Index

A note about the index: The pages referenced in this index refer to the page numbers in the print edition. Clicking on a page number will take you to the ebook location that corresponds to the beginning of that page in the print edition. For a comprehensive list of locations of any word or phrase, use your reading system’s search function.

• Abbey, George, 245
• abortion, 31
• Abrams, Stacey, 147
• Abzug, Bella, 352, 355
• actors, 285–96
• Adams, Abigail, 43, 46–47
• Adams, John, 36, 40–43, 46–47
• African Americans
  • Black Lives Matter movement and, 2, 193, 276
  • civil rights movement and, see civil rights movement
  • in Civil War, 109, 112
  • Declaration of Independence and, 27, 36, 43–46, 181, 193
  • Jim Crow laws and, 2, 7, 27, 75, 142, 145, 146, 366
  • “separate but equal” and, 146
  • slavery and, see slavery
  • voting rights for, 7, 144–46, 148, 156, 165, 171, 172, 174, 182, 189–92
  • women’s suffrage and, 168, 171
• Agassi, Andre, 311
• AIDS, 319, 349
• Albright, Madeleine, 395
  • on being an immigrant, 371–79
• Aldrin, Buzz, 245–48, 258
• Alger, Horatio, 13
• Allen, Danielle S., 395–96
  • on the Declaration of Independence, 35–47
• Allen, Paul, 221
• al-Qaeda, 66
• Alzheimer’s disease, 268
• Amazon, 225, 226
• America, naming of, 22, 23
• American colonies, 24–25, 38, 39, 50–52, 197
• American Dream, 13, 14
• American Experiment, 1–2, 6, 13–15, 341
• American genes, 2, 6–13, 15
  • American Dream, 13
  • capitalism and entrepreneurship, 11
  • civilian control of the military and peaceful transfer of power, 10
  • culture, 12–13
  • democracy, 6–7
  • diversity, 12
  • equality, 8
  • freedom of religion, 9
  • freedom of speech, 8–9
  • immigration, 11–12
  • rule of law, 9–10
  • separation of powers, 10
  • voting, 7
  • see also specific subjects
• American government, three branches of, 10, 280
• American history, Lepore on, 19–34
• American Psychiatric Association, 347, 353
• American Revolution, 24–25, 30, 40, 95, 96, 103–5, 114, 128
• André, Maurice, 278
• Andreessen, Marc, 223, 224
• Anthony, Aaron, 152, 153
• Anthony, Susan B., 166, 168, 172, 174
  • “Women’s Rights to the Suffrage,” 339
• Apple, 221, 224, 226
• Arlington National Cemetery, 111–12
• Armitage, David, 47
• Armstrong, Louis, 281–82
• Armstrong, Neil, 241, 245–48, 255
• art, 297–306
• Ashe, Arthur, 309, 318
• Assing, Ottilie, 159–60
• atheism, 58
• Auld, Hugh, 152
• Auld, Sophia, 152
• Auld, Thomas, 152–54, 158
• automobiles, 202, 206, 208, 212
• Bailey, Harriet, 152
• Baker, Howard, 183
• Baldwin, James, 149
• Baltimore, George Calvert, Lord, 52
• bankruptcy, 27–28
• Baptists, 55
• Barr, Juliana, 92
• baseball, 322–37
• Basie, Count, 284
• Beethoven, Ludwig van, 282
• Belafonte, Harry, 296
• Bell, Alexander Graham, 233
• Bell Labs, 219
• Benioff, Marc, 353
• Berners-Lee, Tim, 208, 223
• Bernstein, Carl, 62, 69–71
• Beschloss, Michael, 396
  • on the presidential election of 2020, 74–83
• Bezos, Jeff, 63, 214, 225
• Biden, Joe, 144–45, 258, 260
  • COVID-19 pandemic and, 6
  • inauguration speech of, 143
  • Trump’s contesting of election win by, 3–5, 9–10, 74–76, 78, 80, 82
• Black Lives Matter, 2, 193, 276
• Blacks, see African Americans
• Blight, David W., 396–97
  • on Frederick Douglass, 150–66
• Blow, Charles, 146–47
• Bolger, Ray, 294
• Bonner, Bobby, 328
• Borg, Björn, 311
• Boston Tea Party, 39
• Bradford, Mark, 397
  • on the visual arts, 297–306
• Bradlee, Ben, 64, 67, 68, 70, 71
• Bradley, Bill, 314
• Brando, Marlon, 286, 294–95
• Brattain, Walter, 219
• Brekus, Catherine, 397–98
  • on religious freedom, 48–60
• Breyer, Stephen, 385
• Brin, Sergey, 214, 219
• Brinkley, Douglas, 398
  • on the moon race, 243–58
• Brown, John, 160–62
• Brown v. Board of Education, 185
• Bryan, William Jennings, 201
• Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 372, 378
• Buchanan, Pat, 349
• Buffett, Warren, 202
• Bundy, McGeorge, 254
• Burch, Dean, 72
• Burns, Ken, 398–99
  • on the Vietnam War, 114–26
• Bush, George H. W., 31
• Bush, George W., 66
  • in 2000 election, 77–78
• Bush, Vannevar, 208, 216
• cancer, 267–68
• Cansino, Paco, 290
• capitalism, 11, 23
  • Srinivasan on, 197–212
• Capitol attack of 2021, 4–5, 74, 75, 80–82
• Carmichael, Stokely, 188, 192, 193
• Carnegie, Andrew, 202
• Carter, Jimmy, 56, 348–49, 372
• Case, Steve, 225–26
• Casey, Bill, 65
• Catt, Carrie Chapman, 168, 171
• Celler, Emanuel, 357, 367
• cemeteries, national, 109–12
• Chaffee, Roger, 247
• checks and balances, 10
• China, 211–12, 226
• Chinese Exclusion Act, 359–60
• citizenship, 358–59, 384
  • test, 407–25
• civics and civic education, 380–92
• Civil Rights Acts
  • of 1866, 142
  • of 1875, 143
  • of 1964, 342, 352
  • of 1968, 352
• Civil Rights Cases, 143
• civil rights movement, 2, 142, 148–49, 150, 256, 295–96, 348
  • Meacham on, 181–93
• Civil War, 2, 3, 12, 27, 75, 98, 128, 141, 142, 161–62, 172, 202, 204, 205, 305
  • African American soldiers in, 109, 112
  • Faust on death and, 103–14
  • Native Americans and, 98
• Civil War, The, 114
• Clark, Jim, 191
• Clinton, Bill, 149, 260, 350, 371, 378, 379, 380, 388
• Clyburn, Jim, 145
• Cold War, 209, 365, 367
• Collins, Francis S., 399
  • on the Human Genome Project and scientific research, 259–69
• Collins, Michael, 248
• Collins, Pete, 316
• Colson, Charles, 72
• Columbus, Christopher, 21–23, 32, 87, 89, 90, 92
• communism, 11, 197, 211–12
• Compromise of 1850, 160, 203
• Compromise of 1877, 27, 144
• computers, 209, 213, 216–22, 224, 254–55
• Confederacy, 27, 142, 149
• Congress, 4, 10
• Connally, John, 190
• Connors, Jimmy, 311
• conservatism, 30, 33
• Constitution, 11, 19, 36, 37, 41, 43, 121, 167, 169, 181, 319, 346
  • immigration and, 358, 359, 371
  • Native Americans and, 88, 95
  • rule of law and, 9
  • separation of powers and, 10
• Constitutional amendments, 177, 280, 283
  • Bill of Rights, 49, 55, 61, 167
  • First, 8–9, 49, 55, 58, 61–73
  • Thirteenth, 141, 163
  • Fourteenth, 142, 143, 174
  • Fifteenth, 7, 142–44, 146, 165–66, 172, 174
  • Sixteenth, 207
  • Seventeenth, 6
  • Nineteenth, 7, 168, 169, 172, 175–80
• Constitutional Convention, 1, 8, 10, 15, 37, 95
• Continental Congress, 25, 35–37, 39, 40, 43, 45–46
• Cooper, Gordon, 257
• Cortés, Hernan, 96
• Costanza, Midge, 348–49
• cotton, 200, 205
• cotton gin, 200
• Court, Margaret, 316
• Covey, Edward, 153–54
• COVID-19 pandemic, 2–3, 5–6, 14, 83, 104, 260, 274, 275, 283
• Crawford, Joan, 288
• Crazy Horse, 100
• Crick, Francis, 259
• Cronkite, Walter, 121
• Cruz, Ted, 4
• Cuban Missile Crisis, 29
• culture, 12–13
• Custer, George Armstrong, 99–100
• Daniels, John T., 235
• Daughters of Bilitis, 345, 354
• Davis, Jefferson, 191
• Davis, Miles, 277
• death, 103–13
• Declaration of Independence, 8, 11, 17, 19, 21, 25–27, 95, 167
  • African Americans and, 27, 36, 43–46, 181, 193
  • Allen on, 35–47
• de Gaulle, Charles, 117
• Deists, 53, 55
• Deloria, Philip J., 399–400
  • on Native American history, 87–102
• democracy, 3–7, 15, 25, 47, 80–83, 361, 385
• Democratic National Convention, 190
• Democrats, 4, 33
• Devil You Know, The (Blow), 146–47
• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 346–47
• Diem, Ngo Dinh, 118–19
• digital revolution, 219–20
• Dillehay, Tom, 91
• DiMaggio, Joe, 325
• Dirksen, Everett, 122
• diversity, 12
• DNA, 259, 261, 264, 265, 268
• Doolittle, Jimmy, 136
• Doudna, Jennifer, 214
• Douglas, Stephen, 27
• Douglass, Anna Murray, 155, 157, 159, 164–65
• Douglass, Frederick, 27
  • Blight on, 150–66
  • name of, 157–58
  • “What to the slave is the Fourth of July?,” 139
• Douglass, Helen Pitts, 165
• Downie, Len, 64
• drones, 212
• Du Bois, W. E. B., 148
• Dunlap, John, 44–45
• Dyer, Mary, 51
• Eastland, James, 366–67
• e-commerce, 225
• economy, 27–28
• Edison, Sweets, 284
• Edison, Thomas, 207
• Edmund Pettus Bridge, 182, 183, 189–92
• Ehrlichman, John, 248
• Einstein, Albert, 214, 215
• Eisenhower, Dwight D., 29, 76, 149, 256
  • space program and, 243, 248, 252
  • Vietnam and, 62, 117, 118
• Electoral College, 3, 4, 6, 9, 75, 144
• electricity, 207
• Eliot, John, 54
• Ellington, Duke, 282
• Ellsberg, Daniel, 62, 67–68
• Emancipation Proclamation, 109, 145, 161
• Enlightenment, 26, 53, 56
• entrepreneurship, 11, 197, 198, 218
• equality, 8, 26, 27
• Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), 30–32, 319
• Erie Canal, 203
• Evers, Medgar, 191
• Evert, Chris, 310, 311
• executive branch, 10
• Facebook, 226
• Faderman, Lillian, 400
  • on gay rights, 341–55
• Faubus, Orval, 143, 149
• Fauci, Anthony, 260
• Faust, Drew Gilpin, 400–401
  • on death and the Civil War, 103–13
• Federer, Roger, 311
• Floyd, George, 193
• Ford, Gerald, 118, 125, 371
• Ford, Henry, 201–2, 208
• foreign policy decision, 29
• Founding Fathers, 6, 8, 14, 15
• Franklin, Benjamin, 1, 36, 41, 42, 214, 215, 238, 358
• Frederick Douglass (Blight), 151
• Freedom Rides, 181, 188–89
• Freedom Summer, 144, 189
• Freeland, William, 154
• French and Indian War, 24, 38, 94–95
• From the Earth to the Moon (Verne), 249
• Gable, Clark, 292
• Gagarin, Yuri, 243, 252, 253
• Gaines, Charles, 304
• Gallatin, Albert, 203
• Gandhi, Mahatma, 186
• Garland, Judy, 287
• Garrison, William Lloyd, 156
• Gates, Bill, 202, 214, 221–22, 225
• Gates, Henry Louis, Jr., 401
  • on Reconstruction, 141–49
• Gay Liberation Front, 354
• gay rights, 2, 341–55
• Gehrig, Lou, 323–26
• George III, King, 6, 26, 35, 38–40, 45
• Georgia, 7, 147
• Gettysburg Address, 27, 85, 109, 110, 127
• Ghost Dance, 100
• Gibbons v. Ogden, 203
• Gibson, Althea, 309
• Gillespie, Dizzy, 282
• Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, 380
• Gittings, Barbara, 347
• Glenn, John, 243
• Goddard, Robert, 249
• Goldwater, Barry, 31, 119, 190
• Goodwin, Doris Kearns, 271
• Google, 219, 226
• Gordon, Leonard, 286
• Gore, Al
  • Internet and, 222, 225
  • in 2000 election, 77–78
• Gorsuch, Neil, 352
• Grady, Bill, 293
• Graham, Billy, 59–60
• Graham, Donald E., 401–2
  • on the First Amendment and freedom of the press, 61–73
• Graham, Katharine, 62–65, 68–71
• Graham, Philip, 63
• Grant, Ulysses S., 108, 144
• Great Depression, 2
• Great Migration, 146, 147
• Great Panic of 1873, 144
• Griffey, Ken, Jr., 333
• Griffiths, Julia, 159
• Grissom, Gus, 247
• Hamilton, Alexander, 202–4
• Hancock, John, 45
• Harlow, Bryce, 248
• Harpers Ferry, 160–61
• Harris, Kamala, 3
• Harrison, William Henry, 99
• Harris Poll, 13–14
  • results of, 427–37
• Hart, Phil, 367
• Hart-Celler Immigration and Nationality Act, 357, 367–68
• Hawley, Josh, 4
• Hayes, Rutherford B., 78, 151, 164
• Hayworth, Rita, 290
• health care, 14
• Hearst, William Randolph, 59
• heart disease, 267
• Helms, Jesse, 349
• Henderson, Rick, 330
• Hicks, Angie, 353
• Hillel, 130
• Hillsman, Roger, 118
• Hirshhorn Museum, 298, 305
• Hirt, Al, 277
• Hitler, Adolf, 250
• Ho Chi Minh, 118
• Hollerith, Herman, 209
• Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr., 108
• Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Sr., 108
• Holocaust, 367
  • Jewish refugees from, 363–66
• Hooker, Evelyn, 347
• Hopper, Grace, 222
• House Un-American Activities Committee, 345
• Howard, Otis, 145
• Howe, Julia Ward, 168
• Hudson, Rock, 288, 349
• Human Genome Project, 259–62
• Humphrey, Hubert, 77, 78, 122
• Hunt, Howard, 70
• Hurston, Zora Neale, 147
• IBM, 209, 213, 221, 222
• iCivics, 381, 383, 392
• If Not Now, When? (Jacobs), 128, 130
• immigration, 11–12, 58, 197
  • Albright on being an immigrant, 371–79
  • culture and, 12–13
  • Trump administration and, 49, 357, 369, 370
  • Yang on, 356–70
• income inequality, 11
• India, 211
• Industrial Revolution, 200, 202, 219
• influenza pandemic, 104
• innovation, see technology and innovation
• Intel, 218, 220–21
• International Woman Suffrage Alliance, 173
• Internet, 33, 211, 216, 222–25, 304
  • World Wide Web, 208, 223–24
• Iraq war, 2, 29
• Isaacson, Walter, 402
  • on innovation, 213–27
• It Didn’t Start with Watergate (Leaky), 77
• Jackson, Andrew, 32–33, 97
• Jackson, Mahalia, 296
• Jacobs, Jack, 402
  • on military service, 127–37
• Jay, John, 385
• jazz, 273–84
• Jefferson, Thomas, 25, 26, 36, 37, 41–42, 44, 46, 49, 53–55, 96, 97, 99, 118, 167, 203
• Jennings, Dale, 345
• Jeter, Derek, 326
• Jewish refugees, 363–66
• Jim Crow laws, 2, 7, 27, 75, 142, 145, 146, 366
• Jobs, Steve, 211, 214, 215, 218, 221, 224, 225
• Johnson, Andrew, 27, 142, 145
  • Douglass and, 163
• Johnson, Frank, 192
• Johnson, Lyndon, 119, 121
  • civil rights and, 189–90, 192
  • immigration and, 357, 366
  • space program and, 252, 253, 257
  • Vietnam and, 62, 65, 67, 114, 118–22, 366
• Johnson-Reed Act, 357, 362
• Jordan, Vernon, 149
• judicial branch, 10
• Justice Department, 73, 188, 256
• Kameny, Frank, 343, 346–48, 353, 354
• Kelly, Gene, 294
• Kennan, George, 117–18
• Kennedy, Anthony, 351–52
• Kennedy, Joe, 254
• Kennedy, John F., 4, 29, 49, 76, 77, 118, 190, 191, 252–53, 257, 366–68
  • assassination of, 119, 189, 257
  • in election against Nixon, 208, 252
  • immigration and, 357, 364–66
  • space program and, 195, 243–44, 248, 252–57
  • Vietnam and, 62, 67, 117–19
• Kennedy, Robert F., 29, 193
• Kennedy, Ted, 367
• Khrushchev, Nikita, 118, 252
• Kilby, Jack, 254
• King, Billie Jean, 402–3
  • on tennis and activism, 307–21
• King, Larry, 313
• King, Martin Luther, Jr., 149, 150, 185–87, 191–93, 296
• Kissinger, Henry, 123, 124, 214, 371, 378
• Kloss, Ilana, 319
• Koch, Ed, 352, 355
• Korean War, 114, 128, 245, 251, 255
• Koufax, Sandy, 336
• Ku Klux Klan (KKK), 27, 49, 55–56, 142, 188
• Lady of the Lake, The (Scott), 157
• Laird, Melvin, 135
• Langley, Samuel, 233–36
• Lanza, Mario, 292
• Laver, Rod, 311
• Lawson, James, 185–87
• Leadership Initiative, 319
• League of Nations, 28, 359
• League of Women Voters, 171
• Leaky, Victor, 77
• Lear, Norman, 287
• Le Duan, 120
• Lee, Richard Henry, 40, 41
• Lee, Robert E., 111–12, 305
• legislative branch, 10
• Lem, Nguyen Van, 121
• Leonardo da Vinci, 214, 215, 216, 228, 233, 300
• Lepore, Jill, 403
  • on American history, 19–34
• Lewis, John, 181–93
• Lewis and Clark, 96
• LGBTQ community
  • gay rights, 2, 341–55
  • transgender individuals, 352–53
• liberalism, 30
• Liberator, 156
• Life, 294
• “Lift Every Voice and Sing,” 149
• Lincoln, Abraham, 141–43, 145–46
  • assassination of, 141, 163
  • in debates with Stephen Douglas, 27
  • Douglass and, 151, 161–63
  • Emancipation Proclamation of, 109, 145, 161
  • Gettysburg Address of, 27, 85, 109, 110, 127
• Lincoln Center, 274, 276–77, 282–83
• Lindbergh, Charles, 245
• Little Rock Central High School, 149
• Livingston, Robert, 41, 42
• Locke, John, 56–57
• Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr., 118
• Lopez, Irene, 290
• Louisiana Purchase, 96–97, 200, 203
• Lovelace, Ada, 213
• Lucy, Autherine, 185
• Lyon, Phyllis, 345
• Madison, James, 37, 49, 53, 61
• Malinche, La, 96
• Mao Zedong, 211–12
• Marbury v. Madison, 10
• March on Washington, 181, 295–96
• marriage, same-sex, 342, 350, 351
• Marsalis, Ellis, Jr., 274, 275, 277–79
• Marsalis, Wynton, 117, 403
  • on jazz, 273–84
• Marshall Plan, 29
• Martin, Del, 345
• Martinez, Ceci, 313
• Mason, George, 42, 53
• Mather, Cotton, 57
• Mattachine Society, 345, 346, 354
• Mayer, Louis B., 291, 293
• Mayflower, 199, 204, 253
• McCarthy, Eugene, 121
• McCarthyism, 31, 376
• McCord, James, 70–71
• McCullough, David, 404
  • on the Wright brothers, 228–42
• McEnroe, John, 311, 312
• McKinley, William, 201
• Meacham, Jon, 404
  • on John Lewis and civil rights, 181–93
• Meigs, Montgomery, 112
• Mendel, Gregor, 259
• Meredith, James, 256
• Mexican-American War, 203
• Meyer, Eugene, 73
• microchips, 220, 254
• microprocessors, 220–21
• Microsoft, 222, 226
• military
  • civilian control of, 10
  • foreign policy decisions and, 29
  • gays in, 350
  • Jacobs on service in, 127–37
• Milk, Harvey, 353–54
• Minitel, 222
• Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, 190
• Missouri, USS, 118
• Mitchell, John, 71
• Moon, Wally, 257
• moon landing, 195, 241, 243–58
• Moreno, Rita, 404–5
  • on the actor’s life, 285–96
• Morgan, J. P., 202
• Morgenthau, Robert, 385–86
• Morse, Samuel, 200
• Mosaic, 223
• Mott, Lucretia, 172
• movies, 285–96
• Moyers, Bill, 248
• Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 248, 389
• Muskie, Edmund, 372
• Muslims, 49, 50, 54, 58, 357
• Nadal, Rafael, 311
• NASA, 243, 245, 246, 248, 252–57
• National Institutes of Health (NIH), 260, 262, 266, 268
• National Science Foundation (NSF), 264
• Native Americans, 12, 21–23
  • Deloria on, 87–102
  • religion and, 48, 54, 94
• Navratilova, Martina, 310, 311
• Nazi Germany, 250–51, 373
  • Jewish refugees from, 363–66
• Negroponte, John, 124
• New Deal, 28, 33
• New Yorker, 20
• New York Times, 62, 67–69, 146, 276, 357
• Nhu, Ngo Dinh, 119
• Nichols, Jack, 347
• 9/11 attacks, 2, 4, 81, 245, 356
• Nixon, Richard, 31, 65, 76, 78, 122, 267, 367, 371
  • in election against Kennedy, 208, 252
  • Jacobs awarded Medal of Honor by, 128, 135
  • moon landing and, 246, 248
  • Vietnam and, 62, 67, 114, 118, 122–24
  • Watergate and, 2, 62, 67, 69–72, 76–77, 83
• Nolan, John, 132
• North Star, 158–59
• Novick, Lynn, 114, 116
• Noyce, Robert, 214, 218
• nuclear weapons, 251
• Obama, Barack, 33, 144, 188, 193, 260, 343, 380, 390
  • Goodwin’s exit interview with, 271
• O’Connor, Sandra Day, 380, 382–83, 392
• oil, 205–6
• ONE, 346
• One Day at a Time, 287
• Ostler, Jeff, 90
• Other Slavery, The (Reséndez), 90
• Otis, James, 38
• Our Declaration (Allen), 36
• Page, Larry, 214, 219
• Parker, Annise, 352–53
• Parks, Rosa, 149
• patents, 220, 227
• Patterson, Gene, 69
• Paul, Alice, 168
• Pelton, Ronald, 66
• Pence, Mike, 5, 80, 353
• Penn, William, 52–53
• Pentagon Papers, 62, 67–69
• Perot, Ross, 209
• Perry, Gaylord, 333–34
• Peurifoy, John, 345
• Philadelphia Negro, The (Du Bois), 148
• Pickett’s Charge (Bradford), 298, 305–6
• Pilgrims, 51, 93, 199, 204
• Planned Parenthood, 31
• Plessy v. Ferguson, 143, 148
• Pocahontas, 96
• Poitier, Sidney, 285
• Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1
• power, peaceful transfer of, 10
• presidency, 10
• presidential election of 2000, 77–78
• presidential election of 2020, 7, 10
  • Beschloss on, 74–83
  • Trump’s contesting of results of, 3–5, 9–10, 74–76, 78, 80, 82
• Presley, Elvis, 295
• press, freedom of, 61–73
• Priest, Dana, 66
• private equity, 210–11, 269
• Puritans, 50–52, 54, 55
• Purvis, Robert, 164
• Quakers, 51, 52
• racism, 14, 276
  • white supremacy, 143
  • see also African Americans
• radar, 253, 255
• railroads, 172, 179, 205, 206
• Reagan, Ronald, 65, 209, 349, 351
• Reconstruction, 2, 27, 55, 56, 78, 163
  • Gates on, 141–49
• religion
  • Civil War and, 110–11
  • death and, 106
  • Declaration of Independence and, 42, 44
  • evangelical, 26, 32, 56–57, 59, 60
  • Native Americans and, 48, 54, 94
  • same-sex relationships and, 344
  • science and, 260, 265–66
• religious freedom, 9, 204
  • Brekus on, 48–60
• Republicans, 3–5, 31, 161, 190
• Reséndez, Andrés, 90
• Resor, Stanley, 135
• Revolutionary War, 24–25, 30, 40, 95, 96, 103–5, 114, 128
• Rice, Condoleezza, 372
• Riggs, Bobby, 308, 314–17
• Ripken, Cal, Jr., 405
  • on baseball, 322–37
• Ripken Foundation, 336
• Roberts, Ed, 221
• Roberts, John, 352
• Robinson, Jackie, 307, 309
• Rock, Arthur, 217–18
• Rockefeller, John D., 206
• Rockefeller, Laurance, 218
• rocketry, 249–51
• Rogers, William, 124
• Rolfe, John, 96
• Roosevelt, Eleanor, 32, 170–71
• Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 28, 76, 120, 171, 256
• Roosevelt, Theodore, 171, 175, 201, 242
• rule of law, 9–10
• Russell, Richard, 120
• Ruth, Babe, 328
• Sacagawea, 96
• St. Louis, MS, 364
• Sampras, Pete, 311
• Schlafly, Phyllis, 30–31
• science, 216–17, 382
  • religion and, 260, 265–66
  • research in, 259–69
  • see also technology and innovation
• school prayer, 58–59
• Scott, Dred, 160, 203
• Scott, Walter, 157–58
• Scully, Vin, 257
• Seigenthaler, John, 189
• Selfridge, Thomas, 239
• Selma, Ala., 186
  • Edmund Pettus Bridge in, 182, 183, 189–92
• Seneca Falls Convention, 165–66, 167, 169, 174
• separation of powers, 10
• September 11 attacks, 2, 4, 81, 245, 356
• Seven Years’ War, 38, 94–95
• Shepard, Alan, 243, 253
• Sherman, Roger, 41, 42
• Sherman, William Tecumseh, 145
• Shockley, William, 219
• Silicon Valley, 213, 216, 218, 219, 242
• Simons, Howard, 70
• Singleton, Ken, 335
• Sitting Bull, 100
• slavery, 2, 8, 12, 14, 21, 23–25, 32, 40, 87, 147–48, 161, 167, 203–5
  • abolitionists and, 26, 27, 57, 142, 149, 150, 152, 156, 158, 160, 161, 171–72
  • Declaration of Independence and, 27, 36, 43–46
  • Douglass and, 150–58, 161–63
  • Emancipation Proclamation and, 109, 145, 161
  • freeing of slaves, 141–42, 163
  • religion and, 54, 60
• smartphones, 211, 224
• Smith, Al, 49
• Smith, Kelly Miller, 186
• Smithsonian Institution, 233–34, 241
  • Hirshhorn Museum, 298, 305
• socialism, 11, 197
• social media, 33, 73, 216, 225–26
• software, 210, 221–22
• Sorensen, Ted, 254
• Sotomayor, Sonia, 405–6
  • on civics and civic education, 380–92
• Soviet Union, 65–66, 117, 118, 345, 365, 371
  • missiles and nuclear weapons of, 251, 252
  • space program of, 243, 247, 251–55, 257, 382
• Spanish-American War, 114
• Speakes, Larry, 349
• speech, freedom of, 8–9, 14
  • press and, 61–73
• Sputnik, 243, 251–52, 382
• Srinivasan, Bhu, 406
  • on capitalism, 197–212
• Stamp Act, 38
• Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 166, 168, 172, 174
• start-ups, 210
• Steele, Alfred, 288
• Stone, Lucy, 168, 172
• Stonewall riots, 342, 347–48, 354
• Stony the Road (Gates), 142, 147, 149
• Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, 192
• Sullivan, Kathryn, 256
• Sulzberger, Punch, 69
• Sumner, Charles, 143
• Supreme Court, 9, 58, 178, 387–88, 390, 391
  • Brown v. Board of Education, 185
  • Bush v. Gore, 77–78
  • Civil Rights Cases, 143
  • Dred Scott decision of, 160, 203
  • First Amendment and, 62, 66, 69
  • gay rights and, 342, 345, 346, 351–52, 355
  • Gibbons v. Ogden, 203
  • income tax and, 207
  • Marbury v. Madison, 10
  • Plessy v. Ferguson, 143, 148
  • Reconstruction and, 143–44
  • “separate but equal” and, 146
  • Sotomayor on, 380–83, 391
  • 2020 election fraud claims and, 3
  • women’s voting rights and, 174–75
• Talbert, Billy, 313–14
• Tang, 256
• taxes
  • on colonies, 24, 38, 39, 95
  • on income, 207
  • Native Americans and, 95
• Taylor, Charlie, 236
• Taylor, Elizabeth, 291, 292
• technology and innovation, 32–33, 213–27, 242, 382
  • spin-offs from space program, 255–56
  • World War II and, 213, 216–19, 232, 249, 250, 253, 254
• telegraph, 200
• television, 33, 208–9
• tennis, 307–21
• Thanksgiving, 93
• These Truths (Lepore), 20, 25
• Thieu, Nguyen Van, 122
• This Republic of Suffering (Faust), 103–4
• Tho, Le Duc, 124
• Thomas, Albert, 256
• Tilden, Samuel, 78
• Till, Emmett, 185
• Time, 116–17, 223, 254
• transgender individuals, 352–53
• transistors, 219–20, 254
• Truman, Harry, 59, 62, 117, 120, 242, 363, 364, 367
• Trump, Donald, 33, 83, 144, 260
  • Capitol attack and, 4–5, 74, 75, 80–82
  • COVID-19 pandemic and, 3
  • immigration and, 49, 357, 369, 370
  • impeachment of, 5, 81–82
  • Twitter and, 72–73
  • 2020 election results contested by, 3–5, 9–10, 74–76, 78–80, 82
• Truth, Sojourner, 168, 174
• Turing, Alan, 218
• Twitter, 72–73
• United Nations, 378
• Valdez, Juan, 125
• Venter, Craig, 260
• venture capital industry, 218
• Verdesio, Gustavo, 91
• Verne, Jules, 249
• Vespucci, Amerigo, 23
• Vietnam Memorial, 123
• Vietnam War, 2, 29, 62, 65–68, 128, 246, 348, 366
  • Burns on, 114–26
  • Gulf of Tonkin Resolution in, 121–22
  • Jacobs on his service in, 127–37
  • Pentagon Papers and, 62, 67–69
  • Tet Offensive in, 120–21
• Vietnam War, The, 115
• Virginia Company, 199
• visual arts, 297–306
• von Braun, Magnus, 251
• von Braun, Wernher, 250–51, 254, 255
• voting, 6, 7, 14
  • 2020 election fraud claims, 3–4
  • women’s participation in, 172–73
• voting rights, 7
  • for African Americans, 7, 144–46, 148, 156, 165, 171, 172, 174, 182, 189–92
  • for women, see women’s suffrage
• Waiwaiole, Ainsley, 132
• Waldseemüller, Martin, 23
• Wallace, George, 78, 122, 143, 149, 191, 192
• Walton, Sam, 209
• Warnock, Raphael, 147
• War of 1812, 114, 128
• Washington, George, 24–25, 35, 60, 200, 385
• Washington Post, 62–73, 254
• Watergate, 2, 62, 67, 69–72, 76–77, 83
• Watson, James, 259–60
• Watson, Tom, Sr., 209
• wealth, 11
• Weaver, Earl, 324, 327, 329
• Webb, James, 253
• Weiss, Elaine, 406
  • on women’s suffrage, 167–80
• Wharton, Edith, 230
• Whig Party, 203
• White, Ed, 247
• Whitefield, George, 60
• white supremacy, 143
• Whitman, Walt, 107
• Whitney, Eli, 200
• Whitten, Jack, 304
• Williams, Esther, 292, 293
• Williams, Hosea, 191
• Williams, Roger, 48
• Wilson, Elwin, 188
• Wilson, James, 37
• Wilson, Woodrow, 28, 176, 250
• Windsor, Edith, 351
• Woman’s Hour, The (Weiss), 168
• women, 2, 8, 30–32, 171–72, 174
  • Declaration of Independence and, 36, 46
  • religion and, 57
  • voting participation by, 172–73
  • in World War I effort, 176
• women’s suffrage, 2, 7, 31–32, 165–66, 339
  • Black women and, 168, 171
  • Weiss on, 167–80
• Woodward, Bob, 62, 65, 69–71
• World War I, 11, 28, 29, 114, 128, 173, 175, 176, 199, 207, 359
  • rocket technology and, 249–50
  • women’s participation in, 176
• World War II, 2, 114, 117, 128, 129, 136, 199, 207–8, 254, 366, 367, 371, 373
  • Jewish refugees in, 363–66
  • technological innovation and, 213, 216–19, 232, 249, 250, 253, 254
• World Wide Web, 208, 223–24
• Wounded Knee, 100
• Wovoka, 100
• Wozniak, Steve, 218, 221
• Wright, Katharine, 234, 238–40
• Wright brothers, 228–42, 249
• Yang, Jia Lynn, 406
  • on immigration, 356–70
• Y Combinator, 210
• Young, Andy, 191
• Zanuck, Darryl, 294
• Zenger, John Peter, 61
• Zuckerberg, Mark, 214, 226