Figure 25.01: Silver ingot. Scale 1:1.
1. Ingot (L:32mm W:12mm, T:5mm). Road 8, F08:10, 2276, WSAR1, 2001.1846
Wedge-shaped ingot of silver debased with copper. XRF also shows some lead and gold content.
1. Bow Brooch (L:58mm W of head:28.5mm W of bow:3mm L of catchplate turnover:24mm). Gate 2, floor, late third century, D08:14, 2326, WSCA102, 2001.1142
Bow brooch with narrow rectangular-sectioned bow decorated with a row of notches along one edge of a groove. This motif is repeated in a series of six lines down the head. The head is a curved bar covering the spring, with a short projection at the top curving with the spring cross-bar to hold it in position. The ends of the head are bent back and pierced by the iron spring pin. The spring has six coils on one side of the missing pin and six on the other. The tip of the pin survives, corroded into the catchplate turnover. The catchplate has a large openwork motif and a lightly incised line. The foot is decorated with a double groove. Riha 1979, Group 4.2, first century AD.
2. Brooch fragment (L:22mm W:5.5mm). Alley 1, lowest level, M05:16, 331, WSCA249, 2001.1289
Fragment of a brooch bow with a central groove and a hollow back.
3. Trumpet Brooch (L:44mm W across head:13mm). Chalet 9, Building W, Period 4, D13:28, 1558, WSCA42, 2001.1082
Simple trumpet brooch with a small undecorated head. The decoration at the waist is merely a series of transverse grooves and ribs which are confined to the front of the bow. The lower bow is semicircular in section with two marginal grooves running to the cylindrical foot which is decorated with incised lines. The catchplate and pin are missing. Collingwood and Richmond 1969, Type Riii. See Snape 1993, Group 4.1 for local parallels. Early second century.
4. Trumpet Brooch (L:56mm W across head:17mm L of catchplate turnover:17mm). Clay puddling pit, Period 3 demolition, N05:15, 213, WSCA32, 2001.1072
Trumpet brooch in very good condition but lacking its hinged pin. The head is undecorated and the bow moulding, consisting of a plain globular centre between two milled bands each confined between two ribs, is limited to the front of the bow. A third milled band runs around the end of the bow above a globular foot, separated from it by a wide groove and rib. The hinge and stop piece survive as well as the long catchplate which is decorated with a single incised line down the side of the turnover. Collingwood and Richmond 1969, Type Riii. See Snape 1993, Group 4.1 for local parallels. Early second century.
5. Trumpet Brooch (L:62mm W across head:24mm). Area of Building 9, no details, E13:27, 1467, WSCA33, 2001.1073
Trumpet brooch with a plain head. The acanthus leaf motif encircles the waist but is very stylized with a rib-and-groove motif above and below. The lower bow is triangular in section above a cylindrical foot decorated with two shallow grooves. The catchplate turnover has snapped off and the pin is missing. A tubular hinge runs across the back of the head which also has an unpierced stop piece projecting from the top. Collingwood and Richmond 1969, Type Riii. See snape 1993, Group 4.1 for local parallels. Early second century.
6. Trumpet Brooch (L:38mm W across waist:7mm). Area over Cistern 1, unstratified, E08:01, 2202, WSCA229, 2001.1269
Fragment of a much corroded trumpet brooch. A band of knobs runs around the waist with the more prominent to the front. Above the waist the bow is circular in section and narrows to the distorted head. Possibly rejected before completion. Collingwood and Richmond 1969, Type Riii. See Snape 1993, Group 4.1 for local parallels. Early second century.
7. Trumpet Brooch (L:55mm). Area of Gate 1 and Road 4, modern, K03:02, 703, WSCA218, 2001.1258
Fragment of a large trumpet brooch missing its head and spring. The lower bow is triangular in section and the disc foot is riveted into position. Snape 1993, Group 4.1.
8. Trumpet Brooch (L:54mm L of catchplate:27mm). Unstratified, WSCA259, 2001.1299
Incomplete trumpet brooch lacking its head. The bow is very thin with a short band of acanthus motifs around the waist between two sets of ribs. The catchplate is very long and wide in comparison with the proportions of the rest of the brooch. The convex face of the lower bow has incised marginal lines and ends in a cylindrical foot with a milled band set between two ribs. The base of the foot has a deep dimple. Collingwood and Richmond 1969, Type Rii. Snape 1993, Group 4.1. Early second century.
9. Trumpet Brooch (L:21mm). Drain west of Building 5, E05:22, 510, WSCA408, 2001.1448
Head of a very corroded trumpet brooch with the spring and part of the head loop surviving. There are no traces of decoration.
10. Trumpet Brooch (L:50mm). Road surface associated with the north-west shacks (B2), dereliction, E05:04, 210, WSCA217, 2001.1257
Triangular-sectioned lower bow of a trumpet brooch. The foot has a milled band between two ribs.
11. Crossbow Brooch (L:62.5mm W across arms:36mm L of pin:51mm L of catchplate:22mm). Via principalis, L08:56, 2542, WSCA30, 2001.1070
Complete crossbow (P-shaped) brooch with hexagonal-sectioned arms ending in globular terminals on double disc necks. The central terminal is much smaller than those on the arms, although the same shape. Two flanges emerge from the head to flank the triangular-sectioned bow. The front of the tubular, side entry catchplate is deeply chip-carved along both edges, the motifs carrying on well up the bow. There is a short frontal projection at the foot. The hinged pin is complete and held in place by an iron pin. Keller (1971) Type I; c.290–320AD. Cf. Jobst 1975, Taf. 30–2, nos 226–39; Riha 1979, Type 6.5. See Snape 1993, Group 8.8 for local parallels.
12. Crossbow Brooch (approx. Surviving L:50mm). Area over Road 3, unstratified, J13:08, 1345, WSCA133, 2001.1173
Incomplete crossbow or P-shaped brooch in two pieces. The bow is narrow and of semicircular section. The terminals are plain knobs. Collingwood and Richmond 1969, Group T. Late third century. See snape 1993, Group 8.8 for local parallels.
13. Crossbow Brooch (L:47mm W of bow:3mm L of catchplate:18mm). Building 3 abandonment/post-Roman, P07:07, 2493, WSCA121, 2001.1161
Lower part of a crossbow brooch with a very thin facetted bow separated from the foot by a splayed flange. The expanded foot is tubular with a back opening. The surface is heavily tinned. Collingwood and Richmond 1969, Group T. See Snape 1993, Group 8.8 for local parallels. Late third century.
14. Bow Brooch (L:60mm W across head:19mm W across bow:5mm L of catchplate:19mm). Area over Building AO, unstratified, J08:01, 1978, WSCA103, 2001.1143
Bow brooch with a distorted long strip bow decorated with two longitudinal grooves filled with gilding. A wide groove separates the bow from the cylindrical head and another separates the bow from the long, facetted, tubular catchplate with a side entry. The foot has a short frontal projection. The head has a row of shallow dots in front of the spring opening. The spring and pin are both missing. The whole surface is silvered and the gilding applied to the grooves afterwards – the original effect must have been striking. Riha 1979, Group 5.5. Late first–second century.
15. Bow Brooch (W of head:18mm). Area over Building BA, unstratified, M13:01, 1738, WSCA166, 2001.1206
Head of a small bow brooch with a fragment of the hinged pin surviving. The cross bar is tubular with a thick wide projection at the top. What survives of the bow suggests a wide strip with marginal and median ribs.
16. Bow Brooch (L:19mm W of arms:20mm). Building 16, robber trench, M08:29, 2563, WSCA160, 2001.1200
Fragment of a brooch with a wide strip bow and short arms. A crested flange projects from the head. The pin has been hinged from a cylindrical spring-case. Riha 1979, Group 4.4. First century.
17. Bow Brooch (W of head:23mm L of pin:46mm). Area over Building 14, unstratified, K11:01, 1930, WSCA101, 2001.1141
Head of a divided bow brooch with a cylindrical spring-case and a crested flange. Both bows have central ribs and there is a small boss between these ribs. The spring has five coils on one side of the tapering pin and seven on the other. The whole brooch has been heavily gilded. Similar brooches are known from Housesteads (Birley and Charlton 1934, pl. XXIX, no. 3) and Vindolanda (Bidwell 1985, no. 5, 119). See Snape 1993, Group 8.2 for local parallels. Early third century.
18. Head-stud Brooch (D of stud:7mm). Road surface associated with the north-west shacks (B2), dereliction, E05:04, 240, WSCA286, 2001.1326
Circular ring-and-boss vestigial head-stud from a brooch similar to above with a fragment of the lower bow. No trace of enamel survives.
19. Knee Brooch (L:32mm W across head:20mm). Building 3, abandonment/post-Roman, P7:10, 2578, WSCA31, 2001.1071
Knee brooch with a faceted angular bow which tapers to a flared foot. The head is fan-shaped and separated from the bow by a ridge. A design of stamped squares decorates the head. The hinge tube is cast in one with the brooch and holds a spring of three coils on either side of the pin. The loop of the spring fits into a groove along the hinge tube. This hinge is of copper alloy. The catchplate is a long rectangular bar which projects at right angles from the foot and is hooked at the end. This is an example of the knee brooch which was common on the German limes in the late second century. Cf. Vindolanda: Bidwell 1985, fig. 39, no. 8. See also Almgren 1923, nos 246–7; Böhme 1972, Type 19–20; Ettlinger 1973, Type 53; Jobst 1975, Type 13; Riha 1979, Type 3.12. See Snape 1993, Group 5.1 for local parallels.
20. Knee Brooch (L:31mm W across head:15.5mm). Building 2, post-Roman dereliction, P05:03, 194, WSCA151, 2001.1191
Developed knee brooch with a tubular head. The sharply tapering bow is decorated with three deep channels between high ridges. The pin spring and catchplate are missing. See Snape 1993, Group 5.1 for local parallels.
21. Knee Brooch (L:30mm W across head:19mm). Area over intervallum road (Road 5), unstratified, E04:01, 18, WSCA75, 2001.1115
Distorted knee brooch with a tubular head and a narrow bow leading to a well splayed foot. The pin and spring are missing and the long catchplate is lacking its hooked end. Although knee brooches are known in the north of England (see Snape 1993, Group 5.1), those with tubular heads would appear to have been less popular than the fan-head type as above. Late second century.
22. Knee Brooch (L:24mm). Area over Building 9, unstratified, E13:01, 1118, WSCA201, 2001.1241
Small knee brooch lacking foot plate, spring and pin.
23. Knee Brooch (L:14mm). Area over Building 12 and Road 9, unstratified, J14:01, 1344, WSCA409, 2001.1449
Small fragment of the bow and flange of a knee brooch.
24. Knee Brooch (W:5mm). Area over Building 9, unstratified, E13:01, 1136, WSCA410, 2001.1450
Fragment of the bow of a knee brooch.
25. Disc Brooch (D:40mm). Area over Building 12 and alley 6, unstratified, L15:01, 1287, WSCA47, 2001.1087
Large copper alloy disc brooch with a silver repoussé plate attached to the face by lead-tin alloy. The plate is damaged but appears to display the typical triskele design with groups of raised dots confined within a double pellet border. The pin is missing. This type of plate brooch is common throughout Britain but was particularly popular in the north of Britain from the mid first century AD. See Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.148 for local parallels.
26. Disc Brooch (D:30mm L of catchplate:9mm). Building 16, hearth, Period 1?, K07:21, 2041, WSCA169, 2001.1209
Disc brooch of copper alloy with a silver repoussé plate attached to the face by lead-tin alloy. All that remains of the plate is the pelleted border. Part of the catchplate and double-lugged hinge survive.
27. Disc Brooch (D:24mm). Building 2, contubernium 5, Period 3 or later, M05:11, 273, WSCA411, 2001.1451
Several fragments of a gilded silver disc still attached to the copper alloy backing plate of a disc brooch by lead-tin alloy. The disc has a repoussé design showing a pelleted border although the central design is unclear.
28. Disc Brooch (D:26mm). Area over Building AM, unstratified, N14:01, 1641, WSCA41, 2001.1081
Circular disc brooch with a concentric rib to hold a now missing glass inset which would have been keyed into position by a small reserved metal ring. In the channel between the rib and the raised edge of the brooch there is a series of stamped S-shaped motifs. The face is gilded. The catchplate and part of the pin are missing and the spring pin is made of iron held between two hinge lugs. See Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.138, for local parallels. These brooches and their oval counterparts are particularly common in the military sector: Snape 1993, Group 15.2. Third-fourth century.
29. Plate Brooch (W:26mm H:20mm Total T:6mm). Area over intervallum road (Road 5), unstratified, E04:01, 18, WSE2, 2001.1617
Crescent-shaped plate brooch with two concentric bands of enamel; the inner band of red, the outer band of black or very dark blue. Part of the catchplate survives as well as the double lugged hinge with fragments of a coiled spring with an iron hinge pin. Crescentic brooches are known (see Riha’s (1979) Type 7.5), but the closest parallel to this example is a pendant from Wiesbaden (Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 45, no. 449).
30. Plate Brooch (L:41mm). Building 10, contubernium 3?, Period 2, F14:44, 1310, WSE1, 2001.1616
Circular plate brooch with four openwork peltae arranged around a raised flat boss which contains a disc of red enamel which has been made separately and riveted into position. The peltae and the brooch itself have raised edges and the resultant sunken field is filled with blue enamel. The catchplate and hinge survive behind two of the lugs. This brooch has parallels from Canterbury (Smith 1880, pl. XXI), Knaith Park, Lincolnshire (in private hands), Turret 18B (Allason-Jones 1988, 198–9, no.1) and South Shields (Allason-Jones 1983, no. 190). Examination of the brooches suggests the possibility that they may have been products from the same mould. Late second century.
31. Plate Brooch (D:29mm). Building 8, abandonment, mid-third century?, E11:37, 1158, WSE11, 2001.1626
Disc brooch with a concentric, reserved rib separating an outer ring of blue enamel from an inner ring of white. In the centre there is a waisted knob with a small central projection. The catchplate and hinge are both missing and the disc is incomplete. Cf. Coventina’s Well: Allason-Jones and McKay 1985, no. 45; Riha 1979, Type 7.14. Late second century.
32. Plate Brooch (D:33mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, K14:03, 1353, WSE10, 2001.1625
Fragment of a disc brooch with concentric ribs creating ring fields. The outer field contains green enamel whilst the second ring has small reserved metal dots emerging from blue enamel. Cf. Coventina’s Well: Allason-Jones and McKay 1985, no. 42. Second century.
33. Dragonesque Brooch (L:38mm, Max.W:16mm). Building 16, floor, Period 4, L07:02, 2026, WSCA99, 2001.1139
Complete dragonesque brooch. The body is hollowed at the back whilst the convex front is decorated with incised curved lines. The heads are thin and lively with deeply stamped circles for the eyes. One head has a short bar running from the chin to the body and has the incomplete pin wrapped around its neck. This piece has all the essentials of the true dragonesque brooch except for the enamelling. A large example from South Shields (Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.131), which also lacks enamel, was described by Collingwood (1930) as an imitation of the true dragonesque brooch, influenced by examples from Corbridge and Victoria Cave, Settle. The same cannot be said of this example from Wallsend. The form is North British, occurring predominantly in military contexts north of the Severn-Humber line, developing into the elaborately enamelled form by the second century. This brooch may be earlier in the series if the enamelling is seen as a degeneration. See Feachem 1951, 32–44.
34. Dragonesque Brooch. Unstratified, 1358, lost.
The site notebook describes it as being recessed for enamel inlay.
35. Penannular Brooch (D:30mm T of shank:3mm). Gateway 1, no details, K02:02, 772, WSCA86, 2001.1126
Penannular brooch with a circular-sectioned shank. The globular terminals sit on disc necks. The brooch is distorted and missing its pin. Fowler 1960, Type A3. First to third century.
36. Penannular Brooch (D:29.5mm L of pin (including hinge) :36mm). Building 8, west wall, Period 2, D11:09, 1146, WSCA34, 2001.1074
Penannular brooch with oval-sectioned shank and milled knobbed terminals. The pin has been formed by rolling a copper alloy sheet, flattening it and curling one end around the brooch shank. Fowler 1960, Type A2. First – fourth century.
37. Penannular brooch (L:28mm). Chalet 9, Building W, late third/early fourth century, D13:06, 1476, WSCA209, 2001.1249
Terminal of an oval-sectioned penannular brooch decorated with bands of nicks on the shank and incised lines at the ends. Fowler 1960, Type E. See Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.117 for local parallels. Third – fourth century.
38. Penannular Brooch (D:32mm L of pin:31mm). Soil over north-south drain east of Building 3, Period 3–4, Q07:10, 2594, WSCA125, 2001.1165
Penannular brooch in four fragments. The shank is circular in section enlarging to the globular terminals. The pin is formed of oval-sectioned wire flattened at the end and tightly curled. Fowler 1960, Type A1. First century BC– third century AD.
39. Curved Rod (L:29mm T:5mm). Chalet 9, Building W, late third/early fourth century, D13:06, 1489, WSCA412, 2001.1452
Fragment of a curved rod which tapers from the surviving terminal. Part of a plain penannular brooch?
40. Brooch Pin (L:35mm). Area over Building 16, unstratified, K07:03, 1985, WSCA238, 2001.1278
Short, tapering, circular-sectioned brooch pin with one end coiled twice to provide a spring.
41. Brooch Catchplate (L:25mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, K14:01, 1304, WSCA200, 2001.1240
Catchplate from a crossbow brooch?
42. Ear-ring (D:19mm W:0.5mm T:4.5mm). Building 10, contubernium 7, Period 2, G15:20, 978, WSCA94, 2001.1134
Penannular ring which is undecorated but tinned or silvered. Ear-ring of Allason-Jones 1989a, Type 1.
43. Ear-ring (Int. diam:12.5mm W:0.75mm T:1mm). Gateway 2, no details, C07:07, 2399, WSCA112, 2001.1152
Penannular ring of oval section with oblique nicks along one face. The ends are overlapped and taper sharply. Ear-ring of Allason-Jones 1989a, Type 2e.
44. Finger Ring (D of ring:22mm L of key:18mm). Area over Building 13, unstratified, N12:01, 1631, WSCA28, 2001.1068
Finger ring with projecting key. The shank is triangular-sectioned, expanding to the shoulder. The tubular key shaft projects from a flat rectangular area which is chip-carved. The ward is also chip-carved. See Colchester: Crummy 1983, no. 2195, for a similar key still in position in the lock of a small chest. See also Verulamium: Goodburn and Grew 1984, no. 163.
45. Finger Ring (int. diam:17mm W:3mm D of boss:11mm). Area over Building 15, unstratified, J07:01, 1997, WSCA39, 2001.1079
Finger ring with triangular-sectioned shank. A circular boss projects from a disc to give the impression of a stone inset into a cupped bezel.
46. Finger Ring (int. diam:16.5mm W:2mm Centre plate:9 × 7mm). Area over Building 14, unstratified, K10:01, 1965, WSCA45, 2001.1085
Finger ring of oval section expanding to triangularsectioned shoulders and a flat oval centre plate.
47. Finger Ring (int. diam:17mm W:1.75mm T:3mm). Area over Building 14, unstratified, H10:01, 1964, WSCA240, 2001.1280
Two fragments of a finger ring of semi-oval section with pelleted decoration around the outer face.
48. Finger Ring (int. diam:15mm W:1mm T:3mm). Area over Building AO, unstratified, K08:01, 1989, WSCA252, 2001.1292
Fragment of a strip finger ring with the outer face decorated with transverse ridges. Cf. Crummy 1983, no. 1770; Charlesworth 1961, pl. II, nos 1 and 2.
49. Bracelet (L:60mm). Area over Building 9, unstratified, D13:01, 1075, WSCA48, 2001.1088
Fragment of a strip bracelet with a snake’s head terminal decorated with incised dots. Cf. Jewry Wall, leicester: Kenyon 1948, Type E, decorated with dots and grooves; Verulamium Theatre: Kenyon 1934, fig. 12, nos 2 and 5, late fourth and late second centuries respectively. Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, Type 6, no. 3.243.
50. Bracelet (int. diam:48mm W:3mm T:1mm). Area over Building 16, unstratified, K07:01, 1982, WSCA161, 2001.1201
Fragment of a strip bracelet with groups of ridge andgroove motifs along the outer edge. The surviving terminal is flattened and pierced by a circular hole. Wheeler and Wheeler 1932, Type Q, no. 58; Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, Type 13, nos 3.265–9.
51. Bracelet (W:2mm T:3mm). Area over Road 3, unstratified, H13:10, 1254, WSCA71, 2001.1111
Oval-sectioned wire tapering to one terminal and curved to an open circle. Bracelet?
52. Bracelet (L:23mm T:1.5mm). Gateway 3, no details, J16:20, 1364, WSCA269, 2001.1309
Fragment of a sliding knot expanding bracelet. Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, Type 8, nos 3.249–50.
53. Bracelet (W:1.5mm T:2.5mm). Building R, mid-third century?, G11:16, 1194, WSCA214, 2001.1254
Fragmentary, thin strip bracelet of elliptical section. Hooked terminals.
54. Bracelet (W:10mm T:1.5mm). Area of Building 4, unstratified, J04:13, 834, WSCA250, 2001.1290
Wide strip curved to form a bracelet with two longitudinal bands of notches on the ridge-andgrooved upper face. Cf. Verulamium: Waugh and Goodburn 1972, fig. 32, nos 30 and 31.
55. Bracelet (T:3.25mm). Building AO, south wall robber trench, F08:19, 2400, WSCA345, 2001.1385
Fragment of a bracelet made from two strands of wire twisted together. Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, Type 13, nos 265–9. See also no. 379.
56. Collar (H:2mm D:25mm). Area over intervallum road (Road 5), unstratified. E04:01, 115, WSCA68, 2001.1108
Fluted collar resembling a melon bead with a small hole pierced through the side.
57. Bead or collar (L:24mm W:11.5mm). Area of Building 13 and Road 3, unstratified, L12:01, 1701, WSCA183, 2001.1223
Fragment of a large barrel-shaped bead or collar with deep vertical grooves.
58. Bead or collar (L:36mm W:16mm). Chalet 9, post-Roman dereliction, F13:16, 1325, WSCA179, 2001.1219
Fragment of a large barrel-shaped bead or collar with vertical grooves.
59. Bead (D:17mm H:11.5mm). Building 14, courtyard, Period 1 or 2, J10:56, 2180, lost
Globular bead. Cf. Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.754.
60. Bead (d:10mm T:3.5mm d of hole:5.5mm). Road associated with the north-west shacks (B2), Period 3–4, h05:12, 791, WSCA225, 2001.1265
small disc bead with traces of leather inside the hole.
61. Bead (D:15mm H:12mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, L14:44, 1800, WSCA17, 2001.1057
Barrel bead in molten copper alloy waste, attached to no. 179. See also the metalworking report.
62. Bead (D:10 H:5mm). Road 3, E12:30, 1177, WSCA405, 2001.1445
Barrel bead.
63. Bead (D:12mm H:7mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, L14:01, 1418, WSCA226, 2001.1266
Barrel bead.
64. Bead (D:15mm H:8mm). Road 1, unstratified, L08:06, 2008, WSCA235, 2001.1275
Fragment of a barrel bead.
65. Bead (D:12mm H:7.5mm). Area over Building 11 and Alley 6, unstratified, L15:01, 1281, WSCA162, 2001.1202
Drum-shaped bead or collar.
66. Bead (H:12mm H:8mm). Area of Building 10 and Road 6, modern, F15:07, 1455, WSCA57, 2001.1097
Drum-shaped bead.
67. Collar (L:23mm W:12mm). Chalet 9, post-Roman dereliction, G13:03, 1498, WSCA380, 2001.1420
Collar of semicircular section.
68. Collar (L:16mm min.D:13mm, Max.D:16mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, L14:01, 1422, WSCA89, 2001.1129
Collar consisting of one small drum on top of a larger drum.
69. Collar (D:12mm). Area over Building 11, unstratified, J15:01, 1252, WSCA206, 2001.1246
Distorted collar with three incised longitudinal lines on the outer face.
Figure 25.05: Copper alloy no. 73. Scale 1:2.
70. Collar (D:13mm T:4mm). Chalet 9, post-Roman dereliction, H13:08, 1501, WSCA470, 2001.1510
Penannular collar.
71. Collar (D:13mm H:7mm). Chalet 9, dereliction, G13:03, 1380, WSCA407, 2001.1447
Fragment of a collar.
72. Collar (D:15mm H:12mm). Road 3, unstratified, J13:08, 1366, WSCA395, 2001.1435
Collar in several fragments.
73. Statuette (H:150mm). Building 13, room 7, Period 4, N12:38, 1659, WSCA136, 2001.1176
Cast statuette of a female figure wearing a chiton with extra drapery wrapped around her right thigh and left shoulder. She holds a large cornucopia in her left hand, the horn of which rests on her left shoulder. Her right leg is slightly flexed. The attribute held in her right hand is missing. She wears a head-dress over a curled hair style which is parted in the centre and ends in a rough bun at the nape of the neck. A circular brooch, pelleted around a central boss, is worn at her right shoulder. There is a break across the neck of the statuette and the metal of the head and top of the cornucopia differs from the rest of the body, suggesting that they were added separately. The back is plain and roughly finished giving the impression that it was not intended to be seen. The execution is rough and angular with the details of the dress added after removal from the mould, implying provincial workmanship on the classical theme of Fortuna, although the goddess Spes may offer an alternative identification. The statuette is complete bar the tip of the cornucopia and the attribute in the right hand.
74. Miniature Axe (L:30mm W of head:16mm Max T:4mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, M12:01, 1672, WSCA44, 2001.1084
Miniature axe with a wide cutting blade and a narrower hammer. The circular-sectioned shank may be complete or may have continued as a pin. For a discussion on miniature axes and axe-hammers and their part in Roman religion, see Green 1978, 32–3.
75. Amulet (L:89mm Max W:19mm Max T:14mm). Building 11, contubernium 3/4, Period 2, L15:23, 1533, WSCA43, 2001.1083
Curved amulet, hollowed at the back with a central circular hole. One end is shaped to represent a phallus, the other a hand clenched over a projecting thumb, a symbol used to ward off the Evil Eye. The amulet has been made in two sections and welded together; this would have meant it was too weak for use as a handle. This form of amulet is common in bone: Verulamium: Green 1976, pl. XXVIa; Wroxeter: Bushe-Fox 1912, pl. X, fig. 1, no. 7; Chester-le-Street: Young 1933, 120; Colchester: Crummy 1983, 139; but some are known in bronze: Newstead: Curle 1911, pl. LXXVII, nos 2 and 3.
76. Candlestick (H:69mm D of base:40mm d of rim:33mm). Building 8 abandonment/Building N make-up layer, mid-late third century, E12:03, 986, WSCA1 2001.1041
Lathe-turned candlestick with a hollow flared lip and base and a bulging shank. Bands of incised lines decorate all three elements. There is a possible patch repair or fault in the metal on one side. A similar candlestick, now in Vienna, has a matching saucer base and has been dated to ‘about the birth of Christ’ (Mutz 1972, pl. 462). This example is likely to have been of some age when it reached Wallsend.
77. Hanging Lamp (H:26mm Total surv. L:85mm). Road 5, dereliction, E04:07, 150, WSCA85, 2001.1125
Hanging lamp with a flanged counterpoise decorated to resemble a vine leaf. The filling hole is circular and surrounded by two concentric grooves. Both wick arms have broken off. A fine length of copper alloy wire runs through a circular hole in the counterpoise and emerges underneath leaving a loop. The handle is a strip emerging from under the counterpoise and meeting the body halfway down. Two perforated lugs emerge from the side of the body to take a hanging chain. The base is missing. Similar oil lamps with single wick holes are illustrated by Mutz (1972, nos 408, 409 and 412).
Figure 25.06: Copper alloy nos 74–77. Scale 1:1.
78. Ramshead Skillet (D of bowl:180mm H of bowl:48mm D of flanged boss:62mm L of handle:129mm T of shank:23mm). Chalet 9, Building W, late third/early fourth century, D13:34, 1559, WSCA147, 2001.1187
Very corroded, circular skillet with a flat, in-turned rim. In the centre of the bowl there is a large boss with concentrically ribbed flange which has been attached separately. A wide ring base surrounds a dimpled washer in the centre of the base. The separate handle is a hollow tube with a flared end designed to clip over the rim of the bowl. The other end of the handle is fashioned to represent a stylized ram’s head. Two short ribs run back along the handle from the ram’s collar flanking a wide band delineated by two rows of stamped dots. Such skillets are common finds throughout the Roman Empire and were manufactured in Italy in the first century AD. See den Boesterd 1956, nos 68–70. For a discussion of the method of manufacture see Mutz 1972, no. 140, and Strong and Brown 1976, 33.
79. Bucket (H:126mm D of base:124mm D of rim:17 × 130mm W of neck ring:10mm T of walls:1mm). Building 12, robbing contubernium 9/officer’s quarters, Period 3, M14:61, 1895, WSCA148, 2001.1188
Vessel with a circular flat base. The thin walls belly out to curved shoulders. The rim is straight with a slightly thickened edge. The vessel is distorted so that the rim is now oval in shape. An iron ring of oval section fits tightly around the neck. Pieces of the iron handle are attached by corrosion to the fragmentary ring, but neither of the escutcheon loops survive. Radnóti (1938) illustrates a similar vessel from Vajta in Pannonia dated to the third century (pl. XXXVIII, no. 4, 123–4).
80. Bucket (H:128mm D of base:147mm D of rim:170mm W of neck ring:8mm section of handle: 12 × 8mm T of walls:1mm). Building 12, robbing contubernium 9/ officer’s quarters, Period 3, M14:61, 1894, WSCA150, 2001.1190
Vessel with a circular flat base similar to above. The thin walls are straight, curling out at the rim which is thickened at the edge. An oval-sectioned iron ring fits around the neck of the vessel with fragments of the iron handle resting on the rim. Neither of the escutcheon loops survives.
81. Bucket (H:168mm D of base:165mm D of rim:192mm W of iron ring:9mm T of walls:0.75mm). Building 12, robbing contubernium 9/officer’s quarters, Period 3, m14:61, 1893, WSCA149, 2001.118
Vessel, similar to above, with a circular flat base and straight sides which curve out at the neck. The edge of the rim is slightly thickened. Fragments of an ovalsectioned iron ring survive around the neck but no trace of a handle or escutcheon loops survive.
The three buckets were found in a group, no. 79 sitting in no. 80 which in turn was resting in its larger parallel, no. 81. There are parallels to all three vessels in Pannonia (Radnóti 1938, pl. XXXV, nos 1–5, 116) where the straight-sided buckets are more common than the curved form (as no. 79). All are known from first- and second-century contexts surviving into the third century. From complete examples it can be seen that the iron neck rings are bent to form looped escutcheons in two places, onto which are hooked the ends of the iron handle.
82. Escutcheon (L:85mm W:50mm). Unstratified, 1956, lost
Large bucket or bowl escutcheon with a long triangular body and oval loop. The back is hollow and the face convex. Cf. Verulamium: Waugh and Goodburn 1972, no. 132.
83. Escutcheon (L:62mm H:20mm). Alley 5, F14:38, 1311, WSCA67, 2001.1107
Solid bucket or bowl escutcheon in the form of a three-dimensional duck with a long triangular body and extended neck. There has been no attempt at modelling feathers but small dots indicate the eyes. There is a thin layer of lead on the base and traces of a possible shank or rivet. Examples are known from Romano-British sites, such as Ashby-de-Launde: Green 1976, pl. XXIIb, Barton: Eggers 1966, Abb.18, no. 41, and from Continental sites, such as Nauheim and Sacjrau: Henry 1936, 209–246. They also appear on Longley’s (1975) Type 5 hanging bowls which had a long period of production from the fourth to the seventh centuries.
84. Tripod support (H:29mm). East intervallum road (Road 7), Q05:04, 174, WSCA123, 2001.1163
Support from a tripod or lamp shaped to represent a horse’s hoof and fetlock.
85. Tankard handle (L:66mm Max W:19mm H:37mm D of discs:21mm). Area over Building 11, unstratified, K15:01, 1300, WSCA35, 2001.1075
Tankard handle with a V-sectioned strip shank with a central rib fitting into two disc terminals held together by a thin rod. Both discs have square loops projecting from the back. The handle is further decorated by two incised marginal lines. A close parallel dating to the third century is known from Okstrow Broch, Orkney: MacGregor, M., 1976, no. 291. See also Corcoran 1952, Class V.
86. Jug handle (L:32mm). Building 8 abandonment or Building N, mid/late third century?, E12:04, 1151, WSCA297, 2001.1337
Top of a jug handle with thumb-stop and wide flanges. Cf. den Boesterd 1956, pls X, XI, XII: second-third century.
87. Bowl (D:23mm L:30mm D:63mm T:0.5mm). Building 1, floor, Period 2, M05:28, 923, WSCA95, 2001.1135
Fragment of a bowl with a short out-turned rim. There are traces of tinning on the outer face which also has three scored parallel lines under the rim.
88. Bowl (D:16mm). Area over Via principalis (Road 1), unstratified, M08:01, 2622, WSCA173, 2001.1511
Fragment of the rim of a bowl. (AC)
89. Lid (D:18mm T:5mm). Area of Building 4, no details, J04:11, 654, WSCA301, 2001.1341
Small disc lid with raised lip on both faces.
90. Seal box lid (D:24mm T:1mm). Area over Alley 4, unstratified, F05:02, 275, WSE6, 2001.1621
Circular seal box lid with a leaf design of reserved metal contained within a raised border. The resultant fields contain red and blue enamel. Cf. Jewry Wall, Leicester: Kenyon 1948, fig. 84; also Bateson 1981, fig. 7c.
91. Plate (L:12mm T:1.75mm). Area over Building 15, unstratified, J07:01, 1999, WSCA329, 2001.1369
Fragment of a rectangular plate with raised edges. The face is divided into cells by ribs which may have held enamel.
92. Mirror (D of original mirror:90mm T:1mm). Area over Building 7, unstratified, G11:01, 961, WSCA270, 2001.1310
Fragment of a disc mirror which has been tinned on both faces. One face is highly polished whilst the other has lightly scored concentric circles. Cf. Corbridge: Lloyd-Morgan 1977, pl. XVIII, 335–8; Lloyd-Morgan 1981.
93. Bell (H:46mm). Area over Building 7, unstratified, G11:01, 950, WSCA131, 2001.1171
Incomplete bell with a long body and square mouth. The lozenge-shaped loop is pierced by a circular hole. Cf. Leicester: Kenyon 1948, fig. 87, no. 7.
94. Key (L:47mm W of head:22mm D of tube:5.5mm). Building 16, floor, Period 4, L07:02, 2024, WSCA152, 2001.1192
Very short tubular key with a ward projecting at right-angles at the end. The ward is damaged but appears to consist of two tangs. At the top a wide, three-ribbed, rectangular-sectioned panel leads to a flattened oval head pierced by a grooved circular hole (D:6mm). The head is set at right angles to the ward.
95. Key handle (L:42mm). Building 3, abandonment/post-Roman, P07:08, 2556, WSCA159, 2001.1199
Incomplete key handle with deep baluster-moulded neck and openwork head which appears to be of the common fleur-de-lis type which has been dated to post AD 150 (ORL 8, Taf. 12, no. 51). Part of the iron key shank survives in the base of the handle.
96. Lock bolt (L:80mm W:16mm T:9mm). Area over Building 9, unstratified, F13:04, 1036, WSCA40, 2001.1080
Tumbler lock bolt of rectangular section. The eight triangular cut-outs are arranged in two rectangular patterns of four. See diagram of use in Smith 1922, fig. 44.
97. Lock bolt (L:57mm W:13mm B:6mm). Unstratified, WSCA76, 2001.1116
Tumbler lock of rectangular section. The cut-outs are arranged in two lines of three squares. See also the iron example below, no. 33.
98. Tweezers (L:51mm W of arms: 5mm T of arms:1mm). Building 13, room 7, Period 4, N12:37, 1883, lost
Pair of tweezers with straight arms curving only at the tips.
99. Medical instrument (L:51mm W:14mm T:1mm). Rampart building north of Porta quintana, Period 2–3, C11:04, 1196, WSCA261, 2001.1301
Flat, leaf-shaped blade from a medical instrument. Cf. South Shields: Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.455. See also Kunzl 1982, pls 9; 20, no. 5; 43, nos 6 and 7; 69, no. 1; 79, no. 5.
100. Medical instrument (L:125mm T:4mm). Rampart building north of Porta quintana, Period 2–3, C11:04, 1199, WSCA77, 2001.1117
Fragment of a medical instrument with an octagonalsectioned shank and a bulbous probe. See Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, nos 3.451, 3.453, and 3.456 for local parallels. See Milne 1907, 53, for the use of such probes.
101. Medical instrument (L:26mm T:1.5mm). North gate, east tower, Period 1–2, L03:32, 886, WSCA55, 2001.1095
Small, leaf-shaped terminal from a medical instrument. One face is slightly concave. Cf. Milne 1907, pl. XIV, no. 5.
102. Medical instrument (L:120mm W of head:8.5mm). Alley 7, K12:02, 1816, lost
Distorted, tapering, circular-sectioned shank with a rounded spatulate terminal.
103. Medical instrument (L:20mm). Chalet 9, Building ET, Period 4, G13:14, 1575, WSCA267, 2001.1307
Terminal of a medical instrument with an angled circular head which has broken where a small hole pierces through the neck. Cf. Chesters: Chesters Museum Acc. No. 6011.817 (1072).
104. Spoon (L:140mm W of bowl:20mm). Lower fill of pit cut into primary phase of Road 4, Q04:15, 498, WSCA2, 2001.1042
Spoon with a pear-shaped bowl and a long tapering handle leading straight from the bowl. Cf. Verulamium: Waugh and Goodburn 1972, fig. 35, no. 74: AD 135–45.
105. Spoon bowl (D:22mm). Building 1, contubernium 2–4 cleaning, Period 2?, N04:18, 515, WSCA247, 2001.1287
Deep, circular spoon bowl with incised concentric circles around the edge on the inner face. Tinned on all surfaces. Cf. Verulamium: Goodburn and Grew 1984, fig. 15, no. 121: undated but an unillustrated example came from a context dated to 145–155.
106. Spoon bowl (L:32mm). Area over Building 1, unstratified, L04:11, 884, WSCA245, 2001.1285
Pear-shaped spoon bowl. Tinned.
107. Spoon bowl (W:20mm). Building 16, floor, Period 4, L08:47, 2508, WSCA340, 2001.1380.
Incomplete bowl near the junction with the handle. Very poor condition.
108. Spoon (L:123mm W of bowl:22mm). Rampart building north of Porta quintana, Period 2–3, C11:04, 1201, WSCA56, 2001.1096
Incomplete, very distorted spoon with an oval bowl and a tapering, rectangular-sectioned handle which is set slightly higher than the bow.
109. Spoon bowl (L:31mm W:26mm). Gateway 2, no details, D07:02, 2222, WSCA319, 2001.1359
Distorted, lute-shaped spoon bowl broken at the neck.
110. Spoon bowl (W:27mm). Building 16, floor, Period 4, P08:05, 2504, WSCA288, 2001.1328
Fragment of a lute-shaped spoon bowl with a thickened edge.
111. Spoon? (L:64mm approx W of bowl:34mm). Area over Building 16, unstratified, K07:03, 1986, lost
Fragmentary oval plate, slightly concave with a tapering curled strip projecting from one edge.
112. Spoon handle (L:67mm). Drain from tank south of Building 14, late third/early fourth century, J12:34, 2164, WSCA242, 2001.1282
Tapering handle of a spoon broken at the keel.
113. Spoon handle (L:36mm Max T:3mm). Via principalis, L08:57, 2555, WSCA135, 2001.1175
Fragment of a spoon handle broken at the keel. The handle emerges from the keel as square-sectioned but continues as circular-sectioned after a double rib motif. Tinned. Cf. South Shields: Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.327.
114. Stylus (L:94mm W:5mm W of head:6.5mm L of point:14mm). Cistern 1 filling, mid to late third century, E08:29, 2312, WSCA3, 2001.1043
Stylus with a circular-sectioned shank tapering to a short rectangular eraser with bevelled faces. The long pointed tip is separated from the shank by three deep grooves. Analysis has shown the metal to be a high tin bronze with some lead. See also no. 380.
115. Stylus? (L:89mm W of head:9mm). Road 8, F08:10, 2272, WSCA104, 2001.1144
Tapering, circular-sectioned rod with a long, wedgeshaped head decorated with incised cross-hatching. Possibly a stylus although the head appears to have been rounded at the end.
116. Pin (L:24mm D of head:24mm T of shank:3mm). Unstratified, 2003, WSCA115, 2001.1155
Incomplete pin with a circular-sectioned shank and an onion-shaped head on a disc neck.
117. Pin (L:84mm). Fill of drain in Road 9, J14:06, 1343, WSCA59, 2001.1099
Circular-sectioned pin with the end hooked. The head is square-sectioned and decorated with several transverse grooves.
118. Pin (L:112mm T:3.5mm). Building 5, drain fill, Period 2, E05:38, 1491, WSCA78, 2001.1118
Circular-sectioned pin broken across the balustermoulded head.
119. Pin (L:80mm T:2.5mm). Chalet 12, Building AL2, (mid)-late third century, M15:21, 1862, lost
Incomplete pin with a globular head on a balustermoulded neck and a circular-sectioned shank.
120. Pin (L:120mm T:3mm). Building BJ, foundation, post-Roman, G11:12, 1164, WSCA153, 2001.1193
Circular-sectioned pin with a domed head.
121. Pin (L:90mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, M14:01, 1649, WSCA80, 2001.1120
Circular-sectioned pin with a lathe-turned head.
122. Pin (L:82mm). Area over Buildings 1 and 2 and Alley 1, unstratified, N05:01, 7, WSCA51, 2001.1091
Very battered pin of circular section with a globular head.
123. Pin (L:61mm T:4mm). Via principalis, L08:50, 2523, WSCA418, 2001.1458
Circular-sectioned pin with a globular head.
124. Pin (D:8.5mm). Building 16, ‘kiln’, Period 1–2, M07:14, 2606, WSCA348, 2001.1388
Conical head of a pin with a circular-sectioned shank.
125. Pin (D:7mm). Road 3, F10:32, 2330, WSCA351, 2001.1391
Conical head of a pin.
126. Pin (L:61mm W:5mm T:4mm). Area over Building 16 and Via principalis, unstratified, N08:01, 2473, WSCA363, 2001.1403
Incomplete pin of oval section thickening to a rounded head.
127. Pin? (L:20mm). Building 13, backfill of east hypocaust, Period 4, M12:54, 1843, WSCA184, 2001.1224
Possible pin with a globular head and a wide shank with two longitudinal grooves.
128. Pin (L:83mm). Rerouted Via principalis (Road 1), Roman/post-Roman, E08:13, 2285, WSCA227, 2001.1267
Circular-sectioned pin. The head is too corroded for the form to be identified.
129. Pin (L:13mm D of head:7mm). Via principalis, L09:17, 2566, WSCA291, 2001.1331
Pin with circular-sectioned shank and a globular head.
130. Needle (L:120mm). Via principalis, L08:59, 2585, WSCA128, 2001.1168
Long needle of oval section with a countersunk rectangular eye.
131. Rod (L:40mm T:2mm). Building 1, verandah, Period 3, P05:13, 244, WSCA419, 2001.1459
Tapering, circular-sectioned rod; shank of pin or needle.
132. Rod (L:47mm T:2mm). Area over Building 1, unstratified, L04:01, 726, WSCA420, 2001.1460
Tapering, circular-sectioned rod; shank of pin or needle.
133. Rod (L:55mm T:3.5mm). Area over Building BB, unstratified, N13:01, 1657, WSCA421, 2001.1461
Rod of circular section with one pointed end.
134. Rod (L:75mm). Area over Building 12 and Via praetoria, unstratified, J14:01, 1261, WSCA208, 2001.1248
Curved rod with one end flattened and pierced to take a small copper alloy ring. The other end expands slightly and is broken across a hole. Balance? Cf. Chesters Museum Acc. No. 602.818(1073).
135. Rod (L:113mm). Building 2, contubernium 8 demolition material, Period 3 or later, L05:25, 843, WSCA154, 2001.1194
Thick rod of circular section flattened near one end to enclose a circular hole and with a square-sectioned head. Balance arm?
136. Nail (L:25mm D of head:7mm). Area over Road 8, unstratified, F09:04, 2215, WSCA119, 2001.1159
Nail with a globular head and a short tapering shank.
NAILS WITH DISC HEADS
137. Nail (L:12mm D:17mm). Building 2, contubernium 5, Period 3 or later, M05:11, 294, WSCA423, 2001.1463
138. Nail (L:25mm D:14mm). Road 4, G03:04, 624, WSCA379, 2001.1419
139. Nail (L:25mm D:11mm). Area over east fort wall, unstratified, R05:01, 633, WSCA215, 2001.1255
140. Nail (L:19mm D:22mm). Area over Building 9, unstratified, F13:01, 1080, WSCA422, 2001.1462
141. Nail (D:13mm). Area over Road 9, unstratified, J14:05, 1385, WSCA398, 2001.1438
142. Dolabra sheath (L:42mm). Road 3, no details, J13:18, 1346, WSCA37, 2001.1077
Square-sectioned hook with a flanged end from a dolabra sheath: Collingwood and Richmond 1969, fig. 108h.
143. Knife guard (L:21mm T:4mm hole:12 × 6mm). Area over Building 10 and intervallum road (Road 6), unstratified, F15:01, 1453, WSCA195, 2001.1235
Oval dagger or knife-guard with raised edges and a rectangular hole to take the tang. Cf. Corbridge: Bishop and Dore 1989, fig. 84, no. 147.
144. Binding (L:79mm W:7mm). Road surface (B2), Period 3–4, K07:14, 2049, WSCA239, 2001.1279
Fragment of U-sectioned shield or scabbard binding which follows a slight curve.
145. Scabbard runner (L:35mm W:12mm). Building 11, contubernium 3/4, Period 2, L15:18, 1593, WSCA272, 2001.1312
Fragment of the looped end of a scabbard runner with a plain chamfered face. Traces of gilding survive. Cf. Niederbieber: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 13, nos 55, 56; Feldberg; South Shields: Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.646.
146. Belt-plate (L:72mm W:33mm). Building 12 demolition, Period 3, M14:54, 1880, lost
Rectangular belt-plate with chamfered edges and a peltate projection from one end. The back is hollow with two disc-headed shanks. The open centre has lost its bar. Late second century.
147. Belt-plate bar (L:27mm W:7mm T:3mm). Building 2, contubernium 8, Period 3 or later, L05:44, 911, WSCA330, 2001.1370
Centre bar for an open belt-plate as no. 146 above. The bar is flat at the back with four transverse grooved ribs across the front. The surviving end terminates in a short spigot. For enamelled examples see Henry 1933, figs 38 and 39.
148. Belt-plate bar (L:17mm). Area over Building 1, unstratified, L04:11, 883, WSE12, 2001.1627
Fragment of the centre bar of an open belt-plate. One oval and one rectangular panel survives, both filled with blue enamel. Cf. Vimose, Brough-in-Westmorland, Felixstowe, and South Shields: Henry 1933, fig. 38, no. 4; fig. 39, nos 2, 3 and 5.
149. Belt-plate (L:25mm W:20mm). Chalet 12, Building AH, Period 4, L14:07, 44, WSCA260, 2001.1300
Fragment of a belt-plate with the centre filled with fretted openwork. The surviving end is peltate with a loop projecting from the back. Cf. Great Chesters: Allason-Jones 1996a, fig. 10, no. 38; Osterburken: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 62, no. 791.
150. Buckle (L:32mm Max W:27mm T:3mm). Building 1, contubernium 1–3 demolition, Period 2, N05:32, 567, WSCA83, 2001.1123
Buckle with an oval loop of triangular section with two projections curling into the void. The T-shaped hinge plate is thicker than the loop.
151. Buckle (L:33mm Max W:26mm T:2.5mm). Building Row 20, Building R, mid-third century, G11:18, 1222, WSCA69, 2001.1109
Buckle with an incomplete oval loop of semi-oval section with two projections curling into the void. The hinge plate is rectangular with a T-shaped hole cut to take the missing hinge pin.
152. Buckle (L:32mm W:28mm T:2.5mm). Area over Building 11 and Alley 6, unstratified, L15:15, 1517, WSCA122, 2001.1162
Buckle with an oval loop of semi-oval section. Part of the tongue survives in situ.
153. Buckle (L:19mm). Building 1, demolition/make-up, Period 3–4?, M05:09, 419, WSCA204, 2001.1244
Fragment of a buckle of square section consisting of part of the hinge loop and two projections curling into the centre. Tinned.
154. Buckle (W:15mm). Western rampart (F2), P04:04, 31, WSCA424, 2001.1464
Fragment of a buckle consisting of a T-shaped hinge loop set in a trapezoidal plate. The shank is semi-oval in section.
155. Buckle (W:20mm). Building 11, contubernium 4, Period 1, L15:29, 1618, WSCA417, 2001.1457
Fragment of an oval buckle with a projection into the centre.
156. Buckle (L:13mm). Area over Building 5, unstratified, J05:01, 600, WSCA425, 2001.1465
Fragments of the trapezoidal hinge loop plate of a buckle.
157. Buckle (W:10mm). Rampart building north of Porta quintana, Period 2–3, C11:04, 1169, WSCA391, 2001.1431
Hinge fragment from a buckle. Traces of an iron hinge pin survive.
158. Buckle (no measurements possible). Area over Building 12, unstratified, K14:03, 1347, WSCA377, 2001.1417
Buckle in many fragments.
159. Buckle hinge (W:21mm). Chalet 12, AF, Period 4 or later, M15:12, 1620, WSCA426, 2001.1466
Trapezoidal hinge loop from a buckle.
160. Strap-end (L:55mm Max W:9mm). Building 8, entrance, Period 4, D11:21, 1010, WSCA65, 2001.1105
Heavy strap-end with a long bulbous body and a squared loop. Cf. Pfünz: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 37, no. 327. Mid third century.
161. Strap-end (L:29mm Max W:6mm Max T:5mm). Area over Building 1, unstratified, P05:02, 114, WSCA60, 2001.1100
Tapered strap-end with a knobbed terminal. The wider end is cleft and pierced by a rivet hole. Cf. Zugmantel: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 36, nos. 311, 312.
162. Strap-end (L:36mm T:7mm). Building 13, south corridor, Period 3 or 4, L11:25, 1821, WSCA182, 2001.1222
Elongated bulbous end of a strap-end.
163. Strap-end (L:32mm B:2mm). Area of Building 2, post-Roman?, N05:16, 236, WSCA275, 2001.1315
Fragment of an elongated openwork strap-end. Cf. Niederbieber: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 41, nos 390, 393, 395, 396; Zugmantel: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 41, nos 391, 394, 397. Second–third century.
164. Hinge (L:21mm W:15mm D of stud head:7mm). Via quintana (Road 3), K14:15, 1590, WSCA210, 2001.1250
Rectangular hinge formed by folding a sheet and securing it with a disc-headed stud.
165. Hinge (L:19mm B:5mm). Area over Building 9, unstratified, E13:01, 1066, WSCA296, 2001.1336.
Similar to above.
166. Cuirass hook (L:49mm W:9mm T:1mm). Area over Via principalis, unstratified, L08:01, 1972, WSCA124, 2001.1164
Incomplete girdle plate tie-hook from lorica segmentata of Robinson’s (1975) Corbridge Auxiliary Cavalry Type B. Neither of the two circular holes retains its rivet and only part of the hook survives. First-second century.
167. See no. 181
168. Cuirass hook (L:33mm W:9mm B:2mm). Area of Building 2, post-Roman?, N05:16, 130, WSCA281, 2001.1321
Rectangular sheet with rivet shank surviving at one end. The other narrows to a broken terminal, curving upwards.
169. Pendant (L:37mm W:20mm T:1.5mm). Road north of Building 17, third century, G04:09, 372, WSCA36, 2001.1076
Heart-shaped openwork armour or harness pendant. Cf. Stockstadt: ORL 33, Taf. VII, no. 41.
170. Pendant (L:47mm W:24mm T:2mm). Road associated with the north-west shacks (B2), Period 3–4, H04:19, 789, WSCA81, 2001.1121
Flat, pear-shaped pendant with knobbed terminal and a large loop. An example decorated with incised circles is known from Wiesbaden: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 30, no. 197.
171. Pendant (L:30mm). Building BJ, post-Roman, G11:03, 1086, WSCA52, 2001.1092
Heart-shaped pendant with the strap hook missing. The terminal has a thick triple ribbed knob. Cf. Pfünz: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 30, no. 200.
172. Pendant (D:21mm). Area over Building 8 and Via quintana, unstratified, E12:01, 1116, WSCA190, 2001.1230
Crescentic pendant with a convex face and a hollow back, pierced by a rectangular hole. The broken loop sits at right angles to the body, Cf. Pfünz, Wiesbaden and Munningen: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 45, nos 448, 449 (enamelled) and 450 (enamelled).
173. Fitting (L:32mm T:1.5mm). Unstratified, WSCA156, 2001.1196
Narrow rectangular fitting with the remains of two shanks projecting from the back.
174. Fitting (L:61mm W:62mm). Area over Via quintana, unstratified, J13:01, 1321, WSCA222, 2001.1262
Large, incomplete peltate harness fitting.
175. Fitting (T:1.5mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, K14:01, 1538, WSCA207, 2001.1247
Fragment of a circular harness fitting with peltate openwork projecting from one edge.
176. Terret (W:45mm Total L:50mm W of loop:25mm T:6mm). Area over Building 2, ploughsoil, L05:03, 601, WSCA84, 2001.1124
Oval terret ring with a rectangular loop projecting from the edge. Published examples are known from Verulamium: Waugh and Goodburn 1972, no. 126, and Richborough: Bush-Fox 1949, pl. XXXVI, no. 124. There is also an unpublished terret of similar type from Chesters (Chesters Museum Acc. No. 726.1439).
177. Harness lead (D:36mm T:11mm). Alley 1, post-Roman dereliction, M05:14, 580, WSCA98, 2001.1138
Hollow, circular harness lead which has had four rectangular trace holes. The domed upper face has a central decoration of eight deep peltae containing red enamel. A concentric rib separates the peltae from grooves which radiate to the edge. An undecorated example is known from Chesters (Chesters Museum Acc. No. 886.369 (1093)), and some decorated examples are known from the German Limes: see Oldenstein 1976, Tafs 22–4. Early third century.
178. Harness lead (L:40mm W:40mm B:12mm). Building 12, drain in officer’s quarters, Period 1, J14:22, 1409, WSCA279, 2001.1319
Incomplete square harness lead.
179. Harness lead (L:19mm W:20mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, L14:44, 1800, WSCA17, 2001.1057
Fragment from a four-armed harness lead, broken up and partially melted down, along with a bead (no. 61). See also metalworking report.
180. Disc stud (D:49mm T of head:1.5mm). Area over Building 16, unstratified, L07:01, 1993, WSCA107, 2001.1147
Large disc stud with a slightly convex face. A rectangular loop in poor condition projects from the back. Probably horse harness decoration.
181. Junction loop fastener (L:41mm W:7mm T:1mm). Building 1, officer’s quarters, Period 3, N05:12, 270, WSCA134, 2001.1174
Incomplete, plain junction loop fastener. Cf. Wroxeter: Webster 2002, fig. 4.12, no. 56 (undated).
182. Harness mount (L:28mm Max W:19mm, Total H:17mm). Building 11, contubernium 3/4, Period 2, L15:23, 1535, WSCA61, 2001.1101
Circular boss with two rectangular loops across the hollow back. A knob projects from the centre of the boss whilst a broken loop and a knob project from the flanged border. Harness fitting.
183. Harness mount (L:32mm Max W:23mm Total T:9mm).
Area over Building 12, unstratified, L14:01, 1411, lost Y-shaped mount, hollow at the back and convex on the face. A disc-headed shank projects from behind each arm whilst strips projecting from the edges of the stem of the ‘Y’ curl back to form a collar or socket. Harness fitting.
184. Harness mount (L:48mm). Clay puddling pit, Period 3 demolition, N05:14, 265, WSCA127, 2001.1167
Incomplete, harness mount terminating in a wide disc-headed stud. A second stud projects from the back. The end is squared off and the surviving side is winged. Cf. Zugmantel: Oldenstein 1976, nos 880–1.
185. Harness slide (L:32mm W:11mm B:6mm). Unstratified, WSCA88, 2001.1128
Thin rectangular fitting, with a loop on the back the length of the fitting. Possibly associated with no. 188, as both have similar patina. (AC)
186. Harness slide (L:32mm W:19mm H:13mm). Area over Building 11, unstratified, K15:01, 1497, WSCA38, 2001.1078
Lentoid mount with a central circular boss. A rectangular loop runs the length of the stud at the back. M. MacGregor (1976, 134) links such studs with button-and-loop fasteners and cites a parallel from Middlebie, Dumfriesshire (ibid., fig. 8, no. 1).
187. Bridle fragment (L:44mm D of socket:9mm W of loop:19.5mm). Area over Road 8, unstratified, F08:01, 2197, WSCA171, 2001.1211
Incomplete tubular socket with deep flanges and a median rib. A plain tube projects at right angles to the socket and appears to contain traces of a lead-tin alloy. Part of a bridle: cf. Llyn Cerrig: Fox 1958, pl. 5b.
188. Bit (L:58mm) W(loop):22mm D(shaft):6mm). Unstratified, WSCA87, 2001.1127
Centre- and side-link from a three-link horse-bit of native tradition, used from the first century BC through to the mid or late first century AD (Jope 2000, pls 276–9). Possibly associated with no. 185. (AC)
189. Button-and-loop fastener (L:35mm D of button: 15mm W of loop:16mm). Cistern 2, lower fill, late third/early fourth century, J07:19, 2172, WSCA100, 2001.1140
Button-and loop fastener with a triangular loop attached to the top lip of a Hollow circular boss button. Wild 1970a, Class IV. Second century.
190. Button-and-loop fastener (L:47mm D of button:25mm W of loop:17.5mm). Area over Alley 5, unstratified, F05:01, 84, WSCA29, 2001.1069
Button-and-loop fastener with a triangular loop and a disc button. Wild 1970a, Class Vc; Gillam 1958, Type C. Second century AD.
191. Button-and-loop fastener (no measurements possible). Area over Building 11, unstratified, K15:01, 1299, WSCA427, 2001.1467
Very fragmentary button-and-loop fastener which appears to have had a triangular loop and a disc button, similar to above.
192. Button-and-loop fastener (D:33mm L:32mm). Building 1, verandah, Period 2, M04:29, 937, WSE5, 2001.1620
Slightly domed disc head with raised rib creating two concentric circles. The outer circle has petals in a light-coloured enamel, the inner circle has a central dot and a diamond in pale enamel created by four oval cells of discoloured enamel. Incomplete triangular attachment loop.
193. Button-and-loop fastener (L:27mm W of button:16mm W of loop:11mm). Area of Building 10 and Road 9, no details, H15:05, 1236, WSE9, 2001.1624
Button-and-loop fastener with a triangular loop and a lentoid button, the angled face of which is decorated with triangles of blue and yellow champlevé enamel. This does not correspond with any of Wild’s 1970a class numbers.
194. Button-and-loop fastener (L:24mm W of button:15mm W of loop:11mm). Area over intervallum road (Road 4), unstratified, P04:01, 50, WSCA62, 2001.1102
Small button-and-loop fastener with a squared loop and a lozenge-shaped button which has a raised centre. This does not correspond with any of Wild’s 1970a class numbers.
195. Button-and-loop fastener (L:20mm W:16mm). Alley 5, G14:04, 1274, WSCA92, 2001.1132
Tear-drop or petal button of a button-and-loop fastener of Wild’s (1970a) Class III and Gillam’s (1958) Type B. Late first century to second century.
196. Button-and-loop fastener (Button: 12 × 9mm). Area over Building 14 and Via quintana, unstratified, J12:01, 1932, lost.
Rectangular button of a button-and-loop fastener with deep transverse rib-and-groove decoration.
197. Button-and-loop fastener (L:45mm). Chalet 9, Building ET, Period 4, G13:14, 1566, WSCA211, 2001.1251
Stem and fragment of a triangular loop of a buttonand-loop fastener.
198. Fastener (D:14mm L:19mm). Area of Tower 2, unstratified, E02:11, 748, WSCA199, 2001.1239
Ring and shank from a fastening.
199. Terminal (L:17mm). Building 16, floor, Period 1–2, L07:13, 2103, WSCA175, 2001.1215
Decorated terminal from an openwork mount. The extreme end is onion-shaped and sits on a splayed base with curled sides. A rectangular-sectioned shank projects from the back. Cf. South Shields: Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.780.
200. Appliqué (L:36mm). Area over Building 9, Alley 5 and Road 9, unstratified, H14:04, 1226, WSCA295, 2001.1335
Small, stylized dolphin, moulded on the front but flat at the back. The snout is attached to a ridge suggesting that the dolphin was one of a pair of confronting dolphins, similar to those on helmet handles of the second and third centuries (see Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, nos 3.410–412; and 2564 below). The lack of a shank and its size suggests that this example was used as appliqué. Cf. Weißenburg: ORL 72, Taf. VI, no. 21.
201. Dumb-bell button (L:16mm W:9.5mm). Area over Building AO, unstratified, G08:01, 2053, WSCA232, 2001.1272
Incomplete dumb-bell button with a wide groove and collar and a globular end. Such buttons are common finds on forts in the Hadrian’s Wall area and have been related to the button-and-loop fasteners discussed above, by Gillam in his theory of the inter-Wall school of metalworking (1958). MacGregor (M., 1976) has suggested a late first- to possibly third-century date for production.
202. Plumb-bob (L:51mm D:15.5mm W of shank:9.5mm T of shank:3mm). Chalet 12, Building AL1, Period 4, M14:39, 1778, lost.
Long, solid conical plumb-bob with a deep groove around the circumference. A rectangular-sectioned shank is pierced by a circular hole.
203. Weight (H:19mm Max D:12mm). Building 1, contubernium 5 floor or demolition material, Period 2, M04:11, 512, WSCA73, 2001.1113
Conical steelyard weight decorated with longitudinal grooves. Cf. South Shields: Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, nos 3.475, 3.476.
204. Weight (H:10mm D:13mm). Area over Buildings 4 and 5 and Alley 3, unstratified, G04:01, 56, WSCA428, 2001.1468
Part of a circular weight with tapering sides.
205. Weight? (L:21mm T:9mm). Road surface associated with the north-west shacks (B2), Period 3–4, H05:13, 777, WSCA256, 2001.1296
Solid cone with a collar and a short shank. Steelyard weight or helmet knob.
206. Terminal (L:27mm T:11.5mm). Via principalis, E07:02, 2313, WSCA110, 2001.1150
Baluster-moulded terminal ending in a cone. An ovalsectioned iron rod projects from the end.
207. Terminal (L:16mm T:12mm). Via principalis, L08:50, 2519, WSCA170, 2001.1210
Cupped terminal on a circular-sectioned shank.
208. Terminal (L:24mm T:10mm T of shank: 5mm). Building 3, contubernium 3, Period 2, N07:15, 2609, WSCA114, 2001.1154
Baluster-moulded terminal on a wide, circularsectioned shank.
209. Terminal (L:8mm). Area of Building 11 and Alley 6, no details, L15:03, 1507, WSCA400, 2001.1440
Tiny acorn terminal.
210. Terminal (L:20mm). Area east of Building 10, post-Roman, H15:06, 1441, WSCA198, 2001.1238
Roughly fashioned conical terminal of a squaresectioned curved rod.
211. Knob (D:20mm H:30mm). Area over Road 6, unstratified, M16:08, 1740, lost
Globular knob with a flaring shank. Both knob and shank are globular and decorated all over with horizontal grooves.
212. Helmet knob (H:14mm D:9mm). Area of Alley 1, post-Roman dereliction, M05:04, 39, WSCA253, 2001.1293
Conical helmet knob with a flared border.
213. Handle (L:49mm). Area over Building 13, unstratified, M09:01, 2564, WSCA230, 2001.1270
Part of a handle, probably from a helmet, which has been in the form of a pair of confronting dolphins. Only one dolphin survives, very stylized with a short narrow body and fin and a very long wide tail. There is little modelling except for the tail which provides the attachment loop. See Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, nos 3.410–412. See also no. 200 above.
214. Handle (L:75mm T:4mm). Road 4, P04:04, 28, WSCA82, 2001.1122
Handle, possibly from a helmet. The lozenge section expands slightly to long bulbous terminals, one of which is missing.
215. Handle (L:84mm T:8mm). Clay puddling pit, Period 3 demolition, N05:13, 231, WSCA106, 2001.1146
Handle of circular section tapering to both missing terminals.
216. Handle (L of handle:65mm L of loops:35mm T of handle:4.5mm). Alley10/Building 17, disturbed surface inside building, third century, G04:16, 369, WSCA74, 2001.1114
Handle of oval section tapering to knobbed terminals. A double-spiked loop encloses each terminal suggesting that this is a furniture or box handle rather than a helmet handle.
217. Handle (L:66mm). Road 3, F11:19, 1184, WSCA126, 2001.1166
Handle of oval section tapering to knobbed terminals. The shank of the handle is straight, not curved as in the examples above.
218. Handle (L:65mm Max T:8mm). Area over Alley 5, unstratified, G14:01, 1041, WSCA79, 2001.1119
Handle of hexagonal section with central bead-andreel motif. Both terminals are missing. Cf. South Shields: Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.413.
219. Handle terminal (D:6mm). Area over intervallum road, unstratified, N04:01, 21, WSCA246, 2001.1286
Curved, oval-sectioned rod ending in a rounded knob. The terminal of a small handle?
220. Chape (No measurements possible). Building 9, contubernium 2, Period 2, F13:36, 1570, WSCA213, 2001.1253
Several fragments of a triangular openwork chape, probably of a similar type to Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no 3.396.
221. Chape (W:27mm H:24mm T:1.5mm). Area over Building 14, unstratified, K10:01, 1963, WSCA177, 2001.1217
Open triangle with a circular hole at the apex. The inner angles are rounded. Back plate from a scabbard chape.
222. Stud (L:45mm). Area over Building 11, unstratified, K15:01, 1323, WSE3, 2001.1618
Incomplete stud with turned back edges. One short shank projects from the back. The face has a complicated design with a central area of red enamel surrounded by, as well as containing, panels of white and blue millefiori enamel. The panels alternate with the white and blue in turn being the dominant colour, but each panel has a central dot of red. The back is covered with a cement made from carbonaceous sandstone with some quartz and some calcite but this appears to be secondary, the piece probably having decorated leather originally. Although incomplete, there are indications that the stud was not the usual circular shape but was in the shape of a curled leaf. Late second century AD.
223. Mount (D:20mm T:6mm). Building 4, make-up material, Period 2, J04:25, 940, WSE8, 2001.1623
Circular mount with a convex back. The concave face is decorated with swirls of blue and green (or white) enamel. There is a circular hole in the centre.
224. Stud (D:26mm T:7mm). Chalet 9, make up layer, Period 4, G13:19, 1576, WSE7, 2001.1622
Circular stud with its face divided by two concentric circular ribs. The central circle contains blue enamel whilst the surrounding ring is divided into wedgeshaped panels containing alternating colours, one of which is orange, an unusual colour on metalwork in the north of England. The panels in the outer ring contain alternately blue and black enamel. A short, square-sectioned shank projects from the back. This type of stud is common in the northern military zone: see Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.5; and Bateson 1981, 53.
225. Stud (D:31mm H:8mm). Area over Building 13, unstratified, M12:01, 1682, lost
Disc-headed stud with three concentric cells separated by reserved metal ribs. None of the cells now contain enamel. A single squat shank projects from the back.
226. Stud (D:16mm). Area over Building 14, unstratified, J11:01, 1928, WSE4, 2001.1619
Small, disc-headed stud with the face divided by two concentric circular ribs. The central circle contains transparent turquoise enamel; the surrounding ring contains wedged panels of alternately opaque brown and light blue transparent enamel, and the outer ring contains wedged panels of alternately transparent turquoise and opaque dark green enamel. This use of transparent enamel suggests a recycling of vessel glass. The square-sectioned shank at the back is broken. The edge of the stud is decorated with nicks. Cf. Corbridge: Bishop and Dore 1989, fig. 86, no. 18. An example from Verulamium is dated to 150–155/60 (Waugh and Goodburn 1972, fig. 37, no. 96).
227. Mount (L:29mm W:14mm H:9mm). Area over Road 6, unstratified, M16:08, 1739, lost
Mount in the form of a stylised phallus with traces of niello in the grooves. Two shanks with hammered ends project from the back. Several studs with transverse grooves from Corbridge have shown traces of niello (Allason-Jones 1989b) but this is the only phallic stud which has shown such traces so far in the Hadrian’s Wall zone. See also Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.588.
228. Mount (L:40mm W:15mm). Intervallum road (Road 6), primary level, M16:20, 1854, lost
Stylised phallic stud with longitudinal rather than transverse grooving. Two shanks project from the back.
229. Terminal (L:43mm W:7mm). Area over Building 14 and Via quintana, unstratified, K12:01, 1690, WSCA251, 2001.1291
Oval-sectioned rod bent to an angle. One end is broken whilst the other has an oval terminal with an incised line emerging from a groove, possibly intended to be phallic.
230. Stud (L:36mm W:12mm H:10mm). Chalet 12, Building AJ, robber trench, L14:20, 1424, WSCA63, 2001.1103
Angular, barrel-shaped stud of semicircular section. Two disc-headed shanks project from the hollow back and the face is decorated by three transverse incised grooves.
231. Stud (L:20mm W:8mm). Building 9, contubernium 2, Period 2, E13:41, 1572, WSCA429, 2001.1469
Long rectangular mount with an oval projection from the surviving end. A single shank projects from the hollow back and the face is convex. A set of six similar belt fittings is known from Verulamium: Waugh and Goodburn 1972, fig. 33, no. 43: AD130–150.
232. Mount loop (W:27mm H:29mm). Chalet 10, Building AB, Period 4, D14:12, 1483, WSCA90, 2001.1130
Semi-oval loop of rectangular section with a splayed spigot projecting from the base. Oldenstein (1976, Taf. 85) shows these being used as backing loops for plain bronze mounts but they were also used on openwork balteus mounts (Allason-Jones 1985a, fig. 2).
233. Openwork mount (L:17mm T:1mm). Structure in north-east corner of Building AO, L08:13, 2055, WSCA334, 2001.1374
Small fragment of an openwork mount.
234. Openwork mount (L:21mm T:5mm). Building 3, contubernium 2, Period 2, N07:15, 2614, WSCA336, 2001.1376
Small fragment of an openwork mount.
235. Mount (L:34mm W:30mm T:1mm). Road surface associated with the north-west shacks (B2), Period 3–4, H05:13, 775, WSCA137, 2001.1177
Fragment of a plate with raised edges. The face is divided into rectangles by ribs but there is no trace of enamelling. A short shank projects from the back.
236. Mount (L:24mm W:12mm Total H:8mm). Area over Building 14, unstratified, K11:01, 1922, WSCA105, 2001.1145
Rectangular mount heavily moulded with transverse ribs across the convex front. The back is hollow with a single projecting shank.
237. Mount (L:20mm W:3mm B8:mm). Road surface associated with the north-west shacks (B2), dereliction, E05:04, 183, WSCA257, 2001.1297
Very narrow rectangular plate, with one surviving disc-headed shank projecting from the back.
238. Mount (L:31mm W:32mm). Chalet 12, Building AM2, mid-late third century, M14:11, 1856, lost
Openwork peltate mount with a shank at the upper end bent down to form a hook. At the base a large rectangle has been roughly cut out. The edge of the mount is chamfered. Cf. Oldenstein 1976, nos 646–649. Early third century.
239. Mount (L:19mm W:18mm). Unstratified, 1797, WSCA189, 2001.1229
Three fragments of a peltate mount similar to above with a single stumpy shank projecting from the back.
240. Lunate mounts (W:17.5mm). Building 9, contubernium 2, Period 2, F13:36, 1571, WSCA202–3, 2001.1242–1243
Two tiny lunate mounts with convex faces and hollow backs. Two square-sectioned shanks project from each. Cf. Richborough: Cunliffe 1968, pl. XXXIII, no. 134; newstead: Curle 1911, pl. XCII, no. 3; Pfünz: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 45, no. 448.
241. Mount (T:1.5mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, K14:03, 1539, WSCA386, 2001.1426
Fragment of a peltate mount.
242. Mount (H:13mm W:21.5mm Max T:3mm). Via praetoria (Road 2), J07:08, 2052, WSCA180, 2001.1220
Peltate mount with one wing solid whilst the other forms an open sleeve.
243. Fitting (L:32mm W:17mm). Area over Building 10 and alley 5, unstratified, F14:01, 1067, WSCA244, 2001.1284
Incomplete fitting consisting of a curved strip with a loop projecting from the back.
244. Mount (L:35mm). Building 12, contubernium 6, Period 3?, L14:26, 1525, WSCA97, 2001.1137
Curved mount of roughly rectangular shape with two cross bars.
245. Mount (L:53mm W:33mm). Area over intervallum road (Road 4), unstratified, P04:01, 46, WSCA224, 2001.1264
Badly corroded, rectangular mount with splayed ends and a convex face. Two disc-headed shanks project from the back. Traces of organic matter, such as grass, were found but no trace of leather or textile. Cf. Saalburg: Jacobi 1897, Taf. LIII, 1 and 3; Zugmantel: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 59, no. 733.
246. Mount (L:12mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, L14:01, 1398, WSCA205, 2001.1245
Fragment of a mount similar to above.
247. Mount (L:37mm W:15mm B:4mm). Building 12 demolition, Period 3, M14:63, 1902, WSCA273, 2001.1313
Incomplete oval mount with slightly thicker terminal at one end. Two shanks project from the back.
248. Mount (D:19mm B:22mm). Unstratified, 1898, WSCA258, 2001.1298
Domed fitting with two attachment loops surviving, and the remains of a third.
249. Fitting (L:30mm W:12.5mm H:9mm). Via quintana (Road 3), M14:41, 1860, WSCA178, 2001.1218
Undecorated rectangular fitting with two shanks projecting from the back. Apparently an unfinished product.
250. Stud (D:30mm H:13mm). Building 3, abandonment/ post-Roman, P07:10, 2598, WSCA172, 2001.1212
Disc stud with a central dimpled cone surrounded by deep concentric grooves. The appearance is like the face of a bell-shaped stud (see below). A disc-headed shank projects from the back.
251. Stud (D:26mm). Area over Building 14, unstratified, H11:01, 2058, WSCA241, 2001.1281
Incomplete stud distorted by heat (casting waste?). The head consists of a circular rib surrounded by a wide flange with a circular-sectioned shank projecting form the back.
252. Stud or bolt (L:39mm D of head:19.5mm T of head:5mm shank:8.5mm × 4mm). Area over Via principalis, unstratified, L08:01, 2468, WSCA72, 2001.1112
Stud or bolt with a thick disc head, the edge of which is decorated with two incised lines. The face is also decorated with incised concentric circles. The shank is rectangular in section and is pierced by a 3.5mm hole at the end.
253. Disc stud (D: 26mm H:18mm). Area over Building 10 and Alley 5, unstratified, E14:01, 1132, WSCA53, 2001.1093
Disc stud with decorative notching around the edge. A wide rectangular-sectioned shank projects from the back and is broken across the pierced end. Cf. South Shields: Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, no. 3.885; Straubing, Saalburg, and Oberdorf: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 50, nos 564, 567, and 568 respectively.
254. Disc stud (D:17mm H:8mm). Via praetoria (Road 2), K07:05, 2039, WSCA266, 2001.1306
Small disc-headed stud with a circular-sectioned shank. The head is decorated with notches round the edge but is much smaller than is normal with this type.
255. Disc stud (D:20mm Shank W:8mm B:1mm). West rampart, Period 1, D10:25, 2308, WSCA365, 2001.1405.
Stud with a slightly domed disc head and the remains of a wide rectangular-sectioned shank projecting from the back.
256. Disc stud (D:13mm H:10mm). Building 13, pit in room 8, mid-third century, N12:25, 1842, lost
Disc stud with a raised border set close to but not on the rim. A single shank projects from the back.
257. Disc stud (D:17mm T of shank:6mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, L14:01, 1412, WSCA403, 2001.1443
Very corroded stud with a disc head and a circularsectioned shank.
258. Disc stud (D:28mm). Area over Building 10 and Alley 5, unstratified, F14:01, 1283, WSCA382, 2001.1422
Disc stud, slightly domed with a short, squaresectioned shank.
259. Disc stud (D:25mm T:0.5mm). Building 2, contubernium 6, Period 3, M05:13, 424, WSCA431, 2001.1471
Disc stud covered in iron corrosion. X-rays show no sign of a shank or rivet.
260. Disc stud (D:21mm). Area of Gateway 3 and Road 6, modern, G16:19, 1073, WSCA416, 2001.1456
Disc stud covered with iron corrosion. The face has a marginal groove.
DISC STUDS WITH SQUARE-SECTIONED SHANKS
261. Disc stud (D:22mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, L14:01, 1420, WSCA66, 2001.1106
262. Disc stud (D:29mm). Area over intervallum road (Road 5), unstratified, E04:01, 160, WSCA192, 2001.1232
263. Disc stud (D:34mm). Building L, demolition, Period 4, G04:03, 328, WSCA430, 2001.1470
264. Disc stud (D:30mm). Building 1, north wall foundation, Period 2, M04:04, 362, WSCA50, 2001.1090
265. Disc stud (D:17mm W of shank:7mm T:3mm). Gateway 1, robber trench, L03:43, 871, WSCA280, 2001.1320
Stud with a slightly domed disc head and a wide rectangular-sectioned shank.
266. Disc stud (D:24mm H:35mm). Building 13, stoking room, Period 4, M12:37, 1810, lost
Stud with a distorted disc head and a very long, oval-sectioned shank with a hammered end. There are traces of lead on the underside of the head.
267. Disc stud (D:16mm). Road 8, F08:10, 2258, WSCA117, 2001.1157
Disc-headed stud with a rectangular-sectioned shank moulded to a right angle.
268. Disc stud (D:14mm H:10mm T of shank:4mm). Building 1, phase 1 demolition, Period 3–4, M04:03, 214, WSCA197, 2001.1237
Disc stud with a thick, short, tapering shank.
269–75. BELL-SHAPED STUDS WITH SQUARE-SECTIONED IRON SHANKS. TYPE 1 (ALLASON-JONES 1985B)
269. (H:14mm D:27mm). Area over Alley 4, unstratified, F05:01, 125, WSCA219, 2001.1259
Traces of gilding survive on the face.
270. (H:12mm D:26mm). Road 8, F09:07, 2220, WSCA46, 2001.1086
271. (H:23.5rnm, H:14mm). Area over Road 8, unstratified, F08:01, 2196, WSCA108, 2001.1148
Wide shallow skirt separated from the waist by a rib.
272. (D: 31mm). Road surface associated with the northwest shacks (B2), dereliction, J05:16, 839, WSCA278, 2001.1318
273. (H: 17mm). Building 2, contubernium 8 demolition material, Period 3 or later, L05:25, 860, WSCA54, 2001.1094
274. (H: 16mm). Area over Building 10 and intervallum road (Road 6), unstratified, F15:01, 1053, WSCA91, 2001.1131
275. (H:26mm). Area over intervallum road (Road 6), unstratified, L16:01, 1340, WSCA113, 2001.1153
276–8. BELL-SHAPED STUDS, WITH SHANK CAST IN ONE WITH THE HEAD. TYPE 2 (ALLASON-JONES 1985B)
276. (H:25mm D:10.5mm W of shank:8mm T:5mm). Area over Building 16 and Via principalis, unstratified, N08:01, 2474, WSCA228, 2001.1268
277. (H:41mm D:28mm). Unstratified, WSCA402, 2001.1442.
278. (H: 29mm). Area of Building 9, modern, E13:16, 1135, WSCA109, 2001.1149
279. Bell-shaped stud (H:12mm, D:18mm). Building 14, crosshall, Period 2?, K11:39, 2080, WSCA234, 2001.1274
Very small bell-shaped stud with a short curved skirt. A narrow dimpled cone projects from the face. The top is broken so it cannot be assigned to a type.
280–2. DOMED STUDS FILLED WITH LEAD-TIN ALLOY
280. (D:18mm H:7mm). Area over Building 14, unstratified, J11:01, 1937, WSCA164, 2001.1204
No trace of the iron shank survives.
281. (D:26mm H:10mm). Drain north of Building AZ, robber trench, L12:18, 1741, WSCA174, 2001.1214
A rectangular-sectioned iron shank.
282. (no measurements possible). M16:08, 1855, WSCA165, 2001.1205
283. Stud (D of head:15mm H:12mm D of rove:12mm). Via principalis, E07:35, 2415, WSCA231, 2001.1271
Hollow, domed stud with a tapering shank which ends in a disc rove.
284. Stud (D:10mm H:9mm). Area over Building 10 and intervallum road (Road 6), unstratified, F15:01, 1352, WSCA223, 2001.1263
Small, dome-headed stud with a circular-sectioned shank.
285. Stud (D:17mm). Gate 1, modern, L03:03, 678, WSCA415, 2001.1455
Hollow, domed stud head. No shank survives.
286. Stud (D:17mm). Building 2, contubernium 5, Period 3 or later, M05:11, 276, WSCA404, 2001.1444
Domed head of a stud. No shank survives.
287. Stud (D:6mm). Via quintana (Road 3), K14:15, 1588, WSCA473–7, 2001.1513–1517
Six tiny studs, each with a domed head and a disc rove held 1.5mm apart.
288. Stud (D:34mm). Chalet 9, post-Roman dereliction, F13:16, 1573, WSCA221, 2001.1261
Circular stud with convex face and an oval-sectioned shank.
289. Stud (D:19mm). Area over Building 11 and Alley 6, unstratified, L15:15, 1521, WSCA432, 2001.1472
Stud with a domed head and a disc rove with fragments of wood held between the two. Cf. Buch and Saalburg: Oldenstein 1976, Taf. 46, nos 486 and 487 respectively.
290. Stud (D:11mm). Building 14, crosshall, Period 1 or 2, H11:51, 2148, WSCA233, 2001.1273
Hollow, domed stud head. The circular-sectioned shank passes through the head.
291. Stud (H:15mm D:24mm). Building 14, drain in west wall, Period 1 or 2, H11:34, 2073, WSCA120, 2001.1160
Hollow, domed stud with a short, circular-sectioned shank and a disc rove.
292. Stud (L: 20mm). Area over Building 14 and Alley 3, unstratified, H04:01, 670, WSCA433, 2001.1473
Fragment of a stud with a rectangular-sectioned shank with a hole pierced through the rounded end.
293. Disc stud (D:25mm H:15mm). Building 3, contubernium 1/2 partition, Period 3–4, N07:06, 2589, WSCA116, 2001.1156
Disc stud with notched edge and rectangularsectioned shank pierced by a circular hole at the rounded end. Cf. South Shields: Allason-Jones and Miket 1984, 3.885.
294. Boss (H:12mm D:17mm). Area over Building 8 and Via quintana, unstratified, D12:01, 1019, WSCA220, 2001.1260
Hollow conical boss.
295. Clip (L:14mm W:9mm B:4mm). Fill of intervallum drain (Road 7) outside Building 13, P12:08, 1780, WSCA5, 2001.1045
296. Strip (L:19mm W:7mm T:0.5mm). Area over Alley 1, ploughsoil, N05:03, 185, WSCA248, 2001.1288
Rectangular strip with decorative cut-outs along one edge and pierced by two large rivet holes.
297. Sheet (L:33mm W:15mm B:1mm). Building BA, Period 4, M13:10, WSCA21, 2001.1061
Folded rectangular sheet with decorative cut-outs along one edge and pierced by four rivet holes at the corners. One rivet survives.
298. Strip (L:26mm W:12mm). Tower 2, no details, E02:15, 905, WSCA387, 2001.1427
Strip of curved section pierced by two roughly, circular holes.
299. Strip (L:40mm W:5mm T:1.5mm). Rubble over Building 8 and nearby roads (B3), late third/early fourth century, E12:08, 1166, WSCA138, 2001.1178
Strip expanding to the broken ends. One end has split across a circular hole.
300. Strips (T:0.5mm). Building Row 20, Building Q, midthird century, F11:36, 1195, WSCA434, 2001.1474
Several large strips of copper alloy, one with an edge folded over. Possible fragment of armour.
301. Strip (L:3mm T:1mm). Area over Building 13, unstratified, N12:01, 1671, WSCA435, 2001.1475
Fragments of a strip of slightly curled section with one straight edge.
302. Strip (L:31mm W:15mm T:2mm). Chalet 9, Building ET, Period 4, G13:14, 1563, WSCA191, 2001.1231
Rectangular strip with a central grooved rib. The surviving end is stepped and pierced by a circular hole.
303. Strip (L:19mm T:3mm). Alley 10/Building 17, road surface, late third/early fourth century, J05:20, 906, WSCA436, 2001.1476
Triangular strip with a thick projection at the apex. The base has broken across a circular hole.
304. Strip (L:20mm). Area over Building 13 and Alley 7, unstratified, L09:01, 2482, WSCA283, 2001.1323
Curled strip.
305. Plate (L:26mm W:10mm T:0.5mm). Drain from tank south of Building 14, late third/early fourth century, J12:34, 2168, WSCA310, 2001.1350
Rectangular plate pierced at the corners by small circular holes.
306. Plate (L:54mm W:24mm B:0.5mm). Building 13, courtyard, Period 3–4, N11:34, 1897, WSCA20, 2001.1060
Thin sheet with remains of small rivets, probably a fitting from a box.
307. Plate (T:1mm hole:7x7mm). Building 9, contubernium 6, Period 2, G13:24, 1586, WSCA406, 2001.1446
Fragment of an irregularly shaped plate with a square hole cut through.
308. Sheet (L:60mm W:29mm T:0.75mm). Chalet 12, Building AM2, mid/late third century, M14:11, 1853, lost
Incomplete, rectangular sheet with at least five circular rivet holes, one of which still contains a disc-headed rivet.
309. Sheet (Total L:65mm W:9mm T:0.5mm). Area of Building 14, no details, H11:26, 2000, WSCA265, 2001.1305
Several fragments of rectangular sheet.
310. Sheet (L:19mm W:22mm T:0.5mm). Building 14, pit, fourth century?, H09:34, 2149, WSCA305, 2001.1345
Triangular sheet with two corners cut off.
311. Sheet (L:25mm). Drain from tank south of Building 14, late third/early fourth century, J12:34, 2167, WSCA326, 2001.1366
Fragment of a rectangular sheet with a marginal repoussé rib. Pierced by at least one circular hole.
312. Sheet (L:20mm B:0.25mm). Via principalis, J08:19, 2151, WSCA328, 2001.1368
Several thin sheets pierced by random holes.
313. Sheet (L:14mm T:1mm). Via praetoria, B07:03, 1988, WSCA93, 2001.1133
Incomplete sheet, pierced by one small circular hole. Several oblique ribs run across the face.
314. Sheet (L:46mm T:0.25mm). Area over Road 9, unstratified, E09:01, 2351, WSCA337, 2001.1377
Fragment of a thin sheet folded in half. A repoussé rib runs close to one edge.
315–20. DISCS
315. (T:1mm). Area over Gate 1, unstratified, L03:01, 631, WSCA438, 2001.1478. Incomplete.
316. (D:28mm). Building 1, south wall foundation, Period 2, N05:25, 437, WSCA437, 2001.1477. Incomplete. From the iron corrosion on one face it appears that this formed the facing disc from an iron stud.
317. (D:34mm T:1mm holes:1mm). Area of Building 16, no details, K07:04, 2009, WSCA185, 2001.1225. Much corroded disc which has been lathe-turned – the turning lines and chuck hole are still clear. Both faces are polished although there is no trace of tinning. Three tiny holes are pierced at the very edge.
318. (D:19mm T:0.5mm). Area over Building 14, unstratified, J11:01, 1938, WSC167, lost
319. (D:33.5mm T:1mm). Area over Building 14, unstratified, J09:01, 1951, WSCA181, 2001.1221. Slightly curved in section.
320. (D:33mm T:1mm). Area over Building 16 and Via praetoria, unstratified, K07:01, 1996, WSCA254, 2001.1294. Incomplete.
321–4. WASHERS
321. (D:15mm T:1mm). Area over intervallum road (Road 4), unstratified, P04:01, 15, WSCA414, 2001.1454.
322. (D:35mm W:8.5mm). Unstratified, 2620, WSCA188, 2001.1228. Curved.
323. (D:25mm W:7mm). Building 14, pit, fourth century?, H09:34, 2149, WSCA307, 2001.1348. Curved.
324. (D:28mm T:0.75mm). Building Row 20, Building AX, mid-third century, H11:57, 2445, WSCA338, 2001.1378. Incomplete.
325. Hook (L:14mm). Area over Building 11 and Alley 6, unstratified, L15:01, 1280, WSCA381, 2001.1421
Fragment of a hook of oval section.
326. Rod (L:172mm W:14mm hole:4mm). Rubble over Building 8 (B3), late third/early fourth century, D11:02, 1061, WSCA70, 2001.1110
Rectangular sectioned shank ending in an oval plate which is pierced by a square hole.
327. Shank (L:18mm W:12mm). Unstratified, 2166, WSCA243, 2001.1283
Incomplete, rectangular-sectioned shank ending in an oval plate which is pierced by a rough circular hole.
328. Rod (L:18mm W:6mm T:2.5mm). Building 11, contubernium 3/4, Period 2, L15:19, 1617, WSCA271, 2001.1311
Rectangular-sectioned rod which has broken across a transverse hole. The other end splays out curling around a central knob.
329. Rod (L:33mm). Rubble over east rampart and intervallum road, Q07:07, 2572, WSCA361, 2001.1401
Rectangular-sectioned rod thickening from a point to a hooked end.
330. Rod (Total W:20mm W of rod:3.5mm T:3mm). Area over Buildings H and Z, unstratified, L13:01, 1882, WSCA167, 2001.1207
Oval-sectioned rod bent to form a ring with the ends overlapped at an angle.
331. Tube (L:34mm D:17mm T:3mm). Area over Building 1, unstratified, P05:02, 45, WSCA49, 2001.1089
Tube with thick sides decorated with two incised bands.
332. Tube (L:19mm W:9mm). Area over Building 10 and Alley 6, unstratified, M15:01,1607, WSCA452, 2001.1492
Tube of lentoid section with one end nipped close.
333–76. RINGS
333. (D:40mm T:3mm). Area over intervallum road (Road 6), unstratified, L16:01, 1259, WSCA370, 2001.1410. Incomplete.
334. (D:34mm W:7mm T:5.5mm). Building 3, abandonment/post-Roman, N07:08, 2552, WSCA343, 2001.1383
335. (D:34mm T:4mm). Road surface associated with the north-west shacks (B2), late third/early fourth century, J04:05, 807, WSCA129, 2001.1169.
336. (D:30mm W:3.5mm T:2.5mm). Area over intervallum road (Road 6), unstratified, L16:01, 1257, WSCA392, 2001.1432. Hexagonal section, worn on one side.
337. (D:27mm W:5mm T:5mm). Area over Building 13, unstratified, N12:01, 1665, WSCA299, 2001.1339. Incomplete.
338. (D:24mm W:3mm T:2mm). Area over Building 2, ploughsoil, L05:03, 680, WSCA457, 2001.1497.
339. (D:23mm T:3mm). Levelling east of Building Row 20, Building R, late third/fourth century, G12:19, 1220, WSCA461, 2001.1501.
340. (D:21.5mm W:1.25mm T:4mm). Via principalis, M08:09, 2501, WSCA284, 2001.1324
341. (D:21mm T:4mm). Area over Road 8, unstratified, F08:01, 2455, WSCA362, 2001.1402. Incomplete.
342. (D:20mm T:2.5mm). Area over Building 10 and Road 9, unstratified, H15:01, 1266, WSCA462, 2001.1502.
343. (D:20mm). Building 4, make-up layer, Period 2, G04:07, 485, WSCA455, 2001.1495.
344. (D:19mm W:2mm T:3mm). Area over Building 14 and Via quintana, unstratified, K12:01, 1926, WSCA353, 2001.1393. Incomplete.
345. (D:18mm W:2mm T:3mm). Area over Via principalis, unstratified, G08:01, 2066, WSCA255, 2001.1295. Incomplete.
346. (D:17mm W:1.5mm T:2mm). Via principalis, L08:57, 2551, WSCA341, 2001.1381. Incomplete.
347. (D:16mm T:2mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, L14:01, 1531, WSCA371, 2001.1411.
348. (L:23mm T: 4mm). Building 4, officer’s quarters, Period 2, F03:22, 901, WSCA478, 2001.1518.
349. (T:3mm). Area of Alley 5, no details, H14:21, 1271, WSCA463, 2001.1503. Incomplete.
350. (D:28mm), Building 18, contubernium 1, Period 3–4, F05:15, 432, WSCA130, 2001.1170.
351. (D:28mm W:6mm T:2mm). Area over Buildings H and Z, unstratified, L13:01, 1750, WSCA132, 2001.1172. Worn in one section.
352. (D:27mm W:3mm T:4.5mm). Building 1, floor, Period 2, M05:28, 922, WSCA456, 2001.1496.
353. (D:21mm W:3mmT:4mm). Gate 2, post-Roman, D08:17, 2411, WSCA356, 2001.1396. Penannular.
354. (D:20mm W:2.5mm T:3mm). Area over Building 13, unstratified, N12:01, 1653, WSCA467, 2001.1507.
355. (D:18.5mm W:2mm T:3.5mm). Area over Building 14, unstratified, J11:01, 1934, WSCA168, 2001.1208. Very corroded.
356. (D:11mm T:5mm). Area over Building 11, unstratified, J15:01, 1272, WSCA389, 2001.1429. Penannular, with two grooves.
357. (D:48mm W:5mm T:4.5mm). Area over Building 12, unstratified, K14:03, 1384, WSCA465, 2001.1505. Repair on one side.
358. (D:27mm W:4mm). Building 11, contubernium 4, Period 2, L15:33, 1540, WSCA375, 2001.1415.
359. (D:23mm W:2.5mm). Area over Building 11, unstratified, K15:01, 1372, WSCA464, 2001.1504.
360. (D:22mm W:2.5mmT:2mm). Building 18, contubernium 1, Period 3–4, F05:15, 431, WSCA458, 2001.1498.
361. (D:21mm W:3.5mm T:3mm). Building Row 20, Building R, late third/early fourth century, G11:25, 2418, WSCA354, 2001.1394.
362. (D:21mm W:2.5mm T:3mm). Area over Building 11, unstratified, K15:02, 1295, WSCA399, 2001.1439.
363. (D:20mm W:3mm). Area of Alley 5, no details, G14:07, 1598, WSCA466, 2001.1506.
364. (D:20mm W:2.5mm T:2mm). Area over Building 11, unstratified, J15:01, 1264, WSCA372, 2001.1412.
365. (D:19mm W:1.5mm T:2.5mm). Gate 2 floor, Period 3–4?, D08:40, 2380, WSCA342, 2001.1382.
366. (D:19mm T:3mm W:3mm). Road 8, F08:10, 2310, WSCA237, 2001.1277.
367. (D:18mm T:2mm). Area over intervallum road (Road 6), unstratified, L16:01, 1258, WSCA469, 2001.1509. Incomplete.
368. (W:3mm T:2mm). Building 2, contubernium 5, Period 3 or later, M05:11, 295, WSCA454, 2001.1494. Incomplete.
369. (D:26mm W:5mm T:3mm). Via principalis, L08:57, 2547, WSCA339, 2001.1379.
370. (D:23mm W:4mm T:2.5mm). Area over Building 8 and Via quintana, unstratified, D12:01, 1033, WSCA459, 2001.1499.
371. (D:23mm). Area south of Building 5, Roman/post-Roman, H05:13, 591, WSCA472, 2001.1512.
372. (D:23mm). Building 12, contubernium 5, Period 3?, M14:42, WSCA22.
373. (D:20mm T:3mm). Rampart building north of Porta quintana, Period 2–3, C11:04, 1093, WSCA460, 2001.1500. Incomplete.
374. (D:20mm). Area over Road 2, unstratified, K04:02, WSCA373. Thin.
375. (D:16mm T:2.25mm). Building AW robber trench, H11:71, 2612, WSCA350, 2001.1390.
376. (D:8mm). Area over Building 1, ploughsoil, Q05:02, 116, WSCA453, 2001.1493. Incomplete.
377. Block (W:30mm T:5mm). Area over Building AO, unstratified, K08:01, 2031, WSCA333, 2001.1373
Part of a hexagonal block thickening to the edges.
378. Shank (L:36mm D of head:14.5mm). Road 8, F08:10, 2263, WSCA187, 2001.1227
Short, circular shank with a waisted rod ending in a disc. The casting lines have not been filed down. The piece may have been rejected on being taken from the mould because of a gash across the top of the disc.
379. Bracelet (L:52mm W:5mm B:2mm). West intervallum road, D12:10, 1046, WSCA262, 2001.1302.
Terminal of bracelet with D-shaped cross section and incised decoration on the upper surface (AC).
380. Stylus (L:89mm D:4mm). Area over Building 5 and Alley 4, unstratified, H05:01, 1246, WSCA193, 2001.1233
Stylus with a circular-section shank and incomplete eraser, with traces of groove decoration. The pointed end if corroded, but has traces of groove decoration (AC).
381. Lid (D:33mm Total H:8.5mm). Area over Via principalis, unstratified, L08:01, 1984, WSCA176, 2001.1216
Plain, circular disc with a hinge projecting from the back at one edge. An iron hinge pin holds a fragment of the vessel. From the centre of the lid projects a knob with a globular end.
