256, 277–80, 288–90, 294–5, 306–8, 310–12, 323–4, 327–32, 341–44, 349, 357–60
half-centenary of the battle of Leipzig (1863) 362
Turnfest 233
nationalities 18–21, 30, 48–63, 86, 92–5, 102, 105, 116, 125, 143, 155–7, 191, 247, 285, 291–309, 317, 331, 357–8
National-Zeitung 12, 24, 39, 83, 150, 182, 245, 253, 255, 296, 320, 360
Near East 78, 87–8, 104, 141, 156–7
Neeman, Andreas 3
Nesselrode, Karl Robert von 80
Netherlands 352
Neue Hannoversche Zeitung 184
Neue Münchner Zeitung 183
Neue Rheinische Zeitung 31, 244, 246
New Era 11, 148, 213, 223–5, 246, 249, 253, 259–62, 326, 359–60
news 11
Nice 77
Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia 77–8
Nicol, Günther 238
Niebuhr, Marcus 176
Norddeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung 340
Nordstern 135
North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund) 2, 4–5, 21, 293, 343, 345, 352–3, 355, 364–5
North Germany 8, 44, 68, 97, 114–15, 123, 136–9, 151, 153–4, 158–9, 189, 200, 212, 253, 297, 317–18, 320, 349, 353
North Sea 347
notables 26–7, 32–3, 36, 170–4, 211, 232–3, 278
Notter, Friedrich 268
Nürnberger Correspondent 130, 183
Nuremberg 242
Oberösterreich 106–7
Oberpostamtszeitung 134
Oetker, Friedrich 61, 138, 157, 167, 225, 239, 280
Öttingen-Wallerstein, Ludwig von 60
Olmütz, meeting at 47, 64–5, 67–71, 79, 87, 96, 103, 133, 139, 142, 144, 149, 209, 299, 335
Olmütz Punctation 69–70
Oppenheim, Felix Alexander 245–6
Oppenheim, Heinrich Bernhard 240, 246
opposition 5–10, 32, 39, 160–83
Orges, Hermann 118–22, 127, 129
Ottoman Empire 78, 81–4, 87–8, 101, 103, 115, 157
Paderborn 179
Palacky, Frantisek 54
History of Bohemia (1836) 54
Pan-Slav Congress (1848) 54
Pan-Slavism 60
Paravicini, Ludwig 170
parliament 20, 94, 211, 215, 221, 229, 242, 255, 265, 267, 278, 285, 305, 322, 324, 327, 329, 331, 339, 341–4, 350, 352–3, 362
parliamentarism 43, 262–4, 273–4, 286–7
parliamentary government 43, 262–4, 286
particularism 124, 133, 186, 189–95, 210, 215, 241, 278, 287–9, 343, 359
Perthes, Clemens Theodor 176–7
Petrinja 102
Pfälzer Zeitung 183
Pfau, Ludwig 310
Pfordten, Ludwig von der 60–1, 69, 92, 101, 175, 181, 194–5, 204, 209–10, 217, 224, 302–4, 361
Pforzheim 242
Pfuel, General Ernst von 53
Pickford, Eduard 225
Pitt, William 136
Platen-Hallermund, Adolf von 195, 350
Poles 20, 49–50, 52–4, 94–5, 105–7, 167, 187–8, 205, 293
Polish nationalism 356
Police Association of the German States (Polizeiverein deutscher Staaten) 160
Polignac, Jules de 285
Polish insurrection in Galicia (1848) 28
Polish insurrection (1863) 77–8, 103, 109
political parties 5–10, 34–8, 114, 129–39, 160–83, 223–53, 283, 351
Pomerania 182
Pomeranians 128
Posen 20, 48, 52–4, 215, 346, 356
population 53
Pourtalès, Albert von 82, 147–8
Treaty of Prague (1866) 364
press 10, 36–8, 114–29, 132–3, 150–1, 180–3, 283
Presse, Die 106–7
Prestinari, Bernhard August 170
Preussische Jahrbücher 151–2, 189–90, 211, 271, 280–3, 295, 318–19, 321, 346
Preussisches Wochenblatt 75–6, 82–4, 147–8, 151, 176–8, 182, 211, 216
Prince-Smith, John 271
Progressive Party (Fortschrittspartei) 14, 114, 132–3, 136, 217–18, 225, 227–33, 239, 245, 248–9, 259, 275–6, 280–1, 305–6, 310–11, 313–14, 316–17, 324, 326, 328, 336, 341–4, 349, 357, 360–2, 365
Prokesch-Osten, Anton von 70, 97, 102–4, 147
Protestantism 66, 115, 123, 138, 177, 179–80, 225, 247–8, 349
Protestants 14, 130, 132, 138, 179–80, 187–8, 225
Prussia 3, 5, 7, 10, 21–3, 27–9, 31, 36, 39–47, 61–3, 65–85, 87–8, 90, 94–101, 104, 107–9, 113, 115–24, 126–57, 160–4, 166–7, 171, 175–80, 182, 185, 189, 191, 193–4, 197, 200–1, 208–9, 211–16, 218–90, 291–365
army 262, 265, 274–7, 283–4, 287, 291, 309
constitutional crisis 4, 258–90
constitution of 5 December 1848 28, 42, 44
constitution of 1850 162, 164, 262
‘coup’ of November 1848 44
Landtag 13, 146, 164, 166–7, 175–6, 178, 216, 223, 227, 229, 244, 246, 259–90, 321, 328, 335, 355, 359
Polizeipräsidium 178
population 47
Prussianness 144
state of siege 162
United Diet (Vereinigter Landtag) 41
Zentralstelle für Presseangelegenheiten 176
Prussia, province of 53
Prusso-Danish War (1864) 77–8, 84, 99–100, 272, 295–6, 333, 337
public sphere 4, 9–13, 32, 36–8, 114–29, 136, 150–1, 160–83, 183–4, 188–93, 203–4, 260, 296–7, 301, 309, 336
‘Putbus dictates’ (1866) 352
Quehl, Rhyno 176–8
Radowitz, Joseph Maria von 42–4, 47, 67, 70–1, 83, 86, 130, 144–6, 175, 200, 339, 356
Rastatt 160
Raumer, Karl Otto von 176, 179
reaction 9, 28–9, 37, 66, 82–3, 160–83, 192, 203–6, 213, 222–3, 251
reading societies 12
Rechbauer, Karl 106
Rechberg, Bernhard von 87–90, 94–5, 98–102, 113, 148, 200, 288, 290, 333
Rechtsstaat (law-governed state) 29, 124, 365
Reform 111
Reform Association (Reformverein) 115–16, 129, 131–3, 243, 294, 302
Reformation 212
Reich constitution (1849) 2–3, 6, 13–14, 21, 29, 38–46, 48, 57, 59, 62, 107, 174, 215, 219, 232, 240–2, 246, 267, 274, 305–6, 310, 322, 326–9, 343–4, 348, 353–4, 361, 364
absolute veto 44
basic rights 38
Paragraph 1 (Austria) 58–9, 348
Paragraphs 2 and 3 (Austria) 29, 57, 59, 348
Paragraph 47 (nationality rights) 48
Reich head of state (Reichsverweser) 16, 43, 67–8, 350
Reichensperger, August 57–9, 178, 215
Reichensperger, Peter 145, 178, 180, 215, 308
‘Reich of 70 millions’ 60, 87, 136
Reichstag (Austria) 38, 42, 50, 54
Reichstag (German Empire) 238, 343, 354, 361, 365
Reigersberg, August Lothar Graf von 186
Reinhard, Ludwig 240
Rendsburg 50
representation 27, 94, 211, 215, 221, 229, 242, 255
representative assemblies 4, 20, 211, 215, 221, 229, 242, 255, 265, 267, 278, 285, 287, 305, 322, 324, 329, 339, 341, 344
republic 21, 43, 45, 133–4, 174
Reschauer, Heinrich 108–9
Reventlow-Preetz, Friedrich von 68
revolution (1848–49) 1–64, 105, 124, 129, 136, 149–50, 157, 160, 162, 167, 190–3, 202, 204, 206, 219, 222–3, 225, 232, 240–1, 243, 259, 286–7, 295–6, 303, 310, 313, 331–2, 336, 341–4, 346, 348, 352–61, 364
‘failed’ revolution 24
February revolution (France) 27, 39
‘revolution from above’ 22–3
revolutionary nationalism 6–7, 17, 338
Reyscher, August Ludwig 229
Rheinischer Kurier 132
Rhein-Lahn-Zeitung 132
Rhine 76, 85, 116, 152–3, 247, 251
Rhineland 262
Richelieu, Armand-Jean du Plessis, Cardinal and duc de 136
Riedel, Christian Gottlieb 217
Riehl, Wihelm Heinrich 158–9, 219
Die Naturgeschichte des deutschen Volkes (1851–55) 158–9
rights 27–8, 38, 48, 321, 361, 364
Rio de Janeiro 102
Rittner, Carl August 217
Rochau, Ludwig August von 1, 186–7, 270, 318, 357, 360–1
Grundsätze der Realpolitik (1853) 1
Rödinger, Friedrich 238
Römer, Friedrich 55, 60, 165, 224
Rösler, Adolf 167
Rössler, Constantin 139–40, 152, 156, 239, 321
Roggenbach, Franz von 131, 204, 267, 280, 291, 322–7, 334–5, 339, 341, 363
Romania 54
Romanians 105
Rome 179
Roon, Albrecht von 259, 263–5, 284, 335
Rotenhan, Hermann von 59
Rüdt von Collenberg, Ludwig 204
Rümelin, Gustav 268
Ruge, Arnold 31, 151, 168, 247, 314
Der Patriotismus (1847) 31
Rumpler, Helmut 3
Russia 66, 72–3, 76–84, 87–8, 96, 101, 103, 125, 146–7, 263, 276, 292–3, 356
Ruthenians 54
Sachsen-Altenburg 353
Sachsen-Meiningen 353
Sachsen-Weimar 167, 181, 209, 321
Sächsische Vaterlandsblätter 32
Sartorius, Georg Friedrich 200
Savigny, Friedrich Carl von 177
Savigny, Karl Friedrich von 328, 348, 352
Savoy 77
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha 181, 188, 204, 225–6
Saxony 2, 27, 33, 38, 43–5, 61, 65, 67–8, 100, 113, 118, 138, 157, 159–61, 165, 167, 171, 175, 183–6, 188, 198, 200–5, 208, 215, 217, 226, 256–8, 301, 309, 335, 351, 359
Saxon Landtag 161, 165, 170, 256–8
Schaffenhausenschen Bankverein 169
Schaffrath, Wilhelm Michael 238, 310
Scharnhorst, Gerhard von 276
Schaumburg-Lippe 353
Schele, Eduard August von 165, 195
Scherer, Wilhelm 108
Schiller Association 32
Schlehdornpartei (conservative faction) 145
Schleinitz, Alexander von 73, 284, 28, 334–5
Schleswig 20, 50–2, 99–100, 284, 291–321
population 52
Schleswig-Holstein 22, 48, 50–3, 73–5, 77, 80, 85–6, 89, 111, 124, 128, 141, 213, 216–17, 226, 267, 285, 288, 291–321, 323, 326, 328–31, 335–8, 346–9, 351, 356, 358, 365
constitutions of 1854 292
Estates 68
Governor 68
Landesversammlung 68
population 291
provisional government 50–1
Schleswig-Holstein committees 293–4, 313, 317, 328
Schmerling, Anton von 49–50, 57, 86, 89–92, 105–7, 126, 350
Schmidt, Julius 244
Schneller, Julius Franz 103–4
Schopenhauer, Arthur 134
Schrenk, Karl von 195, 301, 350
Schüler, Christian 167, 238, 310
Schulze-Delitzsch, Hermann 31, 113, 225, 229–33, 241, 246, 276, 280, 311
Schuselka, Franz 111
Schwäbische Volkszeitung 268
Schwäbische Zeitung 268
Schwäbischer Merkur 12, 183, 268
Schwarzenberg, Felix zu 28–9, 49, 56–8, 66–70, 78, 86–7, 89, 92, 94–103, 106, 127, 142, 146, 149–52, 197
Schwarzenberg, Karl von 103–4
Schweitzer, Johann Baptist von 134–7
Der einzige Weg zur Einheit (1860) 135
Die österreichische Spitze (1863) 135
Österreichs Sache ist Deutschlands
Sache (1859) 135
Widerlegung von Carl Vogt’s Studien zur gegenwärtigen Lage Europas (1859) 135
Zur Deutschen Frage (1862) 134
Schwerin 71
Second Empire (France) 76, 147–8
secret society 128
secularism 14
seigneurial dues 27
Senfft von Pilsach, Ludwig von 201
separation of church and state 14, 27
Sepp, Johann Nepomuk 59–60
Serbia 87
Serbian nationalism 343
Serbs 54
shooting clubs 36, 135, 233, 362
Simon, Heinrich 44, 136–7, 239–41
Simon, Ludwig 44, 50, 57, 167, 222–3, 311
Aus dem Exil (1855)
Simson 71
Slavs 59–60, 84, 102, 115, 141–2, 147, 154–5
South Slavs 94
Slovenians 54
small Germany (Kleindeutschland) 2, 5, 20, 57, 61, 64, 85–6, 106–9, 113–17, 122, 126–7, 130–2, 135, 187–8, 211, 222, 238–43, 278, 282–3, 294–6, 303, 305–6, 309, 321–6, 331, 335, 338–44, 348–9, 356, 358, 363
small states (Kleinstaaten) 31, 79, 99–101, 167, 189–95, 216–17, 219, 289, 299, 303–4, 319, 338, 340, 345, 363
social democracy 13, 134–7, 243–8
Social Democratic Party (SPD) 9
Social-Demokrat 136–7, 215–16, 239, 315, 317, 346
socialists 14, 215, 243–8, 360
Anti-Socialist Laws (1878–90) 365
Società Nazionale Italiana 152
Soiron, Alexander von 169, 171
Solferino, battle of 109
Sonnemann, Leopold 133
South Germany 8, 62, 84, 113–15, 117, 122–9, 127, 137–40, 158–9, 189, 200, 204, 212, 219, 232–3, 240, 253, 267–70, 279–80, 294, 297, 303–7, 318, 345–6, 358, 362–4
South German states 97, 126, 187
South Tyrol 50
South-West Germany 15, 27, 116, 193, 303, 310, 317, 359
Spaniards 333
Spenersche Zeitung 182
Springer, Anton 108
Staats-Anzeiger (Württemberg) 12, 184–5
Staatslexikon (Rotteck and Welcker) 30, 55
Stadion, Franz Graf von 55
Stahl, Friedrich Julius 13, 40, 42–3, 134, 145–6, 148, 272, 359
Die deutsche Reichsverfassung (1849) 40
Stein, Lorenz 127
Stettin 242
Stockholm 102
Stolberg-Westheim, Joseph zu 180
Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, Earl of 285
Struve, Gustav 313
Stüve, Johann Carl Bertram 165, 189
Stuttgart 3, 12, 117, 128, 200, 242, 249, 267, 346
Süddeutschen 129
Süddeutsche Zeitung 130, 282–3
Süddeutsche Zetischrift 305
suffrage 15, 42, 215, 242, 287, 318, 341, 352, 361
Switzerland 45, 65, 133–4, 167–8, 353, 356
Sybel, Heinrich von 113–14, 118, 139, 227, 271, 285, 294
Tafel, Johann Friedrich Gottlob 229, 240–1, 310
tariffs 95–8, 111, 143, 253–8, 287–9
taxes 27
Techen, Carl 176
third Germany 5, 7, 66, 69, 74, 113, 115–39, 158–220, 269–70, 320, 340, 363
Thirty Years’ War 247
Three Kings’ Alliance (Dreikönigsbündnis) 67
Thun, Friedrich von 149
Thun, Count Leo 54
Thurn and Taxis family 134
Titus, Nikolaus 238
Todt, Karl Gotthelf 160
Treitschke, Heinrich von 11, 15, 266, 295, 314, 318, 329–30, 345–6, 359, 362
Trier 44
Turin 128
Turks 147
Twesten, Karl 265–6, 272, 311, 314, 318, 329–30, 332, 341, 353
Tyrol 54–5
Uhland, Ludwig 167
unification 5–6, 22, 141, 157, 188, 192, 243, 279, 289
Union of German Workers’ Associations (VDAV) 13, 233
unitary state (Einheitsstaat) 21, 46, 110, 125, 186, 191, 331
universities 34
Unruh, Hans-Viktor von 225, 229, 232, 239, 242–3, 277–8, 311, 341
Usedom, Guido von 82, 147–8, 150, 152, 339
Varrentrapp, Johann Georg 226
Varnhagen von Ense, Karl August 51, 146, 162–3, 175, 182
Vatican 125
Vendée 262–3
Venedey, Jakob 61, 152, 215, 238, 241, 247, 310–11, 313, 316
Verfassungsfreund 32
Victoria, Princess 284
Victoria, Queen of England 65, 284, 301–2
Viebig, Ernst 53
Congress of Vienna (1815) 31, 63, 66, 72, 74, 80, 84, 91, 149, 151, 203, 211–12, 251
Treaty of Vienna (1864) 301, 317, 348
Vienna uprising (1848) 28
Villafranca, peace of 152
Vincke, Georg von 17, 71, 139, 145, 175, 229, 330
Virchow, Rudolf 229, 266, 315, 335
Vischer, Friedrich Theodor 60
Völk, Josef 229
Vogt, Carl 122, 136, 167, 238, 246, 316–17
Andeutungen zur gegenwärtigen Lage (1864) 316–17
Volksbote 130
Volksfreund für das mittlere Deutschland 132
Volks-Zeitung (Berlin) 12, 182, 326–7, 360
Vorparlament 25–6, 39, 48, 215, 232, 240
Voss, Carl von 42
Vossische Zeitung 182
Wagener, Hermann 15, 144, 148, 176–7
Waitz, Georg 148, 163–4, 291, 297–8, 352
Grundzüge der Politik (1862) 163
Waldeck, Benedikt 239, 314–15, 353
wars of liberation (1813–15) 150–1, 185, 275
wars of unification (1864–71) 21–2
Weimar 138
Welcker, Carl Theodor 32, 43, 50, 55, 60–2, 170
Wesendonck, Hugo 167
Westendhalle 7–8, 34, 160, 359
Westphalen, Ferdinand von 118
Treaty of Westphalia (1648) 31, 72
West Prussia 53–4
Wiesner, Anton 48
Wilhelm, Crown Prince of Prussia (later Wilhelm I) 82–3
Wilhelm I, King of Württemberg 5, 60, 94, 185, 197, 205
Wilhelm I, King of Prussia 90, 223, 229, 239, 259–64, 267, 271–2, 283–5, 289, 322–3, 333–41, 352–4
‘To the German Volk’ (1866) 339
Windischgrätz, Prince Alfred zu 28, 61
Wittelsbach dynasty 113
Wochenblatt des Deutschen Reformvereins 116, 294
‘Wochenblatt’ party 82, 147, 336–8
Wochenschrift des Nationalvereins 256, 294, 327, 330
Wollheim da Fonseca, Anton Edmund 255
working classes 133–7
workers’ associations 34
World Exhibition (1851) 233
Wrangel, General Friedrich von 51
Württemberg 2, 7–8, 27, 30, 33, 43–4, 60, 62, 65, 68, 75–6, 98, 100, 102, 104, 114, 141–2, 150–1, 159, 164–5, 170–1, 179, 183–6, 195–6, 205, 217, 254, 257, 267, 309–11, 321, 329, 346–7, 351, 359, 363
Württemberg Landtag 161–2, 164–5, 217
Württemberger Anzeiger 183
Württemberger Hof 34, 43–4, 160, 359
Wuttke, Heinrich 167
Zedlitz, Johann Christoph von 127
Zeitung für Norddeutschland 171
Ziegert, August Hermann 238
Ziegler, Franz 245
Zitz, Franz 167
Znaim 102
Zurich 123