Index

Abbott, Greg 189

Advancement Project 71, 170, 238n7

AFL-CIO 192

Alexander, Michelle 50–2, 142, 229, 237n41, 248n8, 249n28, 250n37

Alvarado, Daniel 66

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) 14, 63, 138, 165, 179, 208–10, 213, 217, 234n47, 234n54, 239n26, 239n28, 254n10, 254n20, 257n26, 257n28, 258n29, 258n35, 258n37

American Federation of Teachers 71–2, 240n51

American Friends Service Committee 209

American Immigration Council 188, 255n35

American Legion 206

American Indian Movement 49

American Party 176

American Protective League 206

Americans with Disabilities Act 63, 147

Anslinger, Harry 132

Anthracite Coal Strike 40

Apuzzo, Matt, 213, 229, 258n43

Asset forfeiture 25, 135–6

Bacon, David 256n46

Balko, Radley 135, 229, 231n11, 232n28, 248n14,

Banfield, Edward 5–6, 232n13

Baum, Dan 248n9

Bayley, David 32, 235n1

Beck, Charlie 159, 169–70

Becker, Howard 248n7

Beckett, Katherine 92–3, 229, 243n2, 245n2

Belafonte, Harry 55

Belenko, Steven 248n5

Bernal, Joe 236n28

Bernstein, Elizabeth 247n21

Biasotti, Michael 87

Bittner, Egon 76–7, 241n2

Black Lives Matter 55, 208, 218, 226

Black Panthers 49

Black Youth Project 154–5, 225, 259n2

Blackmon, Douglas 237n35

Body cameras 17, 22, 23–4, 188, 222

Boone, Levi 38

Boyd, James 94

Bracero Program 177, 191–2

Bratton, William 4, 15, 169

Broeker, Galen 235n7

Broken Windows Theory 5–7, 13, 22, 51, 53, 56, 60, 93–4, 97, 148, 168, 184, 222

Brooklyn College 213

Brown, David 27–8

Brown, Michael 11, 18, 216

Bush, George W. 22, 59–60, 123, 180, 219

Butler, Smedley 42

Calavita, Kitty 253n4

Calderon, Felipe 144

Cantu, Aaron 236n26

Carrigan, William 43, 236n5

Center for Court Innovation 101, 146, 250n48

Center for Media and Democracy 210

Central Intelligence Agency 49, 144

Coal and Iron Police 40

Colorado Campaign for Middle East Peace 209

Cox, Mike 43, 236n24

Charleston City Guard and Watch 46

Chartists 36

Children’s Defense Fund 62

Chinese Exclusion Act 176

Clear, Todd 252n27

Clinton, Bill 51, 61, 129, 134, 179–80, 194

Coates, Ta-Nehisi 155, 251n63

Columbine school shooting 57

Comey, James 15

Community policing 16–17, 22, 222

Congress for Racial Equality (CORE) 49

Counter Intelligence Program (COINTELPRO) 202, 206–7

Crabapple, Molly 120, 247n20

Crawford, John 1, 10

Critical Resistance 165

Cruz, Alvin 2

Csete, Joanne 248n13

Cure Violence 174

Currie, Elliott 171, 229, 253n24

Czitrom, Daniel 229, 236n17

Daley, Robert 248n17

Dashboard cameras 22–3

de Blasio, Bill 4

Death penalty 28

Decriminalization of drugs 134, 145, 148–50; of sex work 109, 118–19, 124–8

Denver Peace and Justice Committee 209

Dewey, Susan 125, 229, 245n1, 247n23

DiIulio, John 56

Domanick, Joe 159, 229, 252n5, 253n21

Donner, Frank 203, 257n21

Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE) 67, 151

Drug courts 145–8

Drug Enforcement Agency 49, 130, 134, 137, 178

Drug Policy Alliance 148, 250n47, 251n55, 251n57, 251n60

Dukakis, Michael 51

Dunn, Robert 257n16

Elliot, Samuel 37

Empower Chiang Mai 122–3, 247n22

Engle, Byron 50

Evans, Rob 256n11

Fagan, Jeffrey 249n29

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 15, 49, 123, 137–8, 157, 178, 188, 201–3, 205–6, 209, 211–12

Ferdaus, Rezwan 212

Ferguson, Missouri 2, 11, 15, 18–20, 22, 215–217

Focused Deterrence 167–8

Food and Drug Administration 130

Fortner, Michael 172, 253n26

Fosdick, Raymond Blaine 236n12

Friedman, Barry 24, 229, 234n52

Friedman, Milton 5

Fuentes, Annette 59, 64, 229, 238n11, 239n31

Fusion centers 210–11

Geller, Amanda 249n29

Gage, Beverly 257n14

Gang databases 164–165; injunctions 163–5

Garcia, Ramon 189

Garriot, William 154, 229, 248n2

Garner, Eric 1, 4–5, 7

Garwood, Jesse 42

Gates, Daryl 158, 169

Gates, Henry Louis 3

General Trade Union 37

German, Michael 258n35, 258n37

Gilje, Paul 235n11

Glenn, Brendon 95

Glick, Brian 257n20

Global AIDS Act 123

Goldman, Adam 213, 229, 258n43

Goldman, Emma 202

Gottschalk, Marie 255n26

Grandin, Greg 256n49

Graham, Ramarley 141–2

Graham v. Conner 19, 234n43

Grant, Melissa Gira 246n4

Grant, Oscar 1

Greene, Judith 254n13, 259n2

Greenwald, Glenn 212, 251n59, 258n41

Gurley, Akai 1

Hadden, Sally 237n31

Halstead Act 129, 131

Handschu v City of New York 207

Hari, Johann 132, 229, 248n6

Harm reduction 127–8, 150–2

Harris, David 234n47

Harris, Eric 1

Harris, Jason 1

Harrison, Jason 77

Hayes, Chris 27, 235n58

Herbert, Steve 16, 92–3, 229, 234n41, 243n1, 245n2

Hernandez, Kelly 177, 229, 253n3

Hernandez-Rojas, Anastasio 188

Herrnstein, Richard 6, 232n15

Hill, Anthony 1

Holiday, Billie 132

Homeless courts 101–2

Homestead strike 204

Hoover, J. Edgar 201–2, 205

Housing First 103–4

Howell, Babe 166, 252n17

Hoyt, Edwin Palmer 257n15

Human Rights Watch 212, 250n42, 258n42

Human Trafficking Intervention Court 120–1

Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigration Responsibility Act 180, 183–4, 189

Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) 178, 182–5

Immigration and Naturalization Service 180

Immigration Movement International 196, 256n50

Immigration Restriction League 176

Implicit bias 7–8, 24, 68

Independent prosecutors 17–20

International Workers of the World (IWW) 205

Jacobins 36

Jaun Crow 44

Jim Crow 33, 47–8, 225

John schools 118–19

Johnson, Benjamin 236n27

Johnson, Hank 217

Johnson, Lyndon 14

Joint Terrorism Task Forces (JTTF) 208–10

Jones, Reece 194, 230, 256n45

Justice League 55

Justice Reinvestment 224

Justice Strategies 147, 254n13, 259n2

Karp, David 252n27

Katz, Jack 253n20

Katzenbach report 14

Kelling, George 5, 231n12

Kempadoo, Kamala 246n5

Kennedy, David 167, 173, 252n19, 253n29

Kerner Commission 14, 50

Keunang, Charly Leundeu 95

King, Martin Luther 203, 206

King, Rodney 21, 159, 188

Klein, Malcolm 156, 230, 252n3

Klein, Naomi 256n3

Knapp Commission 117

Kohn, Alfi 70

Koval, Mike 87–8

Kraska, Peter 234n55

Ku Klux Klan 48

Kuzmarov, Jeremy 42, 236n22

Lager beer riots 38

Laker, Barbara 230, 248n16

Lambert, Bob 200

Lane, Roger 235n10

Latimer massacre 40

Law Enforcement against Prohibition 140

Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion 85–6

Law Enforcement Intelligence Unit 205

Leahy, Patrick 179

Legalization of alcohol 222; of drugs 152–3, 222; of gambling 222; of sex work 124, 222

Leone, Peter 74–5, 241n58

Levine, Harry 248n5, 250n41

Lewis, Paul 256n11

Lind, Dara 237n17

London Metropolitan Police 34–5, 36, 45, 199–200

Longmire, Sylvia 255n42

Lopez, Derek 66

Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) 93–5, 137, 158–9, 169–70

Luddites 36

Mather, F. C. 235n9

Markey, Edward 187

Martinez, Oscar 145, 250n44

Mayer, Matthew 74–5, 241n58

McCarthyism 203

McCoy, Alfred 144, 230, 236n19, 250n43

Mejia, Daniel 248n13

Memphis Model 83–4

Menchaca, Martha 179, 254n8

Mental Health Courts 85–6

Mental Health Liaison Officers 79–80

Miller, Todd 187, 230, 255n31

Million Hoodies Movement for Justice 217

Mitrani, Sam 38, 230, 236n13

Mollen Commission 137

Monkkonen, Eric 236n15

Moskos, Peter 137, 230, 232n21, 249n30

Movement for Black Lives 225, 259n4

Muñiz, Ana 165, 230, 252n15

Murakawa, Naomi 33, 230, 235n3

Murray, Charles 6, 232n17

Musto, David 248n5

NAACP 138

National Alliance on Mental Illness 80

National Association of School Resource Officers 64, 68

National Education Association 72

National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty 91–2, 243n1

National Origins Act 176

Naxalites 198

Nelson, Libby 237n17

Neocleous, Mark 34, 235n6

Nevins, Joseph 230, 253n2

New York Civil Liberties Union 208, 213, 251n58, 258n44

New Zealand Prostitution Law Review Committee 127

New York Police Department (NYPD) 1, 4, 7, 13, 15, 29, 37, 39, 70, 78, 83, 106, 112, 137, 141–2, 165–6, 169, 183, 207–8, 212–14

Nixon, Richard 133–4

No Child Left Behind 58, 60

Nordic Model 118–19

North American Free Trade Agreement 195

Obama, Barack 3, 13–14, 69, 183, 186–8, 217

Occupy Phoenix 211

Occupy Wall Street 211, 218

O’Neil, Paul 23

Operation Ceasefire 167–8

Operation Crew Cut 165–6

Operation Gatekeeper 179–80

Operation Streamline 181

Operation Stonegarden 189–90

Operation Underground Railroad 122

Operation Wetback 177–8

Palley, Elizabeth 253n30

Palmer Raids 202–3, 219

Peña, Albert 236n28

Parenti, Christian 51, 237n39

Partnership for Civil Justice 211

Patten, Ryan 139, 230

Paul, Ron 210

Peel, Robert 35

Pennsylvania State Federation of Labor 236n20

Pennsylvania State Police 40–2

Pérez, Rafael 159–60

Perry, Rick 189

Peterloo massacre 35–6

Pew Charitable Trusts 145, 250n45

Phillips, Susan 164, 230, 252n14

Pinkertons 40, 204

Poitras, Laura 187

Police accountability 17–24; athletic leagues 16, 172; corruption 116–17, 137–8, 159–60, 222; diversity 11–13; legitimacy 16, 22, 26, 68; militarization 25, 64, 215–17; training 4–11, 81–4, 222; use of force 1–4, 9–11, 12, 13, 15, 17–20, 25–6, 65–6, 77–9, 89, 94–5, 188

Police Executive Research Forum 211

Police Officer Standards and Training (POST) 8

Political policing 23, 36–42, 48–50, 197–220

Posse Comitatus Act 189

Powell, Kajieme 77

President’s Task Force on Twenty-First-Century Policing 13–14, 69, 233n34

Procedural Justice 13–15, 27

Project Griffin 200

Quinn, Kevin 68, 240n46

Racial profiling 2, 21–2

Rampart scandal 137, 159–60

Read, Donald 235n8

Reagan, Nancy 134

Reagan, Ronald 129, 134, 196

Red light districts 109–10, 126–27

Reid, Harry 126

Reiman, Jeffrey 51–2, 252n7

Reinarman, Craig 248n5

Rentboy 112

Restorative justice 71–2, 173, 224

Reyes, Augustina 237n10

Reznicek, Michael 153, 251n61

Rice, Connie 170, 253n22

Rice, Tamir 1

Rios, Victor 163, 230, 252n12

Rocky Mountain Independent Media Center 209

Rowe, Thomas 248n11

Ruderman, Wendy 230, 248n16

Sadler, Spencer J. 236n18

Safe Cities Initiative 93–4

Salvador, Nicholas 78

Samora, Julian 236n28

Schirmer, Jennifer 256n2

Schmoke, Kurt 139–40

Seigel, Micol 237n37

Serpico, Frank 39

Sex offender registries 28

Sex trafficking 113–15, 123–4

Sex Workers Project 120, 247n17

Scott, Walter 1, 23

sediciosos 44

Sessions, Jeff 22

Shdaimah, Corey 253n30

Siegel, Frederick 6, 232n14

Silver, Allan 35, 235n5

Simon, Jonathan 51, 53, 237n40

Siraj, Shahawar Martin 212

Slager, Michael 1

Slave patrols 45–7

Slavery 45–7, 132, 225

Smithsimon, Greg 235n57

Snowden, Edward 187, 212

Southern Border Communities Coalition 188, 255n33

Southern Poverty Law Center 62, 65, 238n21

Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) 3, 11, 14, 25–6, 50, 135, 157

Spergel, Irving 166–7

St. Germain, Tonia 229, 258n35, 258n37

Stanley, William 256n1

Stead, Philip 256n7

Stuart, Forrest 94, 230, 243n3

Stoughton, Seth 9, 232n22, 240n44

Subramanian, K. S. 256n5

Swartz, Lonnie 188

Tea Party 218

Teach for America 60

Texas Rangers 43–5

Thernstrom, Abigail 237n12

Thernstrom, Stephen 237n12

Three Strikes laws 28, 61, 134

Thurau, Lisa 69, 240n48

Tiger, Rebecca 146, 230, 251n50

Trafficking Victims Protection Act 123

Treatment Advocacy Center 77, 241n4, 242n15

Trump, Donald 22, 178, 181, 183–4, 190–2, 217

UN Human Rights Committee 99

US Border Patrol 176–81, 185, 187–9, 194

US Conference of Mayors 140

US Department of Education 61–2, 67

US Department of Homeland Security 25, 178, 185, 188

US Department of Justice 15, 20–2, 98, 188, 193, 201

US Office of Public Safety 49–50

US v Brignoni–Ponce 179

Vera Institute of Justice 88, 193, 242n19, 243n25, 256n44

Vitale, Alex S. 234n51, 243n3, 244n7, 245n27, 259n48

Vitale, Joseph 147–8

Vollmer, August 39, 42

Wade, Richard 46–7, 237n32

Wald, Johanna 69, 240n48

War on Crime 27, 50

War on Drugs 3, 13, 22, 27, 53, 129–55, 185, 195, 222, 226

War on Terror 3, 25, 27, 187, 201, 211–12

Watt, Peter 250n43, 256n48

Watts riot 32

Way, Lori Beth 139, 230

Webb, Clive 43, 236n25

Webb, Walter 45, 237n29

Weitzer, Ronald 247n19

Westmoreland Coal Strike 41

Wolf, Naomi 211

Working Man’s Party 37

Williams, Alexander “Clubber” 39

Williams, Kristian 34, 230, 235n6

Wilson, Darren 18, 216–17

Wilson, James Q. 5–6, 56, 231n12, 232n15, 238n4

Wilson, O. W. 42

Youth Justice Coalition, LA 170

Zambrano-Montes, Antonio 1

Zepeda, Roberto 250n43, 256n48

Zero tolerance 57, 59, 61, 67, 69, 74, 181