INDEX

Numbers in italics refer to maps and illustrations.

Acadian orogeny

Ahnsahnghong

Albany, N.Y., 4.1, 4.2

Algonquian Indians

Alphawood Foundation Chicago

Altsheler, Joseph

Alvarez, Regina

Ambrose Channel

American Acclimatization Society

American chestnut, 2.1, 5.1

American Littoral Society, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4

American Museum of Natural History, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2

American Notes for General Circulation (Dickens),

American Revolution, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1

Army Corps of Engineers, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

Arthur Kill, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 7.1

Atha, Daniel

Atlantic Flyway, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1

Audubon Society

see also New York City Audubon Society

Baffin Island

Baltimore Oriole, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

Barren Island, 3.1, 7.1

Battery Park City

Battery Park City Authority

Bay of Saint Marguerite

Bayonne Bridge

Beach Channel

Belt Parkway, 3.1, 7.1

Berdy, Judy

Bergen Beach

Berry, Wendell

Beston, Henry

Bird Hazard Task Force

birds, migratory, frw.1, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4

Birds of the New York City Region (Griscom),

bird-watchers, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

Black Wall Island

Black Wall Marsh, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4

Blackwell, Jacob

Blackwell, Robert

Blackwell Park

Blackwell’s Island, see Roosevelt Island

Bloomberg, Michael, 8.1, 8.2

Brief Description of New-York, A: Formerly Called New-Netherlands,

Britton, Nathaniel Lord, 2.1, 2.2

Broad Channel, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9

Bronx, N.Y., prf.1, 1.1, 1.2, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 7.1

Bronx Zoo

Brooklyn, N.Y., prf.1, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 6.1, 7.1

Brooklyn Bridge Park

Brown, Capability

Brown, Nancy Mirandoli, 6.1, 6.2

Brown, Tom

Buffer the Bay program, 3.1, 3.2

Burden, Amanda

Burgee, John, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Burnt Island (Deadman’s Island)

Burroughs, John

Cage, John

Calvanese, Neil, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4

Canarsie meadows, 3.1, 3.2

Canarsie people

Canarsie Pier

Canarsie Pol, 3.1, 3.2

Cape May Warbler, 5.1

Caro, Robert

Catskills, N.Y., 2.1, 5.1

Central Park, frw.1, frw.2, prf.1, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3

Bethesda Fountain in, 5.1

Bethesda Terrace in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4

birdlife of, frw.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7

Boathouse in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4

construction of

flora of

Great Lawn in, 5.1, 5.2

Hernshead in

Lake in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9

Moses and

Olmsted/Vaux design of, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9

Ramble in, see Ramble (Central Park)

Reservoir in, 5.1, 5.2

Strawberry Fields in

Wollman Rink in

Central Park Conservancy, prf.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 8.1

Chapel of the Good Shepherd

Chapin, James

Chapman, Frank

Chapman Hall of Birds

Charleston (Kreischerville), Staten Island

Chelsea (NYC neighborhood), 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5

Chelsea Market, 8.1, 8.2

Christmas Bird Count

Church of God, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5

cicadas, frw.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

City Hospital

Claremont Park,

Cleaves, Howard

climate change, 1.1, 3.1, 5.1, 5.2

Clinton, Hillary

Cloisters

Clove Lakes Park, 2.1, 2.2

Cock Hill Fort, 4.1, 4.2

Coler Hospital, 6.1, 6.2

Columbia University, 1.1, 2.1

Coming to Light (exhibition),

Community Board 1.1, 8.1, 8.2

Concepts of Independence

Congress, U.S., 3.1, 6.1, 6.2

Conrail, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5

Cooper, Chris

Corner, James, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6

Cretaceous period

Crooke, John J., 2.1, 2.2

Cross Bay Boulevard, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

Cross Bay Veterans Memorial Bridge, 3.1, 3.2

Crotona Park

Croton Aqueduct

Crystal Water Company

Cuomo, Mario

Danckaerts, Jasper, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1

Dauphine, La,

David, Joshua, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8

Davidson, Jo, 6.1

Davis, A. J.

Davis, William T., 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6

Days Afield on Staten Island (Davis),

Deadman’s Island (Burnt Island)

Demcker, Robert, 5.1, 5.2

Denton, Daniel

de Vries, David Pietersz

Dickens, Charles

DiCostanzo, Joe, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4

Diller, Barry

Diller, Elizabeth

Diller Scofidio + Renfro

Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.

Doctoroff, Daniel

Dubos, Jean

Dubos, René

Dutch settlers, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 6.2

Dutch West India Company

Dyckman, Jan

Dyckman Institute

Earth Day

East Asia

East River, 4.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 7.1

eBirdsNYC

eco-culture, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4

Economic Development Corporation

eco-restoration

Edgemere landfill

egrets, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 5.1, 7.1

Eibs Pond Park

Elgin Botanic Garden

Emerson, Haven

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 2.1, 2.2

Emerson, William

England, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2

environmentalism, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5

Environmental Protection Agency

Eychaner, Fred

Far Rockaway

fault zones

Feininger, Lyonel

Feller, Mike, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

Field Operations, see James Corner Field Operations

Finch, Spencer

Fishman, David

Fitzgerald, F. Scott

Flatbush, Brooklyn, 3.1, 3.2

Flatlands, Brooklyn

Flora of Richmond County, The (Britton and Hollick),

Floyd Bennett Field

Flushing, N.Y., 1.1, 5.1

Flushing Meadows, 3.1, 7.1

Follert, Madame

Fordham gneiss, 1.1, 1.2, 4.1, 4.2

Forests and Wetlands of New York City, The (Rogers), frw.1

Fort Amsterdam, 2.1, 4.1, 6.1

Fort George, 4.1, 4.2

Fort Tryon, 4.1, 4.2

Fort Tryon Park

Fort Washington, 4.1, 4.2

Fort Washington escarpment

Four Freedoms Foundation, 6.1, 6.2

Four Freedoms Park, prf.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, 6.1, 6.2

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, prf.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6

Fresh Kills (marshes and landfill), prf.1–xvi, 2.1, 2.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6

capping of, 7.1, 7.2

methane recapture system at, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5

Fresh Kills Creek

Freshkills Park, frw.1–xii, prf.1, prf.2–xvi, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, bm1.1

design competition for

eco-restoration of

goats at

long-term methodology of, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3

planned 9/11 memorial at

recreation facilities at

wetlands at

Freshkills Sneak Peek, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3

Friends of Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, 3.1, 3.2

Friends of the High Line, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7

Friends of the Staten Island Greenbelt, 2.1, 2.2

Furstenberg, Diane von, 8.1, 8.2

Galleria Vittorio Emmanuele (Milan)

Gansevoort Overlook, 8.1, 8.2

Gateway National Recreation Area, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 7.1

Gilded Age

Giuliani, Rudolph

glacial till, 1.1, 1.2

Goethals Bridge

golden ragwort, 5.1

Goldwater Hospital, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4

Google Maps

Gratacap, Louis Pope, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

Gravesend, Brooklyn

Great Britain, 2.1, 4.1, 6.1, 6.2

Great Depression, 5.1, 6.1

Great Gatsby, The (Fitzgerald),

Great Kills Park, frw.1–xii, 2.1, 2.2, 7.1

radioactive pollution at, frw.1, 2.1

Green-Wood Cemetery

Grenville orogeny

Griscom, Ludlow, 5.1, 5.2

Grote, Augustus

Gruen, Victor

Guardian of the Bay, 3.1

Hadid, Zaha

Half Moon, 2.1, 4.1

Halprin, Lawrence

Hammond, Robert, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7

Harbor Herons Shore Monitoring Program

Harlem Meer

Harlem River, prf.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

Harriman, Averell

Harris, Elisha

Hessians, 4.1, 4.2

High Line, 8.1, 8.2

nature’s reclaiming of, prf.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5

Sternfeld’s photographs of, 8.1, 8.2

High Line, The (Sternfeld), 8.1

High Line Park, prf.1, prf.2, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, bm1.1

community organizing for, 8.1, 8.2

Corner team’s design for, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5

design competition for

fund-raising for, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

gallery space at

ideas competition for

MoMA exhibition on

plantings at

High Rock (Girl Scout camp), 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

High Rock Nature Center, 2.1, 2.2

High Rock Park, frw.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, bm1.1

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell

Hollick, Arthur, 2.1, 2.2

Hopkins, Gerard Manley

Horenstein, Sidney, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5

horseshoe crabs, frw.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

horticulture, 1.1, 3.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 8.1, 8.2

Hosack, David

Hudson, Henry, 2.1, 4.1

Hudson River, 1.1n, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 6.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5

Hudson River Park

Hudson River School, 5.1, 5.2

Hudson Yards, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

Huguenots

Hunter Island

Hurricane Sandy, 3.1, 3.2n, 3.3

Huxtable, Ada Louise

Hyde Park, N.Y., 6.1, 6.2

igneous rocks, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 5.1

Indian artifacts

industrial aesthetic,

International Design Competition

Inwood

country homes in

deforestation of

geology of

Native American occupation of

Revolutionary War in

Inwood Hill, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

Inwood Hill Park, prf.1, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, bm1.1

birdlife of, 4.1, 4.2

the Clove in, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4

forest of, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5

Indian Cave in, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

wetland of, 4.1, 4.2

Inwood marble, 1.1, 1.2, 4.1, 4.2

Isham Park, 1.1, 4.1

Island House

Island Nobody Knows, The, 6.1

Jacob Riis Park

Jacobs, Jane, 2.1, 6.1, 6.2

Jamaica Bay, frw.1, prf.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 7.1, 7.2

Army Corps of Engineers and, 3.1, 3.2

Big Egg Marsh of

European settlement of

landfill projects in, 3.1, 3.2

Little Egg Marsh of, 3.1, 3.2

marsh erosion in, 3.1, 3.2

Moses and, 3.1, 3.2, 7.1

Native Americans and

pollution of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5

port project for

wetlands in, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4

Jamaica Bay Ecowatchers, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4

Jamaica Bay Research and Management Informantion Network

Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, bm1.1

birdlife of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7

James Corner Field Operations, frw.1, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2

Japan, 1.1, 4.1

Jefferson, Thomas

Jo Co Marsh, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

Johansen & Bhavnani, 6.1, 6.2

John F. Kennedy International Airport, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 6.1

Johnson, Herbert, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5

Johnson, Philip, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5

Juet, Robert, 2.1, 2.2

Kahn, Louis I., prf.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6

Kahn, Peter

Kallmann & McKinnell

Kalm, Peter, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

kayaking, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3

Kennedy, Robert

kettle-hole ponds, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4

Kieft, Willem

Kiley, Daniel

Kill Van Kull, 2.1, 2.2

Kissena Park

kite flying, 7.1, 7.2

Knyphausen, Wilhelm von

Krafft, John Charles Philip von, 4.1, 4.2

Kreischerville (Charleston), Staten Island

Kurz, Doug

Labadist colony

LaGuardia Airport

landscape architects, prf.1, 2.1, 5.1, 7.1, 8.1

LaTourette Park

Laurentia

Le Corbusier

Lenape Indians, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1

Leng, Charles

Le Nôtre, André

Lenten rose, 5.1

Lewis and Clark expedition

Lincoff, Gary, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4

Lincoln Memorial

Lindsay, John V., 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Linnaean Botanic Garden

Linnaean Society

Linnaeus, Carl

Logue, Ed, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Long Island, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 5.1, 6.1

Long Island City, Queens, 6.1, 6.2

Long Island Rail Road

Long Island Sound

Lovelace, Governor

Lower Paleozoic era

Magothy formation

malaria, 2.1, 4.1

Manclark, Elizabeth, 3.1, 3.2

Manhattan, N.Y.

birdlife of

geology of, 4.1, 4.2

waste disposal in

see also Central Park; High Line Park; Inwood Hill Park

Manhattan Beach Park

Manhattan schist, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 98, 5.4, 5.5

Manning, John

marshes, see wetlands

Mary Boone Gallery

Mellins, Thomas

Melyn, Cornelis

metamorphic rocks, 1.1, 5.1, 5.2

Metropolitan Hospital

Metropolitan Waterfront Alliance

Metropolitian Transportation Authority, 3.1, 6.1

Miller, Gifford

Minard, Sally

Minuit, Peter

Mitchell/Giurgola

Mitchell-Lama Housing Program

Moravian Cemetery

Moses, Robert, 4.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2

Central Park and

Jamaica Bay and, 3.1, 3.2, 7.1

parks seen as places of recreation by, prf.1–xv, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7.1

Staten Island and, prf.1, 2.1, 2.2

Moynihan, Daniel Patrick

Muir, John

Mundy, Dan, Jr., 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

Mundy, Dan, Sr., 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4

Museum of Modern Art

mushrooms, frw.1, 2.1

Nagel, Jane

Nagel family, 4.1, 4.2

Narrows strait, 1.1, 2.1, 7.1

National Endowment for the Humanities

National Park Service, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4

Native Americans, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1

Natural Resources Defense Council, 3.1, 3.2

nature

High Line reclaimed by, prf.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5

as intrinsic part of New York City, prf.1, prf.2, 1.1, 1.2, 5.1

regenerative power of, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 8.1

Romanticism and, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4

as source of inspiration and solace, prf.1, 2.1, 3.1

Navy, U.S.

Nearing, Guy

New Amsterdam, 2.1, 4.1

New Deal, 6.1

New Dorp, Staten Island

New England Journal of Medicine, The,

New Jersey, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3

New Netherland

New York, N.Y.

botanical evolution of

geology of, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2

municipal government of, 4.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

parkland map of, prf.1

urban development in

New York Botanical Garden, prf.1, 1.1, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2

New York Central Railroad

New York City Audubon Society, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4

New York City Board of Estimate

New York City Council

New York City Department of Buildings

New York City Department of Environmental Protection

New York City Department of Parks & Recreation, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 8.1

New York City Department of Sanitation, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3

New York City Environmental Fund

New York City Planning Commission, 7.1, 8.1

New York City Transit Authority

New York Department of State Division of Coastal Resources

New York Harbor, 2.1, 7.1

New York Mycological Society

New York 1960 (Stern, Mellins, and Fishman),

New-York Packet,

New York State, prf.1, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

New York State Legislature

New York Times,

New York Zoological Society

Nicaragua

Nicolls, Richard, 3.1, 6.1

Nipinisicken (Wickquasgeck village)

North America, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2

North American Mycological Society

North River

Norton, Edward

Nova Scotia, 2.1, 3.1

Old American Nursery

Olmsted, Frederick Law, frw.1, prf.1

Central Park and, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11

Staten Island and

orogenies, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 4.1

ospreys, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 7.1

Oudolf, Piet, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

Pace/MacGill Gallery

Palisades, 1.1n, 8.1

Palisades diabase

Paris, 1.1, 7.1, 8.1

parks

Moses’s recreation-oriented approach to, prf.1–xv, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7.1

restoration of, frw.1, prf.1

parkways

Parsons, Samuel, Jr. (grandson), 5.1, 5.2

Parsons, Samuel Bowne

Parsons Nursery, 1.1, 5.1

Pasquier, Roger

Pataki, George

Peach War (1655)

Peet, Louis Harman, 5.1, 5.2

Pelham Bay Park, prf.1, 1.1

Pennsylvania Station, 6.1, 8.1

Pentagram

Phillips de Pury & Company

phragmites, frw.1, 2.1, 3.1, 7.1, 7.2

Piranesi, Giovanni Battista

plate tectonics, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1

Pleistocene epoch, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1

Pollara, Gina, 6.1, 6.2

pollution, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5

Port Authority

Prince, Benjamin

Prince, William

Prince, William (son)

Prince’s Bay, 2.1, 2.2

Promenade Plantée, Paris

Prospect Park, frw.1, prf.1

Prospect Park Alliance,

Queens, N.Y., frw.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3n, 3.4, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3

Queensboro Bridge, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Queens County Supreme Court

Quinn, Christine

Rails to Trails

Ramble (Central Park), frw.1, prf.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11, 5.12, 5.13, bm1.1

Azalea Pond in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

Belvedere in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5

bird-watchers and, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

construction of

eco-culture in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4

flora of, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5

geology of, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

the Gill at, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5

invasive plants in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

the Point in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

Romantic aesthetic of, 5.1, 5.2

stone arch of, 5.1, 5.2

Vista Rock in, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4

Rapozo, Wilmer

Raritans

Raunt, 3.1, 3.2

Rechquaakie

Renwick, James, 6.1, 6.2

Report to the Staten Island Improvement Commission of a Preliminary Scheme of Improvements,

Richmond Creek

Richmondtown, Staten Island

Riepe, Don, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7

Riley, Terence

Rinne, Nathalie

River That Flows Both Ways, The (Finch),

Riviera (Central Park)

Rockaway Inlet

Rockaway Peninsula (Rockaways), 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6

Rockaway Waterfront Alliance

Rockefeller, Nelson, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Rockefeller Center

Roman Campagna

Romantics, Romanticism, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4

Roosevelt, Eleanor

Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5

Roosevelt Island, prf.1, prf.2, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, bm1.1

FDR Memorial at, see Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial

history of

hospitals on, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4

Johnson/Burgee plan for, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Octagon at, 6.1, 6.2

quality of life on, 6.1, 6.2

redevelopment proposals for

Rivercross on, 6.1, 6.2

Roosevelt Island Disabled Association

Roosevelt Island Garden Club

Roosevelt Island Historical Society

Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation (RIOC), 6.1, 6.2

Ross, Arthur

Rubin, Jane Gregory

Sadowski, Paul

St. George, Staten Island, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

Saint Virgilius Roman Catholic Church

Sandy Hook, N.J., 3.1n

Scher, Paula

Schumer, Charles

Scofidio, Ricardo

sedimentary rock

Seneca Village

Sert, Josep Lluís

Shakespeare, William

Sheeler, Charles

Shorakapok (Wickquasgeck village), 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4

Shore Parkway

Short Treatise on Horticulture, A (Prince),

Silence (Cage),

Silver Hole Marsh

Silver Lake Park

Skinner, Alanson, 2.1, 2.2

skunk cabbage, 2.1, 2.2

Sluyter, Peter, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

Smarr, Thomas

Smithsonian Institution

Snowy Egrets, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 7.1, 7.2

Snyder, Gary

South America, frw.1, 1.1n

South Brother Island

Southpoint Park, 5.1, 6.1

Spring Creek Park

Springville, Staten Island

Spuyten Duyvil, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

Stapleton, Staten Island, 2.1, 2.2

Staten Island, N.Y., frw.1, frw.2, frw.3–xii, prf.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 3.1n, bm1.1, bm1.2

aquifer of

birdlife of, 1.1, 2.1

botanical history of

European settlement of

Fresh Kills on, see Fresh Kills; Freshkills Park

geology of

Moses and, prf.1, 2.1, 2.2

Native American occupation of, 2.1, 2.2, 7.1

Olmsted and

South Shore of

suburbanization of, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 7.1

Thoreau and, 2.1, 2.2, 7.1

wetlands of, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 7.1

Staten Island Citizens Planning Committee

Staten Island Expressway

Staten Island Greenbelt

Stern, Robert A. M.

Sternfeld, Joel, 8.1, 8.2

Stevenson, Adlai

Stewart, Martha

Straus family

striped white violets, 5.1

Strong, George Templeton, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

sustainability, prf.1, 7.1

Taconic orogeny, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 4.1

Tartter, Vivien

Teale, Edwin Way

Thomas, William Sturgis

Thoreau, Helen

Thoreau, Henry David, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 7.1, 8.1

Tottenville, Staten Island, 2.1, 2.2

Towbin, Henry, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5

Trees and Shrubs of Central Park (Peet),

Tweed, Boss, 6.1, 6.2

Udalls Cove, 1.1

Umpire Rock, 1.1

Underwood, Lucien

United Nations, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4

Urban Development Corporation (Empire State Development Corporation), 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Van Cortlandt Park,

vanden Heuvel, William, 6.1, 6.2

van Twiller, Wouter

Vaux, Calvert, prf.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9

Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4

Verrazzano, Giovanni da, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

Viele, Egbert, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Washington, D.C.

Walking the High Line (Sternfeld),

Welfare Island, see Roosevelt Island

Welfare Island Development Corporation (WIDC), 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Welles, Orson

West Shore Expressway

wetlands, frw.1, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1

as waste disposal sites

Whiskey War (1643)

White, Shelby

White Plains, Battle of (1776)

Wickquasgeck

wild geranium, 5.1, 5.2

Wildlife Conservation Society

William T. Davis Wildlife Refuge, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6

Willowbrook Park

Wisconsin glacier, 1.1, 2.1

Wolfe’s Pond Park, 2.1, 2.2

Woodland Management Committee

Wordsworth, William

World’s Fair (1939; 1964)

World Trade Center, 6.1, 7.1

Yosemite National Park

Young Trailers, The series (Altsheler),