Index

Note: Illustrations and tables are indicated by page numbers in italics.

• AAPSO. See Afro-Asian Peoples Solidarity Organization (AAPSO)
• Aboites Aguilar, Luis, 87
• Afghanistan, 19, 120n20, 165–67, 266n21, 325
• African Americans: Haiti and, 204–6, 211–13; Wilsonian ideals and, 306
• Afro-Asian Latin American Peoples’ Solidarity Organization (OSPAAAL), 6, 155, 156, 159, 263
• Afro-Asian movement, 1–3, 113–14
• Afro-Asian Peoples Solidarity Organization (AAPSO), 113–14, 152, 155, 161, 164, 166, 262–63
• agriculture, 80, 138–40, 244, 297n55, 309
• Agüero, Carlos, 335n45
• Ahumada, Adolfo, 354
• Aja Castro, Ramon, 62
• Aleman, Miguel, 77
• Alencar, José Cochrane de, 31–32, 34–36
• Alessandri, Jorge, 286
• Alfaro, Ricardo J., 347
• Algeria, 120n20, 155, 190; Brazil and, 110; Chile and, 274–93, 299n76; Cuba and, 245; equidistance and, 164; nationalism in, 277; Third Worldism and, 94
• Algiers Charter, 320
• Alianza de Sociedades Locales Colectivas, 87
• Allende, Salvador, 2, 163, 274, 277, 286–87, 290–91, 293n1, 378, 398
• Alliance for Progress, 45, 53–54, 57, 60, 105, 130, 349
• Almeyda, Clodomiro, 298n69
• Alvarez, Alejandro, 305
• Amado, Jorge, 223–24, 226, 229
• Ampuero, Raúl, 279
• Anger-Egg, Ezequiel, 133
• Angola, 4, 110, 165, 255, 399
• Anti-Imperialist League, 205
• anti-Westernism, 116, 222, 226–35
• Arafat, Yasser, 2
• Arana Osorio, Carlos, 132, 135
• Araújo Castro, João Augusto, 110
• Árbenz, Jacobo, 124, 142n6
• Arévalo, Juan José, 129–30, 144n41
• Argentina, 3; automobile production in, 174–75, 178–79, 182; beryllium in, 182; Brazil and, 174–75; Chile and, 186; China and, 181, 184, 190–91; Coca-Cola in, 182; Communism in, 183–86; coup in, 176; Cuba and, 174–76; developmentalism in, 29; Dr. Spock in, 178; Egypt and, 192–93; foreign policy of, 180–85; Guatemala and, 181, 183–84; India and, 34; Korean War and, 181, 183; marginalization of, 179; Middle East and, 185; nationalism in, 4, 175–77, 193; Non-Aligned Movement and, 116, 176, 190; nuclear policy and, 186–91; as outside of Cold War framework, 174; Panama and, 354; Peru and, 189–90; South Africa and, 189–90; Soviet Union and, 36, 79, 177, 190–92; Syria and, 190–91; Third World and, 186–87; Turismo Carretera in, 178–79; UFO culture in, 179; United States and, 174–89; Vietnam and, 184–85
• Argentine Trade Promotion Institute (IAPI), 182
• Arguello Chamorro, Tomás, 371
• Arias, Arnulfo, 348
• Arias Calderón, Jaime, 354
• Armony, Ariel C., 179–80
• Asturias, Miguel Angel, 226
• Australia, 266n21
• Austria, 301
• automobile production, 174–75, 178–79, 182

• Bandung Conference, 3, 6, 106, 108, 222, 316. See also Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
• Barberis, Victor, 284
• Barrajón, Ángel, 367, 373–75, 378
• Batista, Fulgencio, 148
• Bay of Pigs invasion, 148, 152, 252
• Bazykin, Vladimir, 80–81, 83–85, 91
• Belaúnde, Fernando, 398
• Belgrade Conference, 37, 46, 66, 79, 94, 106–12, 112, 152, 155, 254–56, 304. See also Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
• Belize, 173n86, 211
• Bellegarde, Dantès, 203, 209–10
• Benavente, Saulo, 226
• Ben Bella, Ahmed, 9, 279, 284, 286, 289
• Benítez, Fernando, 231–32
• Benkhedda, Benyoussef, 280, 282
• Benton, Lauren, 3
• Berle, Adolf, 130, 313, 336n57
• beryllium, 182
• Betancourt, Rómulo, 250, 257
• Beteta, Ramón, 315
• Bevan, John, 378–79
• Bin Quej, Rogelio, 137
• Birla, B. M., 24
• Black, George, 375, 377–79
• Blackwood, James, 204
• Bockman, Johanna, 308, 341n126
• Bolívar, Simón, 351
• Bolivia: agriculture in, 297n55; aid to, from United States, 44, 51, 57; CIA and, 50, 58–60, 63–64; Communism in, 33–34, 44, 46, 48–55, 57–66, 160; Cuba and, 45, 48–57, 59, 61–62, 65–66; Czechoslovakia and, 45–48, 50, 53, 57–58, 62, 64–65; Guevara and, 160–61, 264; nationalism in, 33–34, 44, 47–49, 51, 64–66, 160; Non-Aligned Movement and, 54; nonalignment and, 48–54; Peru and, 45, 62–63; Soviet Union and, 60–61, 230–31; World Youth Festival and, 227
• Bolshevik Revolution, 162
• Borge, Tomás, 370
• Borno, Louis, 205, 209, 211
• Boumediene, Houari, 288–91
• Bouteflika, Abdel Aziz, 32, 2841
• Brandt, Willy, 380
• Brandt Commission Report, 301
• Brazil: Afro-Asianism and, 113–14; Argentina and, 174–75; Congress of Underdeveloped Countries and, 248–51; Cuba and, 113–14; Czechoslovakia and, 103; Eastern Europe and, 46; foreign policy of, 100; foreign policy of, after World War II, 18–19; foreign policy of, as independent, 103–5; foreign policy of, under Kubitschek, 29–30; Hungary and, 103; India and, 17, 19–37; nationalism in, 26–27, 36; Non-Aligned Movement and, 100–101, 103–12, 112, 114–17; Operação Pan Americana (Operation Pan America) and, 29–30, 35, 249–50; Poland and, 103; presidencies of, during Cold War, 17; Soviet Union and, 103; Third World and, 101–3; Yugoslavia and, 108–9
• Bretton Woods system, 301, 314–16, 326
• Brezhnev, Leonid, 161, 225, 235
• Briggs, Cecil, 204
• British Guiana, 255, 260–61
• Brizola, Leonel, 380
• Bunau-Varilla, Phillipe-Jean, 346
• Bunker, Ellsworth, 354
• Burke, Roland, 305–6
• Burma, 120n20, 266n21
• Burtin, Julianne, 357
• Bustamante, Alexander, 394
• Butler, T. U. B., 394
• Byrne, Jeffrey, 6, 94, 101, 276

• Cairo Conference, 46, 79, 104, 114–17, 151, 154–55, 252, 261–62. See also Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
• Cairo Declaration, 320
• Calle, La (newspaper), 48
• Calvimontes, Jorge, 50, 227
• Calvo, Carlos, 305
• Calvo doctrine, 308
• Cambodia, 120n20, 185, 266n21
• Canada, 90, 186–90, 193–94, 257
• Canal Ramírez, Gonzalo, 234–35
• Caputo, Dante, 192
• Carbajal, José, 379
• Carballido, Emilio, 227
• Cardenal, Ernesto, 370–71, 374, 377
• Cárdenas, Héctor, 96n6
• Cárdenas, Lázaro, 86–87, 92
• Carlson, Ingvar, 191
• Carlucci, Frank, 192
• Carranza, María Mercedes, 237
• Carranza, Venustiano, 309–10, 325
• Carranza doctrine, 308
• Carta Echeverría. See Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States
• Carter, Jimmy, 343, 345, 352, 360, 371, 373, 383–85
• Castañeda, Jorge, 222, 316, 320, 324
• Castañeda, Miguel, 378
• Castillero, Enoch, 358
• Castillo Armas, Carlos, 127–28
• Castro, Fidel, 2, 9, 148, 150–51, 153, 157–59, 163–65, 176, 263. See also Cuba
• Castro, Raúl, 263
• Catholicism, 232–35
• CCI. See Central Campesina Independiente (CCI, Independent Peasant Center)
• Central Campesina Independiente (CCI, Independent Peasant Center), 87
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA): Bolivia and, 50, 58–60, 63–64; Cuba and, 47, 269n67, 318; Guatemala and, 124, 127; Mexican-Soviet relations and, 81; Soviet Union and, 81
• Césaire, Aimé, 394
• Cestero, Tulio, 201–2, 207
• Ceylon, 30, 120n20, 243
• Chakravarti, Anaya, 17
• Chamorro, Pedro Joaquín, 371
• Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States, 301–3, 307–8, 312, 316, 318–26
• Chauvet, Ernest, 204
• Chevrolet Argentina, 174, 178–79
• Chiari, Roberto, 347
• Chile, 2, 34, 186, 227; agriculture in, 297n55; Algeria and, 274–93, 299n76; Arab community in, 278–79; Committee for the Self-Determination of Algeria, 278–81; Communism in, 378; coup in, 293n1; Cuba and, 284–85; Mexico and, 310–11; Nicaragua and, 378; Soviet Union and, 163, 287; Trotskyites and, 279–80
• China, 149; Argentina and, 181, 184, 190–91; Brazil and, 20, 26; Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States and, 321; Cuba and, 153, 155, 157, 164–65; Non-Aligned Movement and, 258; Soviet Union and, 6–7, 113
• Chirac, Jacques, 190
• Christiansen, Samantha, 293n6
• cinema, 357–58, 359
• Clarke, Ellis, 117
• CNC. See Confederación Nacional Campesina (CNC; National Confederation of Peasants)
• Coca-Cola, 182
• Colombia, 155, 162, 226, 233–34, 250, 345–46, 354
• colonialism, 253; Brazil and, 19, 28–31, 37, 110; Cuba and, 154, 161, 163–64, 248, 253, 255, 261; Mexico and, 318; Non-Aligned Movement and, 117; Panama and, 345; Puerto Rico and, 155; Soviet Union and, 81. See also neocolonialism
• Comarca Lagunera, 87
• Committee for the Self-Determination of Algeria, 278–81
• Communism: in Argentina, 183–86; in Bolivia, 33–34, 44, 46, 48–55, 57–66, 160; in Chile, 378; in Guatemala, 127; in India, 20, 26; Latin American, 155; Latin American perceptions of, 221; in Mexico, 91, 394; in Peru, 232. See also Marxism
• Communist Second World, 49
• Cóndor II rocket, 192–93
• Confederación General de Trabajo, 175
• Confederación Nacional Campesina (CNC; National Confederation of Peasants), 87
• Congo, 110, 115
• Congreso Anfictiónico de Panamá (Amphictyonic Congress of Panama), 351
• Congress of Underdeveloped Countries, 243, 246–52
• Connelly, Matthew, 369
• Conrad, Sebastian, 304
• Cortázar, Julio, 226, 372
• Cosse, Isabella, 178
• Costa Rica, 121n48, 173n86, 210, 225, 311, 331n21, 354, 373, 375, 379, 383–85
• Counterinsurgency (CI) Watch List, 61
• coup: in Argentina, 176; in Chile, 293n1; in Guatemala, 127; in Panama, 343, 348–50
• Crumb, Robert (R.), 178
• Cuadernos del Tercer Mundo (news network), 1
• Cuba: Afro-Asian Peoples Solidarity Organization and, 262–63; Algeria and, 284–85; Argentina and, 174–76; Bay of Pigs invasion in, 148, 152; Bolivia and, 45, 47–56, 59, 61–62, 65–66; Brazil and, 105, 113–14; Chile and, 284–85; China and, 149, 153; CIA and, 47, 269n67, 318; Congress of Underdeveloped Countries and, 243, 246–52; “export revolution” efforts by, 241; films from, 357; Guatemala and, 129; guerilla warfare and, 154; India and, 246–47; nationalism in, 252; Nicaragua and, 368, 370–71; Non-Aligned Movement and, 148–52, 155–57, 163–66, 242, 252–62, 397; Prague Spring and, 162; Soviet Union and, 149–54, 157–67, 227–28; Third World and, 150–51; United States and, 148–49, 242, 245–48, 255, 259–62, 269n67, 395; Venezuela and, 116, 162, 260–61; Vietnam and, 154
• Cuban Missile Crisis, 148, 154, 167, 257–59
• Cuban Revolution, 49, 53, 56–57, 75, 116, 129, 148, 150–51, 202
• Cuban-Soviet Institute, 227
• cultural agencies, universal, 354–60, 359
• Cunha, Paulo, 27
• Czechoslovakia, 33; Bolivia and, 45–48, 50, 53, 57–59, 62–65; Brazil and, 103; Guatemala and, 142n6; Mexico and, 87; Soviet Union and, 222, 225–26, 236

• Dahomey, 30
• Dalton, Roque, 232
• Damas, Léon, 394
• Dangond, Alberto, 233–34
• Danza inmóvil, La (Scorza), 232
• Danzós Palomino, Ramón, 87, 89
• Dávila, Jerry, 17
• Dawes Plan, 335n49
• de Castro, Josué, 244
• De Gaulle, Charles, 193
• Departamento de Expresiones Artística (DEXA, Department of Artistic Expression), 344–45, 354–57
• dependencia, 6
• desarrollismo, 6
• DESCOM. See Program of Community Development (DESCOM)
• D’Escoto, Miguel, 370–72
• developmentalism, 6, 10, 14n6, 29, 44, 66, 186, 302, 309, 318
• DEXA. See Departamento de Expresiones Artística (DEXA, Department of Artistic Expression)
• Díaz Ordaz, Gustavo, 317
• Dominican Republic, 201–2, 206–8, 210–12, 215n27, 395–96
• Dona, Pedro, 226
• Donoghue, Michael, 346, 349
• Dorticós, Osvaldo, 9, 111, 152, 162, 255, 260–61, 263, 269n67, 271n83, 272n100
• Drago doctrine, 308, 312
• Du Bois, W. E. B., 205
• Dulles, John Foster, 32
• Dumbarton Oaks, 316
• Dutra, Eurico Gaspar, 17–18

• Echeverría Álvarez, Luís, 2, 74, 93–94, 301, 318–19, 321, 323–24, 338n83, 340n101, 398
• ECLA. See Economic Commission on Latin America (ECLA)
• Economic Commission on Latin America (ECLA), 307, 317
• Ecuador, 46, 109, 111, 133, 135, 152, 157, 227, 250, 254, 321, 371, 398
• Egypt, 6, 120n20, 192–93, 251, 279, 352. See also Nasser, Gamal Abdel
• Eisenhower, Dwight D., 346
• Ejercito Revolucionario del Pueblo, 175
• Ejidal Bank, 88–90
• El-Sebai, Yousseff, 263
• entryism, 279
• equidistance, 107, 164–66, 184, 256, 259, 261
• Escobar Bethancourt, Rómulo, 354
• Espinosa de los Monteros, Antonio, 314–15
• Estrada Doctrine, 308, 333n36
• Ethiopia, 120n20, 210, 266n21
• European Common Market, 103
• Exchange Stabilization Fund, 314
• experiência democrática, 18

• Falcão, Idelfonso, 23–25, 27–29, 31–33, 41n38
• Fangio, Juan Manuel, 179
• Fanon, Frantz, 293n7, 394
• FAO. See Frente Amplio Opositor (FAO, Broad Opposition Front)
• Felitti, Karina, 178
• Fellman Velarde, José, 54–55
• FER-29. See Revolutionary Student Front (Frente Estudiantil Revolucionario, FER-29)
• fertilizers, 139–40
• Filho, João Café, 17–18
• film, 357–58, 359
• Filós-Hines Treaty, 346
• First World modernization theory, 124–26, 129–30
• Fletcher, Henry, 311, 335n47
• FLN. See Front de Libération Nationale (FLN, National Liberation Front)
• Fonseca, Carlos, 229–31
• food production, 80, 138–40, 244, 297n55, 309
• Ford, Gerald, 323–24
• Ford Argentina, 174, 178–79
• France, 110, 190, 194, 203, 231, 283, 324
• Frank, Andre Gunder, 222
• Frazão, Sérgio Armando, 117
• Frei, Eduardo, 288
• Frente Amplio Opositor (FAO, Broad Opposition Front), 373
• Frente Nacionalista, 251
• Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN, Sandinista National Liberation Front), 367–86, 376, 389n28. See also Nicaragua
• Freyre, Gilberto, 31, 110
• Frondizi, Arturo, 29, 36, 317
• Front de Libération Nationale (FLN, National Liberation Front), 277, 282, 290, 292
• FSLN. See Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN, Sandinista National Liberation Front)
• Fuentes, Carlos, 225–26, 230

• Gaddafi, Muammar, 2
• Gagarin, Yuri, 229
• Galarce, Alejandro A., 184
• Galich, Manuel, 183
• Gálvez, Oscar Alfredo, 179
• Gálvez, William, 247
• Gamboa, Alberto, 274
• Gandhi, Indira, 37, 191
• Gandhi, Mahatma, 19, 25
• García Espinosa, Julio, 357
• García Márquez, Gabriel, 225–27, 230, 372
• García Moritán, Roberto, 192
• García Robles, Alfonso, 339n88
• Garvey, Marcus, 208–9
• GATT. See General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
• GECU. See Grupo Experimental Cine Universitario (GECU)
• Gelman, Juan, 226
• General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), 316
• General Motors Argentina, 182
• Geography of Hunger, The (de Castro), 244
• German Democratic Republic, 30, 33, 103, 256
• Germany, Federal Republic of, 29, 324, 374–75, 377, 382–83, 385
• Getchell, Michelle, 76
• Getino, Octavio, 357
• Ghana, 6, 30, 54, 105, 120n20, 247, 251, 259, 263, 266n21
• Ghioldi, Rodolfo, 228
• Gilardi, Gilardo, 226
• Gilbert, Gregorio Urbano, 210–11
• Gil Gilbert, Enrique, 223
• Gilman, Nils, 341n122
• Global Cold War, The (Westad), 2–3
• Global South, 2–3, 6–7; anti-imperialism and, 67; imaginary, 6–7; Panama and, 350, 352–54, 357; Soviet Union and, 164; as term, 293n6; Third Worldism and, 6; United States and, 124. See also Third World
• Goa, 17, 23, 26–28, 31–32, 38
• Gobat, Michel, 395
• Godoy, Carlos, 379
• Godoy, Luis, 379
• Goebel, Michael, 213
• Gonzales, José Luis, 223
• González, Felipe, 380
• González Gálvez, Sergio, 320
• Gonzaléz Revilla, Nicolás, 354
• González Rostgaard, Alfredo, 156
• Goulart, João, 38, 100–101, 113
• Gouvernement Provisionel de la République Algérienne (GPRA; Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic), 280
• Governing the World: The History of an Idea (Mazower), 305
• GPRA. See Gouvernement Provisionel de la République Algérienne (GPRA; Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic)
• Grandin, Greg, 306
• Greece, 191, 246
• “Green Revolution,” 138
• Grimaud, Nicole, 291
• Gromyko, A., 83
• Gromyko, Andrei, 161
• Grotowski, Jerzy, 356
• Group of 77 (G-77), 118, 163, 241, 260, 271n92, 308, 324
• Group of Six, 191–92
• Group of Twelve, 372, 380–81, 389n28
• Grupo Experimental Cine Universitario (GECU), 354–55, 357–60, 359
• Guatemala: Argentina and, 181, 183–84; CIA and, 124, 127; coup in, 127; Cuba and, 129; Czechoslovakia and, 142n6; development in, 125–40; freedom fighters and, Communist support of, 155; human development indicators in, 123; Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario and, 49; MR-13 and, 129–30; Non-Aligned Movement and, 127–28; Program of Community Development (DESCOM) in, 131–40; Tactic community in, 126, 135–39; United States and, 396
• guerilla warfare, 154, 318
• Guevara, Ernesto “Che,” 1, 8–9, 112, 150–51, 154, 157, 160–66, 243–44, 264, 307
• Guillén, Nicolás, 223–24, 226
• Guinea, 30, 120n20, 247, 251, 255, 266n21
• Gumucio, Alfonso, 59
• Gutiérrez, Joaquín, 225
• Guyana, 253, 321, 352, 394, 398

• Haiti, 155, 201–13, 395
• Hale, Charles, 119n11
• Harding, Warren G., 310
• Havana Conference, 165, 250, 307
• Hay, John, 346
• Haya de la Torre, Víctor, 224, 232
• Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty, 343, 346
• Hellman, Lillian, 178
• Herédia, Jaime, 27
• Hill, Robert C., 176
• histoire croisée, 275
• Hodges, Donald Clark, 388n15
• Hofgren, Daniel, 349
• Holanda, Nestor de, 235
• Honduras, 155, 211
• Hoover, Herbert, 211
• Hudicourt, Pierre, 210
• Hughes, Charles Evans, 205, 212
• Hughes, Langston, 204, 207
• Hull-Alfaro Treaty, 346
• Hungary: Brazil and, 30, 103; Soviet Union and, 222, 224–25, 229–30, 236
• Hunton, Addie, 204
• Hurston, Zora Neale, 204

• IAB. See Inter-American Bank (IAB)
• IAPI. See Argentine Trade Promotion Institute (IAPI)
• Ibáñez del Camp, Carlos, 279
• ICWDR. See International Council of Women of the Darker Races (ICWDR)
• IDB. See Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
• illiteracy, 80, 123, 131, 229, 237
• IMF. See International Monetary Fund (IMF)
• import substitution, 75, 77, 316–17, 398, 400n15
• India, 5–6, 54; Brazil and, 17, 19–37; Communism in, 20, 26; Cuba and, 246–47; equidistance and, 164; Non-Aligned Movement and, 269n63; nuclear explosion in, 188–89; overpopulation in, 21–22; Third Worldism in, 94
• Indonesia, 30, 54, 105, 120n20, 151, 266n21
• In From the Cold: Latin America’s New Encounter with the Cold War (Joseph & Spenser, eds.), 3, 179
• Ingersoll, Robert, 324
• Inman, Samuel Guy, 334n45
• Inter-American Bank (IAB), 312–14, 316, 326, 337n68
• Inter-American Conference, 183, 302, 310–12
• Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), 51, 317
• Inter-American Peace Force, 158
• Inter-American Rio Treaty, 36
• Inter-American System, 30, 46, 48, 55, 104–5, 107, 112, 114, 116–17, 157, 242
• Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, 18, 31–32, 183
• International Council of Women of the Darker Races (ICWDR), 204
• International Institute for Rural Reconstruction, 134
• Internationalism in the Age of Nationalism (Sluga), 305
• International League of the Darker Peoples, 204
• International Monetary Fund (IMF), 49, 314–15, 317, 321, 325, 340n104
• International Trade Organization (ITO), 315–16
• Iran, 135, 266n21
• Iraq, 243, 266n21
• Ireland, 266n21
• Israel, 184, 353, 361, 381. See also Palestine
• ITO. See International Trade Organization (ITO)
• Ivory Coast, 30, 247

• Jaén Suarez, Omar, 343–44
• Jamaica, 116–17, 154, 394, 398
• James, C. L. R., 394
• Jansen, G. H., 120n20, 253
• Jaudel, Pierre, 335n49
• Johnson, James Weldon, 205–6
• Johnson, Lyndon, 160, 348
• Jolibois Fils, Joseph, 210
• Jordan, 266n21
• Joseph, Gilbert M., 179
• Junta de Gobierno de Reconstrucción Nacional (Junta of National Reconstruction), 381

• Karque, Luis, 299n71
• Kazakhstan, 124, 227–29, 236
• Kelley, Robin, 213
• Kelsey, Carl, 203
• Kennan, George F., 108, 148–49
• Kennedy, John F., 45, 53–54, 57, 61, 108, 257–58, 349
• Keynes, John Maynard, 314, 335n49
• Khachaturian, Aram, 227
• Khrushchev, Nikita, 73, 128, 152–53, 224–25, 227–30, 252, 257–58
• Kissinger, Henry, 322–25, 353
• Klein & Saks (consulting firm), 128
• Korean War, 18, 79, 181, 183–84
• Kosygin, Alexei, 158, 160
• Krasner, Stephen, 332n35
• Kreisky, Bruno, 301
• Kubitschek, Juscelino, 17, 29–37, 102, 249–50, 317, 398
• Kutejščikova, Vera, 225

• Lafer, Horacio, 248
• Laleau, Léon, 204
• Laos, 120n20, 185, 253, 266n21
• Lara, Jesús, 230–31
• Last Utopia, The (Moyn), 304
• Latin American Conference for National Sovereignty, Economic Emancipation and Peace, 113
• Latin American Free Trade Association, 78, 317
• Latin Americanization, 102, 179
• Latin American Solidarity Organization (OLAS), 159–60, 252
• League of Nations, 18, 209, 303, 305, 309–10, 331n21, 333n35, 334n45, 396
• Lebanon, 120n20, 278
• Lechuga, Carlos, 247, 250
• Léger, Georges, 204
• Lenin, Vladimir, 235
• León, Carlos Augusto, 226
• Liberia, 266n21
• Libya, 4, 164, 266n21
• Linowitz, Sol, 354
• literacy, 18, 21, 80, 123, 131, 208, 229, 237
• Loaeza, Soledad, 77
• Logan, Rayford, 212–13
• Long, Tom, 343
• Lopérfido, Dario, 178
• López, Carlos, 139
• López Herrate, Mariano, 136–37
• López Mateos, Adolfo, 29, 73, 76, 77–80, 83–85, 93, 95
• López Michaelson, Alfonso, 354
• López Portillo, José, 301

• Magaelhães, Juracy, 115
• Magloire, Clément, 204
• Malay Federation, 266n21
• Malaysia, 30
• Malenbaum, Wilfred, 134
• Mali, 109, 120n20, 256, 262
• Malraux, André, 281
• Mancisidor, José, 223
• Mandela, Nelson, 2
• Manela, Erez, 303, 306
• Mao Zedong, 153
• Marchesi, Aldo, 3
• Márquez Sterling, Manuel, 334n45
• Marrero, Leví, 247–48, 250
• Marshall, George, 396
• Marshall, Napoleon, 204
• Marshall Plan, 29, 319
• Martínez, José de Jesús, 356–57
• Martinique, 293n7, 394
• Marxism, 12, 44, 55, 61–62, 149, 163, 221, 230–31, 262, 263, 282, 368, 370, 384, 388n15. See also Communism
• Masani, Minocher Rustom, 19
• Mauritania, 30
• Maw, Carlyle, 323
• Maximilian Alliance, 87
• Mazower, Mark, 305, 330n18, 331n19–331n20
• McPherson, Alan, 363n15
• Medina Silva, Pedro, 263
• Mello Franco, Caio de, 20–21
• Melo Franco, Afrânio de, 111
• Méndez Montenegro, Julio, 132, 144n41
• Méndez Montenegro, Mario, 144n34
• Mendoza Berrueto, Eliseo, 339n88
• Menon, Krishna, 27–28
• “Mexican miracle,” 77
• Mexican Revolution, 44, 302, 309, 325, 327
• Mexico: Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States and, 302–3, 320–26; Chile and, 310–11; Communism in, 91, 394; Congress of Underdeveloped Countries and, 250; developmentalism in, 29, 77–78; diversification in, 77–80; foreign relations of, 79; import substitution in, 77; India and, 21; Indian diplomatic offices in, 33; Inter-American Bank and, 312–14; international order and, 308–9; nationalism in, 333n39; nationalization of economy in, 78; nationalization of petroleum industry in, 308; New International Economic Order and, 301–4, 322–23, 326–27; Nicaragua and, 373; Soviet Union and, 73–74, 76, 77–95; Third Worldism and, 74–75; United States and, 80–81, 310–11, 317–18, 323–25; World Youth Festival and, 227
• Mi diario en la Unión Soviética. Un conservador en la U.R.S.S. (Dangond), 234
• Mikoyan, Anastas, 73, 76, 77, 81–82, 84, 227–28
• Mirault, Joseph, 204
• Mitterand, François, 380
• MLN. See Movimiento de Liberación Nacional (MLN; National Liberation Movement)
• MNR. See Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR, Revolutionary Nationalist Movement)
• Monjardín, Federico, 185
• Monje, Mario, 62, 160
• Monroe Doctrine, 3, 254, 310
• Morales, Numa, 379
• Moreira Salles, Walther, 36
• Morel, Efrain, 228
• Morgenthau, Henry, 313
• Morocco, 4, 30, 246, 259, 280, 286
• Moton, Robert, 204, 207
• Moton Commission, 211
• Movimento Popular de Liberação de Angola (People’s Movement for the Liberation of Angola), 399
• Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria (MIR, Revolutionary Left Movement), 378
• Movimiento de Liberación Nacional (MLN; National Liberation Movement), 87, 91
• Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR, Revolutionary Nationalist Movement), 44, 46, 48–55, 57–66, 230–31
• Movimiento Rebelde 13 de Noviembre (MR-13), 129–30
• Moyn, Samuel, 304
• MR-13. See Movimiento Rebelde 13 de Noviembre (MR-13)
• Muñoz Cota, José, 223
• Muñoz Ledo, Porfirio, 319, 339n88

• NAACP. See National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
• Nagy, Imre, 239n17
• NAM. See Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
• Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 106, 108, 151, 193–94, 251, 258, 296n40, 352
• National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 205–6, 212–13
• nationalism: in Algeria, 277, 291; anti-colonial, 306; in Argentina, 4, 175–77, 193; in Bolivia, 33–34, 44, 47–49, 51, 64–66, 160; in Brazil, 26–27, 36; in Cuba, 252; decolonization and, 327; in Iran, 124; in Mexico, 333n39; in Panama, 345, 349, 356; and Third World concept, 3
• NATO. See North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
• négritude, 203, 210, 213
• Nehru, Jawaharlal, 5, 27–28, 34–35, 54, 108, 269n63, 352
• Nemours, Alfred, 204
• neocolonialism, 6, 66, 117, 253, 255, 261, 276, 296n41
• Neptune, H. Reuben, 332n29
• Neruda, Pablo, 223, 229
• Netherlands, 374–75, 376, 377, 384
• New International Economic Order (NIEO), 2, 301–4, 306–7, 311, 322–23, 326–27
• New Zealand, 266n21
• Nguyen, Lien-Hang, 369
• Nguyen Van Tien, 263
• Nicaragua: Canada and, 193; Chile and, 378; Cuba and, 368, 370–71; European Community and, 381; Gilbert in, 211; Haiti and, 212; Sandinista National Liberation Front and, 367–86, 376, 389n28; social democrats and, 380–82; Somoza dynasty in, 367–69, 371; Soviet Union and, 230, 371; United States and, 212, 371, 373, 383–86
• Nicaragua Komitee Nederland (NKN, Dutch Nicaragua Committee), 375, 376, 377
• Nicaraguan Revolution, 368–69
• Nicaragüense on Moscú, Un (Fonseca), 230
• NIEO. See New International Economic Order (NIEO)
• Nieto Caballero, Agustín, 233, 235
• Niger, 30
• Nigeria, 30
• Nixon, Richard, 29, 349
• NKN. See Nicaragua Komitee Nederland (NKN, Dutch Nicaragua Committee)
• Nkrumah, Kwame, 54, 110, 113, 251, 296n41, 352
• noirisme, 203–4
• Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), 1–2, 6, 8, 46–47; Argentina and, 116, 176, 190; Bolivia and, 54; Brazil and, 100–101, 103–12, 112, 114–17; China and, 258; Cuba and, 148–52, 155–57, 163–66, 242, 252–62, 397; Cuban Missile Crisis and, 259; Guatemala and, 127–28; India and, 269n63; Panama and, 350, 352–53
• nonalignment, meaning of, 106–7
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 103, 107, 193–94
• North-South Summit on Cooperation and Development, 301
• NPT. See Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
• Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), 187–88
• nuclear policy, 186–91
• Nueva Canción (New Song) movement, 379

• OAS. See Organization of American States (OAS)
• Objeto Volador No Identificado (OVNI), 179
• Obregón, Álvaro, 310–11
• Oduber, Daniel, 380–81
• Ogle, Vanessa, 307, 326
• oil embargo, in 1970s, 301, 322
• OLAS. See Latin American Solidarity Organization (OLAS)
• Oliver, María Rosa, 225–26
• OPEC. See Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
• Operação Pan Americana (Operation Pan America), 29–30, 35, 249–50
• Operación Manuel, 47
• Operación Matraca, 62–63, 65
• Operación Panamericana, 182, 250
• Operación Soberanía, 346
• Organization of American States (OAS), 105, 396; Bolivia and, 55, 57; Brazil and, 30; Cuba and, 115, 154, 157–58, 174, 260–61, 272n100; Non-Aligned Movement and, 259; Panama and, 347–48, 353–54
• Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 301, 307, 322
• Ornstein, Roberto M., 191
• Orona, Arturo, 88
• Ortega, Daniel, 370
• OSPAAAL. See Afro-Asian Latin American Peoples’ Solidarity Organization (OSPAAAL)
• OVNI. See Objeto Volador No Identificado (OVNI)
• Owen, David, 377

• Pablo, Michel, 279
• Pakistan, 19, 21, 31, 123, 135, 186, 243
• Palestine, 184, 261, 278. See also Israel
• Palme, Olof, 191, 380
• Pan-Africanism, 201–2, 205–6, 208, 212–13
• Panama: Colombia and, 345–46, 354; coup in, 343, 348–50; Departamento de Expresiones Artística (DEXA, Department of Artistic Expression) in, 344–45, 354–57; Grupo Experimental Cine Universitario (GECU) in, 354–55, 357–60, 359; Havana Conference and, 250; nationalism in, 345, 349, 356; Nicaragua and, 373; Non-Aligned Movement and, 350, 352–53; Organization of American States and, 347–48, 353–54; Puerto Rico and, 353–54; Tercer Mundo and, 4; Third Worldism and, 344–45, 350–54; Torrijismo in, 349; Tricontinental Conference and, 157; United States and, 349–52; university cultural agencies and, 354–60, 359; Venezuela and, 351
• Panama Canal: crisis, 345–48; plebiscite, 360–61; United States and, 343, 347–48, 353–54
• Panama Canal Commission, 360
• Panama Canal Zone, 343, 346
• Panama Flag Riots, 347–48
• Pan-Americanism, 49, 55–56, 305
• Pan-American Union, 131, 133, 145n51, 302, 305, 310, 325, 331n19, 331n23, 335n45, 396
• Pan-Arabism, 279, 281, 290
• Pani, Alberto J., 311, 326
• Paraguay, 155, 228, 247, 331n21
• Parsons, Anthony, 384
• Partido Agrario Laborista (Agrarian Labor Party), 279
• Partido Comunista de Bolivia (PCB, Communist Party of Bolivia), 55, 64
• Partido Comunista de México (PCM, Communist Party of Mexico), 91
• Partido de Indios Aymaras y Keswas (PIAK), 232
• Partido Indio de Bolivia (PIB), 232
• Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI, Institutional Revolutionary Party), 75, 80
• Pasternak, Boris, 224, 229
• Pastora, Edén, 371
• Patriotic Union (UP), 205, 209–10
• Paz, Octavio, 223
• Paz Estenssoro, Víctor, 49–50, 52–55, 57–66
• PCB. See Partido Comunista de Bolivia (PCB, Communist Party of Bolivia)
• PCM. See Partido Comunista de México (PCM, Communist Party of Mexico)
• Peace Corps, 144n34
• Peña Gomez, José Francisco, 380
• penicillin, 182
• Peralta Azurdia, Enrique, 129–31
• Percy, Charles, 323–24
• Perera, Mena, Arturo, 92, 95
• Pérez, Carlos Andrés, 354, 380–81
• Perón, Juan Domingo, 3, 174–75, 177, 181, 193, 354
• Peronism, 107, 175, 180–81, 185
• Perovic, Leposava Lep, 8
• Peru: Argentinian nuclear reactor in, 189–90; Bolivia and, 45, 62–63; Communism in, 232; development in, 131
• Petriccioli, Gustavo, 339n88
• pharmaceuticals, 182
• Philippines, 79, 130–31, 134–35, 266n21, 341n110
• Philosophy of the Revolution (Nasser), 296n40
• PIAK. See Partido de Indios Aymaras y Keswas (PIAK)
• PIB. See Partido Indio de Bolivia (PIB)
• Pinochet, Augusto, 293n1
• Pinto, Luis Bastian, 35
• Pio Correa, Manoel, 248–49
• Poland, 30, 33, 87, 103
• Portugal, 17, 23, 26, 28, 35, 103, 110, 380
• Povic, Konstantin Koca, 8
• Prado, Abelardo Bueno do, 21
• Prague Spring, 162, 224
• Prashad, Vijay, 5–6, 241
• Prebisch, Raúl, 307
• Prestes, Luis Carlos, 29
• PRI. See Partido Comunista de Bolivia (PCB, Communist Party of Bolivia)
• Price-Mars, Jean, 203
• Programa de Metas (Targets Plan), 29
• Program of Community Development (DESCOM), 131–40
• propaganda, 47, 49, 83, 111, 113, 157–58, 186, 229, 246, 248, 256, 355, 357, 361, 384
• Puerto Rico, 155, 253, 255, 260–61, 347, 352–54
• Puig Casauranc, José Manuel, 312, 326, 335n49

• Quadros, Jânio, 1, 30, 38, 102–3, 106, 108–9, 111, 112, 113, 251

• Rabasa, Emilio, 322–25
• race: in Brazil, 31, 110; in Dominican occupation, 207; in Haitian occupation, 202–3, 206, 212. See also whites
• racial solidarity, 101, 201, 206–7
• racism: of American occupiers, 202–3, 207–8; in Brazil, 21; Cuba and, 255; development and, 134; in Dominican Republic, 210–11; of empire, 202
• Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli, 28
• Ramírez, Sergio, 370–72
• Randolph, A. Philip, 204
• Reagan, Ronald, 301, 386
• Reinaga, Fausto, 230–32
• Republican Party, 206, 209, 309
• Revolución Libertadora, 185
• Revolutionary Student Front (Frente Estudiantil Revolucionario, FER-29), 361
• Revueltas, José, 223–24, 239n17
• Rivera, Diego, 223–25
• Rivera, Pedro, 357–58
• Roa, Raúl, 56–57, 109, 161, 244–45, 248, 250, 253–55, 260–62, 263, 268n56
• Roa Kouri, Raúl, 244
• Rocha, Gauber, 357
• Rodrigues Valle, Henrique, 119n7
• Rodríguez Adame, Julián, 90–91
• Rogers, William, 349
• Roosevelt, Franklin D., 311
• Roumer, Émile, 203
• Roy, M. N., 394
• Rubottom, Roy, 84, 95, 245–46, 249
• Ruda, José María, 185
• Rumie, Tawfik, 299n71
• Rumié Vera, Omar, 279
• Rupprecht, Tobias, 46, 76
• Rusk, Dean, 158
• Russell, John, 202

• Salum, Marco Antonio, 279, 289–90, 298n69, 299n71
• Sánchez Azcona, Juan, 334n41
• Sandinistas. See Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN, Sandinista National Liberation Front)
• Sandino, Augusto, 211
• Sannon, Pauléus, 209
• Santa Cruz, Hernán, 307, 320
• Saudi Arabia, 120n20, 259, 398
• Sauvy, Alfred, 3–4
• Scali, John, 324
• Scarlett, Zachary A., 293n6
• Schlesinger, Arthur, 59
• Schmidt, Helmut, 385
• Schmidt Cuadra, Enrique, 375
• School of the Americas, 349
• Schulz, Hermann, 375
• Schwebel, Stephen, 323
• Scolari, Carlos, 178
• Scorza, Manuel, 2332
• Scott, William, 204, 211
• Second Vatican Council, 235
• Selcher, Wayne Alan, 18
• Senegal, 30, 231
• Serrano, Miguel, 34
• Serviço Nacional de Informações (SNI, National Intelligence Service) (Brazil), 115
• Shakespeare, John, 382
• Shani, Varun, 17
• Shelnov, A., 82
• SI. See Socialist International (SI)
• Sihanouk, Norodom, 185
• Siles Zuazo, Hernán, 49, 230–31
• Silva Gonçalves, Williams da, 17
• Sinán, Rogelio, 356
• Siqueiros, David, 223, 225
• Sluga, Glenda, 305
• social democrats, 368, 377, 380–82, 387
• Socialist International (SI), 368, 380, 386–87
• Sociedade Brasileira de Amigos da Índia (Brazilian Society of Friends of India), 22
• Solanas, Fernando, 357
• Soler, Eugenio, 246–47
• solidarity, 101, 201, 206–7, 373–80, 376
• Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, 225
• Somoza Debayle, Luis, 367–69, 371, 381, 383, 385
• Sosa, Jesualdo, 223
• South Africa, 110, 189–90, 255
• Souza Dantas, Rodolfo de, 40n30, 110
• Soviet-Latin American Friendship Society, 227
• Soviet Union, 6–7; Afghanistan and, 165–66; Algeria and, 283; Argentina and, 79, 177, 190–92; Bolivia and, 60–61, 230–31; Brazil and, 103; Chile and, 163, 287; China and, 6–7, 113; CIA and, 81; Cuba and, 149–54, 157–67, 227–28; Czechoslovakia and, 222, 225–26, 236; Guevara and, 160–61; Hungary and, 222, 224–25, 229–30, 236; Latin American cultural figures in, 227–28; Latin American fascination with, 223–25; Latin American travelogues with, 228–29; Mexico and, 73–74, 76, 77–95; Nicaragua and, 371; Organization of American States and, 158; Prague Spring and, 162; Spaniards in, 227; Stalin and, 223–24; Third Worldism and, 222, 226–32, 236–37. See also Khrushchev, Nikita
• Spain, 29, 53, 231, 374–75, 380
• Spangenberg, Guillermo R., 181
• Spanish Civil War, 227
• Spenser, Daniela, 179
• Spingarn, Arthur, 204
• Spock, Benjamin, 178
• Squibb Argentina, 182
• Stalin, Joseph, 223–24
• “States’ Rights against Private Capital” (Ogle), 307
• Storey, Moorfield, 205
• Suárez, Eduardo, 315
• Sudan, 120n20, 266n21, 352
• Suez Canal, 193, 279, 352
• Sukarno, 30, 54, 74, 151, 251
• Sweden, 110, 191, 380
• Sylvain, Georges, 205
• Syria, 184, 190–91, 193, 278

• Tack, Juan Antonio, 349, 351, 354
• Tactic, Guatemala, 126, 135–39
• Tagore, Rabindranath, 19, 22
• Tanzania, 4, 164, 191, 307
• Teceristas, 370–72
• Tello, Manuel, 77, 85–86
• tercermundismo. See Third Worldism
• Tercer Mundo (magazine), 1–2, 4–5
• Tettegah, John, 263
• Thailand, 30, 134–35, 266n21
• Thant, U, 184–85, 351
• theatre, 356–57
• “Third Force,” 5
• Third World: Argentina and, 186–87; Brazil and, 101–3; Cuba and, 150–51, 157; First World modernization theory and, 125; Latin America as left out of scholarship on, 304–6; origin of term, 3–5; positive connotation of, 274; as term, 293n6. See also Global South
• Third Worldism, 2–3; in Algeria, 274; in Bolivia, 45, 55; defined, 6; Mexico and, 74–75; Panama and, 344–45, 350–54; Soviet Union and, 222, 226–32, 236–37
• Thoby, Perceval, 205, 209
• Tibet, 20
• Tikhomirov, K. D., 88–89, 91
• Tito, Josep Broz, 8, 54, 106, 108, 251, 258
• Titov, German, 229
• Toledano, Vicente, 223
• Torrijismo, 349, 351, 354–55, 357–58, 362
• Torrijos Herrera, Omar, 2, 343–45, 349–54, 360–61, 380–81
• Touré, Sékou, 251
• Towards a Poor Theatre (Grotowski), 356
• transnationalization, 179–80
• “Transnationalizing the Dirty War: Argentina in Central America” (Armony), 179–80
• Trashumantes theatrical troupe, 356–57
• Tratado Interamericano de Assistência Recíproca (Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance), 18
• travelogues, 228
• Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean, 187
• Trejo y Lerdo de Tejada, Carlos, 311, 325, 334n45, 335n46
• Triana, Jorge Alí, 357
• Tricontinental, 6, 263
• Tricontinental Conference, 155, 156, 157–59, 252, 262, 263, 284
• Trinidad and Tobago, 116–17, 154, 394, 398
• Trotsky, Leon, 223
• Trotskyites, 279–80
• Trujillo, Rafael, 213
• Tunisia, 30, 120n20, 246, 266n21, 286
• Turismo Carretera, 178–79
• Turkel, Harry, 84–85, 95
• Tuskegee Institute, 203–4

• UFO. See Unidentified Flying Object (UFO)
• UGEMA. See General Union of Muslim Students of Algeria); Union Générale des Étudiants Musulmans Algériens (UGEMA)
• UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), 2, 6, 100, 116, 118, 160–61, 241, 290–91, 302, 307–8, 321
• UNIA. See United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)
• Unidad Popular (UP), 274, 277, 280, 290
• Unidentified Flying Object (UFO), 179
• Unión Cívica Radical Party, 186
• Union Générale des Étudiants Musulmans Algériens (UGEMA; General Union of Muslim Students of Algeria), 280–81
• United Arab Republic, 106, 117, 287
• United Fruit Company, 127
• United Kingdom: Argentina and, 192; Bolivia and, 48–49; Cuba and, 242; Haiti and, 210; Mexico and, 314; Nicaragua and, 371, 375, 377, 379, 381–84
• United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), 201, 208–9
• United States: Argentina and, 174–89; Bolivian aid from, 44, 51, 57; Brazilian aid from, 26, 33; Brazilian foreign policy and, 18, 30; Congress of Underdeveloped Countries and, 246–52; Cuba and, 148–49, 242, 245–48, 255, 259–62, 269n67, 395; Guatemalan aid from, 132–33; Haiti and, 201–5, 207–13; Indian relations with, 25–26; Inter-American Bank and, 313–14; Mexico and, 80–81, 310–11, 317–18, 323–25; Nicaragua and, 312, 371, 373, 383–86; Panama Canal and, 343, 346–48, 353–54; Panamanian coup and, 349–52; Republican Party in, 206, 209, 309. See also Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
• United States Agency for International Development (USAID), 51–53, 57–59, 63–65, 124, 132–33
• Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 320
• Universal Postal Union, 305
• university cultural agencies, 354–60, 359
• Upper Volta, 30
• Urquidi, Víctor, 315, 317
• Urrutia, Praxedes, 227
• Uruguay, 116, 154, 223, 259, 311, 331n21, 345, 398
• USAID. See United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
• U.S. Army School of the Americas, 349
• Uzbekistan. El espejo (Ghioldi), 228

• Valcárcel, Gustavo, 221, 228–29, 231, 236
• Varela, Alfredo, 223
• Vargas, Getúlio, 17–19, 23
• Vargas Llosa, Mario, 225
• Vásquez Robles, Emilio, 135–36
• Vazquez Cisneros, Pedro, 87–88
• Velasco Alvarado, Juan, 2, 287–89
• Velasco Letelier, Eugenio, 287, 298n62
• Venezuela: attack on Nixon in, 29; Congress of Underdeveloped Countries and, 250; Cuba and, 116, 162, 260–61; India and, 42n64; Nicaragua and, 373; Non-Aligned Movement and, 155; Panama and, 351; World Youth Festival and, 226
• Vera, Pedro Jorge, 225
• Videla, Jorge Rafael, 1
• Vietnam, 30, 51, 154, 157, 162, 165, 184–85, 260, 290–91, 398
• Vietnam War, 115, 350
• Vignes, Alberto, 174–76
• Villafañe, Javier, 226
• Villard, Garrison, 210
• Villaseñor, Eduardo, 312–13
• Villaseñor, Víctor Manuel, 223
• Vincent, Sténio, 207, 209
• Vitalis, Robert, 6, 118n3
• Vitolo, Alfredo Roque, 185
• Von Eschen, Penny, 213
• Vrhovec, Josip, 165

• Walker, Madam C. J., 204
• Wallner, Woodruff, 36
• Warsaw Pact, 107, 151, 166, 258
• Washington, Margaret Murray, 204
• Wasserman, Mark, 179
• Wellinga, Klaas, 375, 378
• Westad, Odd Arne, 2–3, 75
• Westerman, George W., 347
• White, Harry Dexter, 313–14
• whites: in Algeria, 283; in Brazil, 110, 113; in Dominican Republic, 207; in Haitian occupation, 202–3, 205–6, 212; Latin American elites as, 102, 231, 394
• Williams, Tennessee, 178
• Wilson, Woodrow, 205, 207, 209–10, 309–10, 334n42
• Wilsonian Moment, The (Manela), 306
• World Bank, 307, 314–15, 317
• World Youth Festival (Soviet Union, 1957), 226–27, 230–31
• Worsley, Peter, 5
• Wretched of the Earth, The (Fanon), 293n7

• Ydígoras Fuentes, Miguel, 128–29
• Yemen, 266n21
• Yen, Y. C. James, 134
• Yom Kippur War, 353
• Yugoslavia, 6, 54, 106–9, 113, 164, 166, 251

• Zannier, Víctor, 62
• Zevada, Ricardo J., 84
• Zhou Enlai, 321
• Zimmerman, Andrew, 213
• Zourek, Michal, 46