ROMAN EMPERORS (476–911)
Last emperors of east and west:
Zeno, at Constantinople, 474–491
Romulus Augustulus, at Rome, 475–476
BYZANTINE EMPERORS, FROM 491–959
Anastasius I |
491–518 |
Justin I |
518–27 |
Justinian |
527–65 |
Justin II |
565–78 |
Tiberius |
578–82 |
Maurice |
582–602 |
Phokas |
602–10 |
Heraclius I |
610–41 |
Constantine III |
641 |
Heracleonas |
641 |
Constans II |
641–68 |
Constantine IV (Pogonatus) |
668–85 |
Justinian II |
685–95 and 705–11 |
Leontius |
695–98 |
Tiberius III |
698–705 |
Justinian II (restored) |
705–11 |
Philippicus |
711–13 |
Anastasius II |
713–15 |
Theodosius III |
715–17 |
Leo III; the Isaurian |
717–41 |
Constantine V |
741–75 |
Leo IV: the Khazar |
775–80 |
Constantine VI |
780–97 |
Irene |
797–802 |
Nicephoras I |
802–11 |
Michael I |
811–13 |
Leo V |
813–20 |
Michael II |
820–29 |
Theophilus |
829–42 |
Michael III |
842–67 |
Basil I; the Macedonian |
867–86 |
Leo VI (Alexander 912–13) |
886–912 |
Constantine VII (Porphyrogenitus) |
912–59 |
RESTORED ROMAN EMPIRE IN THE WEST (800–899)
Charles the Great |
800–14 |
Louis the Pious |
814–40 |
Lothar I |
840–55 |
Louis II |
855–75 |
Charles II: the Bald |
875–77 |
Charles III: the Fat |
881–87 |
Guy of Spoleto |
891–94 |
Lambert of Spoleto |
894–98 |
Arnulf of Carinthia |
896–99 |
POPES (440–911)
Leo I: the Great |
440 |
Hilary |
461 |
Simplicius |
468 |
Felix III (II) |
483 |
Gelasius I |
492 |
Anastasius II |
496 |
Symmachus (Laurentius 498–505) |
498 |
Hormisdas |
514 |
John I |
523 |
Felix IV (III) |
526 |
Boniface II (Dioscurus 530) |
530 |
John II |
532 |
Agapitus I |
535 |
Silverius |
536 |
Vigilius |
538 |
Pelagius I |
555 |
John III |
561 |
Benedict I |
575 |
Pelagius II |
579 |
Gregory I: the Great |
590 |
Sabinian |
604 |
Boniface III |
607 |
Boniface IV |
608 |
Deusdedit I |
615 |
Boniface V |
619 |
Honorius I |
625 |
Severinus |
640 |
John IV |
640 |
Theodore I |
642 |
Martin I |
649 |
Eugenius I |
655 |
Vitalian |
657 |
Deusdedit II |
672 |
Donus |
676 |
Agatho |
678 |
Leo II |
682 |
Benedict II |
684 |
John V |
685 |
Conon (Theodore 686) |
686 |
Sergius I (Pascal 687) |
687 |
John VI |
701 |
John VII |
705 |
Sisinnius |
708 |
Constantine |
708 |
Gregory II |
715 |
Gregory III |
731 |
Zacharias |
741 |
Stephen II |
752 |
Stephen III (II) |
752 |
Paul I (Constantine II 767) |
757 |
Stephen IV (III) |
768 |
Hadrian I |
772 |
Leo III |
795 |
Stephen V (IV) |
816 |
Pascal I |
817 |
Eugenius II |
824 |
Valentine |
827 |
Gregory IV |
827 |
Sergius II |
844 |
Leo IV |
847 |
Benedict III (Anastasius 855) |
855 |
Nicholas I |
858 |
Hadrian II |
867 |
John VIII |
872 |
Marinus I |
882 |
Hadrian III |
884 |
Stephen VI (V) |
885 |
Formosus |
891 |
Boniface VI |
896 |
Stephen VII (VI) |
896 |
Romanus |
897 |
Theodore II |
897 |
John IX |
898 |
Benedict IV |
900 |
Leo V (Christopher 903) |
903 |
Sergius III |
904 to 911 |
OSTROGOTHIC KINGS (493–553)
Theoderic |
493–526 |
Athalaric |
526–34 |
Theodahad |
534–36 |
Witigis |
536–40 |
Hildibad |
540–41 |
Eraric |
541 |
Totila |
541–53 |
Teia |
553 |
VANDAL KINGS IN AFRICA (439–534)
Gaiseric |
439–77 |
Hunneric |
477–84 |
Gunthamund |
484–96 |
Thrasamund |
496–523 |
Hilderic |
523–31 |
Gelimer |
531–34 |
VISIGOTHIC KINGS IN SPAIN (446–711)
Euric |
466–84 |
Alaric II |
484–507 |
Theoderic and Amalaric |
506–26 |
Amalaric alone |
526–31 |
Theudis |
531–48 |
Theudegesil |
548–49 |
Agila |
549–54 |
Athanagild |
554–67 |
Leova I |
568–72 |
Leovigild |
568–86 |
Recared I |
586–601 |
Leova II |
601–03 |
Witterich |
603–10 |
Gundemar |
610–12 |
Sisebut |
612–21 |
Recared II |
621 |
Swinthila |
621–31 |
Sisenand |
631–36 |
Chintila |
636–40 |
Tulga |
640–42 |
Chindaswinth |
642–52 |
Receswinth |
653–72 |
Wamba |
672–80 |
Erwig |
680–87 |
Egica |
687–701 |
Witiza |
701–09 |
Roderick |
709–11 |
LOMBARD KINGS IN ITALY (568–774)
Alboin |
568–72 |
Cleph |
572–74 |
Authari |
584–90 |
Agilulf |
590–616 |
Adaloald |
616–26 |
Arioald |
626–36 |
Rothari |
636–52 |
Rodoald |
652 |
Aribert I |
652–61 |
Godepert} |
Perctarit 661–62 |
Grimoald |
662–71 |
Perctarit (again) |
671–88 |
Cunipert |
688–700 |
Luitpert |
700 |
Aribert II |
700–12 |
Ansprand |
712 |
Liutprand |
713–44 |
Hildebrand |
744 |
Ratchis |
744–49 |
Aistulf |
749–56 |
Desiderius |
756–74 |
CALIPHS (632–932)
Abu Bakr |
632–34 |
‛Umar |
634–44 |
‛Uthman |
644–56 |
‛Ali |
656–61 |
Yazid II |
720–24 |
Hisham |
724–43 |
Marwan II |
744–50 |
UMAYYADS
Mu‛awiya I |
661–79 |
Yazid |
679–83 |
Mu‛awiya II |
683 |
Marwan I |
684–85 |
‛Abd al-Malik |
685–705 |
Walid |
705–15 |
Suleiman |
715–17 |
‛Umar II |
717–20 |
UMAYYAD AMIRS OF CORDOBA
‛Abd ar-Rahman I |
756–88 |
Hisham I |
788–96 |
Al-Hakam I |
796–822 |
‛Abd ar-Rahman II |
822–52 |
Muhammad I |
852–86 |
Al-Mundhir |
886–88 |
‛Abdullah |
888–912 |
‛Abd ar-Rahman III |
912–29: |
caliph, |
929–62 |
ABBAS IDS
Abu’l-Abbas |
750–54 |
Mansur |
754–75 |
Al-Mahdi |
775–85 |
Al-Hadi |
785–86 |
Harun ar-Rashid |
786–809 |
Al-Amin |
809–13 |
Ma’mun |
813–33 |
Al-Mu‛tasim |
833–42 |
Al-Wathiq |
842–47 |
Al-Mutawakhil |
847–61 |
Al-Muntasir |
861–62 |
Al-Musta‛in |
862–66 |
Al-Mu‛tazz |
866–69 |
Al-Muhtadi |
869–70 |
Al-Mu‛tamid |
870–92 |
Al-Mu‛tadid |
892–902 |
Al-Muktafi |
902–08 |
Al-Muqtadir |
908–32 |